A stereolithography experimental teaching system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of stereoscopic modeling experimental teaching system, including the forming tool of realizing generation design, three-dimensional surveying and mapping, profiling, mirror image forming and feature fusion etc.Function;Forming tool includes base support, cross bar, vertical rod, vertical rod support frame, sliding block, probe rod, engraver, connecting rod, diverter and workbench, the two pairs of edges of the base support are equipped with the cross bar;The present application is a set of generation design, three-dimensional surveying and mapping, profiling, mirror image forming, feature fusion, multi-mode processing demonstration function in one device, experimental condition is sufficient comprehensive, content scientific novelty, means rich variety, effectively promote teaching method improvement;Function module is various, modeling material source is wide, DIY has much room for improvement, teaching scene is easy to expand, fit current experimental teaching module organization framework, guarantee the scientificity and novelty of experimental content, and the high freedom of experimental project design development, promote experimental teaching reform and innovation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of teaching equipment, specifically to a three-dimensional modeling experimental teaching system. Background Technology

[0002] Existing 3D modeling teaching experimental equipment suffers from several problems, including a lack of targeted and systematic approaches, difficulty in effectively testing or verifying theoretical analysis, high technical requirements for demonstrative experiments, a lack of standardized conditions for non-demonstration experiments, slow feedback in experimental teaching, and a lack of innovative experimental project development platforms. This invention, employing a modular design concept, graphic chain code evolutionary algorithm, and product digital design technology, has developed a 3D modeling experimental teaching system integrating generative design, 3D mapping, contour replication, mirror modeling, feature fusion, and multi-mode processing demonstration functions. Based on Freeman chain code and genetic algorithms, a contour generation design module has been developed. Combined with a modifiable and combinable contour replication module and modeling module, it can perform deformation design and automatic generation of 3D model contours, perform three-coordinate measurement and cross-sectional drawing of 3D models, perform morphological deconstruction and unit recombination of 3D models, perform mirror modeling of asymmetrical models, fully replicate and creatively reshape classic models, and demonstrate subtractive manufacturing processes for various commonly used materials. It can also simulate the divergent and convergent processes of human design thinking and simulate the subtractive manufacturing process and toolpath of large workpieces such as automotive clay models. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional modeling experimental teaching system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art regarding existing three-dimensional modeling equipment in experimental teaching, such as lack of relevance and systematicness, difficulty in effectively testing or verifying theoretical analysis, high technical requirements for demonstration experiments, lack of standardized conditions for non-demonstration experiments, slow feedback in experimental teaching, and lack of innovative experimental project development platforms.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A three-dimensional modeling experimental teaching system includes a forming tool comprising a base support 1, a horizontal bar 2, a vertical bar 3, a vertical bar support frame 4, a slider 5, a probe 7, a carving machine 9, a connecting rod 12, a steering mechanism 13, and a worktable 18. The base support 1 has the horizontal bar 2 on two opposite sides, and the slider 5 is mounted on the horizontal bar 2. The slider 5 is enclosed by the vertical bar support frame 4. The other end of the vertical bar support frame 4 is fixed to the vertical bar 3. Two sliders 5 are mounted on the vertical bar 3, and steering mechanisms 13 are mounted on the two sliders 5. One end of each steering mechanism 13 is connected by a connecting rod 12. The steering mechanism 13 is connected to an inner rod 8, which is located within a cantilever 6. Probes 7 and clamps 10 are fixed to the ends of the cantilever 6, and the carving machine 9 is mounted on the clamps 10. The base support 1 has the worktable 18, and the edge of the worktable 18 has a positioning groove 19.

[0006] Slider blocks are provided on the horizontal bar 2 and the vertical bar 3 for the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 to move in the horizontal and vertical positions.

[0007] The steering gear 13 is a Japanese-imported KOMPASS steering gear, model KB-101, which enables mirror angle linkage.

[0008] The longitudinal rod 3 is provided with two sliders 5, and the sliders 5 are provided with steering gear 13. The steering gear 13 is fixed inside the rectangular tube 14 by a pin. The inner rod 8 passes through the rectangular tube 14 and is connected to the steering gear 13. The cantilever 6 is fixed on the rectangular tube 14.

[0009] 9. The probe rod 7 and the clamp 10 are connected to the inner rod 8 through the cantilever 6. One end of the cantilever 6 is provided with an arc groove 23. The inclinometer 11 passes through the arc groove 23 and is fixed on the inner rod 8. The inclinometer 11 is provided with a nut 20 on the connecting rod. The inner rod 8 and the cantilever 6 are fixed together by the nut 20.

[0010] The workbench 18 is provided with a lifting bracket 16 below it. The lifting bracket 16 is fixed on the workbench base 15. The lifting bracket 16 is lifted and lowered by a hydraulic rod 17. The edge of the workbench 18 is provided with a positioning groove 19.

[0011] The rear end of the rectangular tube 14 is fixed with a counterweight 23 to facilitate the lifting and balancing of the front-end engraving machine 9 and the probe 7.

[0012] A locking block 24 is provided between the two sliders 5 of the vertical rod 3; the locking block 24 is used when the engraving machine 9 is forming a mirror image, and can lock the position of the two sliders 5 on the vertical rod 3, thereby ensuring that the mirror image forming has a fixed mirror symmetry reference plane.

[0013] The connecting rod 12 is provided with locking parts 21 at both ends. When the locking parts 21 are locked, the connecting rod 12 and the steering gear 13 are linked together. When the locking parts 21 are released, the connecting rod 12 and the steering gear 13 are not linked. When the mirror forming experiment is carried out, the locking parts 21 are locked, and the rotation angles of the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 form a reverse linkage relationship. When the copying experiment is carried out, the locking parts 21 need to be released so that the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 can rotate independently.

[0014] The three-dimensional mapping is performed by installing a pen holder 25 on the engraving machine 9 and a grid drawing board on the worktable 18. The drawing is completed on the grid drawing board by using the pen on the pen holder 25. At this time, the nut 20 is tightened to fix the relative position of the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 and keep their respective axes parallel to the grid drawing board. By manually moving the probe 7, the pen traces the position of the feature points contacted by the probe on the grid drawing board. By adjusting the position and angle of the three-dimensional model material, a three-dimensional model outline image projected from different perspectives is obtained.

[0015] The contour copying process involves loosening the locking piece 21, disengaging the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9, rotating the probe 7 and aligning it with a certain side of the three-dimensional model material, then tightening the nut 20 on the inclinometer 11 to fix the inner rod 8 and cantilever 6 together, preventing the probe 7 from rotating. The angle of the engraving machine 9 is then adjusted to match that of the probe 7, and the nut 20 is tightened again to prevent the engraving machine 9 from rotating. The relative positions of the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 are now fixed, allowing for the contour copying of a specific side. This process is repeated until the contour copying of different sides of the model sample is complete.

[0016] The feature fusion process involves sequentially replicating the shape features of several three-dimensional model materials onto a model blank, resulting in a final model with a visually integrated effect of shape features. Specifically, through the same operation as the shape replication, different shape samples can be selected sequentially, and the desired shape features can be replicated onto the same model blank. Alternatively, individual shape samples can be selected, and their positions and angles can be changed sequentially to repeatedly replicate the shape features onto the model blank. Furthermore, during the shape replication process, changing the probe 7 to different shapes, sizes, and structures allows for variations in the shape replication path. The shape features processed by the engraving machine 9 will differ from the original features, enriching the features and improving the fusion quality.

[0017] The mirror forming process involves carving a mirror image of the original surface onto the model blank. The mirror image can be located on a three-dimensional model material or a semi-finished model. By locking the locking piece 21, the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 rotate in tandem. After calibration, the nut 20 on the inclinometer 11 is loosened, and the mirror angle is changed via the steering mechanism 13, causing the engraving machine 9 to rotate in the opposite direction with the probe 7 and move in real time. During the mirror forming process, the lateral position of the two sliders 5 on the vertical rod 3 is restricted by the locking block 24, and the spatial position of feature points on the mirror image surface is continuously collected by rotating and moving the probe 7. The engraving machine 9 can simultaneously process the mirror image on the model blank in real time.

[0018] The generative design involves scanning the 3D-mapped drawing and saving it as a JPG file. This file is then input into a contour generation design software based on chain code and genetic algorithms. This software generates multiple randomly varying contour options with a single click. The satisfactory contour option is saved as an EPS vector graphic and printed onto cardstock to create contour templates for subsequent 3D modeling materials.

[0019] A method for using a three-dimensional modeling experimental teaching system, characterized in that, taking the shape replication experimental project as an example, when the model material is PU foam, the following steps are included;

[0020] S1: Equipment Preparation; Lower the worktable 18 to its lowest position and install the engraving machine 9. Prepare the PU foam block with its center line drawn and the 3D model material to be replicated. Fix both to the worktable 18 with hot melt adhesive, ensuring that the center distance between them matches the center distance of the cantilever 6. Install the 16mm ball cutter on the engraving machine 9, and simultaneously install the 20mm ball probe on the probe rod 7.

[0021] S2: Angle calibration; Rotate clamp 10 and probe 7 in the same direction to make the readings of inclinometer 11 consistent, tighten the fixing screws to fix clamp 10 and probe 7, and complete the angle consistency calibration of the two.

[0022] S3: Position calibration; Loosen the fixing clamp of probe 7 and pull the probe upward a certain distance. Move the cantilever 6 at the end of the engraving machine 9 so that the 16mm ball tool falls to the bottom of the corresponding hole in the positioning groove 19 at the front end of the worktable 18. Press down the probe 7 so that the 20mm ball probe falls to the bottom of the corresponding hole in the positioning groove 19. Tighten the fixing screw of the probe 7 to complete the position calibration of the tool and the probe.

[0023] S4: Counterweight and other adjustments; fine-tune the position of the counterweight block 23 to slightly raise the cantilever 6 and then fix it to facilitate control of the force applied during operation. Raise the worktable 18 to a suitable position for subsequent operation and observation and fix it.

[0024] S5: Horizontal roughing; Attach the arched magnet between the horizontal bar 2 and the vertical support frame 4 to limit the longitudinal single displacement of the cantilever 6. Start the engraving machine 9 and adjust it to low speed to begin horizontal multi-layer roughing. Control the layer thickness to within 10mm to improve the stability of the toolpath. Repeat the cutting process until completion. Then release the arched magnet and perform a circular cutting process along the outer contour of the 3D model material. After completion, turn off the engraving machine.

[0025] S6: Longitudinal finishing; replace with a 6mm spherical cutter and a 6mm spherical probe, and place them into the bottom of the corresponding holes in the positioning groove 19 at the front end of the worktable 18. Tighten the fixing screws of the probe 7. Attach the arched magnet between the longitudinal rod 3 and the locking block 24 to limit the lateral single displacement of the cantilever 6. Start the engraving machine 9 and adjust it to medium-low speed, reciprocating the cutter until completion.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. A low-cost technical solution is provided to quickly obtain the profile information of complex curved surfaces. It can draw and measure the profile of any cross section of complex curved surfaces, which can be used for subsequent analysis of modeling engineering data and interface with the design module.

[0028] 2. It can complete 1:1 physical reproduction and mirror modeling of three-dimensional shapes, and can obtain complex shapes that meet preset standards without the need for digital technology. Even lower-grade students can quickly master the technology to make prototypes.

[0029] 3. It can extract and fuse features from three-dimensional shapes. By changing the combination of the contouring module and the modeling module (including templates, probes, supports, etc.), the overall features (proportion, structure, etc.) and local features (curved surfaces, graphic details, etc.) of the three-dimensional shape can be extracted separately. By combining or replacing templates (i.e., three-dimensional modeling materials), features from different shapes can be fused. Based on the above methods, experiments on the deconstruction, recombination, and reshaping of modeling features can be carried out.

[0030] 4. It adopts a classic gantry-type moving structure, which is streamlined, stable in operation, and has good precision. The functional areas are well-organized, the warning signs are clear, and the high-speed rotating parts are far away from the human body contact surface, ensuring safety and reliability.

[0031] 5. It integrates generative design, 3D mapping, shape replication, mirror modeling, feature fusion, and multi-mode processing demonstration functions. The experimental conditions are sufficient and comprehensive, the content is scientific and novel, and the methods are rich and diverse, effectively promoting the improvement of teaching methods.

[0032] 6. With diverse functional modules, a wide range of modeling materials, ample room for DIY modification, and easy expansion of teaching scenarios, it fits the current experimental teaching module organization framework, ensuring the scientific nature and novelty of experimental content, as well as the high degree of freedom in the design and development of experimental projects, thus promoting the reform and innovation of experimental teaching. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the molding tool of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a partial disassembled structural diagram of the molding tool of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the molding tool of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a second partial structural schematic diagram of the molding tool of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the workbench structure of the molding tool of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional mapping state of the molding tool of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Base bracket; 2. Horizontal bar; 3. Vertical bar; 4. Vertical bar support frame; 5. Slider; 6. Cantilever; 7. Probe; 8. Inner bar; 9. Engraving machine; 10. Clamp; 11. Inclinometer; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Steering gear; 14. Rectangular tube; 15. Workbench base; 16. Lifting bracket; 17. Hydraulic rod; 18. Workbench; 19. Positioning groove; 20. Nut; 21. Locking component; 22. Arc groove; 23. Counterweight; 24. Locking block; 25. Pen holder. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] A three-dimensional modeling experimental teaching system includes a forming tool comprising a base support 1, a horizontal bar 2, a vertical bar 3, a vertical bar support frame 4, a slider 5, a probe 7, a carving machine 9, a connecting rod 12, a steering mechanism 13, and a worktable 18. The base support 1 has the horizontal bar 2 on two opposite sides, and the slider 5 is mounted on the horizontal bar 2. The slider 5 is enclosed by the vertical bar support frame 4. The other end of the vertical bar support frame 4 is fixed to the vertical bar 3. Two sliders 5 are mounted on the vertical bar 3, and steering mechanisms 13 are mounted on the two sliders 5. One end of each steering mechanism 13 is connected by a connecting rod 12. The steering mechanism 13 is connected to an inner rod 8, which is located within a cantilever 6. Probes 7 and clamps 10 are fixed to the ends of the cantilever 6, and the carving machine 9 is mounted on the clamps 10. The base support 1 has the worktable 18, and the edge of the worktable 18 has a positioning groove 19.

[0042] Slider blocks are provided on the horizontal bar 2 and the vertical bar 3 for the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 to move in the horizontal and vertical positions.

[0043] The steering gear 13 is a Japanese-imported KOMPASS steering gear, model KB-101, which enables mirror angle linkage.

[0044] The longitudinal rod 3 is provided with two sliders 5, and the sliders 5 are provided with steering gear 13. The steering gear 13 is fixed inside the rectangular tube 14 by a pin. The inner rod 8 passes through the rectangular tube 14 and is connected to the steering gear 13. The cantilever 6 is fixed on the rectangular tube 14.

[0045] The probe rod 7 and the clamp 10 are connected to the inner rod 8 through the cantilever 6. One end of the cantilever 6 is provided with an arc groove 23. The inclinometer 11 passes through the arc groove 23 and is fixed on the inner rod 8. The inclinometer 11 is provided with a nut 20 on the connecting rod. The inner rod 8 and the cantilever 6 are fixed together by the nut 20.

[0046] The workbench 18 is provided with a lifting bracket 16 below it. The lifting bracket 16 is fixed on the workbench base 15. The lifting bracket 16 is lifted and lowered by a hydraulic rod 17. The edge of the workbench 18 is provided with a positioning groove 19.

[0047] The rear end of the rectangular tube 14 is fixed with a counterweight 23 to facilitate the lifting and balancing of the front-end engraving machine 9 and the probe 7.

[0048] A locking block 24 is provided between the two sliders 5 of the vertical rod 3; the locking block 24 is used when the engraving machine 9 is forming a mirror image, and can lock the position of the two sliders 5 on the vertical rod 3, thereby ensuring that the mirror image forming has a fixed mirror symmetry reference plane.

[0049] The connecting rod 12 is provided with locking parts 21 at both ends. When the locking parts 21 are locked, the connecting rod 12 and the steering gear 13 are linked together. When the locking parts are released, the connecting rod 12 and the steering gear 13 are not linked. When the mirror forming experiment is carried out, the locking parts 21 are locked, and the rotation angles of the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 form a reverse linkage relationship. When the copying experiment is carried out, the locking parts 21 need to be released so that the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 can rotate independently.

[0050] The three-dimensional mapping is performed by installing a pen holder 25 on the engraving machine 9 and a grid drawing board on the worktable 18. The drawing is completed on the grid drawing board by using the pen on the pen holder 25. At this time, the nut 20 is tightened to fix the relative position of the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 and keep their respective axes parallel to the grid drawing board. By manually moving the probe 7, the pen traces the position of the feature points contacted by the probe on the grid drawing board. By adjusting the position and angle of the three-dimensional model material, a three-dimensional model outline image projected from different perspectives is obtained.

[0051] The contour copying process involves loosening the locking piece 21, disengaging the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9, rotating the probe 7 and aligning it with a certain side of the three-dimensional model material, then tightening the nut 20 on the inclinometer 11 to fix the inner rod 8 and cantilever 6 together, preventing the probe 7 from rotating. The angle of the engraving machine 9 is then adjusted to match that of the probe 7, and the nut 20 is tightened again to prevent the engraving machine 9 from rotating. The relative positions of the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 are now fixed, allowing for the contour copying of a specific side. This process is repeated until the contour copying of different sides of the model sample is complete.

[0052] The feature fusion process involves sequentially replicating the shape features of several three-dimensional model materials onto a model blank, resulting in a final model with a visually integrated effect of shape features. Specifically, through the same operation as the shape replication, different shape samples can be selected sequentially, and the desired shape features can be replicated onto the same model blank. Alternatively, individual shape samples can be selected, and their positions and angles can be changed sequentially to repeatedly replicate the shape features onto the model blank. Furthermore, during the shape replication process, changing the probe 7 to different shapes, sizes, and structures allows for variations in the shape replication path. The shape features processed by the engraving machine 9 will differ from the original features, enriching the features and improving the fusion quality.

[0053] The mirror forming process involves carving a mirror image of the original surface onto the model blank. The mirror image can be located on a three-dimensional model material or a semi-finished model. By locking the locking piece 21, the probe 7 and the engraving machine 9 rotate in tandem. After calibration, the nut 20 on the inclinometer 11 is loosened, and the mirror angle is changed via the steering mechanism 13, causing the engraving machine 9 to rotate in the opposite direction with the probe 7 and move in real time. During the mirror forming process, the lateral position of the two sliders 5 on the vertical rod 3 is restricted by the locking block 24, and the spatial position of feature points on the mirror image surface is continuously collected by rotating and moving the probe 7. The engraving machine 9 can simultaneously process the mirror image on the model blank in real time.

[0054] The generative design involves scanning the 3D-mapped drawing and saving it as a JPG file. This data is then input into a contour generation design module software based on chain code and genetic algorithms. This module generates multiple randomly varying contour options with a single click. The satisfactory contour option is saved as an EPS vector graphic and printed onto cardstock to create contour templates for subsequent 3D modeling materials.

[0055] A method for using a three-dimensional modeling experimental teaching system, characterized in that, taking the shape replication experimental project as an example, when the model material is PU foam, the following steps are included;

[0056] S1: Equipment Preparation; Lower the worktable 18 to its lowest position and install the engraving machine 9. Prepare the PU foam block with its center line drawn and the 3D model material to be replicated. Fix both to the worktable 18 with hot melt adhesive, ensuring that the center distance between them matches the center distance of the cantilever 6. Install the 16mm ball cutter on the engraving machine 9, and simultaneously install the 20mm ball probe on the probe rod 7.

[0057] S2: Angle calibration; Rotate clamp 10 and probe 7 in the same direction to make the readings of inclinometer 11 consistent, tighten the fixing screws to fix clamp 10 and probe 7, and complete the angle consistency calibration of the two.

[0058] S3: Position calibration; Loosen the fixing clamp of probe 7 and pull the probe upward a certain distance. Move the cantilever 6 at the end of the engraving machine 9 so that the 16mm ball tool falls to the bottom of the corresponding hole in the positioning groove 19 at the front end of the worktable 18. Press down the probe 7 so that the 20mm ball probe falls to the bottom of the corresponding hole in the positioning groove 19. Tighten the fixing screw of the probe 7 to complete the position calibration of the tool and the probe.

[0059] S4: Counterweight and other adjustments. Fine-tune the position of the counterweight block 23 to slightly raise the cantilever 6 and then fix it to facilitate control of the force applied during operation. Raise the worktable 18 to a suitable position for subsequent operation and observation and fix it.

[0060] S5: Horizontal roughing; Attach the arched magnet between the horizontal bar 2 and the vertical support frame 4 to limit the longitudinal single displacement of the cantilever 6. Start the engraving machine 9 and adjust it to low speed to begin horizontal multi-layer roughing. Control the layer thickness to within 10mm to improve the stability of the toolpath. Repeat the cutting process until completion. Then release the arched magnet and perform a circular cutting process along the outer contour of the 3D model material. After completion, turn off the engraving machine.

[0061] S6: Longitudinal finishing; replace with a 6mm spherical cutter and a 6mm spherical probe, and place them into the bottom of the corresponding holes in the positioning groove 19 at the front end of the worktable 18. Tighten the fixing screws of the probe 7. Attach the arched magnet between the longitudinal rod 3 and the locking block 24 to limit the lateral single displacement of the cantilever 6. Start the engraving machine 9 and adjust it to medium-low speed, reciprocating the cutter until completion.

[0062] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its novel spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional modeling experimental teaching system, characterized in that, This includes forming tools that enable generative design, 3D mapping, contour copying, mirroring, and feature fusion. The forming tool includes a base support (1), a crossbar (2), a longitudinal bar (3), a longitudinal bar support frame (4), a slider (5), a probe (7), a carving machine (9), a connecting rod (12), a steering mechanism (13), and a worktable (18). The crossbar (2) is provided on two opposite sides of the base support (1), and the slider (5) is provided on the crossbar (2). The slider (5) is wrapped by the longitudinal bar support frame (4), and the other end of the longitudinal bar support frame (4) is fixed to the longitudinal bar (3). Two sliders are provided on the longitudinal bar (3). (5) Both sliders (5) are provided with steering gears (13). One end of the two steering gears (13) is connected by the connecting rod (12). The steering gears (13) are connected to the inner rod (8). The inner rod (8) is set in the cantilever (6). The end of the cantilever (6) is respectively fixed with the probe (7) and the clamp (10). The clamp (10) is provided with the engraving machine (9). The base support (1) is provided with the worktable (18). The edge of the worktable (18) is provided with a positioning groove (19). The steering gear (13) is fixed inside the rectangular tube (14) by a pin, the inner rod (8) passes through the rectangular tube (14) and is connected to the steering gear (13), and the cantilever (6) is fixed on the rectangular tube (14); The probe (7) and the clamp (10) are connected to the inner rod (8) through the cantilever (6). One end of the cantilever (6) is provided with an arc groove (22). The inclinometer (11) passes through the arc groove (22) and is fixed on the inner rod (8). The connecting rod of the inclinometer (11) is provided with a nut (20). The inner rod (8) and the cantilever (6) are fixed together by the nut (20). The workbench (18) is provided with a lifting bracket (16) below it. The lifting bracket (16) is fixed on the workbench base (15). The lifting bracket (16) is lifted by a hydraulic rod (17). A counterweight (23) is fixed at the rear end of the rectangular tube (14). A locking block (24) is provided between the two sliders (5) of the vertical rod (3). When the locking block (24) locks the position of the two sliders (5) on the vertical rod (3), the lateral position of the two sliders (5) remains fixed to maintain a fixed mirror symmetry reference plane. The connecting rod (12) is provided with locking parts (21) at both ends; when the locking parts (21) are locked, the connecting rod (12) and the steering gear (13) are linked and cooperate, the probe (7) and the engraving machine (9) rotate in linkage, and the rotation direction of the engraving machine (9) is opposite to the rotation direction of the probe (7); when the locking parts (21) are released, the connecting rod (12) and the steering gear (13) are not linked, and the probe (7) and the engraving machine (9) can rotate independently. The three-dimensional mapping is performed by installing a pen holder (25) on the engraving machine (9) and a grid drawing board on the worktable (18). The drawing is completed on the grid drawing board by using the pen on the pen holder (25). At this time, the nut (20) is tightened so that the relative position of the probe (7) and the engraving machine (9) is fixed and their respective axes are parallel to the grid drawing board. The probe (7) is moved manually and the drawing board traces the position of the feature points contacted by the probe (7) on the grid drawing board. By adjusting the position and angle of the three-dimensional model material, a three-dimensional model outline diagram projected from different perspectives is obtained. The contour copying process involves loosening the locking element (21) to prevent the probe (7) and the engraving machine (9) from moving together; after rotating the probe (7) and aligning it with a certain side of the three-dimensional model material, tightening the nut (20) on the inclinometer (11) to fix the inner rod (8) and the cantilever (6) together, so that the probe (7) can no longer rotate; adjusting the angle of the engraving machine (9) to be the same as the angle of the probe (7), and then tightening the nut (20) again, so that the engraving machine (9) can no longer rotate; the relative positions of the probe (7) and the engraving machine (9) are fixed, and contour copying of a certain side can be achieved; repeating the above operations until the contour copying of different sides of the model sample is completed; The feature fusion is to successively copy the shape features of several three-dimensional modeling materials onto the model blank, so that the final model has a visual effect of the shape features being integrated. Specifically, through the same operation as the shape copying, different shape samples can be selected one after another, and the shape features to be retained can be copied onto the same model blank. Alternatively, a single shape sample can be selected, and its position and angle can be changed one after another to repeatedly copy the shape features onto the model blank. In addition, during the shape copying process, by changing the probe (7) of different shapes, sizes and structures, the shape path can be changed, and the shape features processed by the engraving machine (9) will be different from the original features. The mirror forming process involves carving a mirror image of the original surface, i.e., the surface to be mirrored, onto the model blank. The surface to be mirrored is located on the three-dimensional model material or the semi-finished model. By locking the locking piece (21), the probe (7) and the carving machine (9) are rotated in linkage. After calibration, the nut (20) on the inclinometer (11) is loosened, and the carving machine (9) is rotated in the opposite direction with the probe (7) and linked in real time by the steering device (13). During the mirror forming process, the horizontal position of the two sliders (5) on the vertical rod (3) is restricted by the locking block (24), and the spatial position of the feature points on the surface to be mirrored is continuously collected by rotating and moving the probe (7). The carving machine (9) can simultaneously process the mirror surface on the model blank in real time. The generated design involves scanning the 3D mapping drawings and saving them as JPG format. The drawings are then input into a contour generation design module (software) based on chain code and genetic algorithm. This module generates multiple randomly varying contour options with one click. A contour option is selected from these options, saved as an EPS vector graphic, and printed on cardstock. This template is then used to create the contour template for the subsequent 3D modeling materials.

2. A method for replicating shapes using the three-dimensional modeling experimental teaching system described in claim 1, characterized in that, The model material is PU foam, and the process includes the following steps: S1: Equipment preparation; lower the worktable (18) to the lowest position, install the engraving machine (9), prepare the PU foam block with the center line drawn and the three-dimensional model material to be replicated, fix the two to the worktable (18) with hot melt glue so that the center distance between the two is consistent with the center distance of the cantilever (6); install the 16mm ball cutter on the engraving machine (9), and at the same time install the 20mm ball probe on the probe rod (7); S2: Angle calibration; Rotate the clamp (10) and the probe (7) in the same direction to make the readings of the inclinometer (11) consistent, tighten the fixing screws to fix the clamp (10) and the probe (7) to complete the angle consistency calibration of the two; S3: Position calibration; Loosen the fixing clamp of the probe (7) and pull the probe (7) upward a certain distance; Move the cantilever (6) at the end of the engraving machine (9) so that the 16mm ball tool falls into the bottom of the corresponding hole of the positioning groove (19) at the front end of the worktable (18); Press down the probe (7) so that the 20mm ball probe falls into the bottom of the corresponding hole of the positioning groove (19), tighten the fixing screw of the probe (7), and complete the position calibration of the tool and the probe; S4: Counterweight and other adjustments; fine-tune the position of the counterweight block (23) so that the cantilever (6) is slightly raised and then fixed, so as to facilitate control of the force applied during operation; raise the workbench (18) to a position that is conducive to subsequent operation and observation and fix it; S5: Horizontal roughing; attach the arched magnet between the crossbar (2) and the longitudinal support frame (4) to limit the longitudinal single displacement amplitude of the cantilever (6); start the engraving machine (9) and adjust it to low speed, start horizontal multi-layer roughing, control the layer thickness within 10mm to improve the stability of the tool path, and reciprocate the tool until completion; then release the arched magnet, and make a circular cut along the outer contour of the three-dimensional model material, and turn off the engraving machine (9) after completion. S6: Longitudinal finishing; replace with a 6mm spherical cutter and a 6mm spherical probe, place them into the bottom of the corresponding hole of the positioning groove (19) at the front end of the worktable (18), and tighten the fixing screw of the probe rod (7); attract the arched magnet between the longitudinal rod (3) and the locking block (24) to limit the lateral single displacement amplitude of the cantilever (6); start the engraving machine (9) and adjust it to medium and low speed, and reciprocate the cutting until completion.

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