A light and easy to install modular fire resistant insulated window

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fire doors or similar closing devices, and discloses a lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and insulated window. Instead of maintaining the strength of the window frame and glass frame after fire or protecting the integrity of the main body of the window frame and glass frame, it directly fixes the glass panel to the door / window opening using a small number of newly added steel components, steel lock seats, and hinges. Fire-resistant expansion strips, like inflating a balloon, prevent the window frame and glass frame from collapsing for an extended period before burning, and fill and seal the voids left after the window frame and glass frame are burned. The number of newly added steel components is minimal and no fire-resistant grouting material is required, making the entire window very lightweight and easy to install. Because the fire-resistant and insulation components required are small and few, they can be made into modules that can be added and removed at any time, making the window of this invention highly versatile. It can be made using various common window building materials and can meet the usage requirements of various windows, bringing great convenience to all aspects of building construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire doors or similar closing devices, and in particular to a lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window. Background Technology

[0002] Article 5.5.32 of the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB50016-2014 stipulates that: "For residential buildings with a building height greater than 54 meters, each household shall have one room that meets the following requirements: 1. It shall be located against an exterior wall and shall be equipped with an operable exterior window; 2. The fire resistance rating of the interior and exterior walls shall not be less than 1.00h, the door of the room should preferably be a Class B fire door, and the integrity of the exterior window should not be less than 1.00h." Article 6.7.7 stipulates that: "Except for public buildings using Class B1 insulation materials and with a building height not exceeding 24m, or residential buildings using Class B1 insulation materials and with a building height not exceeding 27m, the fire resistance integrity of doors and windows on the exterior walls of buildings shall not be less than 0.50h."

[0003] Windows that meet the above requirements include fire-resistant windows and fire-proof windows. Fire-proof windows have a clear definition and standards (GB16809-2008 Fire-proof Windows). Fire-resistant windows, however, do not have a clear definition. The industry generally considers them to be non-insulated glazed components installed on the exterior walls of buildings that meet fire safety acceptance requirements for fire resistance integrity. (Here, insulation refers to the back not getting hot after being burned; it is not the same as the window's thermal insulation performance. It is judged by the insulation test results in GB / T 12513-2006 Fire Resistance Testing of Glazed Components, where the average temperature rise on the indoor side after being burned does not exceed 140℃ and there are no locations with a temperature rise exceeding 180℃.) Because fire-resistant windows meet far fewer standards than fire-proof windows, their cost is lower.

[0004] Currently, common fire-resistant windows include steel fire-resistant windows and non-steel fire-resistant windows. Steel fire-resistant windows are generally constructed similarly to non-insulated fire-resistant windows, consisting of a frame, glass frame, glass panels, and connectors that are inherently fire-resistant. They are very heavy and have numerous thermal bridges that affect the building's insulation performance. Their structure and appearance are completely different from other windows in the building, and the components used are not interchangeable. Non-steel fire-resistant windows, on the other hand, typically use aluminum alloy or PVC, or a combination of both, for the frame and glass frame. These frames are not fire-resistant and require steel reinforcement to increase their strength after exposure to fire. However, this steel reinforcement becomes ineffective once the frame and glass frame are burned. Therefore, fire-retardant filler is needed to further enhance fire resistance and ensure that the main body of the frame and glass frame does not burn. However, the fire-retardant filler itself is very heavy, negating the weight reduction advantage of using non-steel fire-resistant windows. Furthermore, the large amount of fire-retardant filler and steel reinforcement makes the window installation process extremely complex.

[0005] The inventors discovered a misconception in the design of existing fire-resistant windows: they either use fire-resistant materials to make the window and glass frames, or they use fire-retardant grout to protect the window and glass frames. However, the function of fire-resistant windows does not actually depend on the window and glass frames not being destroyed by fire. Even if the window and glass frames are destroyed by fire, as long as they can block fire and smoke, they can still serve their purpose. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved is that, among existing fire-resistant windows, steel fire-resistant windows are heavy, have poor thermal insulation, and their components are not interchangeable, while non-steel fire-resistant windows are heavy and difficult to install.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window, including a window frame, a glass frame, a glass panel embedded in the glass frame, and a lock seat and hinges disposed between the window frame and the glass frame. The window frame and the glass frame are both assembled from three layers of hollow profiles that are in line contact with each other. The three layers of hollow profiles are arranged from the inside to the outside. The hollow profile located in the middle is referred to as the connecting profile, and the other two layers of hollow profiles are referred to as the main profiles. The main profiles of the outer layer of the glass frame extend towards the glass panel and form a folded plate that wraps around the edge of the glass panel. A gap is left between the folded plate and the glass panel. The fire-resistant and heat-insulating window also includes a fire-resistant module installed when a fire-resistant module is available and a heat-insulating module installed when heat insulation is required. The fire-resistant and heat-insulating window has a reserved gap for installing the fire-resistant module and the heat-insulating module. The glass panel is fire-resistant glass when fire resistance is required and has an air interlayer or vacuum interlayer when heat insulation is required. The width of the glass inlay groove in the glass frame is not less than the total thickness of the glass panel with air interlayer or vacuum interlayer. The fire-resistant module includes a shape-maintaining system made of fire-resistant profiles to keep the glass panel in place even after both the window frame and glass frame are burned, and fire-resistant expansion strips that play different roles in different locations. The shape-maintaining system includes clamps for holding the glass panel. The fire-resistant expansion strips are installed inside the main profiles, between the window frame and glass frame, and between the clamps and the folding plate. The outer main profile is made of a burnable material. Before being burned, the fire-resistant expansion strips inside the main profile prevent it from collapsing even if it softens. After being burned, the fire-resistant expansion strips inside the main profile, between the window frame and glass frame, and between the clamps and the folding plate are connected as one unit, pressing the clamps onto the glass panel. The fire-resistant expansion strip between the window frame and glass frame is divided into three parts, which are separated from each other and are respectively installed between the outer main profiles, between the connecting profiles, and between the inner main profiles. The three parts of the fire-resistant expansion strip between the window frame and glass frame are activated sequentially after being exposed to fire. The insulation module includes insulation filler material filled in the connecting profile and sealing strip set between the window frame and the glass frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the form-maintaining system includes a form-maintaining insert that bears the load, a window frame restraint strap to fix the two main profiles of the window frame to the form-maintaining insert to prevent the main profiles from rapidly yielding in a fire, a glass restraint strap to prevent the main profiles of the glass frame from rapidly yielding in a fire and to hold the glass panel in place after the glass frame is burned, and a glass support block to prevent the glass panel from falling off after the glass frame is burned; the form-maintaining insert is inserted into the main profile near the interior and connected as a rigid frame, and the rigid frame in the window frame is anchored to the wall of the door and window opening; the hinges and lock seats are both made of steel and are respectively connected to the two rigid frames. The window frame is detachably fixedly connected; the window frame restraint band is spaced along the outer periphery of the window frame and is detachably fixedly connected to the two main profiles of the window frame and the shape-maintaining insert in the window frame respectively; the glass restraint band is spaced along the inner periphery of the glass frame and is detachably fixedly connected to the two main profiles of the glass frame and the shape-maintaining insert in the glass frame respectively; the clamps are integrally formed with the glass restraint band; the glass support block is set at the bottom of the glass plate, and the glass support block is a hard block made of refractory material that does not pulverize after being burned. The glass support block is in direct contact with the bottom of the glass plate and is separated from the shape-maintaining insert only by a layer of the wall panel of the main profile.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting profile is a plate with its surface perpendicular to the wall where the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is located. Each connecting profile includes two plates, with the plates expanding on both sides and inserted into the two main profiles respectively. The heat-insulating filler is a flame-retardant modified polyurethane sponge filled between the two plates. There is a gap or a heat-insulating material padding at the position where the plates are inserted into the main profiles. There is a gap or a heat-insulating material padding between the window frame restraint strip and the glass restraint strip and the main profiles.

[0011] Furthermore, a gap is reserved between the window frame and the glass frame for installing sealing strips and fire-resistant expansion strips; the main profile has a hole wall extending into the window opening and protrusions for forming a reserved gap for installing window frame restraint strips; a padding material is filled between the glass frame and the glass plate; among the padding materials between the glass frame and the glass plate, the padding material located around the side of the glass plate is rock wool block mixed with fire-resistant expansion strips, and the remaining positions are fire-resistant cotton fiber strips.

[0012] Furthermore, the shape-maintaining insert is connected to a rigid frame via insert connecting corner brackets. The insert connecting corner brackets are respectively set at the inner corner of the inlay frame and the outer corner of the window frame. The insert connecting corner brackets are detachably and fixedly connected to the two main profiles of the inlay frame and the two main profiles of the window frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the cross-section of the shape-maintaining insert is U-shaped with the opening facing the outside, and a fire-resistant expansion strip is provided inside the shape-maintaining insert.

[0014] Furthermore, the sealing strip includes a main sealing strip that is respectively disposed on the connecting profile of the window frame and the connecting profile of the glass frame and interlocks with each other, and a self-tightening sealing strip disposed between the main profile of the window frame and the main profile of the glass frame and fixed on a main profile; two adjacent main profiles located in the window frame and the glass frame extend towards each other to form an airflow channel parallel to the wall where the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is located. The self-tightening sealing strip is a tongue and groove rubber strip disposed in the airflow channel. When the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is an inward-opening window, a baffle strip is provided in front of the tongue and groove rubber strip in the direction of bending driven by the airflow entering the room to block the tongue and groove rubber strip and form a seal. When the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is an outward-opening window, a baffle strip is provided in front of the tongue and groove rubber strip in the direction of bending driven by the airflow entering the outside to block the tongue and groove rubber strip and form a seal.

[0015] Furthermore, the main sealing strip is a pair of overlapping equal pressure rubber strips, and the overlapping surfaces of the equal pressure rubber strips are provided with protrusions to enhance the sealing effect.

[0016] Furthermore, the thermal insulation filler is arranged coplanarly with the cavity in the glass plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the main profile is made of aluminum alloy, the connecting profile is made of nylon, and all components in the shape maintenance system are made of stainless steel.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window of this invention, which is lightweight and easy to install, has the following advantages: In this invention, the inventors have overcome the misconceptions of existing fire-resistant window designs. Instead of ensuring that the window and glass frames are not damaged or maintaining their strength after being exposed to fire, the goal is to maintain their airtightness even after the window and glass frames are damaged. Guided by this principle, the glass panels are directly fixed to the door and window openings using a small number of newly added steel components, steel lock seats, and hinges. Fire-resistant expansion strips, like inflating balloons, prevent the window and glass frames from collapsing for an extended period before they are burned, and fill and seal the voids left after the window and glass frames are burned. Since it is not necessary to maintain the strength of the window and glass frames after being exposed to fire, the number of newly added steel components is minimal. Since it is not necessary to protect the integrity of the main body of the window and glass frames, fire-resistant grouting material is not required. The entire window is very lightweight and easy to install. In this invention, because the components required for fire resistance and insulation are small and few, they can be made into modular components that can be added and removed at any time. This makes the windows of this invention extremely versatile (components that are not easily replaced, such as window frames and glass frames, are completely universal, while other components can be added and removed as needed). They can be made using a variety of common window building materials and can meet the usage requirements of various windows. This brings great convenience to architectural design, building material processing, building material procurement, material management, and on-site installation, and they can be easily modified. At the same time, they are lightweight and have a high upper limit for insulation performance (because there are no material restrictions), making them suitable for ultra-low energy consumption buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window according to the present invention. The upper part of the diagram is the fire-exposed side (outdoor), and the lower part is the fire-resistant side (indoor). Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation method of window frame restraint strips and mortise connectors. The left side of the diagram is the fire-exposed side (outdoor), and the right side is the fire-resistant side (indoor). Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation method of glass restraint strips and glass support blocks. The left side of the diagram is the fire-exposed side (outdoor), and the right side is the fire-resistant side (indoor). In the diagram, 11-main profile, 12-connecting profile, 2-glass plate, 31-lock seat, 32-hinge, 4-insulation filler, 51-main sealing strip, 52-self-tightening sealing strip, 61-shape-maintaining insert, 62-insert connecting bracket, 63-window frame restraint strip, 64-glass restraint strip, 65-glass support block, 7-fireproof expansion strip. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In this invention, "burnt" refers to the complete loss of strength after being exposed to fire, and the inability to occupy the position it occupied before being exposed to fire, resulting in a void in the position it occupied before being exposed to fire. In addition to complete melting, being softened and collapsed or having holes melted out is also recorded as burnt.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window includes a window frame, a glass frame, a glass panel 2 embedded in the glass frame, and a lock seat 31 and a hinge 32 disposed between the window frame and the glass frame. The window frame and the glass frame are both assembled from three layers of hollow profiles that are in line contact with each other. The three layers of hollow profiles are arranged from the inside to the outside. The hollow profile in the middle is referred to as the connecting profile 12, and the other two layers of hollow profiles are referred to as the main profiles 11. The main profiles 11 on the outer layer of the glass frame extend towards the glass panel 2 and form a folded plate that wraps around the edge of the glass panel 2. A gap is left between the folded plate and the glass panel 2. The three-layer hollow profile here serves two purposes: first, to leave space inside for the installation of various new components, and second, to break the thermal bridge; while the folded plate is for installing the fireproof expansion strip 7 to seal the gaps around the glass plate 2.

[0022] The fire-resistant and heat-insulating window also includes a fire-resistant module installed when there is a fire-resistant module and a heat-insulating module installed when there is a heat-insulating requirement. The fire-resistant and heat-insulating window has a reserved gap for installing the fire-resistant module and the heat-insulating module. The glass panel 2 is fireproof glass when there is a fire resistance requirement and has an air interlayer or vacuum interlayer when there is a heat-insulating requirement. The width of the glass inlay groove in the glass frame is not less than the total thickness of the glass panel 2 with the air interlayer or vacuum interlayer.

[0023] When ordinary glass is used and no modules are added, it is a regular window; When fire-resistant modules are installed and Class C fire-resistant glass is used, it is a fire-resistant window; When an insulation module is added and glass with air or vacuum interlayer is used, it is an insulated window; When fire-resistant modules and insulation modules are installed at the same time and multi-layer Class C fireproof glass is used, it is a fire-resistant and heat-insulating window; When the main profile 11 of the fire-resistant window and the fire-resistant expansion strip 7 on the back of the clamp are replaced with fire-resistant injection material and composite fire-resistant glass is used, it is a fire-resistant window; when an insulation module is added to the fire-resistant window, it is a fire-resistant and heat-insulating window.

[0024] The fire-resistant module includes a shape-maintaining system made of fire-resistant profiles (profiles that do not soften / melt after being burned by ordinary fire, such as steel or cermet) to keep the glass panel 2 in place even after both the window frame and glass frame have been burned, and fire-resistant expansion strips 7 that play different roles in different locations; the shape-maintaining system includes clamps for holding the glass panel 2; the fire-resistant expansion strips 7 are installed inside the main profile 11, between the window frame and glass frame, and between the clamps and the folding plate, and the outer main profile 11 is made of a burnable material, which, before being burned, allows the glass panel 2 to remain in place. The fire-resistant expansion strip 7 inside the main profile 11 prevents it from collapsing even if it softens from burning. After being burned, the fire-resistant expansion strip 7 inside the main profile 11, between the window frame and the glass frame, and between the clamp and the folding plate are connected as one unit, and the clamp presses the glass plate 2. The fire-resistant expansion strip 7 between the window frame and the glass frame is divided into three parts, which are separated from each other and are respectively installed between the outer main profiles 11, between the connecting profiles 12, and between the inner main profiles 11. The three parts of the fire-resistant expansion strip 7 between the window frame and the glass frame are activated in sequence after being exposed to fire. The fire-resistant expansion strip 7 here is a type of fire-resistant strip that can expand dozens of times its original size upon contact with fire, thereby sealing gaps. In this embodiment, three lines of defense are constructed using the fire-resistant expansion strips 7: the fire-resistant expansion strips 7 between the outer main profiles 11, the fire-resistant expansion strips 7 between the connecting profiles 12, and the fire-resistant expansion strips 7 between the inner main profiles 11. Used in conjunction with the three layers of profiles, since there is only line contact between the three layers and the fire-resistant expansion strips 7 are separate, fire will not burn all three layers and the fire-resistant expansion strips 7 at once. Only one layer will be burned at a time, and immediately after each layer is burned, the corresponding fire-resistant expansion strip 7 will expand to fill the gap, preventing fire and smoke from penetrating further and preventing the flames from burning the next layer. By utilizing this layered blocking method, only one layer of components is exposed to the flame and consumed at a time, avoiding the rapid consumption of all components upon contact with the flame, thus extending the fire resistance time. The test results show that the outermost layer of defense alone is sufficient to prevent fire and smoke from entering the room for one hour.

[0025] Note that the outermost main profile 11 is made of materials such as aluminum alloy or PVC, which are easily burned. It does not have a shape-maintaining insert 61 inside, so that after the outermost main profile 11 is burned, a complete cavity is left. This cavity is completely filled by the fire-resistant expansion strip 7, keeping the fire out and providing heat insulation. If the outermost main profile 11 cannot be burned, this effect will not be achieved. The fire-resistant window in this embodiment undergoes the following changes after being exposed to fire: Stage 1: The outer main profile 11 is softened by the fire, and the fire-resistant expansion strips 7 expand. The fire-resistant expansion strips 7 inside the main profile 11 expand and support the softened main profile 11, keeping it in place without falling or deforming. The fire-resistant expansion strips 7 between the main profiles 11 fill the gaps, and the fire-resistant expansion strips 7 on the back of the clamps press down on the clamps. Here, the fire-resistant expansion strips 7 greatly delay the time when the outer main profile 11 is burned. Stage 2: The outer main profile 11 is burned, and all the outer fireproof expansion strips 7 are fused together to form a porous protective layer. This process can last for a very long time. The total time used for Stage 1 and Stage 2 exceeds one hour, which is sufficient to meet fire protection requirements. In a typical fire, the fire is extinguished before Stage 3 because the combustible material is burned out. The later stages are a safety margin. Stage 3: The outer fireproof expansion strip 7 is gradually consumed, and the middle fireproof expansion strip 7 expands and fuses with the thermal insulation filler 4. In this embodiment, the thermal insulation filler 4 is also fire-resistant, so this process takes about the same amount of time as Stage 2. Stage 4: The middle layer of fire-resistant expansion strips 7 are gradually consumed, and the inner layer of fire-resistant expansion strips 7 expands, supporting the softened main profile 11 and filling the gaps between the inner main profiles 11; similar to stage 1, here the fire-resistant expansion strips 7 greatly delay the time when the inner main profiles 11 are burned. Stage 5: The inner main profile 11 is burned, and then the inner fireproof expansion strip 7 is gradually consumed. This process takes about the same amount of time as Stage 2. Stage 6: Only the shape of the insert 61 remains. Smoke begins to enter the room, the fireproof window fails, but the glass remains in place and blocks the flames.

[0026] The insulation module includes insulation filler 4 filled in the connecting profile 12 and a sealing strip placed between the window frame and the glass frame. These are used to interrupt convective heat transfer and achieve a seal, so they do not need to be too large. Heat conduction is interrupted by the glass plate 2 and multiple layers of thermally bridge-free profiles.

[0027] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the shape retention system includes a shape retention insert 61 that bears the force, a window frame restraint strip 63 for fixing the two main profiles 11 of the window frame to the shape retention insert 61 to prevent the main profiles 11 from yielding quickly in the fire, a glass restraint strip 64 for preventing the main profiles 11 of the glass frame from yielding quickly in the fire and for clamping the glass plate 2 after the glass frame is burned, and a glass support block 65 for preventing the glass plate 2 from falling after the glass frame is burned.

[0028] The form-maintaining insert 61 is inserted into the main profile 11 near the interior and connected as a rigid frame. The rigid frame within the window frame is anchored to the wall of the window / door opening. Both the hinge 32 and the lock seat 31 are made of steel and are detachably fixed to the two rigid frames. This integrates the two rigid frames, ensuring that the glass panel 2 remains in place even if the window and glass frames are melted. The outer form-maintaining insert 61 needs to be fixed to the wall opening to ensure it doesn't fall over even after the entire window and glass frames are destroyed. The specific fixing method can be chosen according to the site conditions; for example, a connecting rod extending through the main profile 11 can be used for fixing.

[0029] Window frame restraint strips 63 are spaced along the outer perimeter of the window frame and are detachably and fixedly connected to the two main profiles 11 of the window frame and the shape-maintaining inserts 61 in the window frame, respectively. Glass restraint strips 64 are spaced along the inner perimeter of the glass frame and are detachably and fixedly connected to the two main profiles 11 of the glass frame and the shape-maintaining inserts 61 in the glass frame, respectively. These window frame restraint strips 63 and glass restraint strips 64, together with fire-retardant filler, allow the window and glass frames to remain upright even if softened by heat, preventing subsequent components from directly contacting open flames before they are completely melted, and also making the entire window and glass frames more stable.

[0030] The clamps and glass restraint band 64 are integrally formed; the function of the clamps here is to prevent the glass panel 2 from falling after the glass frame is burned. Generally, a clamp is required on both the indoor and outdoor sides of the glass panel 2. In this embodiment, since there are other fire-resistant components blocking the indoor side of the glass panel 2, and due to the layers of resistance, it is difficult for the flame to spread into the room, the clamps are set on the outdoor side of the glass panel 2.

[0031] A glass support block 65 is installed at the bottom of the glass panel 2. The glass support block 65 is a hard block made of refractory material that will not pulverize after being burned. The glass support block 65 is in direct contact with the bottom of the glass panel 2 and is separated from the shape-maintaining insert 61 only by a wall panel of the main profile 11. After the window frame and glass frame are burned, the connection between the two rigid frames is only the lock seat 31 and the hinge 32. It is unsafe for the weight of the glass panel 2 to be borne entirely by the lock seat 31 and the hinge 32, which may be burned by fire. Therefore, a glass support block 65 needs to be installed below. This glass support block 65 must be hard and will not be burned into powder (refractory fiber padding may be burned into powder after being burned, such as rock wool) to prevent the glass from falling and shattering upon contact with metal.

[0032] The connecting profile 12 is a plate with its surface perpendicular to the wall where the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is located. Each connecting profile 12 includes two plates, with expansions on both sides that insert into two main profiles 11. The insulation filler 4 is a flame-retardant modified polyurethane foam filled between the two plates. A gap is left or insulation material is used where the plates are inserted into the main profiles 11. Similarly, a gap is left or insulation material is used between the window frame restraint strip 63 and the glass restraint strip 64 and the main profiles 11. In this embodiment, the plates are low-thermal-conductivity plastic profiles such as PA66 nylon thermal insulation strips, which will not form cold bridges. However, if high-thermal-conductivity profiles such as aluminum alloy are used, a certain gap must be left or insulation material must be used where the plates are inserted into the main profiles 11 to prevent cold bridges. Similarly, a certain gap must also be left or insulation material must be used between the window frame restraint strip 63 and the glass restraint strip 64 and the main profiles 11.

[0033] A gap is reserved between the window frame and the glass frame for installing sealing strips and fire-resistant expansion strips 7; the main profile 11 has a hole wall extending into the window opening and protrusions for forming a reserved gap for installing the window frame restraint strip 63; a spacer is filled between the glass frame and the glass panel 2; the spacer is set here to ensure that there is a gap between the glass frame and the glass panel 2, so as to ensure that there is installation space when the glass restraint strip 64 and the glass support block 65 need to be installed, and that it can be installed smoothly when choosing to install glass that is thinner than composite fireproof glass. Among the spacers between the glass frame and the glass panel 2, the spacer located around the side of the glass panel 2 is a rock wool block mixed with fire-resistant expansion strips 7, and the remaining space is a fire-resistant cotton fiber strip. Although these spacers cannot replace the glass support block 65, they will at least not burn and intensify the fire, and at the same time, they can stabilize the glass panel 2 for a certain period of time. The rock wool block mixed with fire-resistant expansion strips 7 can further clamp the glass panel 2 after being exposed to fire.

[0034] The form-maintaining insert 61 is connected to the rigid frame via insert connecting brackets 62. The insert connecting brackets 62 are respectively located at the inner corner of the frame and the outer corner of the window frame. The insert connecting brackets 62 are detachably and securely connected to the two main profiles 11 of the frame and the two main profiles 11 of the window frame. Here, the insert connecting brackets 62 not only connect the form-maintaining insert 61, but also function similarly to the window frame constraint band 63 and the glass constraint band 64.

[0035] The cross-section of the form-maintaining insert 61 is U-shaped with the opening facing outdoors, and a fire-resistant expansion strip 7 is installed inside the form-maintaining insert 61. The form-maintaining insert 61 does not block the fire-resistant expansion strip 7, but allows the fire-resistant expansion strip 7 to face the open flame directly, so that it can play its due role, and at the same time, it delays the contact of the form-maintaining insert 61, the last line of defense, with the open flame.

[0036] The sealing strip includes a main sealing strip 51 that is respectively installed on the connecting profile 12 of the window frame and the connecting profile 12 of the glass frame and interlocks with each other, and a self-tightening sealing strip 52 that is installed between the main profile 11 of the window frame and the main profile 11 of the glass frame and fixed on one main profile 11; two adjacent main profiles 11 located in the window frame and the glass frame respectively extend towards each other to form an airflow channel parallel to the wall where the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is located. The self-tightening sealing strip 52 is a tongue and groove rubber strip installed in the airflow channel. When the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is an inward-opening window, a baffle strip is provided in front of the tongue and groove rubber strip in the direction of bending driven by the airflow entering the room to block the tongue and groove rubber strip and form a seal; when the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is an outward-opening window, a baffle strip is provided in front of the tongue and groove rubber strip in the direction of bending driven by the airflow entering the outside to block the tongue and groove rubber strip and form a seal.

[0037] The self-tightening sealing strip 52 enhances the sealing effect regardless of whether the indoor or outdoor air pressure is high. In this embodiment, the window is an inward-opening window. When the indoor air pressure is high, the glass frame presses tightly against the window frame, enhancing the sealing effect. When the outdoor air pressure is high, the airflow between the glass frame and the window frame causes the tongue-and-groove rubber strip to press against the sealing strip, further enhancing the sealing effect.

[0038] The main sealing strip 51 consists of a pair of overlapping equal pressure rubber strips, with protrusions on the overlapping surfaces of the equal pressure rubber strips to enhance the sealing effect.

[0039] The thermal insulation filler 4 is arranged coplanarly with the cavity in the glass plate 2 to reduce heat loss.

[0040] The main profile 11 is made of aluminum alloy, the connecting profile 12 is made of nylon, and all components in the shape maintenance system are made of stainless steel.

[0041] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window, comprising a window frame, a glass frame, a glass panel (2) embedded in the glass frame, and a lock seat (31) and hinges (32) disposed between the window frame and the glass frame, characterized in that: The window frame and the glass frame are both made of three layers of hollow profiles that are in line contact with each other. The three layers of hollow profiles are arranged from the inside to the outside. The hollow profile in the middle is called the connecting profile (12), and the other two layers of hollow profiles are called the main profiles (11). The main profile (11) of the outer layer of the glass frame extends towards the glass plate (2) and forms a folded plate that covers the edge of the glass plate (2). There is a gap between the folded plate and the glass plate (2). The fire-resistant and heat-insulating window also includes a fire-resistant module and a heat-insulating module. The fire-resistant and heat-insulating window has a gap reserved for installing the fire-resistant module and the heat-insulating module. The glass plate (2) is fireproof glass and has an air interlayer or a vacuum interlayer. The width of the glass inlay groove in the glass frame is not less than the total thickness of the glass plate (2) with the air interlayer or vacuum interlayer. The fire-resistant module includes a shape-maintaining system made of fire-resistant profiles to keep the glass panel (2) in place even after both the window frame and the glass frame are burned, and fire-resistant expansion strips (7) that play different roles in different positions; the shape-maintaining system includes clamps for holding the glass panel (2); the fire-resistant expansion strips (7) are arranged inside the main profile (11), between the window frame and the glass frame, and between the clamps and the folding plate, and the outer main profile (11) is kept in place by the fire-resistant expansion strips (7) inside the main profile (11) before it is burned. Even if the body is softened by fire, it will not fall down. After being burned, the fire-resistant expansion strips (7) inside the main profile (11), between the window frame and the glass frame, and between the clamp and the folding plate are connected as one unit and the clamp is pressed on the glass plate (2). The fire-resistant expansion strips (7) between the window frame and the glass frame are divided into three parts. The three parts are separated from each other and are respectively set between the outer main profiles (11), between the connecting profiles (12), and between the inner main profiles (11). The three fire-resistant expansion strips (7) between the window frame and the glass frame are activated in sequence after being exposed to fire. The insulation module includes insulation filler (4) filled in the connecting profile (12) and sealing strip disposed between the window frame and the glass frame; The shape-maintaining system includes a shape-maintaining insert (61) that bears the load, a window frame restraint strip (63) for fixing the two main profiles (11) of the window frame to the shape-maintaining insert (61) to prevent the main profiles (11) from rapidly yielding in the fire, a glass restraint strip (64) for preventing the main profiles (11) of the glass frame from rapidly yielding in the fire and for clamping the glass plate (2) after the glass frame is burned, and a glass support block (65) for preventing the glass plate (2) from falling off after the glass frame is burned; the shape-maintaining insert (61) is inserted into the main profile (11) near the interior and connected as a rigid frame, and the rigid frame in the window frame is anchored to the wall of the door and window opening, the hinge (32) and the lock seat (31) are both made of steel and are detachably fixed to the two rigid frames respectively; so as to ensure that the shape-maintaining insert (61) does not fall down even after the entire window frame and glass frame are burned; The window frame restraint band (63) is spaced along the outer periphery of the window frame and is detachably fixed to the two main profiles (11) of the window frame and the shape-maintaining insert (61) in the window frame respectively; the glass restraint band (64) is spaced along the inner periphery of the glass frame and is detachably fixed to the two main profiles (11) of the glass frame and the shape-maintaining insert (61) in the glass frame respectively; the clamps are integrally formed with the glass restraint band (64); the glass bottom block (65) is set at the bottom of the glass plate (2); the glass bottom block (65) is a hard block made of refractory material that does not pulverize after burning; the glass bottom block (65) is in direct contact with the bottom of the glass plate (2) and is separated from the shape-maintaining insert (61) by only one layer of the wall panel of the main profile (11); All components in the shape maintenance system are made of stainless steel. The glass frame and the glass plate (2) are filled with padding material. Among the padding material between the glass frame and the glass plate (2), the padding material located around the side of the glass plate (2) is rock wool block mixed with fire-resistant expansion strips. After being exposed to fire, the rock wool block mixed with fire-resistant expansion strips further clamps the glass plate (2). The outer main profile (11) is made of aluminum alloy or plastic steel, and there is no shape-maintaining insert (61) inside. After the outermost main profile (11) is burned, a complete cavity is left. All the fire-resistant expansion strips (7) of the outer layer are fused together to form a porous protective layer. The cavity is completely filled by the fire-resistant expansion strips (7), which keep the fire out and provide heat insulation. If the outer main profile (11) cannot be burned, this effect cannot be achieved. The outside is the fire-exposed side, and the inside is the fire-resistant side. The cross-section of the shape-maintaining insert (61) is a U-shape with the opening facing the outside. The shape-maintaining insert (61) is equipped with fire-resistant expansion strips (7). The thermal insulation filler (4) is a fire-resistant thermal insulation filler; after the outer fireproof expansion strip (7) is completely consumed, the middle fireproof expansion strip (7) expands and fuses with the thermal insulation filler (4); The shape-maintaining insert (61) is connected to a rigid frame by insert connecting corner brackets (62). The insert connecting corner brackets (62) are respectively set at the inner corner of the inlay frame and the outer corner of the window frame. The insert connecting corner brackets (62) are detachably fixed to the two main profiles (11) of the inlay frame and detachably fixed to the two main profiles (11) of the window frame.

2. The lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting profile (12) is a plate with its surface perpendicular to the wall where the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is located. Each connecting profile (12) includes two plates. The plates are expanded on both sides and inserted into the two main profiles (11) respectively. The heat-insulating filler (4) is a flame-retardant modified polyurethane sponge filled between the two plates. There is a gap or a heat-insulating material at the position where the plates are inserted into the main profiles (11). There is a gap or a heat-insulating material between the window frame restraint strip (63) and the glass restraint strip (64) and the main profiles (11).

3. The lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the window frame and the glass frame is reserved for the installation of sealing strips and fire-resistant expansion strips (7); the main profile (11) has a hole wall extending into the window opening and a protrusion for forming a reserved gap for the installation of window frame restraint strips (63); in the padding material between the glass frame and the glass plate (2), the position outside the rock wool block is fire-resistant cotton fiber strip.

4. The lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing strip includes a main sealing strip (51) that is respectively installed on the connecting profile (12) of the window frame and the connecting profile (12) of the glass frame and interlocks with each other, and a self-tightening sealing strip (52) that is installed between the main profile (11) of the window frame and the main profile (11) of the glass frame and fixed on a main profile (11); two adjacent main profiles (11) located in the window frame and the glass frame respectively extend towards each other to form an airflow channel parallel to the wall where the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is located. The self-tightening sealing strip (52) is a tongue and groove rubber strip installed in the airflow channel. When the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is an inward opening window, a baffle strip is provided in front of the tongue and groove rubber strip in the direction of bending driven by the airflow entering the room to block the tongue and groove rubber strip to form a seal. When the fire-resistant and heat-insulating window is an outward opening window, a baffle strip is provided in front of the tongue and groove rubber strip in the direction of bending driven by the airflow entering the outside to block the tongue and groove rubber strip to form a seal.

5. A lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main sealing strip (51) is a pair of overlapping equal pressure rubber strips, and the overlapping surfaces of the equal pressure rubber strips are provided with protrusions to enhance the sealing effect.

6. The lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation filler (4) is coplanar with the cavity in the glass plate (2).

7. The lightweight and easy-to-install modular fire-resistant and heat-insulating window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting profile (12) is made of nylon.

Images