A dual-polarized metasurface unit and metasurface
By employing a rotationally symmetric dipole patch structure and a sector filter design, the problems of high cost and complex layout of high-frequency dual-polarized metasurfaces are solved, achieving efficient independent dual-polarization control and symmetric design, which is suitable for high-frequency wireless communication.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PENG CHENG LAB
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing dual-polarized independently tunable metasurfaces are costly, have a compact structure leading to complex layouts, are difficult to design for AC/DC filtering, and have expensive components.
It adopts a rotationally symmetric first and second dipole patch structure, combined with two active devices to achieve independent dual-polarization control. The cost is reduced and the compactness and symmetry are improved through rotational symmetry design and fan-shaped filter structure, making it suitable for high-frequency wireless communication.
It achieves independent 1-bit reflection phase modulation of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves, reduces costs, improves structural compactness and symmetry, and is suitable for high-frequency wireless communication scenarios.
Smart Images
Figure CN117096618B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a dual-polarized metasurface unit and a metasurface. Background Technology
[0002] The concept of programmable metasurfaces has garnered significant attention from researchers since its inception, resulting in numerous research achievements in recent years. However, the majority of current work remains focused on linear polarization research in low-frequency bands. Facing the high-frequency wireless communication scenarios of the post-5G and 6G era, researching millimeter-wave programmable metasurfaces with independent dual-polarization control is of paramount importance. On one hand, independently controllable dual-polarization metasurfaces can utilize polarization diversity and multiplexing techniques to support multi-channel parallel communication tasks, effectively improving metasurface aperture utilization and communication system capacity. On the other hand, to meet the demands of higher speeds, greater bandwidth, and larger capacity communication, the millimeter-wave band, with its richer spectrum resources, is an essential path for the development of the communications industry.
[0003] Among the published works on programmable metasurfaces, research involving dual polarization and millimeter waves is relatively limited. Some works involving independent dual polarization control primarily employ a solution with four diodes per cell to construct a completely symmetrical and independent 1-bit state. This approach suffers from two main problems: first, the overall cost is high due to the expensive components; second, as frequency bands evolve, the smaller cell size and more compact structure result in a large number of DC control lines, complex layout and wiring, and significant challenges in AC / DC filtering design. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a dual-polarized metasurface unit and a metasurface, which aims to achieve independent 1-bit reflection phase modulation of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves, effectively reducing costs while achieving a highly compact and symmetrical design, suitable for high-frequency wireless communication application scenarios.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a dual-polarized metasurface unit, comprising a resonant patch layer, which includes a first dipole patch structure and a second dipole patch structure. The first dipole patch structure is used to respond to X-polarized incident electromagnetic wave response, extending along the X-axis and including two first metal patches spaced apart in the X-axis direction and a first active device connected between the two first metal patches. The second dipole patch structure is used to respond to Y-polarized incident electromagnetic wave response, extending along the Y-axis and including two second metal patches spaced apart in the Y-axis direction and a second active device connected between the two second metal patches. The first dipole patch structure has a first axis of symmetry along the X-axis, and the second dipole patch structure has a second axis of symmetry along the Y-axis. The first and second dipole patch structures are rotationally symmetric structures, with their rotational symmetry center being the intersection of the first and second axes of symmetry.
[0006] Optionally, the two segments of the first metal patch have an axis of symmetry along the Y-axis direction. One segment of the first metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along the negative direction of its axis of symmetry, the Y-axis, and provides a first DC control line via at the end of the metal strip. The other segment of the first metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along the positive direction of its axis of symmetry, the Y-axis, and provides a first DC grounding via at the end of the metal strip.
[0007] The two segments of the second metal patch have an axis of symmetry along the X-axis direction. One segment of the second metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along the positive direction of its axis of symmetry, the X-axis, and provides a second DC control line via at the end of the metal strip. The other segment of the second metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along the negative direction of its axis of symmetry, the X-axis, and provides a second DC grounding via at the end of the metal strip.
[0008] The metal strips of the first metal patch and the second metal patch are rotationally symmetric structures, with their rotational symmetry center being the intersection of the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry.
[0009] Optionally, both the first metal patch and the second metal patch are rectangular metal patches with chamfered corners.
[0010] Optionally, the dual-polarized metasurface unit further includes a DC control circuit layer, and the dual-polarized metasurface unit further includes, in sequence, a first dielectric layer, an RF ground layer, a first PP layer, a filter layer, a second dielectric layer, a DC ground layer, and a second PP layer between the resonant patch layer and the DC control circuit layer.
[0011] Optionally, the filtering layer includes:
[0012] The first metal filter structure is connected to the first DC control line via;
[0013] The second metal filter structure is connected to the first DC grounding via.
[0014] The third metal filter structure is connected to the second DC control line via; and...
[0015] The fourth metal filter structure is connected to the second DC grounding via.
[0016] Optionally, the first metal filter structure, the second metal filter structure, the third metal filter structure, and the fourth metal filter structure are all fan-shaped structures, and the central ends of the first metal filter structure, the second metal filter structure, the third metal filter structure, and the fourth metal filter structure are respectively connected to the first DC control line via, the first DC ground via, the second DC control line via, and the second DC ground via.
[0017] The first metal filter structure and the third metal filter structure are rotationally symmetric structures, and their rotational symmetry center is the intersection of the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry.
[0018] The second metal filter structure and the fourth metal filter structure are rotationally symmetric structures, and their rotational symmetry center is the intersection of the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry.
[0019] Optionally, the radio frequency ground layer has four first windows, and the DC ground layer has two second windows. The first DC ground via and the second DC ground via pass through the two first windows respectively and are connected to the DC ground layer. The first DC control line via and the second DC control line via pass through the other two first windows and the two second windows respectively and are connected to the DC control line layer.
[0020] Optionally, the DC control circuit layer includes a first DC control circuit layer and a second DC control circuit layer, and the dual-polarized metasurface unit further includes a third dielectric layer sandwiched between the first DC control circuit layer and the second DC control circuit layer. The first DC control line via is connected to the first DC control circuit layer, and the second DC control line via is connected to the second DC control circuit layer.
[0021] Optionally, the first active device and the second active device include PIN diodes.
[0022] The present invention also provides a metasurface comprising a plurality of bipolar metasurface units arranged in a periodic array, wherein the bipolar metasurface units are as described above.
[0023] In the technical solution of this invention, the first dipole patch structure and the second dipole patch structure are rotationally symmetric structures. The first dipole patch structure corresponds to the X-polarized incident electromagnetic wave response, and the second dipole patch structure corresponds to the Y-polarized incident electromagnetic wave response. The on or off state of the first active device corresponds to the 180-degree reflection phase and 0-degree reflection phase of X-polarization, and the on or off state of the second active device corresponds to the 180-degree reflection phase and 0-degree reflection phase of Y-polarization. The on or off states of the first and second active devices do not affect each other, realizing independent dual-polarization control. The unit only needs to be configured with two active devices to realize independent 1-bit reflection phase modulation of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves. While effectively reducing costs, it achieves a highly compact and symmetrical design, adapting to high-frequency wireless communication application scenarios. Attached Figure Description
[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the metasurface provided in this application;
[0026] Figure 2 A structural perspective view of an embodiment of the dual-polarized metasurface unit provided in this application;
[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a dual-polarized metasurface unit in a medium;
[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the resonant patch layer of the dual-polarized metasurface unit;
[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the filter layer structure of the dual-polarized metasurface unit;
[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the reflection amplitude and reflection phase of X-polarized incident electromagnetic waves by a dual-polarized metasurface unit.
[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the reflection amplitude and reflection phase of a Y-polarized incident electromagnetic wave by a dual-polarized metasurface unit.
[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of independent beam manipulation of incident electromagnetic waves on a dual-polarized plane by a metasurface.
[0033] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0034]
[0035] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0037] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0038] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.
[0039] The concept of programmable metasurfaces has garnered significant attention from researchers since its inception, resulting in numerous research achievements in recent years. However, the majority of current work remains focused on linear polarization research in low-frequency bands. Facing the high-frequency wireless communication scenarios of the post-5G and 6G era, researching millimeter-wave programmable metasurfaces with independent dual-polarization control is of paramount importance. On one hand, independently controllable dual-polarization metasurfaces can utilize polarization diversity and multiplexing techniques to support multi-channel parallel communication tasks, effectively improving metasurface aperture utilization and communication system capacity. On the other hand, to meet the demands of higher speeds, greater bandwidth, and larger capacity communication, the millimeter-wave band, with its richer spectrum resources, is an essential path for the development of the communications industry.
[0040] Among the published works on programmable metasurfaces, research involving dual polarization and millimeter waves is relatively limited. Some works involving independent dual polarization control primarily employ a solution with four diodes per cell to construct a completely symmetrical and independent 1-bit state. This approach suffers from two main problems: first, the overall cost is high due to the expensive components; second, as frequency bands evolve, the smaller cell size and more compact structure result in a large number of DC control lines, complex layout and wiring, and significant challenges in AC / DC filtering design.
[0041] In view of this, the present invention provides a dual-polarized metasurface unit and a metasurface, which aims to achieve independent 1-bit reflection phase modulation of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves, effectively reducing costs while achieving a highly compact and symmetrical design, suitable for high-frequency wireless communication application scenarios. Figures 1 to 8 An embodiment of the metasurface provided by the present invention.
[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 8 Please refer to the following: Figure 4The dual-polarized metasurface unit 100 includes a resonant patch layer 1, which includes a first dipole patch structure 11 and a second dipole patch structure 12. The first dipole patch structure 11 is used to respond to X-polarized incident electromagnetic waves and extends along the X-axis, including two first metal patches spaced apart in the X-axis direction and a first active device 101 connected between the two first metal patches. The second dipole patch structure 12 is used to respond to Y-polarized incident electromagnetic waves. The dipole patch structure 12 extends along the Y-axis and includes two second metal patches spaced apart in the Y-axis direction and a second active device 102 connected between the two second metal patches; wherein, the first dipole patch structure 11 has a first axis of symmetry N in the X-axis direction, the second dipole patch structure 12 has a second axis of symmetry M in the Y-axis direction, the first dipole patch structure 11 and the second dipole patch structure 12 are rotationally symmetric structures, and their rotational symmetry center K is the intersection of the first axis of symmetry N and the second axis of symmetry M.
[0043] In the technical solution of this invention, the first dipole patch structure 11 and the second dipole patch structure 12 are rotationally symmetric structures. The first dipole patch structure 11 corresponds to the X-polarized incident electromagnetic wave response, and the second dipole patch structure 12 corresponds to the Y-polarized incident electromagnetic wave response. The first active device 101 is in a conducting or disconnected state to correspond to the 180-degree reflection phase and 0-degree reflection phase of X-polarization, and the second active device 102 is in a conducting or disconnected state to correspond to the 180-degree reflection phase and 0-degree reflection phase of Y-polarization. The conducting or disconnected states of the first active device 101 and the second active device 102 do not affect each other, realizing independent dual-polarization control. The unit only needs to be configured with two active devices to realize independent 1-bit reflection phase modulation of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves. While effectively reducing costs, it achieves a highly compact and symmetrical design, adapting to high-frequency wireless communication application scenarios.
[0044] In this embodiment, the two first metal patches have an axis of symmetry along the Y-axis. One first metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along its negative Y-axis and has a first DC control line via 91 at the end of the metal strip. The other first metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along its positive Y-axis and has a first DC ground via 71 at the end of the metal strip. The two second metal patches have an axis of symmetry along the X-axis. One second metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along its positive X-axis and has a second DC control line via 92 at the end of the metal strip. The other second metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along its negative Y-axis and has a first DC ground via 92 at the end of the metal strip. A metal strip is drawn from the edge of the structure in the negative direction of the X-axis, and a second DC grounding via 72 is provided at the end of the metal strip. The metal strips of the first and second metal patches are rotationally symmetric structures, with their rotational symmetry center K being the intersection of the first axis of symmetry N and the second axis of symmetry M. This forms a DC line control circuit loading scheme that combines mirror symmetry (DC control lines are arranged on the central axes of the first and second metal patches) and rotational symmetry (the first dipole patch structure 11 and the second dipole patch structure 12, with the metal strips drawn out, are still rotationally symmetric structures), effectively improving the compactness and symmetry of the structural design. The following detailed explanation of this embodiment is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 4 One segment of the first metal patch (upper part in the figure) of the first dipole patch structure 11 has a metal strip extending from its axis of symmetry along the negative Y-axis (negative cross-polarization direction) and a first DC control line via 91 is provided. Due to the periodic design, the metal strip and the first DC control line via 91 occupy the space of the adjacent negative Y-axis unit (marked by the dotted line in the figure), while this unit provides space for the metal strip and the first DC control line via 91 of the adjacent positive Y-axis unit; the other segment of the first metal patch (lower part in the figure) has a metal strip extending from its axis of symmetry along the positive Y-axis (positive cross-polarization direction) and a first DC ground via 71 is provided; Rotationally symmetrical, the axis of symmetry of one segment of the second metal patch (left side of the figure) of the second dipole patch structure 12 extends along the positive X-axis (positive cross-polarization direction) and a metal strip is provided with a second DC control line via 92; the axis of symmetry of the other segment of the second metal patch (right side of the figure) of the second dipole patch structure 12 extends along the negative X-axis (negative cross-polarization direction) and a metal strip is provided with a second DC grounding via 72. Due to the periodic design, the metal strip and the second DC grounding via 72 occupy the space of the adjacent negative X-axis unit (marked by the dotted line in the figure), while this unit provides space for the metal strip and the second DC grounding via 72 of the adjacent positive X-axis unit.
[0045] To achieve both compactness and symmetry, in this embodiment, both the first and second metal patches are rectangular metal patches with chamfered corners. It is understood that the first dipole patch structure 11 and the second dipole patch structure 12 are rotationally symmetric structures. The chamfered corners on the first and second metal patches near their rotational symmetry center K prevent mutual interference, allowing for a more compact arrangement and improved structural compactness. Furthermore, the chamfered corners of the first and second metal patches, being isosceles right triangles of the same size, better ensure structural symmetry.
[0046] In this embodiment, see details. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The dual-polarized metasurface unit 100 further includes a DC control circuit layer 8. Between the resonant patch layer 1 and the DC control circuit layer 8, the dual-polarized metasurface unit 100 also includes a first dielectric layer 21, a radio frequency ground layer 3, a first PP layer 41, a filter layer 5, a second dielectric layer 22, a DC ground layer 6, and a second PP layer 42 in sequence. In this way, a multi-layer architecture of "resonant patch layer 1-radio frequency ground layer 3-filter layer 5-DC ground layer 6-DC control circuit layer 8" can be formed, which cuts off the AC (radio frequency) signal introduced by the DC line above the DC ground layer 6. That is, the circuit below the DC ground layer 6 does not affect the AC signal, which can be adapted to multi-layer integrated circuit design.
[0047] For details, please see Figure 5 The filter layer 5 includes a first metal filter structure 51 connected to the first DC control line via 91, a second metal filter structure 52 connected to the first DC ground via 71, a third metal filter structure 53 connected to the second DC control line via 92, and a fourth metal filter structure 54 connected to the second DC ground via 72. That is, filter structures are provided for both the DC control line and the DC ground line, which can take into account both AC / DC isolation and polarization isolation.
[0048] In this embodiment, the first metal filter structure 51, the second metal filter structure 52, the third metal filter structure 53, and the fourth metal filter structure 54 are all fan-shaped structures. The central ends of the first metal filter structure 51, the second metal filter structure 52, the third metal filter structure 53, and the fourth metal filter structure 54 are respectively connected to the first DC control line via 91, the first DC grounding via 71, the second DC control line via 92, and the second DC grounding via 72. The first metal filter structure 51 and the third metal filter structure 53 are rotationally symmetric structures, with their rotational symmetry center K being the intersection of the first axis of symmetry N and the second axis of symmetry M. The second metal filter structure 52 and the fourth metal filter structure 54 are also rotationally symmetric structures, with their rotational symmetry center K being the intersection of the first axis of symmetry N and the second axis of symmetry M. Thus, by providing the same fan-shaped filter structure for both the DC control line and the DC grounding line, AC / DC isolation is achieved, while further improving the overall symmetry and polarization isolation. The following is a detailed description of the attached diagram. Figure 5 To explain this embodiment in detail, the filter layer 5 of the dual-polarized metasurface unit 100 includes four fan-shaped metal filter structures. Due to the periodic design, the ends of the first metal filter structure 51 and the fourth metal filter structure 54 occupy adjacent unit space (as marked by dashed lines), and adjacent unit filter structures are set at corresponding periodic positions. The first metal filter structure 51 and the fourth metal filter structure 54 are respectively connected to the first DC control line via 91 and the second DC grounding via 72; the end of the second metal filter structure 52 is connected to the first DC grounding via 71, and the end of the third metal filter structure 53 is connected to the second DC control line via 92. By setting the same filter structure for both the DC control line and the DC grounding line, AC / DC isolation is achieved, while further improving the overall symmetry and polarization isolation.
[0049] In this embodiment, the radio frequency ground layer 3 is provided with four first windows (not marked in the figure, see appendix). Figure 2 The first DC grounding via 71, the second DC grounding via 72, the first DC control line via 91, and the second DC control line via 92 are located at the positions where they pass through the radio frequency ground layer 3. The DC ground layer 6 is provided with two second openings (not marked in the figure, see appendix). Figure 2In the DC control line via 91 and the second DC control line via 92 (at the positions where the DC ground layer 6 is installed), the first DC grounding via 71 and the second DC grounding via 72 pass through two first openings and are connected to the DC ground layer 6, respectively. The first DC control line via 91 and the second DC control line via 92 pass through two other first openings and two other second openings and are connected to the DC control line layer 8. Understandably, the diameter of the first window is larger than the diameters of the first DC grounding via 71, the second DC grounding via 72, the first DC control line via 91, and the second DC control line via 92, respectively, to prevent the first DC grounding via 71, the second DC grounding via 72, the first DC control line via 91, and the second DC control line via 92 from contacting the radio frequency ground layer 3 and forming a short circuit. The diameter of the second window is larger than the diameters of the first DC control line via 91 and the second DC control line via 92, respectively, to prevent the first DC control line via 91 and the second DC control line via 92 from contacting the DC ground layer 6 and forming a short circuit. Thus, the structure is compact and reliable.
[0050] In this embodiment, see Appendix Figure 2 and Figure 3 The DC control circuit layer 8 includes a first DC control circuit layer 81 and a second DC control circuit layer 82. The dual-polarized metasurface unit 100 further includes a third dielectric layer 23 sandwiched between the first DC control circuit layer 81 and the second DC control circuit layer 82. The first DC control line via 91 is connected to the first DC control circuit layer 81, and the second DC control line via 92 is connected to the second DC control circuit layer 82. In this way, the DC control lines in the X-polarization direction and the DC control lines in the Y-polarization direction are routed in separate layers, and the layout and wiring do not interfere with each other, making it more convenient.
[0051] The present invention does not limit the specific structure of the first active device 101 and the second active device 102, which can be varactor diodes, MEMS switches, vanadium dioxide, liquid crystals, etc.
[0052] In this embodiment, the first active device 101 and the second active device 102 are PIN diodes. Specifically, the positive terminal of the PIN diode of the first dipole patch structure 11 is connected to the first DC control line via 91, and the negative terminal of the PIN diode of the first dipole patch structure 11 is connected to the first DC ground via 71. The positive terminal of the PIN diode of the second dipole patch structure 12 is connected to the second DC control line via 92, and the negative terminal of the PIN diode of the second dipole patch structure 12 is connected to the second DC ground via 72. Dual polarization independent control is achieved by switching the states of the two PIN diodes.
[0053] The present invention also provides a metasurface 1000, comprising a plurality of dual-polarized metasurface units 100 arranged in a periodic array, wherein the dual-polarized metasurface units 100 are as described above, thereby enabling independent dynamic control of dual-polarized electromagnetic waves.
[0054] The dual-polarized metasurface unit 100 and metasurface 1000 of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a metasurface 1000, which is composed of a periodic array of 16×16 dual-polarized metasurface units 100. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the dual-polarized metasurface unit 100 is square. From top to bottom, the dual-polarized metasurface unit 100 consists of a resonant patch layer 1, a first dielectric layer 21, an RF ground layer 3, a first PP layer 41, a filter layer 5, a second dielectric layer 22, a DC ground layer 6, a second PP layer 42, a first DC control circuit layer 81 (i.e., the X-polarized DC control circuit layer), a third dielectric layer 23, and a first DC control circuit layer 81 (i.e., the Y-polarized DC control circuit layer). Among these, the resonant patch layer 1, the RF ground layer 3, the filter layer 5, the DC ground layer 6, the first DC control circuit layer 81, and the first DC control circuit layer 42 are... The control circuit layer 81 is made of copper and has a thickness of 0.018 mm. The first dielectric layer 21 has a thickness of 0.813 mm, and the second dielectric layer 22 and the third dielectric layer 23 have a thickness of 0.203 mm. The dielectric constants of the first dielectric layer 21, the second dielectric layer 22, and the third dielectric layer 23 are all 3.55, and the loss tangent is 0.0027. The first PP layer 41 and the second PP layer 42 have a thickness of 0.203 mm, and the dielectric constants of the first PP layer 41 and the second PP layer 42 are all 3.52, and the loss tangent is 0.0041.
[0056] Figure 6 , Figure 7The simulation results of the reflection amplitude and phase of the X-polarized and Y-polarized incident electromagnetic waves under periodic boundary conditions using the dual-polarized metasurface unit 100 of this embodiment are shown respectively. The results show that: X-polarization and Y-polarization are independently isolated, that is, changes in the X-polarization state have almost no effect on the Y-polarization state; in the 27GHz-29GHz frequency band, the reflection amplitude is within -0.65dB, and the phase difference of the reflection in the on / off state is 180°±30°.
[0057] Figure 8 The diagram shows the independent beam control of incident electromagnetic waves in the X-polarized and Y-polarized planes using the metasurface 1000 (16×16 array) at a frequency of 28 GHz.
[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A dual-polarized metasurface unit, characterized in that, The dual-polarized metasurface unit includes a resonant patch layer, the resonant patch layer comprising: A first dipole patch structure, used to respond to an X-polarized incident electromagnetic wave, extends along the X-axis and includes two first metal patches spaced apart in the X-axis direction and a first active device connected between the two first metal patches; and... The second dipole patch structure is used to respond to the Y-polarized incident electromagnetic wave. The second dipole patch structure extends along the Y-axis and includes two second metal patches spaced apart in the Y-axis direction and a second active device connected between the two second metal patches. The first dipole patch structure has a first axis of symmetry along the X-axis, and the second dipole patch structure has a second axis of symmetry along the Y-axis. The first dipole patch structure and the second dipole patch structure are rotationally symmetric structures, and their rotational symmetry center is the intersection of the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry.
2. The dual-polarized metasurface unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two segments of the first metal patch have an axis of symmetry along the Y-axis. One segment of the first metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along the negative direction of its axis of symmetry, the Y-axis, and provides a first DC control line via at the end of the metal strip. The other segment of the first metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along the positive direction of its axis of symmetry, the Y-axis, and provides a first DC grounding via at the end of the metal strip. The two segments of the second metal patch have an axis of symmetry along the X-axis direction. One segment of the second metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along the positive direction of its axis of symmetry, the X-axis, and provides a second DC control line via at the end of the metal strip. The other segment of the second metal patch extends a metal strip from the edge of the structure along the negative direction of its axis of symmetry, the X-axis, and provides a second DC grounding via at the end of the metal strip. The metal strips of the first metal patch and the second metal patch are rotationally symmetric structures, with their rotational symmetry center being the intersection of the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry.
3. The dual-polarized metasurface unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first metal patch and the second metal patch are rectangular metal patches with chamfered corners.
4. The dual-polarized metasurface unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The dual-polarized metasurface unit further includes a DC control circuit layer, and the dual-polarized metasurface unit also includes, in sequence between the resonant patch layer and the DC control circuit layer, a first dielectric layer, an RF ground layer, a first PP layer, a filter layer, a second dielectric layer, a DC ground layer, and a second PP layer.
5. The dual-polarized metasurface unit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The filtering layer includes: The first metal filter structure is connected to the first DC control line via; The second metal filter structure is connected to the first DC grounding via. The third metal filter structure is connected to the second DC control line via; and... The fourth metal filter structure is connected to the second DC grounding via.
6. The dual-polarized metasurface unit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first metal filter structure, the second metal filter structure, the third metal filter structure, and the fourth metal filter structure are all fan-shaped structures, and the center ends of the first metal filter structure, the second metal filter structure, the third metal filter structure, and the fourth metal filter structure are respectively connected to the first DC control line via, the first DC ground via, the second DC control line via, and the second DC ground via. The first metal filter structure and the third metal filter structure are rotationally symmetric structures, and their rotational symmetry center is the intersection of the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry. The second metal filter structure and the fourth metal filter structure are rotationally symmetric structures, and their rotational symmetry center is the intersection of the first axis of symmetry and the second axis of symmetry.
7. The dual-polarized metasurface unit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The radio frequency ground layer has four first windows, and the DC ground layer has two second windows. The first DC ground via and the second DC ground via pass through two of the first windows and are connected to the DC ground layer. The first DC control line via and the second DC control line via pass through the other two first windows and the other two second windows and are connected to the DC control line layer.
8. The dual-polarized metasurface unit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The DC control circuit layer includes a first DC control circuit layer and a second DC control circuit layer. The dual-polarized metasurface unit further includes a third dielectric layer sandwiched between the first DC control circuit layer and the second DC control circuit layer. The first DC control line via is connected to the first DC control circuit layer, and the second DC control line via is connected to the second DC control circuit layer.
9. The dual-polarized metasurface unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The first active device and the second active device include PIN diodes.
10. A metasurface, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of dual-polarized metasurface units arranged in a periodic array, wherein the dual-polarized metasurface units are as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.