A power-on protection circuit

Abstract

The application relates to a power-on protection circuit and relates to the technical field of gas stoves. In the circuit, an adapter power supply is connected with the first end of a first voltage dividing resistor, the source electrode of a field effect tube and the first end of a first protection resistor, the second end of the first protection resistor is connected with the gate electrode of the field effect tube; the second end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect tube, the first end of a second voltage dividing resistor and the first end of a switch, the second end of the switch is connected with the first end of an electric appliance, the second end of the electric appliance is grounded; the second end of the second voltage dividing resistor is connected with the base electrode of a triode and the first end of a third voltage dividing resistor, the collector electrode of the triode is connected with the gate electrode of the field effect tube, the emitter electrode is connected with the first end of a second protection resistor, the second end of the second protection resistor and the second end of the third voltage dividing resistor are grounded. The application can solve the problem that the electric appliance such as a gas stove is automatically started after power supply is restored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gas stove technology, and in particular to a power-on protection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, some household appliances on the market, lacking power-on protection, automatically resume operation after a power outage, potentially posing safety hazards. For example, gas stoves powered by adapters may continue to operate and supply gas after a power outage if the user fails to close the gas stove's valve. This could pose a fire or gas leak risk if the kitchen is unattended. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a power-on protection circuit to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0004] The circuit includes an adapter power supply, a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, a third voltage divider resistor, a first protection resistor, a second protection resistor, a field-effect transistor, a transistor, a switch, and an electrical appliance; wherein,

[0005] The adapter power supply is connected to the first terminal of the first voltage divider resistor, the source of the field-effect transistor, and the first terminal of the first protection resistor, and the second terminal of the first protection resistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor.

[0006] The second end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the drain of the field-effect transistor, the first end of the second voltage divider resistor, and the first end of the switch. The second end of the switch is connected to the first end of the appliance, and the second end of the appliance is grounded.

[0007] The second terminal of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the base of the transistor and the first terminal of the third voltage divider resistor. The collector of the transistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor, and the emitter is connected to the first terminal of the second protection resistor. The second terminal of the second protection resistor and the second terminal of the third voltage divider resistor are grounded.

[0008] When the switch is closed, if the adapter power supply is unexpectedly interrupted and then restored, the transistor is in the off state, the field-effect transistor is in the off state, the adapter power supply cannot supply power to the appliance through the field-effect transistor, and the appliance cannot be started.

[0009] As an optional implementation, when the switch is closed, the voltage difference between the base and emitter of the transistor after being divided by the first voltage divider resistor, the second voltage divider resistor, and the third voltage divider resistor is greater than 0.6V.

[0010] As an optional implementation, the adapter power supply voltage is 12V.

[0011] As an optional implementation, the first voltage divider resistor has a resistance of 100KΩ, the second voltage divider resistor has a resistance of 100KΩ, and the third voltage divider resistor has a resistance of 15KΩ.

[0012] As an optional implementation, the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are high-resistance resistors.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the resistance of the first protective resistor is 10KΩ and the resistance of the second protective resistor is 1KΩ.

[0014] As an optional implementation, the transistor is of type NPN.

[0015] As an optional implementation, the field-effect transistor is of type P.

[0016] As an optional implementation, the switch is a gas stove knob valve.

[0017] As an optional implementation, the electrical appliance is a gas stove ignition controller.

[0018] This application provides a power-on protection circuit. The circuit includes an adapter power supply, a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, a third voltage divider resistor, a first protection resistor, a second protection resistor, a field-effect transistor (FET), a transistor, a switch, and an electrical appliance. The adapter power supply is connected to the first terminal of the first voltage divider resistor, the source of the FET, and the first terminal of the first protection resistor. The second terminal of the first protection resistor is connected to the gate of the FET. The second terminal of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the drain of the FET, the first terminal of the second voltage divider resistor, and the first terminal of the switch. The second terminal of the switch is connected to the first terminal of the electrical appliance, and the second terminal of the electrical appliance is grounded. The second terminal of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the base of the transistor and the first terminal of the third voltage divider resistor. The collector of the transistor is connected to the gate of the FET, and the emitter is connected to the first terminal of the second protection resistor. The second terminals of the second protection resistor and the second terminal of the third voltage divider resistor are grounded. When the switch is closed, if the adapter power supply is unexpectedly interrupted and then restored, the transistor and the FET are both in a cutoff state. The adapter power supply cannot supply power to the electrical appliance through the FET, and the electrical appliance cannot be started. The technical solution provided by the embodiments of this application brings at least the following beneficial effects: When an appliance experiences an unexpected power outage, both the transistor and the field-effect transistor (FET) are in the off state. If the user does not turn off the appliance's switch, the switch remains closed. The appliance is connected in series with the first voltage-dividing resistor, and the second and third voltage-dividing resistors are connected in series and then in parallel with the appliance. After power is restored, the base voltage of the transistor is insufficient to turn it on, and the gate of the FET remains at a high level, preventing the FET from conducting. Since the first voltage-dividing resistor is a high-resistance resistor, the current is very small and insufficient to start the appliance. Furthermore, the FET is not conducting, thus preventing the appliance from starting. This solves the problem of appliances such as gas stoves automatically starting after power is restored.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power-on protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of another power-on protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an example power-on protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0025] The following will describe in detail a power-on protection circuit provided in the embodiments of this application, with reference to specific implementation methods. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power-on protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0026] The circuit includes an adapter power supply 110, a first voltage divider resistor 120, a second voltage divider resistor 130, a third voltage divider resistor 140, a first protection resistor 150, a second protection resistor 160, a field-effect transistor 170, a transistor 180, a switch 190, and an appliance 1100; wherein,

[0027] The adapter power supply 110 is connected to the first terminal of the first voltage divider resistor 120, the source S of the field-effect transistor 170, and the first terminal of the first protection resistor 150. The second terminal of the first protection resistor 150 is connected to the gate G of the field-effect transistor 170.

[0028] The second end of the first voltage divider resistor 120 is connected to the drain D of the field-effect transistor 170, the first end of the second voltage divider resistor 130 and the first end of the switch 190, the second end of the switch 190 is connected to the first end of the appliance 1100, and the second end of the appliance 1100 is grounded.

[0029] The second terminal of the second voltage divider resistor 130 is connected to the base B of the transistor 180 and the first terminal of the third voltage divider resistor 140. The collector C of the transistor 180 is connected to the gate G of the field-effect transistor 170. The emitter E is connected to the first terminal of the second protection resistor 160. The second terminal of the second protection resistor 160 and the second terminal of the third voltage divider resistor 140 are grounded.

[0030] When switch 190 is closed, if the adapter power supply 110 is unexpectedly disconnected and then restored, transistor 180 is in the off state and field-effect transistor 170 is in the off state. The adapter power supply 110 cannot supply power to the appliance 1100 through field-effect transistor 170, and the appliance 1100 cannot start.

[0031] In implementation, such as Figure 1As shown, after an unexpected power outage of the adapter power supply 110, both the field-effect transistor 170 and the transistor 180 are in the off state. If the user promptly turns off the appliance switch after the unexpected power outage (i.e., switch 190 is in the open state), then after power is restored, the circuit of appliance 1100 is in an open-circuit state. The voltage provided by the adapter power supply 110, after being divided by the first voltage divider resistor 120, the second voltage divider resistor 130, and the third voltage divider resistor 140, provides a voltage to the base G of the transistor 180. By controlling the on / off state of the transistor 180, the on / off state of the field-effect transistor 170 is indirectly controlled. Technicians can set the first voltage divider resistor 120 to 100KΩ, the second voltage divider resistor 130 to 100KΩ, the third voltage divider resistor 140 to 15KΩ, and the voltage of the adapter power supply 110 to 12V. Then, the voltage V at the base B of the transistor 180 will be... B The calculation method is as follows: V B =12×15÷(100+100+15)=0.84V. The base voltage (G) of transistor 180 is 0.84V, and transistor 180 is turned on, which pulls down the gate voltage (G) of field-effect transistor 170, causing field-effect transistor 170 to turn on. If the user turns on the appliance switch to prepare to use appliance 1100 at this time, that is, the user switches the switch 190 from the open state to the closed state, the current provided by the adapter power supply 190 can flow through the source (S) of the turned-on field-effect transistor 170 to the drain (D), thereby supplying power to appliance 1100 and starting appliance 1100. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another power-on protection circuit provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, after an unexpected power outage of the adapter power supply 110, both the field-effect transistor 170 and the transistor 180 are in the off state. If the user does not turn off the appliance switch after the unexpected power outage, i.e., switch 190 is in the closed state, then after the power supply is restored, the appliance 1100 can be equivalent to a resistor in the circuit. The resistance of the first voltage divider resistor 120 is very large, which can be 100KΩ, while the resistance of the appliance 1100 is much smaller than that of the first voltage divider resistor. Only a small amount of current can pass through the first voltage divider resistor 120. Therefore, the appliance 1100 cannot be powered through the first voltage divider resistor 120. Taking appliance 1100 with a resistance of 10KΩ as an example, a technician can set the first voltage divider resistor 120 to 100KΩ, the second voltage divider resistor 130 to 100KΩ, and the third voltage divider resistor 140 to 15KΩ. The voltage of the adapter power supply 110 is 12V. Therefore, the voltage across appliance 1100 = 12 × 10 ÷ (100 + 10) = 1.09V. The voltage between the first terminal of the second voltage divider resistor 130 and the second terminal of the third voltage divider resistor 140 is also 1.09V. The voltage V at the base B of transistor 180 is also... B The calculation method is as follows: V B=1.09×15÷(100+15)=0.14V. The base voltage (G) of transistor 180 is 0.14V, which is insufficient to turn on transistor 180. The gate voltage (G) of field-effect transistor 170 is the voltage of adapter power supply 110, so field-effect transistor 170 cannot conduct. Therefore, when power is restored, even if switch 190 is closed, because field-effect transistor 170 is not conducting, adapter power supply 110 still cannot supply power to appliance 1100. This ensures that after an accidental power outage and restoration of power, appliances such as gas stoves will not automatically restart, avoiding safety accidents. If the user wants to use appliance 1100 normally, simply turn off the appliance switch (i.e., switch the appliance switch to the off state) to turn on field-effect transistor 170, and then close switch 190 again to start appliance 1100 normally.

[0032] As an optional implementation, when switch 190 is closed, the voltage difference between the base and emitter of transistor 180 after voltage division by the first voltage divider resistor 120, the second voltage divider resistor 130 and the third voltage divider resistor 140 is greater than 0.6V.

[0033] As an optional implementation, the voltage of the adapter power supply 110 is 12V.

[0034] As an optional implementation, the first voltage divider resistor 120 has a resistance of 100KΩ, the second voltage divider resistor 130 has a resistance of 100KΩ, and the third voltage divider resistor 140 has a resistance of 15KΩ.

[0035] As an optional implementation, the first voltage divider resistor 120 and the second voltage divider resistor 130 are high-resistance resistors.

[0036] As an optional implementation, the first protection resistor 150 has a resistance of 10KΩ and the second protection resistor 160 has a resistance of 1KΩ.

[0037] As an optional implementation, the transistor 180 is of type NPN.

[0038] As an optional implementation, the field-effect transistor 170 is of type P.

[0039] As an alternative implementation, switch 190 is a gas stove knob valve.

[0040] As an optional implementation, appliance 1100 is a gas stove ignition controller.

[0041] Optional, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a power-on protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0042] Figure 3 Taking a gas stove as an example, when the rotary valve switch is off, the input voltage VCC (12V) is applied, and at this time, MOSFET Q1 is in the off state. VCC is divided by resistors R1, R3, and R4 to obtain a base voltage of 0.8V for Q2, which turns on the transistor Q2. The gate of MOSFET Q1 is pulled low, and MOSFET Q1 turns on, allowing the system to output voltage normally.

[0043] With the rotary valve closed and the input voltage VCC (12V), MOSFET Q1 is in the off state. Since the ignition controller has an equivalent small impedance of 10KΩ, the voltage across the load is approximately 1V. Therefore, the base voltage of transistor Q2 is 0.14V, and Q2 is in the off state. Because the gate of MOSFET Q1 is at a high level, Q1 remains in the off state, and the system cannot output voltage normally.

[0044] This application embodiment provides a power-on protection circuit, which includes an adapter power supply 110, a first voltage divider resistor 120, a second voltage divider resistor 130, a third voltage divider resistor 140, a first protection resistor 150, a second protection resistor 160, a field-effect transistor 170, a transistor 180, a switch 190, and an appliance 1100; wherein, the adapter power supply 110 is connected to the first terminal of the first voltage divider resistor 120, the source S of the field-effect transistor 170, and the first terminal of the first protection resistor 150, and the second terminal of the first protection resistor 150 is connected to the gate G of the field-effect transistor 170; the second terminal of the first voltage divider resistor 120 is connected to the drain D of the field-effect transistor 170, the first terminal of the second voltage divider resistor 130, and the first terminal of the switch 190, and the second terminal of the switch 190 is connected to the drain D of the field-effect transistor 170, the first terminal of the second voltage divider resistor 130, and the first terminal of the switch 190, and the second terminal of the switch 190 is connected to the gate G of the field-effect transistor 170. The first terminal of the device 1100 is connected to the second terminal of the device 1100, and the second terminal of the device 1100 is grounded. The second terminal of the second voltage divider resistor 130 is connected to the base B of the transistor 180 and the first terminal of the third voltage divider resistor 140. The collector C of the transistor 180 is connected to the gate G of the field-effect transistor 170, and the emitter E is connected to the first terminal of the second protection resistor 160. The second terminals of the second protection resistor 160 and the second terminal of the third voltage divider resistor 140 are grounded. When the switch 190 is closed, if the adapter power supply 110 is unexpectedly disconnected and then restored, the transistor 180 is in the cutoff state, the field-effect transistor 170 is in the cutoff state, the adapter power supply 110 cannot supply power to the device 1100 through the field-effect transistor 170, and the device 1100 cannot start. The technical solution provided by the embodiments of this application brings at least the following beneficial effects: When an appliance experiences an unexpected power outage, both the transistor and the field-effect transistor (FET) are in the off state. If the user does not turn off the appliance's switch, the switch remains closed. The appliance is connected in series with the first voltage-dividing resistor, and the second and third voltage-dividing resistors are connected in series and then in parallel with the appliance. After power is restored, the base voltage of the transistor is insufficient to turn it on, and the gate of the FET remains at a high level, preventing the FET from conducting. Since the first voltage-dividing resistor is a high-resistance resistor, the current is very small and insufficient to start the appliance. Furthermore, the FET is not conducting, thus preventing the appliance from starting. This solves the problem of appliances such as gas stoves automatically starting after power is restored.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0047] It should also be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for display, data used for analysis, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties.

[0048] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0049] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0050] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power-on protection circuit, characterized by, The circuit includes an adapter power supply, a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, a third voltage divider resistor, a first protection resistor, a second protection resistor, a field-effect transistor, a transistor, a switch, and an electrical appliance; wherein, The adapter power supply is connected to the first terminal of the first voltage divider resistor, the source of the field-effect transistor, and the first terminal of the first protection resistor, and the second terminal of the first protection resistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor. The second end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the drain of the field-effect transistor, the first end of the second voltage divider resistor, and the first end of the switch. The second end of the switch is connected to the first end of the appliance, and the second end of the appliance is grounded. The second terminal of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the base of the transistor and the first terminal of the third voltage divider resistor. The collector of the transistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor, and the emitter is connected to the first terminal of the second protection resistor. The second terminal of the second protection resistor and the second terminal of the third voltage divider resistor are grounded. When the switch is closed, if the adapter power supply is unexpectedly interrupted and then restored, the transistor is in the off state, the field-effect transistor is in the off state, the adapter power supply cannot supply power to the appliance through the field-effect transistor, and the appliance cannot be started.

2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein, When the switch is closed, the voltage difference between the base and emitter of the transistor after being divided by the first voltage divider resistor, the second voltage divider resistor, and the third voltage divider resistor is greater than 0.6V.

3. The circuit of claim 1, wherein, The adapter is powered by 12V.

4. The circuit of claim 1, wherein, The first voltage divider resistor has a resistance of 100KΩ, the second voltage divider resistor has a resistance of 100KΩ, and the third voltage divider resistor has a resistance of 15KΩ.

5. The circuit of claim 1, wherein, The first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are high-resistance resistors.

6. The circuit of claim 1, wherein, The first protective resistor has a resistance of 10KΩ, and the second protective resistor has a resistance of 1KΩ.

7. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transistor is of type NPN.

8. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The field-effect transistor is of type P.

9. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch is a rotary valve for a gas stove.

10. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical appliance is a gas stove ignition controller.

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