Railway vehicle and front end opening and closing mechanism thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a rail vehicle and a front end opening and closing mechanism thereof. The front end opening and closing mechanism comprises at least one set of driving assemblies, all the driving assemblies can synchronously control the opening or closing of a front end cover, the front end cover comprises an upper cover and a lower cover, each set of driving assemblies comprises an upper support rod rotatably arranged and fixedly connected with the upper cover, a lower support rod rotatably arranged and fixedly connected with the lower cover, and a linear driving element slidably connected with the upper support rod and the lower support rod at the movable end. When the linear driving element extends outward, the upper support rod and the lower support rod drive the upper cover and the lower cover to move away from each other, and the front end cover is opened. When the linear driving element retracts inward, the upper support rod and the lower support rod drive the upper cover and the lower cover to move towards each other, and the front end cover is closed. In the application, only one set of linear driving elements is needed to control the opening or closing of the front end cover, the number of components involved is small, the result is simple, the occupied space is small, and the space utilization rate of the front cabin can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, and in particular to a rail vehicle and its front-end opening and closing mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of rail vehicles, the front-end opening and closing mechanism primarily controls the opening and closing of the front-end cover. When the front-end cover is open, the rail vehicle can perform operations such as coupler reconnection, emergency rescue, and equipment maintenance. When the front-end cover is closed, the rail vehicle maintains a streamlined shape during high-speed operation, reducing running resistance and improving safety and stability. Therefore, optimizing the structure of the front-end opening and closing mechanism is particularly necessary.

[0003] The existing front-end opening and closing mechanisms of rail vehicles are mainly used to control the left or right rotation of the two front-end canopies to open and close. However, with the rapid development of rail vehicles, in order to meet the design requirements of lightweight and low wind resistance, the front-end canopies of rail vehicles are becoming increasingly sharp and flat. The left-right rotation opening method of the existing front-end opening and closing mechanisms occupies too much space at the front of the vehicle body, making it difficult to provide sufficient space for the installation of other components, and thus failing to meet the development needs of rail vehicles. Based on this, some existing rail vehicles use up-down rotation to open or close the front-end opening and closing mechanisms. However, these front-end opening and closing mechanisms often use complex linkage components to transmit power, resulting in a relatively complex structure, a large space occupation, and relatively low space utilization in the front compartment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rail vehicle and its front opening and closing mechanism, wherein the drive assembly only requires one set of linear drive components to drive the front head cover to open or close, occupying less space and effectively improving the space utilization of the front compartment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a front-end opening and closing mechanism for a rail vehicle, comprising at least one set of drive components, all of which are used to synchronously control the opening or closing of the front-end head cover. The front-end head cover includes an upper head cover and a lower head cover. Each set of drive components includes:

[0006] An upper support rod that can be rotatably mounted and fixedly connected to the upper head cover;

[0007] A lower support rod that can be rotatably mounted and fixedly connected to the lower head cover;

[0008] A linear drive component whose movable end is slidably connected to the upper and lower support rods respectively;

[0009] When the linear drive extends outward, the upper and lower support rods drive the upper and lower head covers to move in opposite directions, thus opening the front head cover.

[0010] When the linear drive retracts inward, the upper and lower support rods drive the upper and lower head covers to move in opposite directions, thus closing the front head cover.

[0011] Preferably, the linear drive component is a drive cylinder, the movable end of which is rotatably connected to a drive shaft, the upper support rod having a first waist-shaped hole at the end away from the upper head cover, and the lower support rod having a second waist-shaped hole at the end away from the lower head cover, with the drive shaft passing through the first waist-shaped hole and the second waist-shaped hole respectively.

[0012] Preferably, an upper connecting plate is fixedly provided at the end of the upper support rod, and the upper connecting plate is detachably connected to the upper mounting boss provided on the upper head cover; a lower connecting plate is fixedly provided at the end of the lower support rod, and the lower connecting plate is detachably connected to the lower mounting boss provided on the lower head cover.

[0013] Preferably, the upper support rod is a V-shaped rod; the lower support rod includes an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, a reinforcing rod, and an oblique connecting rod. The upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are parallel and are respectively fixed to both ends of the lower connecting plate. The reinforcing rod is obliquely disposed between the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod, and the oblique connecting rod is obliquely connected to the lower connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, each drive assembly further includes a support plate, the support plate having an upper rotating seat and a lower rotating seat, the upper rotating seat having an upper rotating shaft fixedly mounted thereon, and the lower rotating seat having a lower rotating shaft fixedly mounted thereon; the upper support rod has an upper rotating sleeve that rotatably engages with the upper rotating shaft, and the lower support rod has a lower rotating sleeve that rotatably engages with the lower rotating shaft.

[0015] Preferably, at least one set of drive components is fixedly provided with a locking component, which includes a locking cylinder and a limiting block fixed to the movable end of the locking cylinder; when the locking cylinder extends, the limiting block abuts against the movable end of the linear drive, and the linear drive is in a locked state; when the locking cylinder retracts, the limiting block disengages from the movable end of the linear drive, and the linear drive is in an unlocked state.

[0016] Preferably, at least one set of drive components is provided with a first position detection element and a second position detection element, both of which are used to detect the position of the moving end of the linear drive component;

[0017] When the first position detection element detects that the movable end of the linear drive element has extended to the first position, the first position detection element sends a feedback signal to the controller. The controller controls the linear drive element to stop extending and controls the locking cylinder to extend, so that the linear drive element enters the locking state.

[0018] When the second position detector detects that the movable end of the linear drive has retracted to the second position, the second position detector sends a feedback signal to the controller. The controller then controls the linear drive to stop retracting and controls the locking cylinder to extend, causing the linear drive to enter the locking state.

[0019] Preferably, at least one set of drive components is provided with an auxiliary elastic element, one end of which is fixedly installed and the other end is connected to the lower support rod. The auxiliary elastic element is used to assist in supporting the lower support rod.

[0020] Preferably, at least one set of drive components is provided with a mechanical stop for limiting the upper support rod and / or lower support rod from exceeding the limit position.

[0021] The present invention also provides a rail vehicle including the front opening and closing mechanism described in any of the above claims.

[0022] Compared to the prior art, the front-end opening and closing mechanism of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention includes at least one set of drive components. Each drive component includes an upper support rod, a lower support rod, and a linear drive member. Both the upper and lower support rods are rotatably configured. The upper support rod is fixedly connected to the upper head cover, and the lower support rod is fixedly connected to the lower head cover. The movable end of the linear drive member is slidably connected to the upper and lower support rods respectively. When the linear drive member extends outward, the upper and lower support rods respectively drive the upper and lower head covers to move in opposite directions, thus opening the front-end head cover. When the linear drive member retracts inward, the upper and lower support rods respectively drive the upper and lower head covers to move towards each other, thus closing the front-end head cover.

[0023] This invention simplifies the structure of the front opening and closing mechanism, so that the drive assembly only needs one set of linear drive components to indirectly control the synchronous rotation of the upper and lower hoods through the upper and lower support rods, thereby opening or closing the front hood. The number of components involved is small, the result is simple, and the space occupied is small, which can effectively improve the space utilization of the front cabin.

[0024] The rail vehicle provided by the present invention includes the aforementioned front-end opening and closing mechanism and has the same beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a state diagram of the front opening and closing mechanism of a rail vehicle provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention when the front head cover is in the closed state;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Axonometric view;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the remaining parts after removing the front head cover;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Front view;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Rear view;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Exploded view of the area between the lower support rod and the lower rotating seat;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Exploded view of the upper and lower support rods and linear drive components;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a state diagram of the front opening and closing mechanism of a rail vehicle provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention when the front head cover is in the open state;

[0034] Figure 9 for Figure 1 State diagram of the locking component when it is in the locked state.

[0035] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0036] Drive assembly 1, front head cover 2, locking assembly 3, first position detection component 4, second position detection component 5, auxiliary elastic component 6, mechanical stop component 7, and synchronizing rod 8;

[0037] Upper support rod 10, lower support rod 11, linear drive component 12, drive shaft 13, support plate 14, upper rotating seat 15, lower rotating seat 16, rotating bearing 17, locking nut 18, and slewing bearing 19;

[0038] First oblong hole 101, upper connecting plate 102 and upper rotating sleeve 103;

[0039] The second waist-shaped hole 111, the lower connecting plate 112, the upper connecting rod 113, the lower connecting rod 114, the reinforcing rod 115, the oblique connecting rod 116, and the lower rotating sleeve 117;

[0040] Lower rotating shaft 161;

[0041] Upper headgear 21 and lower headgear 22;

[0042] Mounting boss 211;

[0043] Lower mounting boss 221;

[0044] Locking cylinder 31, limit stop 32 and locking support 33. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] This invention discloses a front-end opening and closing mechanism for a rail vehicle, comprising at least one set of drive components 1, all of which operate synchronously to synchronously control the opening or closing of the front-end head cover 2, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 and 8 As shown in the attached diagram. In this specific embodiment, a set of drive components 1 is symmetrically provided at each end of the front head cover 2, and a synchronization rod 8 is fixed between the two sets of drive components 1, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the two sets of drive components 1 operate synchronously. The synchronizing rod 8 is specifically welded between the upper support rods 10 of the two sets of drive components 1. The two sets of drive components 1 provide support for both ends of the front head cover 2, ensuring the stable operation of the front head cover 2. Of course, the number of drive components 1 is not limited to this; it can be one set or more sets, which can be adapted according to the width and structure of the front head cover 2.

[0048] As attached Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the front-end head cover 2 includes an upper head cover 21 and a lower head cover 22, both of which are integrally molded from glass. The dimensions and flipping angle of the upper head cover 21 and the lower head cover 22 can be adjusted according to design requirements. There are two key design requirements that must be met: First, the upper head cover 21 can be hidden inside the front compartment of the vehicle body after the front-end head cover 2 is fully opened, so as to avoid obstructing the driver's operating view in the driver's cab after the upper head cover 21 is flipped upwards; Second, the lower head cover 22 can be hidden in the unused space between the bottom of the front compartment of the vehicle body and the track after the front head cover 2 is opened, avoiding other components and providing sufficient space for the installation of other components, so as to make reasonable use of the space in the front compartment.

[0049] As attached Figures 1 to 8As shown, each drive assembly 1 includes an upper support rod 10, a lower support rod 11, and a linear drive member 12. The upper support rod 10 is rotatably mounted and fixedly connected to the upper head cover 21, causing the upper support rod 10 to drive the upper head cover 21 to rotate up and down. The lower support rod 11 is rotatably mounted and fixedly connected to the lower head cover 22, causing the lower support rod 11 to drive the lower head cover 22 to rotate up and down. The movable end of the linear drive member 12 can move linearly, and its movable end is slidably connected to both the upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11, allowing the linear drive member 12 to simultaneously drive both the upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11.

[0050] When the linear drive component 12 extends outward, the upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11 respectively drive the upper head cover 21 and the lower head cover 22 to move in opposite directions. That is, the upper head cover 21 flips upward and the lower head cover 22 flips downward, thus opening the front head cover 2, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown in the attached diagram, when the linear drive 12 retracts inward, the upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11 respectively drive the upper head cover 21 and the lower head cover 22 to move in opposite directions. That is, the upper head cover 21 rotates downward and the lower head cover 22 rotates upward, thus closing the front head cover 2. Figure 1 As shown.

[0051] In summary, the present invention simplifies the structure of the front opening and closing mechanism, so that the drive assembly 1 only needs one set of linear drive components 12 to indirectly control the synchronous rotation of the upper hood 21 and the lower hood 22 through the upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11, thereby opening or closing the front hood 2. The number of components involved is small, the result is simple, the space occupied is small, and the space utilization of the front cabin can be effectively improved.

[0052] The linear drive component 12 can be a drive cylinder, but its type is not limited to this; for example, it can also be a hydraulic cylinder or a linear motor. The cylinder body of the drive cylinder is fixed, and its piston rod is telescopic. The movable end of the drive cylinder is rotatably connected to a drive shaft 13, which is perpendicular to the center line of the piston rod. The drive shaft 13 is used to drive the upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11 to move synchronously. The end of the upper support rod 10 away from the upper head cover 21 is provided with a first waist-shaped hole 101, and the end of the lower support rod 11 away from the lower head cover 22 is provided with a second waist-shaped hole 111. The drive shaft 13 passes through the first waist-shaped hole 101 and the second waist-shaped hole 111 respectively, so that the drive shaft 13 can drive the upper head cover 21 and the lower head cover 22 to move towards each other. A rotary bearing 17 is provided between the piston rod of the drive cylinder and the drive shaft 13, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 7 As shown, the drive shaft 13 is used to support the rotation of the piston rod of the drive cylinder. The width of the first oblong hole 101 and the second oblong hole 111 is equal to the diameter of the drive shaft 13, but their lengths can be adapted to design requirements, as long as it can ensure that the upper head cover 21 and the lower head cover 22 can be flipped up and down into place respectively, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0053] The upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11 are respectively mounted at both ends of the drive shaft 13, ensuring that the drive shaft 13 is evenly stressed. Shaft end retaining rings are detachably fixed at both ends of the drive shaft 13 to axially limit the positions of the upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11, preventing them from detaching from the drive shaft 13. The shaft end retaining rings can be circular washers, but are not limited to them; for example, they can also be pins or retaining springs. Locking nuts 18 are installed at both ends of the drive shaft 13 to axially fix the shaft end retaining rings.

[0054] An upper connecting plate 102 is fixed to the end of the upper support rod 10. Specifically, the upper connecting plate 102 can be welded to the end of the upper support rod 10 away from the first oblong hole 101. The upper head cover 21 has an upper mounting boss 211, and the upper connecting plate 102 is detachably fixed to the upper mounting boss 211 by bolts. Both the upper connecting plate 102 and the upper mounting boss 211 can be L-shaped. A lower connecting plate 112 is fixed to the end of the lower support rod 11, and specifically, the lower connecting plate 112 can be welded to the end of the lower support rod 11 away from the second oblong hole 111. The lower head cover 22 has a lower mounting boss 221, and the lower connecting plate 112 is detachably fixed to the lower mounting boss 221 by bolts. Both the lower connecting plate 112 and the lower mounting boss 221 can also be L-shaped.

[0055] The upper support rod 10 is a V-shaped rod, but not limited to this. The bending angle of the upper support rod 10 can be set according to its own motion trajectory, and is not specifically limited here. The lower support rod 11 is square, including an upper connecting rod 113, a lower connecting rod 114, a reinforcing rod 115, and a diagonal connecting rod 116. The upper connecting rod 113 and the lower connecting rod 114 are parallel and are respectively fixed to both ends of the lower connecting plate 112. The reinforcing rod 115 is inclined between the upper connecting rod 113 and the lower connecting rod 114. The diagonal connecting rod 116 is inclinedly connected to the lower connecting rod 114. The diagonal connecting rod 116 is welded between the upper connecting rod 113 and the lower connecting rod 114 to improve the bending strength of the lower support rod 11. Of course, the structure of the upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11 is not limited to this.

[0056] Each drive assembly 1 also includes a support plate 14, which has an upper rotating seat 15 and a lower rotating seat 16. The upper rotating seat 15 is fixed with an upper rotating shaft, and the lower rotating seat 16 is fixed with a lower rotating shaft 161. The upper support rod 10 has an upper rotating sleeve 103, which is rotatably engaged with the upper rotating shaft. A rotary bearing 19 is provided between the upper rotating sleeve 103 and the upper rotating shaft to support the rotation of the upper rotating shaft relative to the upper rotating sleeve 103, thereby allowing the upper rotating seat 15 to support the rotation of the upper support rod 10. The lower support rod 11 has a lower rotating sleeve 117, which is rotatably engaged with the lower rotating shaft 161. A rotary bearing 19 is also provided between the lower rotating sleeve 117 and the lower rotating shaft 161 to support the rotation of the lower rotating shaft 161 relative to the lower rotating sleeve 117, thereby allowing the upper rotating seat 15 to support the rotation of the upper support rod 10.

[0057] At least one set of drive components 1 is equipped with a locking component 3. The locking component 3 restricts the movement of the drive component 1, so that the drive component 1 is stably maintained in an open or closed state, which helps to improve safety. In this specific embodiment, only one set of drive components 1 is provided with the locking component 3. Of course, each set of drive components 1 can be provided with a locking component 3, which is not specifically limited here.

[0058] As attached Figure 9 As shown, the locking assembly 3 includes a locking cylinder 31 and a limiting block 32 fixed to the movable end of the locking cylinder 31. The extension and retraction direction of the locking cylinder 31 is perpendicular to the movement direction of the linear drive member 12. Of course, the locking cylinder 31 can also be replaced by a linear motor, electromagnet, or hydraulic cylinder, etc., and is not specifically limited here. The limiting block 32 moves linearly synchronously with the locking cylinder 31 to limit the linear movement of the movable end of the linear drive member 12. Specifically, the limiting block 32 is T-shaped and has a protruding baffle extending along the extension and retraction direction of the locking cylinder 31. The piston rod of the linear drive member 12 is integrally provided with a stop flange. When the protruding baffle extends to abut against the end face of the stop flange, the limiting block 32 prevents the movable end of the linear drive member 12 from continuing to move. Of course, the structure of the limiting block 32 is not limited to this.

[0059] The locking assembly 3 also includes a locking support 33, on which the cylinder of the locking cylinder 31 is fixed. The locking support 33 is fixed on the support plate 14, so that the locking support 33 can stably support the locking cylinder 31. Of course, the fixing method of the locking assembly 3 is not limited to this.

[0060] When the locking cylinder 31 extends, the limit block 32 abuts against the movable end of the linear drive 12, stopping the movable end of the linear drive 12 from moving. At this time, the linear drive 12 is in the locked state. When the locking cylinder 31 retracts, the limit block 32 disengages from the movable end of the linear drive 12, the constraint on the movable end of the linear drive 12 is removed, and the movable end of the linear drive 12 can move freely. At this time, the linear drive 12 is in the unlocked state.

[0061] At least one set of drive components 1 is equipped with a first position detection element 4 and a second position detection element 5, both of which are used to detect the position of the movable end of the linear drive element 12. The first position detection element 4 detects whether the movable end of the linear drive element 12 has extended to a first position, and the second position detection element 5 detects whether the movable end of the linear drive element 12 has retracted to a second position. The first position refers to the position where the movable end of the linear drive element 12 is extended to its maximum length, and the second position refers to the position where the movable end of the linear drive element 12 is retracted to its minimum length. The first position detection element 4 and the second position detection element 5 can specifically be position sensors or limit switches, etc., and are not specifically limited here.

[0062] The first position detection element 4, the second position detection element 5, the linear drive element 12, and the locking cylinder 31 are all connected to the controller to achieve automatic locking of the linear drive element 12. Additionally, a locking position detection element can also be installed on the locking cylinder 31. This locking position detection element is connected to the controller and is used to detect the extension / retraction length of the locking cylinder 31. The locking position detection element can be a displacement sensor or a limit switch, etc.

[0063] In the initial state, the movable end of the linear drive 12 retracts to the second position, and the front head cover 2 is in the closed state; the locking cylinder 31 extends, the limit block 32 abuts against the movable end of the linear drive 12, and the locking component 3 is in the locked state.

[0064] When the locking cylinder 31 retracts to its minimum length under the pressure of the vehicle body air source, the locking position detection element sends an unlocking signal to the controller. At the same time, the limit block 32 disengages from the movable end of the linear drive 12, and the linear drive 12 enters the unlocked state. The movable end of the linear drive 12 extends outward under the pressure of the vehicle body air source. The upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11 drive the upper head cover 21 and the lower head cover 22 to move in opposite directions, respectively. The upper head cover 21 flips upward and the lower head cover 22 flips downward, and the front head cover 2 is opened. At this time, the movable end of the linear drive 12 extends to the first position. When the first position detection element 4 detects that the movable end of the linear drive 12 has extended to the first position, the first position detection element 4 sends a signal to the controller. The controller controls the linear drive 12 to stop extending and controls the locking cylinder 31 to extend. The locking position detection element sends a locking signal to the controller. At the same time, the limit block 32 abuts against the movable end of the linear drive 12, and the linear drive 12 enters the locked state.

[0065] When the locking cylinder 31 retracts to its minimum length under the pressure of the vehicle body air source, the locking position detection element sends an unlocking signal to the controller. At the same time, the limit block 32 disengages from the movable end of the linear drive 12, and the linear drive 12 enters the unlocked state. The movable end of the linear drive 12 retracts inward under the pressure of the vehicle body air source. The upper support rod 10 and the lower support rod 11 respectively drive the upper head cover 21 and the lower head cover 22 to move towards each other. The upper head cover 21 rotates downward and the lower head cover 22 rotates upward, and the front head cover 2 is closed. At this time, the movable end of the linear drive 12 retracts to the second position. When the second position detection element 5 detects that the movable end of the linear drive 12 has retracted to the second position, the second position detection element 5 sends a signal to the controller. The controller controls the linear drive 12 to stop retracting and controls the locking cylinder 31 to extend. The locking position detection element sends a locking signal to the controller. At the same time, the limit block 32 abuts against the movable end of the linear drive 12, and the linear drive 12 re-enters the locking state.

[0066] At least one set of drive components 1 is provided with an auxiliary elastic element 6, which may be an air spring, but is not limited thereto. One end of the auxiliary elastic element 6 is fixedly installed and the other end is connected to the lower support rod 11. The auxiliary elastic element 6 is used to assist in supporting the lower support rod 11.

[0067] At least one set of drive components 1 is provided with a mechanical stop 7. The mechanical stop 7 may specifically be a stop bolt, which is fitted with a fastening nut, but the structure of the mechanical stop 7 is not limited to this. The mechanical stop 7 is used to limit the upper support rod 10 and / or the lower support rod 11 from going beyond their limit positions.

[0068] When the rail vehicle is in a power outage and windless state, maintenance personnel can manually push the piston rod of the locking cylinder 31 through the inspection window on the side of the vehicle body. This retracts the piston rod to its minimum length, disengaging the limit block 32 from the movable end of the linear drive component 12, thus manually unlocking the linear drive component 12. This allows maintenance personnel to manually open or close the front head cover 2. The auxiliary elastic component 6 supports the movement of the lower support rod 11 during the opening or closing of the front head cover 2, preventing sudden slippage in a power outage and windless state, ensuring the front head cover 2 can be safely opened or closed during maintenance. Furthermore, the mechanical stop component 7 limits the position of the lower support rod 11 in a power outage and windless state, keeping the front head cover 2 stably in the open or closed state, preventing structural damage or personal injury caused by excessive movement of the lower support rod 11, and effectively improving safety. It should be noted that after manual maintenance, the piston rod of the locking cylinder 31 must be pulled to extend the piston rod of the locking cylinder 31 to its maximum length, so that the limit stop 32 abuts against the movable end of the linear drive 12, and the linear drive 12 returns to the locked state.

[0069] This invention also discloses a rail vehicle, including the aforementioned front-end opening and closing mechanism, which has the same beneficial effects.

[0070] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0071] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A front-end opening and closing mechanism for a rail vehicle, characterized in that, It includes at least one set of drive components (1), all of which are used to synchronously control the opening or closing of the front headgear (2), the front headgear (2) including an upper headgear (21) and a lower headgear (22), each set of drive components (1) including: An upper support rod (10) is rotatably mounted and fixedly connected to the upper head cover (21). A lower support rod (11) is rotatably mounted and fixedly connected to the lower head cover (22). A linear drive (12) whose movable end is slidably connected to the upper support rod (10) and the lower support rod (11) respectively. When the linear drive (12) extends outward, the upper support rod (10) and the lower support rod (11) respectively drive the upper head cover (21) and the lower head cover (22) to move in opposite directions, and the front head cover (2) is opened; When the linear drive (12) retracts inward, the upper support rod (10) and the lower support rod (11) respectively drive the upper head cover (21) and the lower head cover (22) to move towards each other, and the front head cover (2) is closed; The linear drive component (12) is specifically a drive cylinder. The movable end of the drive cylinder is rotatably connected to a drive shaft (13). The upper support rod (10) has a first waist-shaped hole (101) at the end away from the upper head cover (21), and the lower support rod (11) has a second waist-shaped hole (111) at the end away from the lower head cover (22). The drive shaft (13) passes through the first waist-shaped hole (101) and the second waist-shaped hole (111) respectively. An upper connecting plate (102) is fixedly provided at the end of the upper support rod (10), and the upper connecting plate (102) is used to be detachably connected to the upper mounting boss (211) provided on the upper head cover (21); a lower connecting plate (112) is fixedly provided at the end of the lower support rod (11), and the lower connecting plate (112) is used to be detachably connected to the lower mounting boss (221) provided on the lower head cover (22); The upper support rod (10) is a V-shaped rod; the lower support rod (11) includes an upper connecting rod (113), a lower connecting rod (114), a reinforcing rod (115), and an oblique connecting rod (116). The upper connecting rod (113) and the lower connecting rod (114) are parallel and are respectively fixed to both ends of the lower connecting plate (112). The reinforcing rod (115) is obliquely disposed between the upper connecting rod (113) and the lower connecting rod (114). The oblique connecting rod (116) is obliquely connected to the lower connecting rod (114). Each drive assembly (1) further includes a support plate (14), which is provided with an upper rotating seat (15) and a lower rotating seat (16). The upper rotating seat (15) is fixed with an upper rotating shaft, and the lower rotating seat (16) is fixed with a lower rotating shaft (161). The upper support rod (10) has an upper rotating sleeve (103) that rotates with the upper rotating shaft, and the lower support rod (11) has a lower rotating sleeve (117) that rotates with the lower rotating shaft (161).

2. The front-end opening and closing mechanism of the rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one set of the drive components (1) is fixedly provided with a locking component (3), the locking component (3) includes a locking cylinder (31) and a limiting block (32) fixed to the movable end of the locking cylinder (31); when the locking cylinder (31) extends, the limiting block (32) abuts against the movable end of the linear drive (12), and the linear drive (12) is in a locked state; when the locking cylinder (31) retracts, the limiting block (32) disengages from the movable end of the linear drive (12), and the linear drive (12) is in an unlocked state.

3. The front-end opening and closing mechanism of the rail vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one set of the drive components (1) is provided with a first position detection element (4) and a second position detection element (5), both the first position detection element (4) and the second position detection element (5) are used to detect the position of the movable end of the linear drive element (12); When the first position detection element (4) detects that the movable end of the linear drive element (12) extends to the first position, the first position detection element (4) sends a feedback signal to the controller, the controller controls the linear drive element (12) to stop extending, and controls the locking cylinder (31) to extend, and the linear drive element (12) enters the locking state. When the second position detection element (5) detects that the movable end of the linear drive element (12) has retracted to the second position, the second position detection element (5) sends a feedback signal to the controller. The controller controls the linear drive element (12) to stop retracting and controls the locking cylinder (31) to extend, and the linear drive element (12) enters the locking state.

4. The front-end opening and closing mechanism of the rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one set of the drive components (1) is provided with an auxiliary elastic element (6), one end of the auxiliary elastic element (6) is fixedly disposed and the other end is connected to the lower support rod (11), and the auxiliary elastic element (6) is used to assist in supporting the lower support rod (11).

5. The front-end opening and closing mechanism of the rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one set of the drive components (1) is provided with a mechanical stop (7) for limiting the upper support rod (10) and / or the lower support rod (11) from going beyond the limit position.

6. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the front-end opening and closing mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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