Method and apparatus for calculating environmental radiation

Abstract

The application provides an environmental radiation calculation method and device, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a first actual temperature of a first standard target under direct sunlight in a target environment; obtaining a second actual temperature of the first standard target and a second standard target without direct sunlight in the target environment; wherein the surface emissivity of the first standard target and the second standard target is different; establishing a thermal balance equation corresponding to the first standard target and the second standard target according to the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature and the surface emissivity; and calculating the environmental radiation in the target environment according to the thermal balance equation. The scheme can quickly and effectively obtain the environmental radiation in outdoor experiments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical radiation characteristics technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for calculating environmental radiation. Background Technology

[0002] For solid targets in specific environments, their temperature and infrared radiation fields are relatively fixed. Treating the target's temperature field as steady-state, and considering radiation, convection, and conduction between adjacent surface elements, an energy balance equation for the target's temperature field distribution can be obtained. However, accurate calculation of the temperature field of a solid target requires precise acquisition of the radiation energy received by the target's environment. Furthermore, it is constrained by the complexity of the target's environment, differences in the spectral characteristics of radiation energy, and the lack of testing equipment to obtain these environmental radiation values. This leads to the inability to obtain environmental radiation values ​​that significantly influence temperature results during experiments, resulting in large errors in the calculated temperature and radiation field results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method and apparatus for calculating environmental radiation, which can effectively obtain the environmental radiation in outdoor experiments and improve the accuracy of environmental radiation calculation.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for calculating environmental radiation, comprising:

[0005] Obtain the first actual temperature of the first standard target under direct sunlight in the target environment;

[0006] Obtain the second actual temperature of the first and second standard targets in the target environment without direct sunlight; wherein the surface emissivity of the first and second standard targets is different;

[0007] Based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature, and the surface emissivity, establish thermal balance equations corresponding to the first standard target and the second standard target;

[0008] The ambient radiation under the target environment is calculated based on the heat balance equation.

[0009] Optionally, the back sides of both the first and second standard targets are made of heat-insulating material; the back sides of both the first and second standard targets are in contact with the ground.

[0010] Optionally, establishing the heat balance equations corresponding to the first standard target and the second standard target includes:

[0011] Thermal characteristic modeling is performed on the first standard target and the second standard target to determine the energy heat balance baseline equation;

[0012] Based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature, the surface emissivity, and the energy thermal balance reference equation, establish a thermal balance equation corresponding to each of the standard targets;

[0013] The first thermal balance equation for the first standard target under direct sunlight in the target environment is:

[0014] ε·q sky +α·q sum -[E+(1-ε)·q sky +(1-α)·q sun ]+cov1=0

[0015] The second thermal balance equations for both the first and second standard targets, under the target environment without direct sunlight, are:

[0016] ε·q sky -[E+(1-ε)·q sky ]+cov2=0

[0017] Wherein, α is used to characterize the absorptivity of the first standard target or the second standard target in the visible near-infrared band; ε is used to characterize the emissivity of the first standard target or the second standard target in the infrared band; q sky The longwave radiation value used to characterize the sky background in the target environment; q sun E is used to characterize the direct solar radiation value under the target environment; E is used to characterize the spontaneous emission value of the first standard target or the second standard target; cov1 is used to characterize the convective heat transfer of the first standard target under direct solar radiation in the target environment; cov2 is used to characterize the convective heat transfer of the first standard target or the second standard target under the target environment without direct solar radiation.

[0018] Optionally, the ambient radiation includes the longwave radiation value of the sky background, the direct solar radiation value, the convective heat transfer coefficient, and the convective heat transfer.

[0019] Optionally, calculating the ambient radiation under the target environment based on the heat balance equation includes:

[0020] According to the second heat balance equation, the long-wave radiation value of the sky background and the convective heat transfer coefficient are obtained;

[0021] The long-wave radiation value of the sky background is obtained by the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] The convective heat transfer coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, h air Used to characterize the convective heat transfer coefficient; E c The spontaneous emission value used to characterize the first standard target; E b The spontaneous emission value used to characterize the second standard target; T c The second actual temperature used to characterize the first standard target; T b The second actual temperature used to characterize the second standard target; T air The air temperature used to characterize the target environment; ε a Used to characterize the emissivity of the first standard target in the infrared band; ε b Used to characterize the emissivity of the second standard target in the infrared band.

[0026] Optionally, calculating the ambient radiation under the target environment based on the heat balance equation includes:

[0027] The direct solar radiation value is obtained based on the first heat balance equation and the second heat balance equation;

[0028] The direct solar radiation value is obtained using the following formula:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, T a The first actual temperature used to characterize the first standard target; α a Used to characterize the absorption rate of the first standard target in the visible and near-infrared bands.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an environmental radiation calculation device, comprising:

[0032] The acquisition module is used to acquire the first actual temperature of a first standard target under direct sunlight in a target environment; and to acquire the second actual temperatures of the first standard target and the second standard target under the target environment without direct sunlight; wherein the surface emissivity of the first standard target and the second standard target is different;

[0033] The construction module is used to establish thermal balance equations corresponding to the first standard target and the second standard target based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature and the surface emissivity;

[0034] The calculation module is used to calculate the ambient radiation in the target environment based on the heat balance equation.

[0035] Optionally, the back sides of both the first and second standard targets are made of heat-insulating material; the back sides of both the first and second standard targets are in contact with the ground.

[0036] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computing device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method described in any of the first aspects of this specification.

[0037] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in any of the first aspects of this specification.

[0038] This invention provides a method and apparatus for calculating environmental radiation. This method addresses the problem of accurately calculating environmental radiation used in solid target temperature field calculations. It involves designing standard targets with different surface emissivity and testing them under direct and indirect sunlight conditions. The actual panel temperature of each standard target under different conditions is collected, and the environmental radiation of the corresponding target environment is obtained through reasonable deduction and calculation based on the energy heat balance equation. This effectively acquires the environmental radiation from outdoor experiments, improves the accuracy of environmental radiation calculation, and can further be used for the calculation and verification of target heat transfer models and radiation fields. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an environmental radiation calculation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the placement of a standard target during testing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a hardware architecture diagram of a computing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an environmental radiation calculation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The following describes the specific implementation of the concept in this application.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 This invention provides a method for calculating environmental radiation, the method comprising:

[0047] Step 100: Obtain the first actual temperature of the first standard target under direct sunlight in the target environment;

[0048] Step 102: Obtain the second actual temperature of the first standard target and the second standard target in the target environment without direct sunlight; wherein the surface emissivity of the first standard target and the second standard target is different;

[0049] Step 104: Based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature, and the surface emissivity, establish the heat balance equations corresponding to the first standard target and the second standard target;

[0050] Step 106: Calculate the ambient radiation in the target environment based on the heat balance equation.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the method addresses the problem of accurately calculating the environmental radiation used in the calculation of the temperature field of solid targets. By designing standard targets with different surface emissivity and testing them under direct and indirect sunlight conditions, the actual panel temperature of each standard target under different conditions is collected. Based on the energy heat balance equation, reasonable deduction and calculation are performed to obtain the environmental radiation of the corresponding target environment. This effectively obtains the environmental radiation in outdoor experiments, improves the calculation accuracy of environmental radiation, and can also be further used for the calculation and verification of target heat transfer models and radiation fields.

[0052] The following description Figure 1 The execution method of each step is shown.

[0053] First, regarding the standard objectives (including the first and second standard objectives), the design conditions include:

[0054] 1) Prepare a panel with uniform diffuse reflection on the surface. The panel size is preferably 1m×1m to ensure that the temperature distribution at the center of the panel and the surrounding adjacent surface elements is uniform.

[0055] 2) The back of the standard target is made of heat-insulating material and does not receive ground radiation energy, so as to avoid heat energy exchange between the back of the panel and the environment, thereby ensuring the calculation accuracy of convective heat transfer with the target environment.

[0056] 3) The structural materials of each standard target are uniform, that is, any two panels have the same density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and thickness;

[0057] 4) Different standard targets have different surface emissivity designs in the infrared band, and their average emissivity values ​​in the range of 2.5 to 14 μm all satisfy (0, 1); the absorptivity in the visible and near-infrared band refers to the absorptivity in the wavelength range of 0.25 to 1.5 μm.

[0058] Specifically, under outdoor test conditions, the back of the standard target is in contact with the ground, while the front of the standard target is placed under direct sunlight or in the shade (i.e., not exposed to direct sunlight), and the surface emissivity of the front of different standard targets is different. For example, the placement diagram for the first and second standard targets during the test is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the first and second standard targets, located in the shadow of the sun, do not receive solar radiation energy.

[0059] For steps 100 and 102, the actual temperature of each standard target panel in the target environment is collected, specifically the temperature of the front of the panel. The first actual temperature is the temperature of the front of the panel after direct sunlight, and the second actual temperature is the temperature of the front of the panel without direct sunlight.

[0060] Specifically, when modeling the thermal properties of a solid target, it is necessary to consider the radiation of the target body and the conduction between its parts, as well as its interaction with the surrounding environment. This mainly includes direct solar radiation, direct radiation from the sky and the ground, reflected radiation from the ground to the environment, and air convection.

[0061] For solid targets in a specific environment, their temperature field and infrared radiation field are relatively fixed. Treating the target's temperature field as steady-state, and considering radiation and convection inside and outside the surface elements, as well as conduction between adjacent surface elements, we can obtain the energy heat balance equation for the target's temperature field distribution. Ignoring the influence of internal heat sources, the energy heat balance equation for the target surface in contact with the external atmosphere is determined by the target surface's energy balance, specifically: Direct solar radiation energy + Atmospheric sky radiation energy + Ground radiation energy + Convection heat transfer between the target surface and external air + Heat conduction flux between the target surface and adjacent surface elements - Target surface radiative exitance = 0.

[0062] In some preferred embodiments, in step 104, a heat balance equation corresponding to the first standard target and the second standard target is established based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature, and the surface emissivity, including:

[0063] Thermal characteristic modeling is performed on the first standard target and the second standard target to determine the energy heat balance baseline equation;

[0064] Based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature, the surface emissivity, and the energy thermal balance reference equation, establish a thermal balance equation corresponding to each of the standard targets;

[0065] The first thermal balance equation for the first standard target under direct sunlight in the target environment is:

[0066] ε·q sky +α·q sun -[E+(1-ε)·q sky +(1-α)·q sun ]+cov1=0 (1)

[0067] The second thermal balance equations for both the first and second standard targets, under the target environment without direct sunlight, are:

[0068] ε·q sky -[E+(1-ε)·q sky ]+cov2=0 (2)

[0069] Wherein, α is used to characterize the absorptivity of the first standard target or the second standard target in the visible near-infrared band; ε is used to characterize the emissivity of the first standard target or the second standard target in the infrared band; q sky The longwave radiation value used to characterize the sky background in the target environment; q sun E is used to characterize the direct solar radiation value under the target environment; E is used to characterize the spontaneous emission value of the first standard target or the second standard target; cov1 is used to characterize the convective heat transfer of the first standard target under direct solar radiation in the target environment; cov2 is used to characterize the convective heat transfer of the first standard target or the second standard target under the target environment without direct solar radiation.

[0070] In this invention, more specifically, the spontaneous emission value and convective heat transfer value in the above formula are determined by the following formula:

[0071] E=ε·σ·T 4 (3)

[0072] cov=-A k .h air (TTair (4)

[0073] Where σ is used to characterize the empirical value, σ=(5.6697±0.0029)×10 -8 (W / (m 2 ·K 4 T is used to characterize the actual temperature of the corresponding standard target, that is, the first actual temperature or the second actual temperature; T air Used to characterize the air temperature of the environment in which the standard target is located; A k The area used to characterize the front face of a standard target; h air Used to characterize the external convective heat transfer coefficient.

[0074] In this invention, it is assumed that the standard target panel is in a steady state. For a 1m×1m panel, it can be considered that the temperature distribution of the panel is uniform except at the edge, especially near the center of the panel. Therefore, the heat conduction flux between the center and the surrounding adjacent surface structures can be ignored. Thus, the energy absorbed by the standard target includes solar radiation energy, atmospheric sky radiation energy, convective heat transfer energy with the external air, and self-radiation emitted outward due to its own temperature.

[0075] In this invention, for each standard target under direct sunlight, its heat balance equation satisfies the above equation (1); for each standard target without solar refraction, its heat balance equation satisfies the above equation (2); where q sky The longwave radiation value of the sky background is used to characterize the target environment, and the radiation value of the sky background is mainly concentrated in the longwave band; q sun It is used to characterize the value of direct solar radiation, mainly concentrated in the visible and near-infrared regions.

[0076] In some preferred embodiments, the ambient radiation includes the longwave radiation value of the sky background, the direct solar radiation value, the convective heat transfer coefficient, and the convective heat transfer amount.

[0077] In some preferred embodiments, in step 106, the ambient radiation under the target environment is calculated according to the heat balance equation, including:

[0078] According to the second heat balance equation, the long-wave radiation value of the sky background and the convective heat transfer coefficient are obtained;

[0079] The long-wave radiation value of the sky background is obtained by the following formula:

[0080]

[0081] The convective heat transfer coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, h air Used to characterize the convective heat transfer coefficient; E c The spontaneous emission value used to characterize the first standard target; E b The spontaneous emission value used to characterize the second standard target; T c The second actual temperature used to characterize the first standard target; T b The second actual temperature used to characterize the second standard target; T air The air temperature used to characterize the target environment; ε a Used to characterize the emissivity of the first standard target in the infrared band; ε b Used to characterize the emissivity of the second standard target in the infrared band.

[0084] In a more preferred embodiment, obtaining the longwave radiation value of the sky background further includes: arbitrarily selecting two second heat balance equations as a combination, obtaining a longwave radiation value corresponding to the combination based on the above formula (5); and then averaging the longwave radiation values ​​of all combinations to obtain the final longwave radiation value of the sky background, which can further improve the calculation accuracy of environmental radiation.

[0085] More specifically, E is obtained according to formula (3). b =ε b ·σ·T b 4 E c =ε c ·σ·T c 4 .

[0086] In this invention, the longwave radiation value of the sky background can be calculated directly based on the second heat balance equation using two standard targets. Alternatively, multiple standard targets can be selected, and the longwave radiation value of the sky background can be calculated pairwise and then averaged to determine the final longwave radiation value of the sky background. For example, if three standard targets A, B, and C are selected, three longwave radiation values ​​can be calculated using A and B, A and C, and B and C. Then, the average of these three longwave radiation values ​​can be calculated to obtain the final longwave radiation value of the sky background. Furthermore, the convective heat transfer coefficient of any solid target in the corresponding target environment can be calculated.

[0087] In some preferred embodiments, based on the convective heat transfer coefficient h under the target environment air The convective heat transfer is calculated using formula (4) based on the actual temperature.

[0088] In some preferred embodiments, step 106 includes:

[0089] The direct solar radiation value is obtained based on the first heat balance equation and the second heat balance equation;

[0090] The direct solar radiation value is obtained using the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, T a The first actual temperature used to characterize the first standard target; α a Used to characterize the absorption rate of the first standard target in the visible and near-infrared bands.

[0093] In this invention, after calculating the long-wave radiation value and convective heat transfer coefficient of the sky background, the convective heat transfer of the first standard target under direct sunlight can be calculated based on the first actual temperature and the air temperature of the target environment. At this time, the only unknown quantity in formula (1), the direct solar radiation value, can be calculated.

[0094] Taking direct solar radiation as an example, by comparing the relative error between the direct solar radiation value obtained by direct testing and the direct solar radiation value calculated using the above formula (7) of the present invention, the accuracy of the method of the present invention for determining the amount of environmental radiation is further confirmed.

[0095] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the standard target panel is selected as ε. a 0.93, α a A steady-state panel 1 (i.e., the first standard target) with a value of 0.26 is placed under direct sunlight, and its first actual temperature T at 8:00, 11:50, and 14:00 is recorded. a The values ​​are 302.6K, 314.5K, and 323.4K respectively; ε b 0.83, α b A steady-state panel 2 (i.e., the second standard target) with a value of 0.26 is placed in the shadow of the sun without direct sunlight. Its second actual temperature T at 8:00, 11:50, and 14:00 is... b The values ​​are 301.6K, 309.5K, and 312K, respectively; ε a 0.93, α a A steady-state panel 1 with a value of 0.26 is placed in the shade of the sun without direct sunlight, and its second actual temperature T at 8:00, 11:50, and 14:00 is measured. c The values ​​were 294.6K, 306.5K, and 315.4K, respectively; meanwhile, the target environment's second actual temperature T at 8:00, 11:50, and 14:00 was... airThe K values ​​are 299.1K, 304.5K, and 306.4K, respectively. Both panels have the same material and structure, and both use heat-insulating material on the back, with a surface area of ​​1m × 1m. Based on the above parameters, the direct solar radiation values ​​calculated using this invention, the direct solar radiation values ​​obtained through direct testing, and the absolute values ​​of the relative errors between the two are shown in Table 1.

[0096] Table 1

[0097]

[0098] As can be seen from Table 1, the absolute value of the relative error is as low as 2.2%, which is less than 16%. The calculation method of the present invention has high calculation accuracy and can effectively obtain the amount of environmental radiation in outdoor experiments.

[0099] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an environmental radiation calculation device. The device embodiment can be implemented through software, hardware, or a combination of both. From a hardware perspective, as... Figure 3 The diagram shown is a hardware architecture diagram of a computing device containing an environmental radiation calculation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Except for...) Figure 3 In addition to the processor, memory, network interface, and non-volatile memory shown, the computing device in the embodiment may also include other hardware, such as a forwarding chip responsible for processing packets. Taking software implementation as an example, such as... Figure 4 As shown, a device in a logical sense is formed by the CPU of its computing device reading the corresponding computer program from non-volatile memory into memory and running it. This embodiment provides an environmental radiation calculation device, which includes:

[0100] The acquisition module 400 is used to acquire the first actual temperature of the first standard target under direct sunlight in the target environment; and to acquire the second actual temperature of the first standard target and the second standard target under the target environment without direct sunlight; wherein the surface emissivity of the first standard target and the second standard target is different;

[0101] The construction module 402 is used to establish a thermal balance equation corresponding to the first standard target and the second standard target based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature and the surface emissivity;

[0102] The calculation module 404 is used to calculate the ambient radiation in the target environment based on the heat balance equation.

[0103] In some specific implementations, the acquisition module 400 can be used to perform the above steps 100 and 102, the construction module 402 can be used to perform the above step 104, and the calculation module 404 can be used to perform the above step 106.

[0104] In one embodiment of the present invention, the back surfaces of both the first standard target and the second standard target are made of heat-insulating material; the back surfaces of both the first standard target and the second standard target are in contact with the ground.

[0105] In one embodiment of the present invention, the front of the standard target is placed under direct sunlight; and different standard targets have different surface emissivity on their front sides.

[0106] In one embodiment of the present invention, the construction module 402 is further configured to perform the following operations:

[0107] Thermal characteristic modeling is performed on the first standard target and the second standard target to determine the energy heat balance baseline equation;

[0108] Based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature, the surface emissivity, and the energy thermal balance reference equation, establish a thermal balance equation corresponding to each of the standard targets;

[0109] The first thermal balance equation for the first standard target under direct sunlight in the target environment is:

[0110] ε·q sky +α·q sun -[E+(1-ε)·q sky +(1-α)·q sun ]+cov1=0 (1)

[0111] The second thermal balance equations for both the first and second standard targets, under the target environment without direct sunlight, are:

[0112] ε·q sky -[E+(1-ε)·q sky ]+cov2=0 (2)

[0113] Wherein, α is used to characterize the absorptivity of the first standard target or the second standard target in the visible near-infrared band; ε is used to characterize the emissivity of the first standard target or the second standard target in the infrared band; q sky The longwave radiation value used to characterize the sky background in the target environment; q sunE is used to characterize the direct solar radiation value under the target environment; E is used to characterize the spontaneous emission value of the first standard target or the second standard target; cov1 is used to characterize the convective heat transfer of the first standard target under direct solar radiation in the target environment; cov2 is used to characterize the convective heat transfer of the first standard target or the second standard target under the target environment without direct solar radiation.

[0114] In one embodiment of the present invention, the environmental radiation includes the long-wave radiation value of the sky background, the direct solar radiation value, the convective heat transfer coefficient, and the convective heat transfer amount.

[0115] In one embodiment of the present invention, the arithmetic module 404 is used to perform the following operations:

[0116] According to the second heat balance equation, the long-wave radiation value of the sky background and the convective heat transfer coefficient are obtained;

[0117] The long-wave radiation value of the sky background is obtained by the following formula:

[0118]

[0119] The convective heat transfer coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0120]

[0121] Among them, h air Used to characterize the convective heat transfer coefficient; E c The spontaneous emission value used to characterize the first standard target; E b The spontaneous emission value used to characterize the second standard target; T c The second actual temperature used to characterize the first standard target; T b The second actual temperature used to characterize the second standard target; T air The air temperature used to characterize the target environment; ε a Used to characterize the emissivity of the first standard target in the infrared band; ε b Used to characterize the emissivity of the second standard target in the infrared band;

[0122] The direct solar radiation value is obtained based on the first heat balance equation and the second heat balance equation;

[0123] The direct solar radiation value is obtained using the following formula:

[0124]

[0125] Among them, T a The first actual temperature used to characterize the first standard target; αa Used to characterize the absorption rate of the first standard target in the visible and near-infrared bands.

[0126] It is understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a specific limitation on an environmental radiation calculation device. In other embodiments of the present invention, an environmental radiation calculation device may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine some components, or split some components, or have different component arrangements. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0127] The information interaction and execution process between the modules in the above-mentioned device are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present invention, and the specific details can be found in the description of the method embodiment of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0128] This invention also provides a computing device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements an environmental radiation calculation method according to any embodiment of this invention.

[0129] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform an environmental radiation calculation method according to any embodiment of this invention.

[0130] Specifically, a system or apparatus equipped with a storage medium may be provided, on which software program code implementing the functions of any of the embodiments described above is stored, and the computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or apparatus may read and execute the program code stored in the storage medium.

[0131] In this case, the program code read from the storage medium can itself implement the function of any of the above embodiments, and therefore the program code and the storage medium storing the program code constitute part of the present invention.

[0132] Examples of storage media used to provide program code include floppy disks, hard disks, magneto-optical disks, optical disks (such as CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD+RW), magnetic tapes, non-volatile memory cards, and ROMs. Alternatively, program code can be downloaded from a server computer via a communication network.

[0133] Furthermore, it should be clear that not only can the program code read by the computer be executed, but also the operating system on the computer can be instructed based on the program code to perform some or all of the actual operations, thereby realizing the function of any of the embodiments described above.

[0134] Furthermore, it is understood that the program code read from the storage medium is written to the memory set in the expansion board inserted into the computer or to the memory set in the expansion module connected to the computer. Then, based on the instructions of the program code, the CPU or other components installed on the expansion board or expansion module execute some and all of the actual operations, thereby realizing the function of any of the above embodiments.

[0135] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0136] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0137] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating environmental radiation, characterized in that, include: Obtain the first actual temperature of the first standard target under direct sunlight in the target environment; Obtain the second actual temperature of the first and second standard targets in the target environment without direct sunlight; wherein the surface emissivity of the first and second standard targets is different; Based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature, and the surface emissivity, establish thermal balance equations corresponding to the first standard target and the second standard target; The ambient radiation under the target environment is calculated based on the heat balance equation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the back of the first and second standard targets are made of heat-insulating material; both the backs of the first and second standard targets are in contact with the ground.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The establishment of the heat balance equations corresponding to the first standard target and the second standard target includes: Thermal characteristic modeling is performed on the first standard target and the second standard target to determine the energy heat balance baseline equation; Based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature, the surface emissivity, and the energy thermal balance reference equation, establish a thermal balance equation corresponding to each of the standard targets; The first thermal balance equation for the first standard target under direct sunlight in the target environment is: ε·q sky +α·q sun -[E+(1-ε)·q sky +(1-α)·q sun ]+cov1=0 The second thermal balance equations for both the first and second standard targets, under the target environment without direct sunlight, are: ε·q sky -[E+(1-ε)·q sky ]+cov2=0 Wherein, α is used to characterize the absorptivity of the first standard target or the second standard target in the visible near-infrared band; ε is used to characterize the emissivity of the first standard target or the second standard target in the infrared band; q sky The longwave radiation value used to characterize the sky background in the target environment; q sun E is used to characterize the direct solar radiation value under the target environment; E is used to characterize the spontaneous emission value of the first standard target or the second standard target; cov1 is used to characterize the convective heat transfer of the first standard target under direct solar radiation in the target environment; cov2 is used to characterize the convective heat transfer of the first standard target or the second standard target under the target environment without direct solar radiation.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The environmental radiation includes the long-wave radiation value of the sky background, the direct solar radiation value, the convective heat transfer coefficient, and the convective heat transfer.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation of the ambient radiation under the target environment based on the heat balance equation includes: According to the second heat balance equation, the long-wave radiation value of the sky background and the convective heat transfer coefficient are obtained; The long-wave radiation value of the sky background is obtained by the following formula: The convective heat transfer coefficient is obtained by the following formula: Among them, h air Used to characterize the convective heat transfer coefficient; E c The spontaneous emission value used to characterize the first standard target; E b The spontaneous emission value used to characterize the second standard target; T c The second actual temperature used to characterize the first standard target; T b The second actual temperature used to characterize the second standard target; T air The air temperature used to characterize the target environment; ε a Used to characterize the emissivity of the first standard target in the infrared band; ε b Used to characterize the emissivity of the second standard target in the infrared band.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation of the ambient radiation under the target environment based on the heat balance equation includes: The direct solar radiation value is obtained based on the first heat balance equation and the second heat balance equation; The direct solar radiation value is obtained using the following formula: Among them, T a The first actual temperature used to characterize the first standard target; α a Used to characterize the absorption rate of the first standard target in the visible and near-infrared bands.

7. An environmental radiation calculation device, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the first actual temperature of the first standard target under direct sunlight in the target environment; And to obtain the second actual temperature of the first standard target and the second standard target in the target environment without direct sunlight; wherein the surface emissivity of the first standard target and the second standard target is different; The construction module is used to establish thermal balance equations corresponding to the first standard target and the second standard target based on the first actual temperature, the second actual temperature and the surface emissivity; The calculation module is used to calculate the ambient radiation in the target environment based on the heat balance equation.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both the back of the first and second standard targets are made of heat-insulating material; both the backs of the first and second standard targets are in contact with the ground.

9. A computing device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-6.

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