Stack cold shutdown control method, device, equipment, medium and product
By calculating the deviation between the actual and ideal voltage decay rate of the fuel cell stack and the change in its service life, the cold shutdown operation of the fuel cell stack is optimized, which solves the problem of low reliability in traditional methods and improves the overall performance of the power supply system and the service life of the fuel cell stack.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGZHOU POWER SUPPLY BUREAU GUANGDONG POWER GRID CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
Smart Images
Figure CN117117246B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of fuel cell stack cold start-up and shutdown, and in particular to a fuel cell stack cold shutdown control method, apparatus, equipment, medium and product. Background Technology
[0002] A fuel cell stack is a device that can mix fuels such as hydrogen and natural gas with oxygen and then react chemically at high temperatures to generate electricity. Due to its advantages such as high efficiency and low emissions, fuel cell stacks are widely used in power supply systems.
[0003] In traditional technologies, when the power supply system's demand for electricity decreases, one or more fuel cell stacks in the system are cold-shutdowned to adapt to the current power demand and reduce resource waste. Cold shutdown involves lowering the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack to a low level, thereby reducing its output power or stopping it from operating altogether. However, cold shutdown can shorten the lifespan of the fuel cell stacks, and because the actual degradation of each fuel cell stack in the power supply system varies during operation, traditional methods for controlling cold shutdown of fuel cell stacks have low reliability. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and product for controlling the cold shutdown of fuel cell stacks in response to the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0005] Firstly, this application provides a method for controlling the cold shutdown of a fuel cell stack. The method includes:
[0006] When the start signal for the cold shutdown task of the fuel cell stack is obtained, the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate of each fuel cell stack in the target power supply system are obtained, and the decay rate deviation of each fuel cell stack is determined based on the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate. The start signal carries the power load demand of the target power supply system.
[0007] Based on the attenuation rate deviation of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received, the change in the lifespan of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received is determined, and based on the change in lifespan, the total change in lifespan of each fuel cell stack up to the current moment is determined.
[0008] The target stack to be cold-shut down is determined based on the total change in the service life of each stack, so that the power supply generated by the remaining stack after the target stack is cold-shut down matches the power load demand.
[0009] In one embodiment, determining the target stack to be cold-shutdown based on the total changes in each lifetime includes:
[0010] Based on the total change in service life from high to low, target fuel cells are determined sequentially until the power supply generated by the remaining fuel cells after the target fuel cells are cold-shut down matches the power load demand.
[0011] In one embodiment, the target fuel cell stack is determined sequentially from high to low based on the total change in lifetime, including:
[0012] Based on the total change in service life from high to low, candidate fuel cells for cold shutdown are determined in order.
[0013] Obtain the target total number of cold shutdowns performed on each candidate fuel cell stack within the preset time period up to the current time.
[0014] If the total number of times the target is less than the target preset number of times threshold, the target candidate stack will be determined as the target stack.
[0015] In one embodiment, determining the target candidate stack as the target stack includes:
[0016] The service life of each fuel cell stack is determined based on the ideal voltage decay rate and the preset supply voltage threshold.
[0017] Obtain the target runtime from the initial startup of each target candidate stack at the current time. If the difference between the target lifespan and the target runtime of the target candidate stack is less than the preset lifespan threshold, the target candidate stack is preferentially identified as the target stack.
[0018] In one embodiment, determining the target stack for cold shutdown based on the total changes in service life further includes:
[0019] When the power load demand exceeds the preset demand threshold, the fuel cell stack corresponding to the total change in maximum service life is determined as the target fuel cell stack.
[0020] In one embodiment, determining the attenuation rate deviation of each stack each time a start signal is acquired includes:
[0021] Obtain the time interval between each received start signal and the most recent received start signal;
[0022] Based on the interval duration and the attenuation rate deviation of each fuel cell stack, the change in the lifespan of each fuel cell stack when it receives a start-up signal is determined.
[0023] Secondly, this application also provides a fuel cell stack cold shutdown control device. The device includes:
[0024] The attenuation rate deviation determination module is used to obtain the actual voltage attenuation rate and ideal voltage attenuation rate of each stack in the target power supply system when the start signal of the stack cold shutdown task is obtained, and to determine the attenuation rate deviation of each stack based on the actual voltage attenuation rate and ideal voltage attenuation rate. The start signal carries the power load demand of the target power supply system.
[0025] The module for determining the total change in service life is used to determine the change in service life of the fuel cell stack each time it receives a start signal, based on the attenuation rate deviation of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received, and to determine the total change in service life of each fuel cell stack up to the current moment based on the change in service life.
[0026] The module for determining the target electric stack to be shut down is used to determine the target electric stack to be shut down based on the total change in the service life of each stack, so that the power supply generated by the remaining electric stack after the target electric stack is shut down matches the power load demand.
[0027] Thirdly, this application also provides a computer device. The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to perform the following steps:
[0028] When the start signal for the cold shutdown task of the fuel cell stack is obtained, the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate of each fuel cell stack in the target power supply system are obtained, and the decay rate deviation of each fuel cell stack is determined based on the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate. The start signal carries the power load demand of the target power supply system.
[0029] Based on the attenuation rate deviation of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received, the change in the lifespan of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received is determined, and based on the change in lifespan, the total change in lifespan of each fuel cell stack up to the current moment is determined.
[0030] The target stack to be cold-shut down is determined based on the total change in the service life of each stack, so that the power supply generated by the remaining stack after the target stack is cold-shut down matches the power load demand.
[0031] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:
[0032] When the start signal for the cold shutdown task of the fuel cell stack is obtained, the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate of each fuel cell stack in the target power supply system are obtained, and the decay rate deviation of each fuel cell stack is determined based on the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate. The start signal carries the power load demand of the target power supply system.
[0033] Based on the attenuation rate deviation of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received, the change in the lifespan of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received is determined, and based on the change in lifespan, the total change in lifespan of each fuel cell stack up to the current moment is determined.
[0034] The target stack to be cold-shut down is determined based on the total change in the service life of each stack, so that the power supply generated by the remaining stack after the target stack is cold-shut down matches the power load demand.
[0035] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:
[0036] When the start signal for the cold shutdown task of the fuel cell stack is obtained, the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate of each fuel cell stack in the target power supply system are obtained, and the decay rate deviation of each fuel cell stack is determined based on the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate. The start signal carries the power load demand of the target power supply system.
[0037] Based on the attenuation rate deviation of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received, the change in the lifespan of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received is determined, and based on the change in lifespan, the total change in lifespan of each fuel cell stack up to the current moment is determined.
[0038] The target stack to be cold-shut down is determined based on the total change in the service life of each stack, so that the power supply generated by the remaining stack after the target stack is cold-shut down matches the power load demand.
[0039] The aforementioned fuel cell stack cold shutdown control method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and product, upon receiving a start signal for a fuel cell stack cold shutdown task, acquires the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate of each fuel cell stack within the target power supply system. Based on the actual and ideal voltage decay rates, the decay rate deviation of each fuel cell stack is determined. The start signal carries the power load demand of the target power supply system. Based on the decay rate deviation of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received, the change in the lifespan of the fuel cell stack upon receiving the start signal is determined. Based on the change in lifespan, the total change in the lifespan of each fuel cell stack up to the current moment is determined. Based on the total change in lifespan, the target fuel cell stack to be cold-shut down is determined, so that the power supply generated by the remaining fuel cell stacks after the target fuel cell stack's cold shutdown matches the power load demand. This application employs the aforementioned method. Upon receiving a start signal for a cold shutdown of the fuel cell stack, it determines the change in the lifespan of each stack up to the current moment upon receiving the start signal, based on the actual and ideal voltage decay rates of each stack within the target power supply system. This means determining the current lifespan decay of each stack upon receiving the start signal. The target stack is then determined based on this lifespan decay, ensuring that the power supply generated by the remaining stacks after the target stack's cold shutdown matches the power load demand of the target power supply system. This improves the reliability of determining the target stack for each cold shutdown. Furthermore, determining the target stack for cold shutdown and the remaining stacks that can continue operating based on the actual lifespan decay of each stack helps ensure the adequacy of each stack's operation, thereby improving the overall output performance of the target power supply system. Attached Figure Description
[0040] Figure 1 This is an application environment diagram of the fuel cell stack cold shutdown control method in one embodiment;
[0041] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a cold shutdown control method for a fuel cell stack in one embodiment;
[0042] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the determination of a target fuel cell stack in one embodiment;
[0043] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the determination of a target fuel cell stack based on its service life in one embodiment;
[0044] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the determination of changes in the lifespan of a fuel cell stack in one embodiment.
[0045] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of the fuel cell stack cold shutdown control device in one embodiment;
[0046] Figure 7This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment;
[0047] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a computer device in another embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.
[0049] The fuel cell stack cold shutdown control method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 1 In the application environment shown, terminal 102 communicates with server 104 via a network. A data storage system can store the data that server 104 needs to process. The data storage system can be integrated onto server 104 or located in the cloud or on other network servers. Terminal 102 can be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and portable wearable devices. IoT devices can include smart speakers, smart TVs, smart air conditioners, smart vehicle devices, etc. Portable wearable devices can include smartwatches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, etc. Terminal 102 is a terminal device connected to each power stack within the target power supply system. Terminal 102 can acquire and record characteristic parameters, operating data, and voltage decay data of each power stack within the target power supply system in real time. Server 104 can be implemented using a standalone server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers.
[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, this method is applied to Figure 1 Taking a terminal as an example, it can be understood that this method can also be applied to a server, and to a system that includes both a terminal and a server, and is implemented through the interaction between the terminal and the server. In this embodiment, the method includes the following steps:
[0051] Step 202: When the start signal of the cold shutdown task of the fuel cell stack is obtained, the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate of each fuel cell stack in the target power supply system are obtained, and the decay rate deviation of each fuel cell stack is determined based on the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate. The start signal carries the power load demand of the target power supply system.
[0052] The target power supply system can be a power supply system within a specific region, which includes multiple fuel cells for generating electricity. These fuel cells often have varying performance characteristics. When the power load demand of the target power supply system decreases, i.e., when the demand for power generation decreases, a cold shutdown task is issued for the fuel cells. Cold shutdown involves lowering the operating temperature of the fuel cells to a low temperature to reduce the output power of the fuel cells or to stop the fuel cells from operating.
[0053] It is worth noting that cold shutdowns can reduce the lifespan of fuel cell stacks. Repeated cold shutdowns over a long period will shorten the stack's lifespan. Furthermore, the lifespan of a fuel cell stack will also decrease as its operating time increases. When a cold shutdown task initiation signal is received, it indicates that the target power supply system will begin selecting one or more suitable fuel cell stacks to perform a cold shutdown operation.
[0054] The actual voltage decay rate of a fuel cell stack is the rate at which its voltage gradually decreases over time during actual operation. The actual voltage decay rate can be used to measure the lifespan and performance of the fuel cell stack. A smaller actual voltage decay rate indicates relatively stable performance and a potentially longer lifespan; conversely, a larger actual voltage decay rate indicates faster performance degradation. The actual voltage decay rate can be calculated by monitoring the voltage data of the fuel cell stack in real time, obtaining data on voltage changes over a specific time period, and thus determining the rate of voltage change. The ideal voltage decay rate of a fuel cell stack is the rate at which the voltage changes over time under ideal conditions and in a stable operating state. The ideal voltage decay rate is typically determined by the fuel cell stack manufacturer based on design processes and operational simulations; that is, the ideal voltage decay rate can be a preset, fixed value.
[0055] The voltage decay rate deviation of a fuel cell stack is the difference between the actual voltage decay rate and the ideal voltage decay rate. This difference can be positive, negative, or zero. The voltage decay rate deviation indicates the increase or decrease in the actual voltage decay rate relative to the ideal voltage decay rate. A positive deviation indicates a larger actual decay rate and faster performance degradation of the fuel cell stack; a negative or zero deviation indicates a smaller actual decay rate and relatively better or more stable performance of the fuel cell stack.
[0056] For example, when the start signal for the cold shutdown task of the fuel cell stack is received, the decay rate deviation of each fuel cell stack can be calculated according to the following formula:
[0057] a km =i km -D;
[0058] Among them, a kmIt is the attenuation rate deviation of fuel cell stack k when it receives the m-th cold shutdown task issued by the target power supply system; i km denoted as k is the actual attenuation rate of fuel cell stack k when it receives the m-th cold shutdown task from the target power supply system; D is the ideal voltage attenuation rate of the fuel cell stack, representing the percentage of attenuation per thousand hours relative to its initial voltage. The ideal voltage attenuation rate of each fuel cell stack can be preset according to the value provided by the manufacturer, meaning that the ideal voltage attenuation rate D of each fuel cell stack can be a fixed value. To facilitate calculation and analysis of specific fuel cell stack performance, multiple fuel cell stacks within the target power supply system can be numbered. Each number is used to characterize the uniqueness of the fuel cell stack, meaning that a unique fuel cell stack can be identified based on its number. In this embodiment, the value of the fuel cell stack number k is N*, i.e., k = 1, 2, ..., n, n ∈ N*, where n is the total number of fuel cell stacks. Based on the formula for calculating the attenuation rate deviation of each fuel cell stack, the attenuation rate deviation of each fuel cell stack when the target power supply system issues a cold shutdown task can be calculated.
[0059] Step 204: Based on the attenuation rate deviation of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received, determine the change in the lifespan of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received, and based on the change in lifespan, determine the total change in the lifespan of each fuel cell stack up to the current moment.
[0060] As mentioned above, the start signal is the signal that the target power supply system will begin selecting one or more suitable fuel cell stacks to perform a cold shutdown operation. However, the data on the power load demand of the target power supply system carried in each start signal may be different, meaning the reduction in power load demand may also vary. The change in fuel cell stack lifespan is the deviation between the actual lifespan and the expected lifespan during actual operation due to various factors. The change in fuel cell stack lifespan can be calculated based on the fuel cell stack's attenuation rate deviation. The change in fuel cell stack lifespan can be positive or negative. When the change in fuel cell stack lifespan is positive, it indicates that the actual lifespan of the fuel cell stack is less than the expected lifespan, meaning the actual lifespan is shorter than its ideal lifespan. When the change in fuel cell stack lifespan is negative, it indicates that the actual lifespan is more than the expected lifespan, meaning the actual lifespan is longer than its ideal lifespan. When the change in fuel cell stack lifespan is 0, it indicates that the actual lifespan is equal to the expected lifespan. The total change in the lifetime of the fuel cell stack up to the current moment is the sum of the changes in lifetime of the fuel cell stack each time it receives a start-up signal. As mentioned above, the larger the total change in the lifetime of the fuel cell stack, the more severe the degradation of the fuel cell stack's lifetime and performance. Therefore, based on the total change in the lifetime of the fuel cell stack, we can know the remaining lifetime of the fuel cell stack, which can help assess the performance and health status of the fuel cell stack.
[0061] For example, the total change in the lifetime of each fuel cell stack can be calculated using the following formula:
[0062]
[0063] in, B is the total change in the service life of fuel cell stack k when the m-th cold shutdown task is issued by the target power supply system; km It represents the change in the service life of fuel cell stack k when the target power supply system issues the m-th cold shutdown task.
[0064] Step 206: Determine the target stack to be cold-shut down based on the total change in service life, so that the power supply generated by the remaining stack after the target stack is cold-shut down matches the power load demand.
[0065] The target power stack is the power stack in the target power supply system that is determined to require a cold shutdown at the current moment. The power supply is the total amount of electricity that the remaining power stacks can generate. After the target power stack is determined, the power supply generated by the remaining power stacks should match the power load demand.
[0066] For example, after determining the target fuel cell stack to be cold-shutdown based on the total changes in each lifetime, the operating temperature of the target fuel cell stack is reduced to a low temperature state, and the remaining fuel cell stacks in the target power supply system are controlled to continue operating so that the power supply generated by the remaining fuel cell stacks matches the power load demand.
[0067] In the aforementioned fuel cell stack cold shutdown control method, upon receiving a start signal for a fuel cell stack cold shutdown task, the method determines the change in the lifespan of each fuel cell stack at the current moment upon receiving the start signal, based on the actual and ideal voltage decay rates of each fuel cell stack within the target power supply system. This means determining the current lifespan decay of each fuel cell stack at the time of receiving the start signal. The target fuel cell stack is then determined based on this lifespan decay, ensuring that the power supply generated by the remaining fuel cell stacks after the target fuel cell stack's cold shutdown matches the power load demand of the target power supply system. This improves the reliability of determining the target fuel cell stack for each cold shutdown. Furthermore, determining the target fuel cell stack for cold shutdown and the remaining fuel cell stacks that can continue operating based on the actual lifespan decay of each fuel cell stack helps ensure the adequacy of each fuel cell stack's operation, thereby improving the overall output performance of the target power supply system.
[0068] In one embodiment, determining the target electric stack to be cold-shutdown based on the total changes in service life includes: sequentially determining the target electric stacks from high to low based on the total changes in service life, until the power supply generated by the remaining electric stacks after the target electric stacks are cold-shutdown matches the power load demand.
[0069] As mentioned above, the greater the total change in the lifespan of the fuel cell stack, the more severe the degradation of its lifespan and performance. Fuel cells with a large total change in lifespan are identified as target stacks that may undergo cold shutdown. This protects other fuel cells with smaller total changes in lifespan, i.e., those with better performance, while also reducing the usage time of target stacks with more severe lifespan degradation. In other words, fuel cells with poor performance or faster lifespan degradation will undertake more cold shutdown tasks, while fuel cells with good performance or slower lifespan degradation will undertake fewer cold shutdown tasks. This provides some protection for the target fuel cell stack and helps ensure the output performance of the target power supply system.
[0070] For example, after determining the total change in the service life of each fuel cell stack in the target power supply system, the target fuel cell stacks are determined sequentially from high to low according to the total change in service life, and a cold shutdown operation is performed on the target fuel cell stacks until the power supply generated by the remaining fuel cell stacks after the cold shutdown of the target fuel cell stacks matches the power load demand, that is, the power supply generated by the remaining fuel cell stacks is greater than or equal to the power load demand, and the difference between the power supply and the power load demand is not greater than a preset difference threshold. For example, the power supply generated by the remaining fuel cell stacks is not more than 0.2MW of the power load demand.
[0071] In this embodiment, the target stacks are determined from high to low based on the total change in service life. That is, one or more stacks with the most severe service life degradation are identified as target stacks. This helps to reduce the loss of service life of high-performance stacks. At the same time, it can also reduce the usage time of target stacks with more severe service life degradation, thereby providing a certain degree of protection for the target stacks and improving the reliability of determining the target stacks to be cold-shutdown.
[0072] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the target fuel cell stacks are determined sequentially from highest to lowest based on the total change in service life, including:
[0073] Step 302: Based on the total change in service life from high to low, determine the candidate fuel cells for cold shutdown in sequence.
[0074] Among them, the candidate fuel cell stacks are the target fuel cell stacks with the largest total change in service life and the highest ranking, that is, the candidate fuel cell stacks are the target fuel cell stacks with more serious service life degradation.
[0075] For example, based on the current power supply and power load demand of the target power supply system, the two fuel cells with the largest total change in service life are identified as candidate fuel cells.
[0076] Step 304: Obtain the target total number of cold shutdowns performed on each candidate fuel cell stack within the preset time period up to the current time.
[0077] For example, as can be seen from the above, the more times a fuel cell stack undergoes cold shutdown operations, the more severe the degradation of its lifespan. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the target total number of cold shutdowns performed on each candidate fuel cell stack within a preset time period. The preset time period is the time cycle for monitoring the performance of fuel cell stacks within the target power supply system; for example, the preset time period could be one year.
[0078] Step 306: If the total number of times the target is less than the target preset number of times threshold, the target candidate stack is determined as the target stack.
[0079] Because the more times a fuel cell stack undergoes cold shutdown operations, the more its lifespan decreases, each fuel cell stack has a target number of cold shutdown operations set at the factory to maximize its lifespan. This target number of cold shutdown operations represents the maximum number of times a candidate fuel cell stack can perform cold shutdown operations within a preset time period. Since the performance of each fuel cell stack varies, the target number of cold shutdown operations may also differ for each stack. For example, a target number of cold shutdown operations for a candidate fuel cell stack might be 5, meaning that the candidate fuel cell stack can perform a maximum of 5 cold shutdown operations per year.
[0080] For example, when the total number of cold shutdown operations is less than the target preset threshold, it means that the total number of cold shutdown operations performed by the candidate fuel cell has not yet reached the corresponding target preset threshold. In other words, the candidate fuel cell can continue to perform cold shutdown operations at the current moment, so the candidate fuel cell can be identified as the target fuel cell. However, when the total number of cold shutdown operations is not less than the target preset threshold, it means that the total number of cold shutdown operations performed by the candidate fuel cell has reached the corresponding target preset threshold. In other words, the candidate fuel cell cannot continue to perform cold shutdown operations at the current moment, so the candidate fuel cell cannot be identified as the target fuel cell.
[0081] In this embodiment, during the process of determining the target fuel cell stack based on the magnitude of the total change in service life, the target fuel cell stack is further determined by comparing the target total number of cold shutdowns performed by each candidate fuel cell stack within a preset time period with the target number threshold. This helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of determining the target fuel cell stack.
[0082] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, determining the target candidate fuel cell stack as the target fuel cell stack includes:
[0083] Step 402: Determine the service life of each fuel cell stack based on the ideal voltage decay rate and the preset power supply voltage threshold.
[0084] Among them, the lifespan of the fuel cell stack is the longest service time that the fuel cell stack can achieve under ideal conditions. The lifespan of the fuel cell stack can be calculated based on the ideal voltage decay rate of the fuel cell stack and the preset supply voltage threshold.
[0085] For example, the lifespan of each fuel cell stack can be calculated using the following formula:
[0086] L = (1 - Y%) / D;
[0087] Where L is the lifespan of the fuel cell stack; Y% is the percentage of the initial voltage at which the stack is about to stop operating, and the product of Y% and the initial voltage is the preset supply voltage threshold of the stack. In other words, when the voltage of the stack drops to the corresponding preset supply voltage threshold, the stack will stop operating; D is the ideal voltage decay rate of the stack. For example, if the ideal voltage decay rate D of a certain fuel cell stack is 0.2% / kh, and the percentage of the initial voltage at which the stack is about to stop operating is Y% = 80%, then the lifespan of the stack is L = (1-80%) / 0.2% / kh = 100kh, which is 100kh, or 100,000 hours.
[0088] Step 404: Obtain the target runtime from the time of the initial start-up of each target candidate stack. If the difference between the target lifespan and the target runtime of the target candidate stack is less than the preset lifespan threshold, the target candidate stack is preferentially identified as the target stack.
[0089] For example, the target runtime is the runtime from the initial startup of the target candidate fuel cell stack at the current moment. Since the initial startup time of each fuel cell stack, as well as the time and number of cold starts and cold shutdowns during use, are different, the target runtime of the target candidate fuel cell stack may also be different. The difference between the fuel cell stack's lifetime and the runtime is the remaining lifetime of the fuel cell stack. The preset lifetime threshold is the critical value corresponding to the end of the fuel cell stack's lifetime. When the difference between the fuel cell stack's lifetime and the runtime is less than the preset lifetime threshold, that is, when the remaining lifetime of the fuel cell stack is less than the preset lifetime threshold, it indicates that the fuel cell stack is about to stop operating.
[0090] As described above, to protect both high-performance and severely degraded fuel cell stacks, stacks with a larger total change in service life are prioritized as target stacks. However, a large total change in service life does not necessarily mean the shortest remaining service life. While stacks with severe service life degradation can be prioritized, this is also to ensure the service life of stacks undergoing cold shutdown operations. In determining target candidate stacks, it is necessary to consider whether the remaining service life of target candidate stacks with a large total change in service life is less than a preset service life threshold. When the remaining service life of a target candidate stack is less than the preset threshold, it indicates that the target candidate stack will be shut down. Target candidate stacks about to be shut down can be prioritized for cold shutdown operations, thereby extending their service life as much as possible and ensuring their full utilization. For example, if the preset service life threshold for a candidate stack is 1 hour, and the difference between the current service life of the candidate stack and the target operating time is less than 1 hour, it indicates that the candidate stack will be shut down and can be selected as a target stack for cold shutdown operations.
[0091] Furthermore, if the decrease or increase in power load demand at the current moment is small compared to the power load demand when the start-up signal was last received—for example, if the decrease or increase is less than a preset threshold (which could be 1MW)—candidate fuel cells with remaining service life less than the preset lifespan threshold can be initially identified as target fuel cells. After these candidate fuel cells cease operation, the target fuel cell can be re-identified based on the requirements of the power supply system at that time and the aforementioned method for identifying target fuel cells. Additionally, after candidate fuel cells with remaining service life less than the preset lifespan threshold cease operation, the target fuel cell can also be re-identified based on the requirements of the power supply system at that time and the aforementioned method for identifying target fuel cells.
[0092] In this embodiment, the target electric stack is further determined from the target candidate electric stacks by comparing the remaining service life of the electric stack with a preset service life threshold, thereby ensuring the service time and sufficiency of the target electric stack that will be subjected to cold shutdown operation.
[0093] In one embodiment, determining the target stack for cold shutdown based on the total change in service life further includes: when the power load demand exceeds a preset demand threshold, determining the stack corresponding to the maximum total change in service life as the target stack.
[0094] For example, the preset demand threshold is determined based on the minimum power supply that the target power supply system can generate when only one stack is shut down. Therefore, the preset demand threshold is less than the minimum power supply generated when all stacks in the target power supply system are operating simultaneously. When the current power load demand of the target power supply system is greater than the preset demand threshold, it indicates that there is only one target stack that needs to be cold-shut down. Therefore, the stack corresponding to the total change in maximum service life can be directly identified as the target stack, that is, the stack with the most severe degradation can be identified as the target stack, thereby improving the efficiency of target stack determination.
[0095] In this embodiment, when the power load demand exceeds a preset demand threshold, the fuel cell stack corresponding to the total change in maximum service life is identified as the target fuel cell stack, which helps to improve the efficiency of target fuel cell stack determination.
[0096] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the attenuation rate deviation of each fuel cell stack is determined each time a start-up signal is received, including:
[0097] Step 502: Obtain the interval between each received start signal and the most recent received start signal.
[0098] For example, if the current time of receiving the start signal is 9:00 AM on August 19, 2023, and the time of the last time the start signal was received was 9:00 AM on August 15, 2023, then the interval is 120 hours.
[0099] Step 504: Determine the change in the lifespan of each fuel cell stack when it receives a start-up signal each time, based on the interval duration and the attenuation rate deviation of each fuel cell stack.
[0100] Since the timing of each startup signal is not periodic, the lifespan of the same fuel cell stack varies each time it receives a startup signal.
[0101] For example, the change in lifetime of each fuel cell stack when it receives a startup signal is calculated using the following formula:
[0102]
[0103] Among them, B km It is the change in the service life of stack k when the target power supply system issues the m-th cold shutdown task; a km It is the attenuation rate deviation of stack k when it receives the m-th cold shutdown task issued by the target power supply system; T k(m) is the interval between the m-th and m-1-th cold shutdown tasks issued by the target power supply system for fuel cell stack k; D is the ideal voltage decay rate of the fuel cell stack.
[0104] When B km When B is negative, it indicates that the lifespan of the k-th fuel cell stack is longer than its ideal condition; when B km When B is positive, it indicates that the lifespan of the k-th fuel cell stack is shorter than its ideal state; when B... km When the value is 0, it indicates that the service life of the k-th fuel cell stack is no different from its ideal state.
[0105] In this embodiment, the change in the lifespan of each fuel cell stack when it receives a start-up signal is determined by the interval duration and the attenuation rate deviation of each stack, which helps to ensure the accuracy of the total lifespan change calculated subsequently.
[0106] This embodiment employs the aforementioned method. Upon receiving a start signal for a cold shutdown of the fuel cell stack, it determines the change in the lifespan of each stack up to the current moment upon receiving the start signal, based on the actual and ideal voltage decay rates of each stack within the target power supply system. This means determining the current lifespan decay of each stack at the time of the start signal acquisition. The target stack is then determined based on this lifespan decay, ensuring that the power supply generated by the remaining stacks after the target stack's cold shutdown matches the power load demand of the target power supply system. This improves the reliability of determining the target stack for each cold shutdown. Furthermore, determining the target stack for cold shutdown and the remaining stacks that can continue operating based on the actual lifespan decay of each stack helps ensure the adequacy of each stack's operation, thereby enhancing the overall output performance of the target power supply system.
[0107] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.
[0108] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a fuel cell cold shutdown control device for implementing the above-mentioned fuel cell cold shutdown control method. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more fuel cell cold shutdown control device embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the fuel cell cold shutdown control method described above, and will not be repeated here.
[0109] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, a cold shutdown control device for an electric fuel cell stack is provided, comprising: a decay rate deviation determination module 602, a total service life change determination module 604, and a fuel cell stack to be cold-shutdown determination module 606, wherein:
[0110] The attenuation rate deviation determination module 602 is used to obtain the actual voltage attenuation rate and ideal voltage attenuation rate of each electric stack in the target power supply system when the start signal of the electric stack cold shutdown task is obtained, and to determine the attenuation rate deviation of each electric stack based on the actual voltage attenuation rate and ideal voltage attenuation rate. The start signal carries the power load demand of the target power supply system.
[0111] The total service life change determination module 604 is used to determine the service life change of the fuel cell stack each time it receives a start signal based on the attenuation rate deviation of the fuel cell stack each time a start signal is obtained, and to determine the total service life change of each fuel cell stack up to the current moment based on the service life change.
[0112] The module 606 for determining the target electric stack to be shut down is used to determine the target electric stack to be shut down based on the total change in the service life of each stack, so that the power supply generated by the remaining electric stack after the target electric stack is shut down matches the power load demand.
[0113] In one embodiment, the cold shutdown stack determination module 606 is further configured to: sequentially determine target stacks from high to low based on the total change in service life, until the power supply generated by the remaining stacks after the target stacks are cold shut down matches the power load demand.
[0114] In one embodiment, the cold shutdown stack determination module 606 is further configured to: determine candidate stacks for cold shutdown based on the total change in service life and the power load demand; obtain the target total number of cold shutdowns performed by each candidate stack within a preset time period up to the current time; and determine the target candidate stack as the target stack if the target total number of cold shutdowns is less than the target preset number threshold.
[0115] In one embodiment, the cold shutdown stack determination module 606 is further configured to: determine the lifespan of each stack based on the ideal voltage decay rate and the preset power supply voltage threshold; obtain the target operating time from the time of the initial start-up of each target candidate stack; and, if the difference between the target lifespan and the target operating time of the target candidate stack is less than the preset lifespan threshold, preferentially determine the target candidate stack as the target stack.
[0116] In one embodiment, the fuel cell stack determination module 606 is further configured to: determine the fuel cell stack corresponding to the total change in maximum service life as the target fuel cell stack when the power load demand is greater than a preset demand threshold.
[0117] In one embodiment, the total lifespan change determination module 604 is further configured to: obtain the interval between each received start signal and the most recent received start signal; and determine the lifespan change of each fuel cell stack each time a start signal is received, based on the interval and the attenuation rate deviation of each fuel cell stack.
[0118] Each module in the aforementioned fuel cell stack cold shutdown control device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in the processor of a computer device in hardware form or independent of it, or stored in the memory of a computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.
[0119] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, and network interface connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores characteristic parameter data, operating data, and voltage decay data of each fuel cell stack within the target power supply system. The network interface communicates with external terminals via a network connection. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a fuel cell stack cold shutdown control method.
[0120] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 8As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a cold shutdown control method for an electric stack. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink display screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.
[0121] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 7 and Figure 8 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.
[0122] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.
[0123] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.
[0124] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.
[0125] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties.
[0126] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.
[0127] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0128] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A method for controlling the cold shutdown of a fuel cell stack, characterized in that, The method includes: When the start signal for the cold shutdown task of the fuel cell stack is obtained, the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate of each fuel cell stack in the target power supply system are obtained, and the decay rate deviation of each fuel cell stack is determined based on the actual voltage decay rate and ideal voltage decay rate. The start signal carries the power load demand of the target power supply system. Based on the attenuation rate deviation of the fuel cell stack each time the start signal is received, the change in the lifespan of the fuel cell stack each time the start signal is received is determined, and based on the change in lifespan, the total change in lifespan of each fuel cell stack up to the current moment is determined. Based on the total change in service life from high to low, candidate power stacks for cold shutdown are determined sequentially; the target total number of cold shutdowns performed on each candidate power stack within a preset time period up to the current time is obtained; if the target total number of cold shutdowns is less than a target preset number threshold, the service life of each power stack is determined based on the ideal voltage decay rate and a preset supply voltage threshold; the target operating time from the current time to the initial start-up of each target candidate power stack is obtained; if the difference between the target service life and the target operating time of a target candidate power stack is less than a preset service life threshold, the target candidate power stack is preferentially determined as the target power stack, so that the power supply generated by the remaining power stack after the target power stack's cold shutdown matches the power load demand.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage decay rate deviation of the fuel cell is the difference between the actual voltage decay rate of the fuel cell and the ideal voltage decay rate of the fuel cell.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target preset number threshold is the maximum number of times the candidate fuel cell stack performs a cold shutdown operation within the preset time period.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actual voltage decay rate of the fuel cell stack is the rate at which the voltage of the fuel cell stack gradually decreases over time during actual operation; the ideal voltage decay rate of the fuel cell stack is the rate at which the voltage of the fuel cell stack changes over time under ideal conditions when it is in a stable operating state.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the target fuel cell stack to be cooled down based on the total change in the service life of each of the aforementioned fuel cell stacks also includes: If the power load demand exceeds a preset demand threshold, the fuel cell stack corresponding to the maximum total change in the service life will be identified as the target fuel cell stack.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the change in the lifespan of the fuel cell stack each time it receives the start-up signal, based on the attenuation rate deviation of the stack each time the start-up signal is received, includes: Obtain the time interval between each received start signal and the most recent received start signal; Based on the interval duration and the attenuation rate deviation of each fuel cell stack, the change in the lifespan of each fuel cell stack when it receives the start-up signal is determined.
7. A cold shutdown control device for an electric fuel cell stack, characterized in that, The apparatus comprising the method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the apparatus includes: The attenuation rate deviation determination module is used to obtain the actual voltage attenuation rate and ideal voltage attenuation rate of each electric stack in the target power supply system when the start signal of the electric stack cold shutdown task is obtained, and to determine the attenuation rate deviation of each electric stack based on the actual voltage attenuation rate and ideal voltage attenuation rate, wherein the start signal carries the power load demand of the target power supply system. The total service life change determination module is used to determine the service life change of the fuel cell stack each time it receives the start signal, based on the attenuation rate deviation of the fuel cell stack each time the start signal is obtained, and to determine the total service life change of each fuel cell stack up to the current moment based on the service life change. The cold shutdown stack determination module is used to sequentially determine candidate stacks for cold shutdown based on the total change in lifespan from high to low; obtain the target total number of cold shutdowns performed on each candidate stack within a preset time period up to the current time; if the target total number is less than a target preset number threshold, determine the lifespan of each stack based on the ideal voltage decay rate and a preset supply voltage threshold; obtain the target runtime from the current time to the initial start-up of each target candidate stack; if the difference between the target lifespan and the target runtime of the target candidate stack is less than a preset lifespan threshold, prioritize the target candidate stack as the target stack, so that the power supply generated by the remaining stack after the target stack's cold shutdown matches the power load demand.
8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.