A tailgate insert welding jig and welding system

Abstract

This invention discloses a tailgate insert welding fixture and welding system, relating to the field of automotive parts welding technology. The tailgate insert welding fixture includes a base plate; at least one telescopic pin positioning mechanism, comprising a telescopic pin and a lifting drive cylinder for driving the telescopic pin's movement; the telescopic pin includes a large-diameter pin portion for positioning lower inserts and a small-diameter pin portion for positioning upper inserts; multiple clamping and positioning mechanisms mounted on the base plate for positioning and clamping each insert; and an insert puppet welding mechanism mounted on the base plate, comprising several insert puppet welding clamping components, including an upper cross arm, a lower cross arm, a first drive cylinder, an upper electrode, a lower electrode, and a bracket assembly. This invention enables precise positioning of the inserts and allows the C-type welding torch to complete the welding of the tailgate insert in a single operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts welding technology, and particularly to a tailgate insert welding fixture and a tailgate insert welding system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the modern automotive industry, the industry as a whole is shifting towards lightweighting, leading to changes in the structure and manufacturing processes of many traditional automotive components. The mainstream trend in lightweighting automotive tailgates is the plastic tailgate, transforming the traditional steel sheet metal tailgate—stamped and welded—into a one-piece injection-molded metal insert. The main body material of the tailgate is changed to engineering plastics, and the structure housing the hinges and locks within the plastic tailgate needs reinforcement; therefore, metal sheet metal components are embedded internally for added strength.

[0003] Because the tailgate insert varies significantly in size and curvature with the tailgate's shape, a single sheet metal piece is insufficient to achieve the desired design. Therefore, the insert must be broken down into several sub-inserts and then welded together. Due to the stringent size and shape requirements of the tailgate insert, resistance spot welding is chosen. Resistance spot welding offers minimal deformation and high efficiency; however, because the weld points are dispersed and the welding direction varies with the insert's curvature, it is unsuitable for general spot welding machines and necessitates the use of an industrial robot flexible spot welding system. Furthermore, the tailgate metal inserts often have deep U-shaped cross-sections. While this can be achieved using an X-type welding gun, weld points in other areas within the same process must be welded using a C-type spot welding gun. However, when welding deep U-shaped cross-sections, the C-type welding gun interferes with the insert itself. Even switching between X-type and C-type welding guns within the same system increases costs and decreases efficiency. Currently, there is no suitable structure to allow welding of all weld points within a single robotic spot welding system.

[0004] Furthermore, because one-piece injection molding places high demands on the dimensions and surface contours of the metal inserts, the welding process must minimize its impact on the deformation of the metal inserts. Therefore, the positioning structure of the tailgate insert has fewer auxiliary positioning points compared to conventional spot welding fixtures. However, too many positioning points can affect the product's shape accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art. To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide a tailgate insert welding fixture, which can accurately position the insert and enable a C-type welding torch to complete the welding of the tailgate insert in one pass.

[0006] This invention also provides a tailgate insert welding system.

[0007] According to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention, a tailgate insert welding fixture is provided, comprising a base plate; at least one telescopic pin positioning mechanism disposed on the base plate for positioning the overlapping portions of various inserts, the telescopic pin positioning mechanism including a telescopic pin and a lifting drive cylinder for driving the telescopic pin to rise and fall, the telescopic pin including a large-diameter pin portion for positioning the lower insert and a small-diameter pin portion for positioning the upper insert, the large-diameter pin portion and the small-diameter pin portion being segmented and stepped from the root to the end, the large-diameter pin portion and the small-diameter pin portion being positioned respectively by inserting into the positioning holes of each insert; a plurality of clamping and positioning mechanisms disposed on the base plate for positioning and clamping each insert; and an insert puppet welding mechanism disposed on the base plate, the insert puppet welding mechanism being... The structure includes several insert puppet welding clamping components, each including an upper cross arm, a lower cross arm, a first drive cylinder, an upper electrode, a lower electrode, and a support assembly. The support assembly is mounted on the base plate. The middle portions of the upper and lower cross arms are hinged together by a pivot, which is mounted on the support assembly. The cylinder seat of the first drive cylinder is connected to the rear end of the lower cross arm, and the piston rod of the first drive cylinder is connected to the rear end of the upper cross arm, so as to drive the upper and lower cross arms to open and close via the first drive cylinder. The upper electrode is connected to the front end of the upper cross arm via an upper conductive seat, and the lower electrode is connected to the front end of the lower cross arm via a lower conductive seat. Insulating gaskets are provided between the upper conductive seat and the upper cross arm, and between the lower conductive seat and the lower cross arm.

[0008] The tailgate insert welding fixture offers at least the following advantages: By designing a telescopic pin positioning mechanism, the large-diameter and small-diameter pins are positioned by inserting into the positioning holes of each insert, enabling precise positioning of the inserts. This achieves the same positioning and clamping accuracy requirements while reducing the number of positioning mechanisms. An insert puppet welding mechanism is designed, with upper and lower cross arms. The upper and lower electrodes from which the current is drawn are respectively mounted on the upper and lower cross arms. The upper and lower cross arms are made of steel and bear the pressure of the welding torch. The initial clamping of the upper and lower cross arms is achieved by the first drive cylinder at the rear end, which clamps the deep U-shaped portion of the insert. In application, the first drive cylinder in the insert puppet welding clamping component extends, clamping the upper and lower electrodes of the actual welding at the position of the insert welding point. Then, the robot grabs the welding gun and moves it until the lower electrode of the welding gun contacts the lower conductive seat. Then, the upper electrode of the welding gun presses down, pressing and contacting the upper conductive seat. Then, the welding gun is energized for welding. The ultra-high current is conducted through the upper and lower conductive seats to the upper and lower electrodes, passing through the upper electrode of the actual welding point, the tailgate insert, and the lower electrode of the actual welding point. This generates heat at the weld point of the clamped tailgate insert to achieve resistance spot welding. At the same time, the electrodes of the welding gun are pressed together at the position of the upper and lower conductive seats, below the rotating shaft, in the same direction as the force exerted by the first drive cylinder on the upper and lower cross arms, and enhances the clamping effect of the upper and lower electrodes at the actual welding point.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the telescopic pin is connected to the piston rod of the lifting drive cylinder via a connecting bracket. The lifting drive cylinder pushes out the telescopic pin to insert the large-diameter pin into the positioning hole of the lower insert, and lowers the telescopic pin to insert the small-diameter pin into the positioning hole of the upper insert.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the clamping and positioning mechanism includes a plurality of positioning blocks for positioning the insert and a clamping arm assembly for clamping and fixing the insert.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, each of the clamping and positioning mechanisms is provided with a step-by-step assembly button to realize the separate control of each of the clamping arm assemblies.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the insert puppet welding mechanism further includes a vertical moving mechanism and a sliding mechanism. The insert puppet welding clamping component is mounted on the vertical moving mechanism to realize vertical movement of the insert puppet welding clamping component. The vertical moving mechanism is mounted on the sliding mechanism to realize horizontal movement of the vertical moving mechanism.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the upper cross arm and the lower cross arm are respectively located on both sides of the rotating shaft, so that when the piston rod of the first drive cylinder extends, the front ends of the upper cross arm and the front ends of the lower cross arm move towards each other, thereby clamping the insert.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the pivot is located in the middle and rear part of the upper cross arm and the lower cross arm, so that the first drive cylinder at the rear end achieves a large clamping force between the upper electrode and the lower electrode at the front end with a small pressure.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the insert puppet welding clamping component further includes an air blowing assembly, the air blowing assembly including two air blowing cooling copper pipes that can be connected to an external air supply device, the two air blowing cooling copper pipes being respectively aligned with the upper electrode and the lower electrode for cooling.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the bracket assembly includes a mounting frame and a connecting plate connected to the mounting frame, the connecting plate being hinged to the mounting frame, the connecting plate having an arc-shaped hole, and the connecting plate being fixed to the mounting frame at the position of the arc-shaped hole by fasteners.

[0017] According to an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention, a tailgate insert welding system is provided, comprising a turntable with multiple workstations, each workstation being provided with a tailgate insert welding fixture according to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention; and a spot welding robot for welding inserts on the tailgate insert welding fixture on the turntable. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the insert; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interference between the welding torch and the insert in the prior art; Figure 3 This is a top view of the tailgate insert welding system in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the tailgate insert welding fixture is not shown at the work station; Figure 4 This is a top view of the tailgate insert welding fixture in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the telescopic pin positioning mechanism positioning the insert in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of a section of circle A; Figure 7 This is a front view of the large-diameter pin portion of the telescopic pin positioning mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention positioning the second insert. Figure 8 This is a top view of the telescopic pin positioning mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention positioning the second insert. Figure 9 This is a front view of the small-diameter pin portion of the telescopic pin positioning mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention positioning the first insert. Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the insert puppet welding mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a perspective view of the sliding mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the vertical moving mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a perspective view of the installation of multiple insert puppet welding clamping components in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the insert puppet welding clamping component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a welding schematic diagram of the insert puppet welding mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insert puppet welding mechanism after welding is completed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insert puppet welding clamping component after welding in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0022] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0023] The following reference Figure 1 An insert 300 was presented, wherein the insert 300 comprises multiple sub-inserts, specifically a first sub-insert 310, a second sub-insert 320, and a third sub-insert 330 that are sequentially welded and fixed, as shown below. Figure 2 The upper electrode 211 and lower electrode 212 of the welding torch 210 will interfere with the deep U-shaped part of the insert 300, making welding impossible. The welding torch 210 is a C-type welding torch.

[0024] Reference Figure 3 A tailgate insert welding system is presented, including a spot welding robot 200 and a turntable 710 with multiple workstations 720. Each workstation 720 is equipped with a tailgate insert welding fixture. The spot welding robot is used to weld the inserts 300 of the tailgate insert welding fixture on the turntable 710.

[0025] The following reference Figures 1 to 18 This describes a tailgate insert welding fixture.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the tailgate insert welding fixture includes a base plate 511, an insert puppet welding mechanism 100, a telescopic pin positioning mechanism 400, and a clamping and positioning mechanism 600. The base plate 511 is provided with multiple base plate positioning holes 512, which can be used for positioning when the base plate 511 is installed at the work station 720.

[0027] Multiple clamping and positioning mechanisms 600 are provided and mounted on the base plate 511 for positioning and clamping the inserts. Specifically, each clamping and positioning mechanism 600 includes several positioning blocks 610 for positioning the inserts and a clamping arm assembly 620 for pressing and fixing the inserts. The clamping arm assembly 620 adopts a conventional clamping arm assembly, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. For example, the opening and clamping actions are achieved by driving the clamping arm to rotate via a pneumatic component. In addition, each clamping and positioning mechanism 600 is provided with a step-by-step assembly button 630 to control each clamping arm assembly 620 individually. The control of the step-by-step assembly button 630 is also conventional technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0028] At least one telescopic pin positioning mechanism 400 is provided, which is mounted on the base plate 511 and is used to position the overlapping portions of each insert. In this embodiment, refer to... Figures 5 to 9 The working principle of the telescopic pin positioning mechanism 400 will be explained by taking the overlapping and welding of the first insert 310 and the second insert 320 as an example.

[0029] Specifically, the telescopic pin positioning mechanism 400 includes a telescopic pin 420 and a lifting drive cylinder 410 for driving the telescopic pin 420 to rise and fall. The telescopic pin 420 includes a large-diameter pin portion 4112 for positioning the lower insert and a small-diameter pin portion 4111 for positioning the upper insert. The large-diameter pin portion 4112 and the small-diameter pin portion 4111 are segmented and stepped from the root to the end. The large-diameter pin portion 4112 and the small-diameter pin portion 4111 are positioned by inserting into the positioning holes of each insert. Further, the telescopic pin 420 is connected to the piston rod of the lifting drive cylinder 410 through a connecting bracket 431. The lifting drive cylinder 410 pushes the telescopic pin 420 out to insert the large-diameter pin portion 4112 into the positioning hole of the lower insert, and lowers the telescopic pin 420 to insert the small-diameter pin portion 4111 into the positioning hole of the upper insert.

[0030] For tailgate insert welding, unlike conventional sheet metal part positioning, in areas where inserts overlap, the telescopic pin positioning mechanism must individually position each insert to ensure that the positioning holes of each insert do not affect each other. This prevents the insert surfaces from fitting together after the positioning pins with concentric holes extend into the positioning area. Tailgate insert injection molding places the highest demands on the surface of the insert assembly.

[0031] In this embodiment, refer to Figures 4 to 9 The specific instructions for the 420 segmented positioning of the telescopic pin are as follows: Initially, if... Figure 7 The lifting drive cylinder 410 of the telescopic pin 420 extends, combined with Figure 8One end of the second insert 320 is precisely positioned by a positioning block 610, which is a V-shaped limiting block. The middle of the second insert 320 also uses a support positioning method. Conventional positioning can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions. The large-diameter pin 4112 at the lower end of the telescopic pin 420 is inserted into the positioning hole of the second insert 320 for positioning. Besides being positioned by the telescopic pin 420, the other end of the second insert 320 is held in place from both sides by the profile of the positioning block 610 to ensure complete positioning. Then, the step-by-step assembly button 630 on the tailgate insert welding fixture is manually pressed, and the second insert 320 is pressed and fixed by the corresponding clamping arm assembly 620. Figure 9 The lifting drive cylinder 410 of the telescopic pin 420 retracts, at which point the large-diameter pin portion 4112 of the telescopic pin 420 disengages from the second insert 320, which is now clamped and fixed. The small-diameter pin portion 4111 at the upper end of the telescopic pin 420 reaches its positioning position. The worker then inserts the first insert 310, at which point the small-diameter pin portion 4111 only positions the first insert 310 and has no effect on the second insert 320. Then, the step-by-step assembly button 630 is pressed, and the entire fixture fully clamps the first insert 310 and the second insert 320. The connecting frame 431 is equipped with a positioning limit block 432 for the driving stroke of the lifting drive cylinder 410. Furthermore, the positioning principle of the second and third inserts 320 is the same as that of the first insert 310.

[0032] The insert puppet welding mechanism 100 is mounted on the base plate 511 and includes several insert puppet welding clamping components 130. For example... Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the insert puppet welding clamping component 130 includes an upper cross arm 1321, a lower cross arm 1322, a first drive cylinder 1323, an upper electrode 1331, a lower electrode 1333, and a support assembly.

[0033] The upper crossarm 1321 and the lower crossarm 1322 are hinged at their middle portions via a pivot 1324, which is mounted on a bracket assembly. The cylinder seat of the first drive cylinder 1323 is connected to the rear end of the lower crossarm 1322, and the piston rod of the first drive cylinder 1323 is connected to the rear end of the upper crossarm 1321, thus driving the upper crossarm 1321 and the lower crossarm 1322 to open and close. The upper crossarm 1321 and the lower crossarm 1322 are located on opposite sides of the pivot 1324, so that when the piston rod of the first drive cylinder 1323 extends, the front ends of the upper crossarm 1321 and the lower crossarm 1322 move towards each other, thereby clamping the insert. Specifically, the pivot 1324 is located in the middle and rear part of the upper cross arm 1321 and the lower cross arm 1322, so that the first drive cylinder 1323 at the rear end can achieve a large clamping force between the upper electrode 1331 and the lower electrode 1333 at the front end with a small pressure.

[0034] The upper electrode 1331 and the lower electrode 1333 are connected to the front end of the upper cross arm 1321 through the upper conductive base 1332, and the lower electrode 1333 is connected to the front end of the lower cross arm 1322 through the lower conductive base 1334.

[0035] Reference Figures 10 to 13 The insert puppet welding mechanism 100 also includes a sliding mechanism 110 and a vertical moving mechanism 120. An insert puppet welding clamping component 130 is mounted on the vertical moving mechanism 120 to enable vertical movement of the insert puppet welding clamping component 130; the vertical moving mechanism 120 is mounted on the sliding mechanism 110 to enable horizontal movement of the vertical moving mechanism 120. At least one insert puppet welding clamping component 130 is provided. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 13 As shown, a total of three insert puppet welding clamping components 130 are provided.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 11As shown, the sliding mechanism 110 includes a base frame 111, left and right sliding plates 113, and a third drive cylinder 114. The sliding mechanism 110 is mounted on the left and right sliding plates 113. The base frame 111 is provided with a second slide rail 112, and the left and right sliding plates 113 are provided with second sliders that match the second slide rail 112. The piston rod of the third drive cylinder 114 is connected to the left and right sliding plates 113 through a second floating joint 115 to drive the left and right sliding plates 113 to slide along the base frame 111. The left and right sliding plates 113 are equipped with second follower limit blocks 119, and the base frame 111 is equipped with second fixed limit blocks 118 corresponding to the second follower limit blocks 119. After the second follower limit blocks 119 on the left and right sliding plates 113 are in position, they fit precisely with the fixed limit blocks 118 on the base frame 111. The left and right slide plates 113 are equipped with buffer blocks 117, and the base frame 111 is provided with a buffer 116 facing the buffer block 117. The buffer 116 presses against the buffer block 117, which can be used to reduce the impact of the mechanism movement.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 12 As shown, the up-and-down moving mechanism 120 includes a mounting base 121, an up-and-down sliding plate 123, and a second drive cylinder 124. An insert-puppet welding clamping component 130 is mounted on the up-and-down sliding plate 123. The mounting base 121 is provided with a first slide rail 122, and the up-and-down sliding plate 123 is provided with a first slider that matches the first slide rail 122. The piston rod of the second drive cylinder 124 is connected to the up-and-down sliding plate 123 through a first floating joint 125 to drive the up-and-down sliding plate 123 to slide along the mounting base 121. The up-and-down sliding plate 123 is equipped with a first follower limiting block 127, and the mounting base 121 is equipped with a first fixed limiting block 126 corresponding to the first follower limiting block 127. The motion principle of the up-and-down moving mechanism 120 is similar to that of the sliding mechanism; however, due to the shorter up-and-down stroke, only the limiting blocks provide precise positioning, and there is no buffer.

[0038] After each insert is positioned and clamped, the spot welding robot 200 performs welding. After the spot welding robot 200 grips the welding torch 210 and welds the other ordinary weld points, the three inserts are fixed together. At this point, due to interference between the clamping arm assembly 620 of the second insert and the insert puppet welding clamping component 130 in this embodiment, the clamping arm of the clamping arm assembly 620 opens to create space. The insert puppet welding clamping component 130 is pushed out by the sliding mechanism 110, working alternately with the interfering clamping arm assembly 620. The up-and-down movement mechanism 120 can be used to avoid the deep U-shaped section of the tailgate insert 300. After the clamping arm of the clamping arm assembly 620 opens to create space, the sliding mechanism 110 pushes in and descends, bringing the insert puppet welding clamping component 130 to the welding position. Then, the spot welding robot 200 continues to grip the welding torch 210 to weld several weld points of the deep U-shaped section using the insert puppet welding mechanism 100. After the work is completed, the entire fixture is opened, and the worker takes out the parts.

[0039] In this embodiment, the deep U-shaped part of the insert 300 has three welding points that need to be welded using the insert puppet welding clamping component 130. Therefore, three are provided, each with the same structure and principle, and are fixed to the up and down moving mechanism 120 by the mounting plate.

[0040] Combination Figure 16 and Figure 17 In application, the first drive cylinder 1323 in the insert puppet welding clamping component 130 is pushed out, causing the upper electrode 1331 and lower electrode 1333 to clamp the welding point of the insert 300. Then the robot grabs the welding gun 210, which is a C-type welding gun, and moves to the point where the lower electrode 212 of the welding gun 210 contacts the lower conductive seat 1334. Then the upper electrode 211 of the welding gun 210 is pressed down and pressed against the upper conductive seat 1332. Then the welding gun 210 is energized for welding. The ultra-large current is conducted through the upper and lower conductive seats to the upper and lower electrodes, passing through the upper electrode, tailgate insert, and lower electrode of the actual welding point, so that heat is generated at the welding point of the clamped tailgate insert to achieve resistance spot welding. At the same time, the electrodes of the welding gun are pressed against the position of the upper and lower conductive seats, below the rotating shaft, in the same direction as the force exerted by the first drive cylinder on the upper and lower cross arms, and strengthening the clamping effect of the upper and lower electrodes at the actual welding point.

[0041] This invention utilizes upper and lower cross arms, with the upper and lower electrodes for current extraction mounted on them respectively. The cross arms, made of steel, withstand the clamping force of the welding torch. Initial clamping of the cross arms is achieved by a first driving cylinder at the rear end, which clamps the deep U-shaped portion of the insert, enabling puppet welding of this portion. Insulating gaskets 135 are provided between the upper conductive base 1332 and the upper cross arm 1321, and between the lower conductive base 1334 and the lower cross arm 1322, to prevent current shunting or weakening during welding. The support assembly also includes a first limiting screw 1341 and a second limiting screw 1342, which limit the positions of the upper cross arm 1321 and the lower cross arm 1322, allowing adjustment of the opening and clamping positions of the cross arms.

[0042] In addition, in this embodiment, the position of the upper and lower cross arms of the insert puppet welding clamping component 130 can be adjusted. Specifically, the bracket assembly includes a mounting frame 1311 and a connecting plate 1312 connected to the mounting frame 1311. The connecting plate 1312 is hinged to the mounting frame 1311. The connecting plate 1312 has an arc-shaped hole 1313. The connecting plate 1312 is fixed to the mounting frame 1311 at the position of the arc-shaped hole 1313 by fasteners. By setting the arc-shaped hole 1313, the position of the upper and lower cross arms of the insert puppet welding clamping component 130 can be adjusted, and the insert can be accurately clamped.

[0043] The insert puppet welding clamping component 130 also includes an air blowing assembly located next to the lead-out electrode. The air blowing assembly includes two air blowing cooling copper pipes 136 that can be connected to an external air supply device. The two air blowing cooling copper pipes 136 are respectively aligned with the upper electrode 1331 and the lower electrode 1333 for cooling.

[0044] Reference Figure 18 After the puppet welding is completed, the insert puppet welding clamping component 130 retracts. After the robot grabs the welding torch 210 and moves away, the upper and lower cross arms (upper cross arm 1321 and lower cross arm 1322) retract, the first drive cylinder 1323 of the upper and lower cross arms retracts, the upper and lower cross arms open, and the upper and lower electrodes (upper electrode 1331 and lower electrode 1333) release the tailgate insert 300. Then, the second drive cylinder 124 of the up-down moving mechanism 120 lifts up, pushing the entire insert puppet welding clamping component 130 out of the deep U-shaped part of the insert 300; finally, the third drive cylinder 114 of the sliding mechanism 110 pushes out the entire mechanism, allowing the tailgate insert to be removed.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tailgate insert welding fixture, characterized in that: include Base plate; At least one telescopic pin positioning mechanism is provided on the base plate for positioning the overlapping portions of each insert. The telescopic pin positioning mechanism includes a telescopic pin and a lifting drive cylinder for driving the telescopic pin to rise and fall. The telescopic pin includes a large-diameter pin portion for positioning the lower insert and a small-diameter pin portion for positioning the upper insert. The large-diameter pin portion and the small-diameter pin portion are arranged in segments and steps from the root to the end. The large-diameter pin portion and the small-diameter pin portion are respectively positioned by inserting into the positioning holes of each insert. Multiple clamping and positioning mechanisms, mounted on the base plate, are used to position and clamp each insert; and An insert puppet welding mechanism is disposed on a base plate. The insert puppet welding mechanism includes several insert puppet welding clamping components. Each clamping component includes an upper cross arm, a lower cross arm, a first drive cylinder, an upper electrode, a lower electrode, and a support assembly. The support assembly is disposed on the base plate. The middle parts of the upper cross arm and the lower cross arm are hinged by a pivot shaft, which is mounted on the support assembly. The cylinder seat of the first drive cylinder is connected to the rear end of the lower cross arm, and the piston rod of the first drive cylinder is connected to the rear end of the upper cross arm, so as to drive the upper cross arm and the lower cross arm to open and close through the first drive cylinder. The upper electrode is connected to the front end of the upper cross arm through an upper conductive seat, and the lower electrode is connected to the front end of the lower cross arm through a lower conductive seat. Insulating gaskets are provided between the upper conductive seat and the upper cross arm, and between the lower conductive seat and the lower cross arm. The telescopic pin is connected to the piston rod of the lifting drive cylinder via a connecting bracket. The lifting drive cylinder pushes the telescopic pin out to insert the large-diameter pin into the positioning hole of the lower insert, and lowers the telescopic pin to insert the small-diameter pin into the positioning hole of the upper insert. When positioning each insert, the lifting drive cylinder drives the telescopic pin to rise to a preset position. One end of the lower insert is positioned by the positioning block of the clamping positioning mechanism, and the other end of the lower insert is positioned by the large-diameter pin at the lower end of the telescopic pin. The lower insert is pressed by the clamping arm assembly of the clamping positioning mechanism. After the lower insert is positioned, the lifting drive cylinder drives the telescopic pin to retract so that the large-diameter pin is disengaged from the lower insert, and so that the small-diameter pin of the telescopic pin can be used to position one end of the upper insert.

2. The tailgate insert welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and positioning mechanism includes several positioning blocks for positioning the insert and a clamping arm assembly for clamping and fixing the insert.

3. The tailgate insert welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the clamping and positioning mechanisms is equipped with a step-by-step assembly button to enable separate control of each of the clamping arm assemblies.

4. The tailgate insert welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insert puppet welding mechanism further includes a vertical moving mechanism and a sliding mechanism. The insert puppet welding clamping component is mounted on the vertical moving mechanism to enable the insert puppet welding clamping component to move vertically. The vertical moving mechanism is mounted on the sliding mechanism to enable the vertical moving mechanism to move horizontally.

5. The tailgate insert welding fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The upper cross arm and the lower cross arm are located on both sides of the rotating shaft, so that when the piston rod of the first drive cylinder extends, the front ends of the upper cross arm and the front ends of the lower cross arm move towards each other, thereby clamping the insert.

6. The tailgate insert welding fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pivot is located in the middle and rear part of the upper cross arm and the lower cross arm, so that the first drive cylinder at the rear end can achieve a large clamping force between the upper electrode and the lower electrode at the front end with a small pressure.

7. The tailgate insert welding fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The insert puppet welding clamping component also includes an air blowing assembly, which includes two air blowing cooling copper pipes that can be connected to an external air supply device. The two air blowing cooling copper pipes are respectively aligned with the upper electrode and the lower electrode for cooling.

8. The tailgate insert welding fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bracket assembly includes a mounting frame and a connecting plate connected to the mounting frame. The connecting plate is hinged to the mounting frame and has an arc-shaped hole. The connecting plate is fixed to the mounting frame at the position of the arc-shaped hole by fasteners.

9. A tailgate insert welding system, characterized in that: include A turntable with multiple workstations, each workstation equipped with a tailgate insert welding fixture as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; and A spot welding robot is used to weld the inserts of the tailgate insert welding fixture on the turntable.

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