A self-centering friction-type anti-climb energy absorption device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of anti-creep device technology, and provides a self-centering friction-type anti-creep energy-absorbing device, including an energy-absorbing tube, an anti-creep part, a mounting part, a support part, and at least one friction energy-absorbing unit disposed inside the energy-absorbing tube. The self-centering friction-type anti-creep energy-absorbing device provided by this invention, by employing a friction energy-absorbing unit that absorbs energy through relative friction, can not only effectively absorb energy to dissipate collision energy during a head-on collision, but also effectively absorb and resist eccentric compression forces during an eccentric collision. This effectively reduces the risk of overall failure of the anti-creep energy-absorbing device in eccentric collision situations, further improving the reliability of the anti-creep energy-absorbing device in practical applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anti-climbing device technology, and more specifically, to a self-centering friction-type anti-climbing energy-absorbing device. Background Technology

[0002] The content in this section only provides background information related to this invention and may not constitute prior art.

[0003] As a widely used mechanical device in the field of rail transit, the anti-creep device prevents trains from climbing over and can buffer and absorb energy. When a rail vehicle collides, the anti-creep device can provide a larger survival space for the driver and passengers and greatly reduce the damage caused by the collision.

[0004] In related technologies, mainstream anti-climb devices can be divided into three types according to their working mechanism: cutting type, crushing type, and expansion type. All three types of anti-climb devices rely on the anti-climbing part, equipped with anti-climbing teeth, moving along the longitudinal impact direction during a collision. This allows the energy-absorbing component, composed of an energy-absorbing tube and other parts, to absorb the collision energy, thereby dissipating the energy. Among these, the energy-absorbing tubes of the known anti-climb devices mentioned above are mostly arranged along the longitudinal impact direction. In the actual energy absorption stage, the energy-absorbing tube moves along the direction of the longitudinal impact force and ultimately absorbs the collision energy.

[0005] However, such anti-creep devices with energy-absorbing tubes arranged along the longitudinal impact direction often only have a good energy absorption effect when the train has a head-on collision (i.e., the direction of the longitudinal impact force coincides with the axis of the energy-absorbing tube). Once the train has an eccentric collision, the direction of the longitudinal impact force no longer coincides with the axis of the energy-absorbing tube, and the entire anti-creep device will generate eccentric extrusion force. The energy-absorbing tubes arranged along the longitudinal impact direction are often unable to absorb and resist the generated eccentric extrusion force, so that the energy-absorbing components composed of energy-absorbing tubes cannot fully exert their energy absorption efficiency, and may even directly cause damage to the entire anti-creep device, leading to the direct failure of the anti-creep device and potentially more serious safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-centering friction-type anti-creep energy absorption device. This anti-creep energy absorption device adopts a friction energy absorption unit that absorbs energy through relative friction. In addition to effectively absorbing energy to dissipate collision energy when a train collides head-on, it can also effectively absorb and resist eccentric extrusion force when a train collides eccentrically. This effectively reduces the risk of overall failure of the anti-creep energy absorption device under eccentric collision conditions and further improves the reliability of the anti-creep energy absorption device in practical applications.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A self-centering friction-type anti-climb energy absorption device, the anti-climb energy absorption device comprising:

[0009] An energy-absorbing tube has a fixed end and a free end;

[0010] An anti-climbing part is provided at the fixed end of the energy-absorbing tube;

[0011] The mounting part is disposed opposite to the free end of the energy-absorbing tube;

[0012] A support portion, one end of which is connected to the mounting portion, and the other end of which extends from the free end of the energy-absorbing tube into the interior of the energy-absorbing tube;

[0013] At least one frictional energy-absorbing unit disposed inside the energy-absorbing tube, the frictional energy-absorbing unit comprising:

[0014] The cylinder body is connected to the support portion;

[0015] A separator is disposed inside the cylinder to divide the cylinder into two chambers symmetrically distributed around the axis of the energy-absorbing tube. A piston is disposed in each chamber, and the movement path of the piston is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the energy-absorbing tube. A hydraulic chamber is defined between the piston and the separator. The hydraulic chamber is filled with a fluid medium and has a medium outlet communicating with its interior. The medium outlet is configured to allow the fluid medium to be discharged from the hydraulic chamber when the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber reaches a preset pressure threshold.

[0016] The friction element corresponds to each of the hydraulic chambers. The friction element is in close contact with the inner wall of the energy-absorbing tube and forms a friction pair with the inner wall of the energy-absorbing tube. The friction element is connected to the piston in the corresponding hydraulic chamber through a connecting element, so as to drive the piston to move in the hydraulic chamber through the friction element.

[0017] In some possible embodiments, the hydraulic chamber is further provided with an elastic element, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the separator and the corresponding piston;

[0018] When the elastic element is in a state of ultimate compression, the medium outlet remains connected to the hydraulic chamber.

[0019] In some possible embodiments, the hydraulic chamber is further provided with a medium inlet communicating with its interior, the medium inlet being configured to allow the fluid medium to enter the hydraulic chamber;

[0020] When the elastic element is in a state of extreme compression, the medium inlet remains connected to the hydraulic chamber.

[0021] In some possible embodiments, a first branch pipe is connected to the medium outlet, and a first solenoid valve is connected to the first branch pipe;

[0022] A second branch pipeline is connected to the medium inlet, and a second solenoid valve is connected to the second branch pipeline;

[0023] The anti-climb energy-absorbing device also includes a circulation unit, which comprises:

[0024] The first main pipeline is connected to the first branch pipeline; a third solenoid valve and a first check valve are connected sequentially on the first main pipeline.

[0025] The second main pipeline is connected to the second branch pipeline; a hydraulic pump, a booster valve and a second check valve are connected in sequence on the second main pipeline.

[0026] The circulation box is connected to both the first main pipeline and the second main pipeline.

[0027] In some possible embodiments, the connector includes a piston rod, a pressure sensor, and a connecting beam, the piston rod being connected to the piston and the connecting beam being connected to the friction element;

[0028] The pressure sensor is disposed between the piston rod and the connecting beam. The pressure sensor is used to detect the contact pressure between the piston rod and the connecting beam, so as to determine whether the pressure in the hydraulic chamber reaches a preset pressure threshold based on the contact pressure.

[0029] In some possible embodiments, the circulation unit further includes a control unit communicatively connected to the pressure sensor, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the first check valve, the hydraulic pump, the booster valve, and the second check valve.

[0030] In some possible embodiments, the support portion is hollow inside, and both the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are located inside the support portion;

[0031] The first main pipeline passes through the mounting section and extends into the support section before connecting with the first branch pipeline. The second main pipeline passes through the mounting section and extends into the support section before connecting with the second branch pipeline.

[0032] In some possible embodiments, the energy-absorbing tube has a tapered structure, with the smaller diameter end of the energy-absorbing tube serving as the fixed end and the larger diameter end serving as the free end.

[0033] In some possible embodiments, the anti-climbing part includes a substrate and anti-climbing teeth, the substrate is connected to the fixed end of the energy-absorbing tube, and the anti-climbing teeth are disposed on the side of the substrate opposite to the energy-absorbing tube;

[0034] A buffer block is provided on the side of the substrate facing the energy-absorbing tube, and the buffer block is aligned with the inside of the energy-absorbing tube.

[0035] In some possible embodiments, there are multiple friction energy absorption units, which are spaced apart along the axis of the energy absorption tube.

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0037] The self-centering friction-type anti-creep energy absorption device provided by the present invention adopts a friction energy absorption unit that absorbs energy through relative friction. In addition to effectively absorbing energy and dissipating collision energy when a train collides head-on, it can also effectively absorb and resist eccentric extrusion force when a train collides eccentrically. This effectively reduces the risk of overall failure of the anti-creep energy absorption device under eccentric collision conditions and further improves the reliability of the anti-creep energy absorption device in practical applications. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged view of the structure of a single triboelectric energy absorption unit is shown in the figure;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of the loop unit structure shown in the figure;

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the anti-climb mechanism.

[0043] Icons: 10-Energy Absorbing Tube, 20-Anti-Climbing Part, 21-Baseboard, 22-Anti-Climbing Tooth, 30-Mounting Part, 31-Mounting Hole, 40-Support Part, 50-Friction Energy Absorbing Unit, 51-Cylinder, 52-Separator, 53-Friction Part, 54-Piston, 55-Hydraulic Chamber, 551-Media Outlet, 552-Media Inlet, 56-Connector, 561-Piston Rod, 562-Pressure Sensor, 563-Connecting Beam, 57-Elastic Part, 58-First Branch Pipe, 59-First Solenoid Valve, 510-Second Branch Pipe, 511-Second Solenoid Valve, 60-Circulation Unit, 61-First Main Pipe, 62-Second Main Pipe, 63-Circulation Box, 64-Third Solenoid Valve, 65-First Check Valve, 66-Hydraulic Pump, 67-Pressure Booster Valve, 68-Second Check Valve, 69-Control Unit, 70-Buffer Block. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0045] The inventors of this invention have discovered that, in practical applications, whether it is a cutting type, a crushing type, or an expansion type of anti-creep device, once a train experiences an eccentric collision, the energy-absorbing components of the anti-creep device cannot effectively absorb and resist the eccentric extrusion force. This results in the energy-absorbing components of the anti-creep device not being able to fully utilize their energy-absorbing efficiency, and may even directly cause damage to the entire anti-creep device, leading to its direct failure and potentially more serious safety accidents.

[0046] In view of this, the inventors of this invention have designed an anti-climbing energy-absorbing device that can both cope with the head-on collision of trains and dissipate the collision energy and effectively absorb and resist the eccentric extrusion force when the train undergoes an eccentric collision.

[0047] Specifically, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a self-centering friction-type anti-climb energy absorption device, wherein... Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device is shown. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device includes an energy-absorbing tube 10, an anti-climb part 20, a mounting part 30, a support part 40, and at least one friction energy-absorbing unit 50 disposed inside the energy-absorbing tube 10.

[0048] The energy-absorbing tube 10 is a known metal tube with a certain thickness. The interior of the energy-absorbing tube 10 is hollow, and its two ends are defined as a fixed end and a free end, respectively. In this case, the anti-creep part 20, used to implement the train anti-creep function, is located at the fixed end of the energy-absorbing tube 10. Specifically, as shown... Figure 5As shown, the anti-climbing part 20 includes a base plate 21 and anti-climbing teeth 22. The base plate 21 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the energy-absorbing tube 10, and the anti-climbing teeth 22 are disposed on the side of the base plate 21 away from the energy-absorbing tube 10. When two trains collide, the anti-climbing part 20 of the anti-climbing energy-absorbing device disposed on the two trains relies on the anti-climbing teeth 22 to mesh with each other, thereby preventing the train from climbing.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the mounting part 30 is positioned opposite to the free end of the energy-absorbing pipe 10. The mounting part 30 facilitates the installation of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device on the crossbeam of the train's underframe. Specifically, the mounting part 30 is provided with mounting holes 31, so that the mounting part 30 can be installed on the crossbeam of the train's underframe using fasteners such as bolts, thereby realizing the installation and use of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device.

[0050] The support part 40 is used to hold the friction energy absorption unit 50 inside the energy absorption tube 10. Specifically, one end of the support part 40 is connected to the mounting part 30, and the other end of the support part 40 extends from the free end of the energy absorption tube 10 into the interior of the energy absorption tube 10.

[0051] The friction energy absorption unit 50 is held inside the energy absorption tube 10 by the support part 40 so that the friction energy absorption unit 50, in conjunction with the energy absorption tube 10, can absorb the energy generated during the train collision, thereby dissipating the collision energy. In the event of an eccentric collision, it can absorb and resist the eccentric extrusion force.

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single friction energy absorption unit 50 and an energy absorption tube 10 is shown. Specifically, the friction energy absorption unit 50 includes a hollow cylinder 51, a separator 52, and a friction element 53.

[0053] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, cylinder 51 is connected to support 40, and partition 52 is disposed inside cylinder 51 to divide the interior of cylinder 51 into two chambers symmetrically distributed around the axis of energy-absorbing tube 10. For each individual chamber separated by partition 52, a piston 54 is disposed within the chamber. This piston 54 can move within the chamber, and its movement path is substantially perpendicular to the axis of energy-absorbing tube 10. That is, the piston 54 can move radially along the energy-absorbing tube 10. A hydraulic chamber 55 is defined between the piston 54 and partition 52 within each individual chamber. This hydraulic chamber 55 is filled with a fluid medium, and as... Figure 3 As shown, the hydraulic chamber 55 is provided with a medium outlet 551 communicating with its interior. The medium outlet 551 is configured to allow fluid medium to be discharged from the hydraulic chamber 55 when the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 55 reaches a preset pressure threshold.

[0054] The friction element 53 corresponds one-to-one with the hydraulic chamber 55. Specifically, each friction energy absorption unit 50 has two friction elements 53, and the two friction elements 53 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides inside the energy absorption tube 10 with the axis of the energy absorption tube 10 as the center. For a single friction element 53, the friction element 53 is in close contact with the inner wall of the energy absorption tube 10 and forms a friction pair with the inner wall of the energy absorption tube 10. At this time, the friction element 53 is connected to the piston 54 in the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55 through the connecting element 56, so that the piston 54 can be driven by the friction element 53 to move in the hydraulic chamber 55. Specifically, when the friction element 53 is subjected to an eccentric extrusion force that is basically perpendicular to the axis of the energy absorption tube 10, the friction element 53 can drive the corresponding piston 54 to move radially along the energy absorption tube 10 under the transmission of the connecting element 56, and then the piston 54 extrudes the fluid medium in the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55.

[0055] It should be noted that, in actual implementation, the fluid medium filling the hydraulic chamber 55 may be, but is not limited to, hydraulic oil or similar liquid or gaseous media, and the friction element 53 may be, but is not limited to, a friction block made of materials such as carbon ceramic or plastic.

[0056] Based on the above settings, the energy absorption process of this anti-climb energy absorption device can be divided into center collision energy absorption and eccentric collision energy absorption according to the type of train collision.

[0057] Specifically, regarding the energy absorption in a head-on collision, when a train experiences a head-on collision, the longitudinal impact force on the anti-climb part 20 coincides with the axis of the energy-absorbing tube 10. Under this longitudinal impact force, the anti-climb part 20 will drive the energy-absorbing tube 10 to move along its axis towards the mounting part 30. At this time, the energy-absorbing tube 10 moves relative to the friction element 53 of the friction energy-absorbing unit 50, generating friction between them. This friction effectively resists the longitudinal impact force, thereby effectively absorbing the collision energy. It is worth noting that in practical applications, simply adjusting the amount of fluid medium filling each hydraulic chamber 55 allows the piston 54 to move closer to or further away from the separator 52, thus adjusting the contact pressure between the friction element 53 and the inner wall of the energy-absorbing tube 10. By adjusting this contact pressure, the friction force generated between the energy-absorbing tube 10 and the friction element 53 during their movement can be adjusted, thereby achieving the goal of adjusting the energy absorption capacity of the entire anti-climb energy-absorbing device.

[0058] Correspondingly, regarding eccentric collision energy absorption, when a train experiences an eccentric collision, the direction of the longitudinal impact force on the anti-climb part 20 will no longer coincide with the axis of the energy-absorbing tube 10, but will be offset relative to the axis of the energy-absorbing tube 10. Specifically, when the train experiences an eccentric collision to the left, the direction of the longitudinal impact force on the anti-climb part 20 will be offset to the left of the axis of the energy-absorbing tube 10, and when the train experiences an eccentric collision to the right, the direction of the longitudinal impact force on the anti-climb part 20 will be offset to the right of the axis of the energy-absorbing tube 10.

[0059] Taking an eccentric collision with the train veering to the left as an example, during the collision, the anti-climb part 20, under the action of the longitudinal impact force, will still drive the energy-absorbing tube 10 to move towards the mounting part 30. At this time, the friction force generated between the energy-absorbing tube 10 and the friction element 53 of the friction energy-absorbing unit 50 can still resist the longitudinal impact force, thereby effectively absorbing the collision energy. At the same time, since the direction of the longitudinal impact force is shifted to the left of the axis of the energy-absorbing tube 10, the anti-climb part 20 together with the energy-absorbing tube 10 will have a tendency to move to the right. That is to say, at this time, the energy-absorbing tube 10 will apply an eccentric extrusion force that is basically perpendicular to the axis of the energy-absorbing tube 10 to the friction element 53 on the left side of the friction energy-absorbing unit 50. This eccentric extrusion force is transmitted to the piston 54 corresponding to the friction element 53 through the corresponding connecting member 56. At this time, the piston 54 will have a tendency to move towards the separator 52 and squeeze the fluid medium in the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55, thereby causing the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 55 to continuously increase. As the collision continues, when the hydraulic chamber 5 When the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 55 reaches the preset pressure threshold under the squeezing action of the piston 54, the medium outlet 551 corresponding to the hydraulic chamber 55 opens, and the piston 54 moves in the direction of the separator 52 and can continuously squeeze out the fluid medium in the hydraulic chamber 55. At this time, the eccentric squeezing force from the energy-absorbing pipe 10 will be converted into the heat energy and kinetic energy of the fluid medium and dissipated, thereby achieving the purpose of absorbing and resisting the eccentric squeezing force from the energy-absorbing pipe 10, thus avoiding damage to the energy-absorbing pipe 10 under the action of eccentric squeezing force, so that the anti-climb energy-absorbing device still has good energy absorption capacity under eccentric collision, and improves the reliability of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device in practical applications.

[0060] It should be noted that when the train experiences an eccentric collision to the right, the energy absorption process of the anti-climb energy absorption device is roughly the same as that when the train experiences an eccentric collision to the left, the only difference being that the eccentric extrusion force from the energy absorption pipe 10 will act on the friction element 53 of the friction energy absorption unit 50 located on the right side. Furthermore, in practical implementation, multiple friction energy absorption units 50 can be used, and these units can be spaced apart along the axis of the energy absorption pipe 10 to further enhance the energy absorption capacity of the anti-climb energy absorption device. For example, the appendix provided by this invention... Figure 1The diagram illustrates an anti-climb energy absorption device with two friction energy absorption units 50. When two friction energy absorption units 50 are used, the degrees of freedom of the energy absorption tube 10 can be more effectively restricted, thereby improving the energy absorption effect. More importantly, it can ensure the self-centering ability after eccentric collision and has better anti-eccentricity performance. Of course, the number of friction energy absorption units 50 is not limited to this and is not specified here.

[0061] To further enhance the ability of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device to absorb and resist eccentric extrusion pressure, in other embodiments of the present invention, reference is continued to be made to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 Furthermore, an elastic element 57 can be provided in each hydraulic chamber 55 of the friction energy absorption unit 50, and the two ends of the elastic element 57 are respectively connected to the separator 52 and the corresponding piston 54. In this case, the medium outlet 551 is located close to the separator 52 so that when the elastic element 57 is in the ultimate compression state, the medium outlet 551 remains in communication with the hydraulic chamber 55. In other words, even when the piston 54 moves toward the separator 52 to the ultimate position, the fluid medium in the hydraulic chamber 55 can be discharged through the medium outlet 551.

[0062] The elastic element 57 can be, but is not limited to, a compression spring. The elastic element 57 absorbs and resists some of the eccentric compressive force. Specifically, when the piston 54 moves toward the separator 52, in addition to compressing the fluid medium in the hydraulic chamber 55, the piston 54 also compresses the elastic element 57. At this time, the elastic element 57 is compressed to convert the kinetic energy of the piston 54 into elastic potential energy. Based on this, combined with the discharge of the fluid medium, the ability of the friction energy absorption unit 50 to absorb and resist eccentric compressive force can be effectively improved.

[0063] Secondly, in other embodiments of the present invention, reference continues to be made to... Figure 3 The hydraulic chamber 55 is also provided with a medium inlet 552 communicating with its interior. The medium inlet 552 is configured to allow fluid medium to enter the hydraulic chamber 55. At this time, the medium inlet 552 is located close to the partition 52 so that when the elastic member 57 is in the ultimate compression state, the medium inlet 552 can still maintain communication with the hydraulic chamber 55. In other words, even when the piston 54 moves toward the partition 52 to the ultimate position, the fluid medium can still enter the hydraulic chamber 55 through the medium inlet 552.

[0064] Understandably, the setting of the medium inlet 552 helps to improve the reusability of the anti-climb energy absorption device. Specifically, when the anti-climb energy absorption device completes energy absorption due to a collision, it is only necessary to replenish the fluid medium to the hydraulic chamber 55 that has discharged the fluid medium through the corresponding medium inlet 552, so that the friction energy absorption unit 50 can restore its ability to absorb and resist eccentric extrusion pressure. At this time, it is often only necessary to replace the friction component 53 that constitutes the friction energy absorption unit 50 so that the anti-climb energy absorption device can be put into use again.

[0065] Based on this, in order to discharge the fluid medium from the hydraulic chamber 55 or replenish the hydraulic chamber 55 with new fluid medium, and simultaneously achieve the recycling of the fluid medium, in other embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, each hydraulic chamber 55 has a first branch pipe 58 connected to its medium outlet 551, and a first solenoid valve 59 for controlling the opening and closing of the first branch pipe 58 is connected to the first branch pipe 58. Correspondingly, each hydraulic chamber 55 has a second branch pipe 510 connected to its medium inlet 552, and a second solenoid valve 511 for controlling the opening and closing of the second branch pipe 510 is connected to the second branch pipe 510.

[0066] It is understandable that in actual implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first branch pipe 58 connected to the medium outlet 551 of the two hydraulic chambers 55 of the same friction energy absorption unit 50 can be merged into one pipe to share the same first solenoid valve 59. Correspondingly, the second branch pipe 59 connected to the medium inlet 552 of the two hydraulic chambers 55 of the same friction energy absorption unit 50 can also be merged into one pipe to share the same second solenoid valve 511.

[0067] At the same time, the anti-climb energy-absorbing device also includes a circulation unit 60, specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the circulation unit 60 includes a first main pipeline 61, a second main pipeline 62, and a circulation tank 63. The first main pipeline 61 is connected to a first branch pipeline 58, and a third solenoid valve 64 and a first check valve 65 are sequentially connected to the first main pipeline 61. Correspondingly, the second main pipeline 62 is connected to a second branch pipeline 510, and a hydraulic pump 66, a pressure boosting valve 67, and a second check valve 68 are sequentially connected to the second main pipeline 62. Both the first main pipeline 61 and the second main pipeline 62 are connected to the circulation tank 63.

[0068] It should be noted that the connection between the first main pipeline 61 and the first branch pipeline 58 mentioned above means that the first branch pipeline 58 connected to the medium outlet 551 of the hydraulic chamber 55 of all friction energy absorption units 50 is connected to the first main pipeline 61. Correspondingly, the connection between the second main pipeline 62 and the second branch pipeline 510 mentioned above means that the second branch pipeline 510 connected to the medium inlet 552 of the hydraulic chamber 55 of all friction energy absorption units 50 is connected to the second main pipeline 62.

[0069] Based on the above settings, during the energy absorption phase, when the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 55 of the friction energy absorption unit 50 reaches the preset pressure threshold under the action of the corresponding piston 54, the first solenoid valve 59 on the first branch pipe 58 opens. At the same time, the third solenoid valve 64 and the first check valve 65 on the first main pipe 61 also open simultaneously. At this time, the fluid medium in the hydraulic chamber 55 flows sequentially through the corresponding first branch pipe 58 and the first main pipe 61 under the squeezing action of the piston 54 and then enters the circulation tank 63. Due to the setting of the first check valve 65, the fluid medium can be effectively prevented from flowing back to the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55 through the medium outlet 551.

[0070] Correspondingly, when the collision is completed and it is necessary to replenish the fluid medium in the hydraulic chamber 55 that has been discharged, the hydraulic pump 66 on the second main pipeline 62 is started, and the pressure boosting valve 67 and the second check valve 68 on the second main pipeline 62, as well as the second solenoid valve 511 on the second branch pipeline 510, are opened simultaneously. At this time, the fluid medium in the circulation tank 63 is drawn out by the hydraulic pump 66 and flows through the second main pipeline 62 and the corresponding second branch pipeline 510 in sequence before entering the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55. During this process, the pressure boosting valve 67 can pressurize the fluid medium flowing through the second main pipeline 62 so that the pressure of the fluid medium replenished to the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55 meets the usage requirements, while the setting of the second check valve 68 can effectively prevent the fluid medium from flowing back into the circulation tank 63 through the medium inlet 552.

[0071] It can be seen that by setting up the circulation unit 60, the fluid medium used in the entire anti-climb energy absorption device is recycled, thereby improving the utilization rate of fluid medium resources.

[0072] Furthermore, in order to protect the corresponding pipelines, in other embodiments of the present invention, the interior of the support portion 40 can be configured as a hollow structure. In this case, such as... Figure 1As shown, both the first branch pipe 58 and the second branch pipe 510 are located inside the support part 40. Meanwhile, the circulation box 63 is positioned outside the energy-absorbing pipe 10. The first main pipe 61 passes through the mounting part 30 and extends into the support part 40, where it connects to the first branch pipe 58. The second main pipe 62 passes through the mounting part 30 and extends into the support part 40, where it connects to the second branch pipe 510. This arrangement allows the support part 40 to protect the pipes connected to the hydraulic chamber 55, thus extending the service life of each pipe.

[0073] On the other hand, in order to determine whether the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 55 has reached a preset pressure threshold, in other embodiments of the present invention, the connecting member 56 for connecting the piston 54 and the friction member 53 has been improved.

[0074] Specifically, continue to refer to Figure 2 The connecting member 56 includes a piston rod 561, a pressure sensor 562, and a connecting beam 563. The piston rod 561 is connected to the piston 54, the connecting beam 563 is connected to the friction member 53, and the pressure sensor 562 is disposed between the piston rod 561 and the connecting beam 563. The pressure sensor 562 is used to detect the contact pressure between the piston rod 561 and the connecting beam 563, so as to determine whether the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 55 has reached the preset pressure threshold based on the contact pressure.

[0075] Specifically, when the friction element 53 is subjected to eccentric extrusion pressure from the energy-absorbing tube 10, the connecting beam 563 connected to the friction element 53 will compress the piston rod 561. At this time, the contact pressure between the connecting beam 563 and the piston rod 561 will increase. Correspondingly, the piston rod 561 pushes the corresponding piston 54, which will compress the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55 and cause the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 55 to continuously increase. Since the contact pressure between the connecting beam 563 and the piston rod 561 is proportional to the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 55, the pressure sensor 562 can be used to detect the pressure between the connecting beam 563 and the piston rod 561 to indirectly determine whether the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 55 has reached the preset pressure threshold.

[0076] Based on this, in order to improve the automation level of the entire anti-climb energy absorption device, we will continue to refer to... Figure 4 The circulation unit 60 may also include a control unit 69, which is communicatively connected to a pressure sensor 562, a first solenoid valve 59, a second solenoid valve 511, a third solenoid valve 64, a first check valve 65, a hydraulic pump 66, a booster valve 67, and a second check valve 68. The control unit 69 may be, but is not limited to, a microcontroller.

[0077] In this way, the control unit 69 can receive the pressure information sent by the pressure sensor 562. At this time, the control unit 69 can determine whether the pressure in the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55 has reached the preset pressure threshold based on the received pressure information. Once the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 55 reaches the preset pressure threshold, the control unit 69 can promptly control the opening of the first solenoid valve 59 on the first branch pipe 58 and the third solenoid valve 64 and the first check valve 65 on the first main pipe 61, thereby allowing the fluid medium in the hydraulic chamber 55 to flow to the circulation tank 63 through the first branch pipe 58 and the first main pipe 61. Conversely, when it is necessary to replenish the fluid medium in the hydraulic chamber 55 that has been drained, the control unit 69 controls the hydraulic pump 66 on the second main pipe 62 to start, and simultaneously opens the booster valve 67 and the second check valve 68 on the second main pipe 62, as well as the second solenoid valve 511 on the second branch pipe 510, so that the hydraulic pump 66 can pump the fluid medium in the circulation tank 63 to the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55.

[0078] In addition, the inventors of this invention have further discovered that, in addition to absorbing and resisting the eccentric extrusion force generated by the train during an eccentric collision, the aforementioned friction energy absorption unit 50 can further enhance the energy absorption capacity of the anti-climb energy absorption device when the train experiences a head-on collision by improving the structure of the energy absorption tube 10.

[0079] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, in other embodiments of the present invention, the energy-absorbing tube 10 can be configured as a tapered structure, with the smaller diameter end of the energy-absorbing tube 10 serving as the fixed end and the larger diameter end serving as the free end. That is, the diameter of the energy-absorbing tube 10 gradually increases from the anti-climb portion 20 to the mounting portion 30.

[0080] With this configuration, when a train experiences a head-on collision, as described above, the anti-climbing part 20, under the action of longitudinal impact force, will drive the energy-absorbing tube 10 towards the mounting part 30. At this time, the friction force generated between the energy-absorbing tube 10 and the friction element 53 of the friction energy-absorbing unit 50 can effectively resist the longitudinal impact force, thereby effectively absorbing the collision energy. At the same time, since the diameter of the part of the energy-absorbing tube 10 near the anti-climbing part 20 gradually decreases, the energy-absorbing tube 10 will simultaneously apply a squeezing force that is basically perpendicular to the axis of the energy-absorbing tube 10 to the friction elements 53 on both sides of the friction energy-absorbing unit 50 as it moves towards the mounting part 30. This squeezing force will also be transmitted to the corresponding piston 54 through the connecting part 56. At this time, the piston 54 will also squeeze the liquid medium in the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55. That is to say, in this state, the piston 54 located in the two chambers inside the cylinder 51 will simultaneously squeeze the fluid medium in the corresponding hydraulic chamber 55.

[0081] Based on this, when the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 55 reaches a preset pressure threshold at a certain moment, the liquid medium inside the hydraulic chamber 55 will also be discharged from the medium outlet 551 of the hydraulic chamber 55, thereby absorbing part of the collision energy. In other words, by setting the energy-absorbing tube 10 as a conical structure, when the anti-climb energy-absorbing device absorbs energy during a center-to-center collision, in addition to relying on the friction force generated between the friction element 53 and the energy-absorbing tube 10 to absorb the collision energy, it can also combine with the friction energy-absorbing unit 50 to absorb the collision energy simultaneously. This further enhances the energy absorption capacity of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device, making the collision energy more effectively dissipated.

[0082] Meanwhile, considering that if the energy of a collision is large, the anti-climb part 20 will eventually move to contact the cylinder 51 of the first friction energy absorption unit 50 near the anti-climb part 20. Therefore, in order to prevent the anti-climb part 20 from damaging the friction energy absorption unit 50, in other embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 or Figure 5 As shown, a buffer block 70 can be provided on the side of the substrate 21 constituting the anti-climb part 20 facing the energy-absorbing tube 10, and the buffer block 70 is aligned with the interior of the energy-absorbing tube 10. The buffer block 70 can be, but is not limited to, being made of rubber.

[0083] By setting the buffer block 70, in practical applications, when the anti-climb part 20 moves under the action of longitudinal impact force to contact the first friction energy absorption unit 50 near the anti-climb part 20, it is the buffer block 70 that contacts the friction energy absorption unit 50 instead of the base plate 21 of the anti-climb part 20. With the help of the buffer block 70, a good buffering effect can be achieved, thereby effectively preventing the base plate 21 of the anti-climb part 20 from damaging the cylinder 51 of the friction energy absorption unit 50, and increasing the possibility of the friction energy absorption unit 50 being reused.

[0084] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-centering friction-type anti-climb energy absorption device, characterized in that, include: An energy-absorbing tube, wherein the energy-absorbing tube has a tapered structure, with the smaller diameter end of the energy-absorbing tube serving as a fixed end and the larger diameter end serving as a free end; An anti-climbing part is provided at the fixed end of the energy-absorbing tube; The mounting part is disposed opposite to the free end of the energy-absorbing tube; A support portion, one end of which is connected to the mounting portion, and the other end of which extends from the free end of the energy-absorbing tube into the interior of the energy-absorbing tube; At least one frictional energy-absorbing unit disposed inside the energy-absorbing tube, the frictional energy-absorbing unit comprising: The cylinder body is connected to the support portion; A separator is disposed inside the cylinder to divide the cylinder interior into two symmetrically distributed chambers centered on the axis of the energy-absorbing tube. A piston is disposed within each chamber, and the piston's movement path is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the energy-absorbing tube. A hydraulic chamber is defined between the piston and the separator. The hydraulic chamber is filled with a fluid medium and has a medium outlet communicating with its interior. The medium outlet is configured to allow the fluid medium to be discharged from the hydraulic chamber when the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber reaches a preset pressure threshold. The hydraulic chamber also has a medium inlet communicating with its interior, and the medium inlet is configured to allow the fluid medium to enter the hydraulic chamber. Friction components corresponding to the hydraulic chambers are in close contact with the inner wall of the energy-absorbing tube and form a friction pair with the inner wall of the energy-absorbing tube. The friction components are connected to the pistons in the corresponding hydraulic chambers through connecting components, so as to drive the pistons to move in the hydraulic chambers through the friction components. The connector includes a piston rod, a pressure sensor, and a connecting beam; the piston rod is connected to the piston, and the connecting beam is connected to the friction element. The pressure sensor is disposed between the piston rod and the connecting beam. The pressure sensor is used to detect the contact pressure between the piston rod and the connecting beam, so as to determine whether the pressure in the hydraulic chamber reaches a preset pressure threshold based on the contact pressure. The medium outlet is connected to a first branch pipeline, and a first solenoid valve is connected to the first branch pipeline; A second branch pipeline is connected to the medium inlet, and a second solenoid valve is connected to the second branch pipeline; It also includes a loop unit, which includes: The first main pipeline is connected to the first branch pipeline; a third solenoid valve and a first check valve are connected sequentially on the first main pipeline. The second main pipeline is connected to the second branch pipeline; a hydraulic pump, a booster valve and a second check valve are connected in sequence on the second main pipeline. The circulation box is connected to both the first main pipeline and the second main pipeline. The control unit is communicatively connected to the pressure sensor, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the first check valve, the hydraulic pump, the booster valve, and the second check valve. When the pressure in the hydraulic chamber reaches a preset pressure threshold, the control unit controls the fluid medium in the hydraulic chamber to flow into the circulation tank. When it is necessary to replenish the fluid medium in the hydraulic chamber that has been drained, the control unit controls the hydraulic pump to pump the fluid medium in the circulation tank into the corresponding hydraulic chamber. The support portion is hollow inside, and both the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are located inside the support portion.

2. The self-aligning friction-type anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic chamber is also provided with an elastic element, and the two ends of the elastic element are respectively connected to the separator and the corresponding piston; When the elastic element is in a state of ultimate compression, the medium outlet remains connected to the hydraulic chamber.

3. The self-aligning friction-type anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the elastic element is in a state of extreme compression, the medium inlet remains connected to the hydraulic chamber.

4. The self-aligning friction-type anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first main pipeline passes through the mounting section and extends into the support section before connecting with the first branch pipeline. The second main pipeline passes through the mounting section and extends into the support section before connecting with the second branch pipeline.

5. The self-aligning friction-type anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-climb part includes a substrate and anti-climb teeth. The substrate is connected to the fixed end of the energy-absorbing tube, and the anti-climb teeth are disposed on the side of the substrate away from the energy-absorbing tube. A buffer block is provided on the side of the substrate facing the energy-absorbing tube, and the buffer block is aligned with the inside of the energy-absorbing tube.

6. The self-centering friction-type anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of friction energy absorption units is multiple, and the multiple friction energy absorption units are arranged at intervals along the axis of the energy absorption tube.

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