A method for simulating the load of marine winches

Abstract

A method for simulating the load of a marine winch includes a load winch, a testing device, a hydraulic system, and a control system. The load winch includes a base and a hydraulic motor, a test drum, and a reducer mounted on the base. The hydraulic motor is connected to the input end of the reducer via a universal joint, and the output end of the reducer is connected to the test drum via a coupling. The hydraulic motor is connected to the hydraulic system. A cable is wound on the test drum, and one end of the cable passes through the testing device and is connected to the winch under test. The testing device includes a support frame, on which a taller first pulley and two shorter second pulleys are mounted. The two second pulleys are respectively arranged on both sides of the first pulley. A pressure sensor for detecting the load pressure on the first pulley and a speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the first pulley are mounted on the support frame. The two second pulleys press the cable on the test drum onto the first pulley.

Description

[0001] This invention is a divisional application of application number "201710828595.3" entitled "An experimental apparatus and method for simulating the load of a marine winch". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to a method for simulating the load of a marine winch. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, there are three common loading methods for winch testing equipment: counterweight, dynamometer, and friction plate. Among these, the tower-type counterweight mechanical transmission method is bulky, requires a large area, and is difficult to construct, posing significant safety hazards during actual operation. Furthermore, the tested winch performance data has certain defects, such as failing to provide continuous load and driving torque consistent with actual working conditions, and measuring the winch lifting speed as an average speed, failing to detect speed variations. The dynamometer loading method utilizes the reverse drag principle of the motor to complete the loading work, but during load measurement, it can only operate passively and cannot actively load, and it cannot accurately obtain winch performance test parameters when the winch is running at low speeds. As for the friction plate loading method, it is impossible to precisely control the magnitude of the friction force. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for simulating the load of marine winches, which can simulate various working conditions of the winch, accurately obtain performance parameters such as winch load and speed, and complete pressure loading tests on different types of winches under different pressure specifications.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a marine winch load simulation experimental device, comprising a load winch, a testing device, a hydraulic system, and a control system; The load winch includes a base and a hydraulic motor, a test drum and a reducer mounted on the base. The hydraulic motor is connected to the input end of the reducer through a universal joint, and the output end of the reducer is connected to the test drum through a coupling. The hydraulic motor is connected to the hydraulic system. A cable is wound on the test drum, and one end of the cable passes through the test device and is connected to the winch to be tested. The testing device includes a support frame on which a taller first pulley and two shorter second pulleys are mounted. The two second pulleys are respectively arranged on both sides of the first pulley. A pressure sensor for detecting the load pressure on the first pulley and a speed sensor for detecting the rotation speed of the first pulley are mounted on the support frame. The two second pulleys press the cable on the test drum onto the first pulley. The control system includes a PLC controller, an LCD display module, and a key input module. The speed sensor and pressure sensor transmit the monitored signals to the PLC controller.

[0006] The hydraulic system includes an oil tank, a variable displacement pump, a variable frequency motor, a proportional relief valve, a two-position two-way directional valve, a three-position four-way directional valve, a level sensor, a heater, and a temperature sensor. The variable frequency motor drives the variable displacement pump to rotate. The pump inlet is connected to the oil tank via an inlet pipe, and the outlet is connected to the hydraulic motor via an outlet pipe. The three-position four-way directional valve is installed on the outlet pipe, which is connected to the oil tank via two branch pipes. The proportional relief valve and the two-position two-way directional valve are respectively installed on the two branch pipes. The drain port of the three-position four-way directional valve is connected to the oil tank via a drain pipe. Multiple one-way throttle valves are installed on the drain pipe. The level sensor, heater, and temperature sensor are all installed inside the oil tank. The level sensor and temperature sensor transmit the monitored signals to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the two-position two-way directional valve, the three-position four-way directional valve, the proportional relief valve, the variable frequency motor, and the heater.

[0007] A method for simulating the test of a marine winch load simulation test device to conduct a test on the winch under test, wherein when the system is in the recovery mode, the winch under test winds up the cable and the load winch releases the cable. The experimental method is as follows: Start the rope-reeling mode of the winch under test, start the variable pump, energize the two-position two-way reversing valve, and switch the three-position four-way reversing valve to the left position. The winch under test retracts the cable on the load winch. At this time, the rope-reeling speed of the winch under test is greater than the rope-releasing speed of the load winch. Gradually increase the load of the winch under test by adjusting the proportional relief valve until the pressure sensor detects that the test tension has reached the set value. At the same time, increase the speed of the variable frequency motor on the load winch, and the output flow of the variable pump replenishes the hydraulic motor. The speed of the load winch gradually increases, and the rope-releasing speed of the load winch increases to the set value, thus completing the recovery condition experiment of the winch under test. By observing the changes in the readings of the pressure sensor and speed sensor, the operating characteristics of the winch under test under the recovery condition can be understood.

[0008] When the system is in the deployment phase, the winch under test releases the cable, and the load winch retracts the cable: The experimental method is as follows: the two-position two-way directional valve is de-energized, the load winch is unloaded and mechanically braked; after starting the rope-laying mode of the winch under test, the test tension is slightly greater than the set value by adjusting the proportional overflow valve, and the flow rate of the test winch is adjusted to the minimum; the load winch is working, the mechanical brake is released, the three-position four-way directional valve is switched to the right position, the hydraulic motor of the load winch reverses, and the flow rate of the variable pump is adjusted according to the rope-laying speed of the winch under test to change the speed of the hydraulic motor, so that the rope-laying speed of the winch under test is less than the rope-winding speed of the load winch. The excess flow rate output by the variable pump flows back to the oil tank through the electromagnetic overflow valve, thus completing the test of the winch under test deployment condition. The operating characteristics of the winch under test under deployment condition can be understood by the changes in the readings of the pressure sensor and the speed sensor.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) In terms of structural design, this test device uses two winches for testing. One winch is used as the winch to be tested, and the other winch is used as a simulated load. This breaks through the drawback of previous test devices that required separate design of loading devices for different test objects, expands the applicability of the test device, and realizes that one test device can test and analyze several models of winches with different structural dimensions.

[0010] (2) The hydraulic system is used to control the output pressure and flow of the hydraulic motor, thereby realizing the adjustment of tension and speed in the cable. This not only simulates the actual working conditions of the winch under test, but also ensures smooth operation and high safety.

[0011] (3) The load speed and load torque simulated by the loading experimental device can be controlled separately, which is convenient and flexible.

[0012] (4) The experimental device has two modes: active loading and passive loading. It has good practical and economic value and can be extended to other similar engineering fields. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the testing device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the control system of the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Load winch; 2. Test device; 3. Hydraulic system; 4. Control system; 5. Winch under test; 6. Cable; 11. Test drum; 12. Base; 13. Reducer; 14. Universal joint; 15. Bidirectional hydraulic motor; 21. Support frame; 22. Second pulley; 23. First pulley; 24. Speed ​​sensor; 25. Pressure sensor; 30. Branch pipe; 31. Oil tank; 32. Oil outlet pipe; 33. Three-position four-way directional valve; 34. Two-position two-way directional valve; 35. Proportional relief valve; 36. Variable pump; 37. Variable frequency motor; 38. Liquid level sensor; 39. Temperature sensor; 40. Heater. Detailed Implementation

[0015] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a marine winch load simulation experimental device includes a load winch 1, a testing device 2, a hydraulic system 3, and a control system 4. The load winch 1 includes a base 12 and a bidirectional hydraulic motor 15, a test drum 11 and a reducer 13 mounted on the base 12. The hydraulic motor 15 is connected to the input end of the reducer 13 through a universal joint 14. The output end of the reducer 13 is connected to the test drum 11 through a coupling. The hydraulic motor 15 is connected to the hydraulic system 3. A cable 6 is wound on the test drum 11. One end of the cable 6 passes through the test device 2 and is connected to the winch 5 to be tested. The testing device 2 includes a support frame 21, on which a taller first pulley 23 and two shorter second pulleys 22 are mounted. The two second pulleys 22 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first pulley 23. A pressure sensor 25 for detecting the pressure carried by the first pulley 23 and a speed sensor 24 for detecting the rotational speed of the first pulley 23 are mounted on the support frame 21. The two second pulleys 22 press the cable 6 on the test drum 11 onto the first pulley 23. When the cable 6 is under force, its tension is transmitted to the pressure sensor 25 through the first pulley 23. This method is simple to measure, has high measurement accuracy, and can dynamically measure the tension of the cable 6.

[0016] The control system 4 includes a PLC controller, an LCD display module, and a key input module. The speed sensor 24 and the pressure sensor 25 transmit the monitored signals to the PLC controller.

[0017] The hydraulic system 3 includes an oil tank 31, a variable displacement pump 36, a variable frequency motor 37, a proportional relief valve 35, a two-position two-way directional valve 34, a three-position four-way directional valve 33, a level sensor 38, a temperature sensor 39, and a heater 40. The variable frequency motor 37 drives the variable displacement pump 36 to rotate. The oil inlet of the variable displacement pump 36 is connected to the oil tank 31 through an inlet pipe, and the oil outlet of the variable displacement pump 36 is connected to the hydraulic motor 15 through an outlet pipe 32. The three-position four-way directional valve 33 is installed on the outlet pipe 32. The outlet pipe 32 is connected to the oil tank 31 through two branch pipes 30. The proportional relief valve 35 and the two-position two-way directional valve 34 are respectively installed on the two branch pipes 30. On the 0, the drain port of the three-position four-way directional valve 33 is connected to the oil tank 31 through the drain pipe. Multiple one-way throttle valves are installed on the drain pipe. The level sensor 38, heater, and temperature sensor 39 are all installed in the oil tank 31. The operator inputs information to the PLC controller through the key input module. The PLC controller controls the two-position two-way directional valve 34, the three-position four-way directional valve 33, the proportional relief valve 35, the variable frequency motor 37, or the heater 40 according to the input information. The level sensor 38 and the temperature sensor 39 transmit the monitored signals to the PLC controller. The PLC controller transmits the signals to the operator through the LCD display module.

[0018] The proportional relief valve 35 is used to control the maximum working pressure of the hydraulic system 3 through the setting of the proportional electromagnet, thereby controlling the maximum load of the load winch 1. These two control methods are independent of each other. The speed of the cable 6 can be continuously increased under the condition of a fixed load, and the load can be continuously increased under the condition of a fixed speed of the cable 6.

[0019] When the system is in an idling state, the winch 5 under test is kept stationary. The load winch 1 is started and the proportional relief valve 35 is fully opened. The pressure oil output by the variable pump 36 flows directly back to the oil tank 31, and the hydraulic system is unloaded. The opening of the proportional relief valve 35 is gradually reduced. At this time, the system pressure rises until the pressure sensor 25 detects that the tension is the set value.

[0020] When the system is in recovery mode, the winch 5 under test winds up the cable 6, and the load winch 1 releases the cable. The experimental method is as follows: Start the rope-reeling mode of the winch 5 under test, start the variable pump 36, energize the two-position two-way reversing valve 34, and switch the three-position four-way reversing valve 33 to the left position. The winch 5 under test retracts the cable 6 on the load winch 1. At this time, the rope-reeling speed of the winch 5 under test is greater than the rope-releasing speed of the load winch 1. By adjusting the proportional overflow valve 35, the load of the winch 5 under test is gradually increased until the pressure sensor 25 detects that the test tension has reached the set value. At the same time, the speed of the variable frequency motor 37 on the load winch is increased. The output flow of the variable pump 36 replenishes the hydraulic motor 15. The speed of the load winch 1 gradually increases, and the rope-releasing speed of the load winch 1 increases to the set value. The recovery condition experiment of the winch 5 under test is completed. By observing the changes in the readings of the pressure sensor 25 and the speed sensor 24, the operating characteristics of the winch 5 under test under the recovery condition can be understood.

[0021] When the system is in the deployment phase, the winch under test 5 releases cable 6, and the load winch 1 retracts the cable. The experimental method is as follows: the two-position two-way reversing valve 34 is de-energized, the load winch 1 is unloaded and mechanically braked; after starting the rope-laying mode of the winch under test 5, the test tension is slightly greater than the set value by adjusting the proportional overflow valve 35, and the flow rate of the test winch is adjusted to the minimum; the load winch 1 is working, the mechanical brake is released, the three-position four-way reversing valve 33 is switched to the right position, the hydraulic motor 15 of the load winch 1 is reversed, and the flow rate of the variable pump 36 is adjusted according to the rope-laying speed of the winch under test 5 to change the speed of the hydraulic motor 15, so that the rope-laying speed of the winch under test 5 is less than the winding speed of the cable 6 of the load winch 1. The excess flow rate output by the variable pump 36 flows back to the oil tank 31 through the electromagnetic overflow valve, thus completing the test of the deployment condition of the winch under test 5. The operating characteristics of the winch under test 5 under the deployment condition can be understood by the changes in the readings of the pressure sensor 25 and the speed sensor 24.

[0022] This experimental setup can simulate the loading process of the winch 5 under test during idling, retrieval, and deployment. The load torque and speed can be controlled independently, and the test performance parameters can be accurately obtained, demonstrating good application results.

Claims

1. A method for simulating the load of a marine winch, characterized in that: The experimental setup includes a load winch (1), a testing device (2), a hydraulic system (3), and a control system (4). The load winch (1) includes a base (12) and a hydraulic motor (15), a test drum (11) and a reducer (13) mounted on the base (12). The hydraulic motor (15) is connected to the input end of the reducer (13) through a universal joint (14). The output end of the reducer (13) is connected to the test drum (11) through a coupling. The hydraulic motor (15) is connected to the hydraulic system (3). A cable (6) is wound on the test drum (11). One end of the cable (6) passes through the test device (2) and is connected to the winch (5) to be tested. The testing device (2) includes a support frame (21), on which a tall first pulley (23) and two shorter second pulleys (22) are installed. The two second pulleys (22) are respectively arranged on both sides of the first pulley (23). A pressure sensor (25) for detecting the bearing pressure of the first pulley (23) and a speed sensor (24) for detecting the rotation speed of the first pulley (23) are installed on the support frame (21). The two second pulleys (22) press the cable (6) on the test drum (11) onto the first pulley (23). The control system (4) includes a PLC controller, an LCD display module and a key input module. The speed sensor (24) and the pressure sensor (25) transmit the monitored signals to the PLC controller. The hydraulic system (3) includes an oil tank (31), a variable pump (36), a variable frequency motor (37), a proportional relief valve (35), a two-position two-way directional valve (34), a three-position four-way directional valve (33), a level sensor (38), a temperature sensor (39), and a heater (40). The variable frequency motor (37) drives the variable pump (36) to rotate. The oil inlet of the variable pump (36) is connected to the oil tank (31) through an oil inlet pipe. The oil outlet of the variable pump (36) is connected to the hydraulic motor (15) through an oil outlet pipe (32). The three-position four-way directional valve (33) is installed on the oil outlet pipe (32). The oil outlet pipe (32) is connected to the oil tank (31) through two branch pipes (30). 1) Connected, the proportional relief valve (35) and the two-position two-way directional valve (34) are respectively installed on two branch pipes (30), the oil drain port of the three-position four-way directional valve (33) is connected to the oil tank (31) through the oil drain pipe, and multiple one-way throttle valves are installed on the oil drain pipe. The liquid level sensor (38), the heater (40) and the temperature sensor (39) are all installed in the oil tank (31). The liquid level sensor (38) and the temperature sensor (39) transmit the monitored signals to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the two-position two-way directional valve (34), the three-position four-way directional valve (33), the proportional relief valve (35), the variable frequency motor (37) and the heater (40); The experimental method includes: when the system is in the deployment condition, the test winch (5) releases the cable (6), and the load winch (1) takes in the cable: the two-position two-way reversing valve (34) is de-energized, the load winch (1) is unloaded and mechanically braked; after starting the cable release mode of the test winch (5), the test tension is slightly greater than the set value by adjusting the proportional overflow valve (35), and the test winch flow rate is adjusted to the minimum; the load winch (1) works, the mechanical brake is released, the three-position four-way reversing valve (33) is switched to the right position, and the hydraulic motor of the load winch (1) is activated. (15) Reverse the direction and adjust the flow rate of the variable pump (36) according to the cable release speed of the winch (5) under test to change the speed of the hydraulic motor (15), so that the cable release speed of the winch (5) under test is less than the cable winding speed of the load winch (1) (6). The excess flow rate output by the variable pump (36) flows back to the oil tank (31) through the electromagnetic overflow valve to complete the test of the winch (5) under test deployment conditions. By observing the changes in the readings of the pressure sensor (25) and the speed sensor (24), the operating characteristics of the winch (5) under test under deployment conditions can be understood.

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