A method and system for mapping the extent of a plume based on infrared long-range observations

Abstract

This invention relates to a method and system for mapping the range of exhaust gases based on long-distance infrared observation, belonging to the field of infrared observation. The method includes using an infrared observation instrument to obtain an infrared image of the target and its exhaust gases, along with the target's latitude, longitude, altitude, azimuth, and elevation angles. Based on the infrared image, a laser positioning module is used to target and locate the target's gas exhaust outlet. The target's latitude and longitude, as well as its planar relative position to the infrared observation instrument, are calculated. The target's latitude and longitude are displayed on the target-locking interface of the infrared observation instrument, while the planar relative position is displayed as a semi-circular plane on the observation interface. Calibration calipers are used to calibrate the width of the exhaust gases multiple times in multiple directions passing through the center point of the exhaust outlet to obtain the polygon covered by the exhaust gases, and the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gases is calculated. This method solves the problem of observing target exhaust gases and calculating the gas coverage area to determine whether it exceeds the chimney tower's restricted area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of infrared observation technology, and in particular to a method and system for mapping the coverage area of ​​exhaust gas based on infrared long-distance observation. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional chemical industries or waste incineration plants, towering chimneys or pylons emit large amounts of gas into the atmosphere. Typically, these gases are pre-treated before release, and the treated concentrations must meet national safety standards. Visible gases, which disappear as their concentration decreases, can be observed with the naked eye using a telescope. However, the current method for detecting invisible gases involves deploying multiple fixed monitoring points around the chimney or pylon to collect and analyze gas concentrations, which requires significant space and manpower.

[0003] In addition to existing methods for observing gas emissions, infrared observation can also be used for both visible and invisible gases. Because the temperature is lower at high altitudes, and the emitted gases are vaporized or combusted, they carry a higher energy level. When gases are emitted from chimneys or chimney platforms, they tend to concentrate at the exhaust outlet. As they diffuse with the wind, infrared instruments can detect large areas of diffusing gas until they gradually dissipate completely into the air.

[0004] Currently, infrared observation instruments can only be used to observe the direction and shape of gas diffusion and to determine whether there is a gas leak. They do not show the gas diffusion range and the distance to the chimney tower or chimney platform, nor do they combine the actual location of the chimney tower or chimney platform, so they cannot show the location and coverage area of ​​the discharged gas.

[0005] In mobile observations using infrared instruments, it is necessary to observe chimneys or chimney platforms from various angles. However, during movement, the changes in the geographical location of the chimney or chimney platform relative to the infrared observation instrument cannot be directly observed. Gas dispersion is related to wind direction, and infrared observation equipment can clearly observe the direction of gas dispersion based on gas temperature and concentration. Calculating the coverage area of ​​gas in the air using only satellite imagery is only applicable to visible gas, and the visible gas area cannot be too small. Furthermore, there is a lack of intuitive and convenient methods for determining whether gas diffusion is within the limitations imposed by the chimney or chimney platform. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a method and system for mapping the range of exhaust gas based on infrared long-distance observation, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art of infrared observation instruments for observing the gas diffusion at the gas outlet of a target chimney tower, calculating the gas coverage range in real time, and determining whether the gas coverage area exceeds the limit range of the chimney tower or chimney platform.

[0007] On one hand, the present invention provides a method for mapping the range of exhaust gases based on infrared long-distance observation, comprising: Step S1: Use an infrared observation instrument to obtain an infrared image of the target and the gas emitted by the target, as well as its latitude, longitude, altitude, azimuth and pitch angles. Step S2: Based on the infrared image, the laser positioning module is used to target and locate the gas outlet of the target, and the latitude and longitude of the target and the planar relative position of the target and the infrared observation instrument are calculated. Step S3: Display the latitude and longitude of the target on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument, and simultaneously display the relative position of the plane in the form of a semi-circular plane on the observation interface. Use calibration calipers to calibrate the width of the exhaust gas multiple times in multiple directions passing through the center point of the gas outlet to obtain the polygon covered by the exhaust gas, and calculate the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas.

[0008] Further, step S3 includes: Step S31: Display the target's restricted range and latitude and longitude on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument; Step S32: When the infrared observation instrument moves or rotates, the relative position of the plane is updated and displayed on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument. During the movement or rotation, calibration calipers are used to perform multiple calibrations in multiple directions with the target gas outlet as the center point to obtain the polygon covered by the gas, and the planar coverage area of ​​the discharged gas is calculated.

[0009] Furthermore, the calibration using calipers, with the target gas outlet as the center point, is performed multiple times in multiple directions to obtain the polygon covered by the gas, including: The diameter of the target gas outlet is set as the smallest unit of the calibration caliper. Using calibration calipers, multiple calibrations were performed in multiple directions passing through the center point of the gas outlet to obtain multiple transverse diameter line segments of the discharged gas. Based on the transverse diameter of the exhaust gas calibrated by the calibration caliper, each line segment is connected with the endpoints of the exhaust gas outlet of the infrared observation instrument as the midpoint, and the polygon covered by the exhaust gas is obtained. The area of ​​the polygon is calculated to obtain the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas.

[0010] Furthermore, by using calibrated calipers to perform multiple calibrations in multiple directions passing through the center point of the gas outlet, multiple transverse diameter line segments of the discharged gas are obtained as follows: First, mark a horizontal diameter line segment of the gas relative to the target; Next, draw a vertically labeled line segment; Continue moving or rotating the infrared observation instrument to bisect the diagonal and continue calibration, drawing a line segment relative to the center point of the gas outlet each time. Based on the smallest scale division of the caliper and its corresponding pixel value, and the pixel value of the gas's lateral diameter on the infrared observation instrument screen, the lateral diameter of the gas is calculated using the following formula:

[0011] Wherein, max pixel is the pixel value of the horizontal diameter of the exhaust gas relative to the screen, min length is the diameter of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform, and min pixel is the pixel value corresponding to the min length.

[0012] Furthermore, the calculation of the polygon area to obtain the planar coverage area of ​​the discharged gas includes: A polygon is composed of multiple smaller triangles. The formula for calculating the area of ​​each smaller triangle is:

[0013] Where S1 is the area of ​​one of the small triangles, a and b are the three sides of the small triangle, and C is the included angle between a and b; Calculate the areas of the small triangles sequentially, accumulate them to obtain the area of ​​the polygon, and then obtain the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas. The formula is:

[0014] Where S is the area of ​​the polygon, i is the plane coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas, i is the calibration number of the caliper, and n is twice the number of calibrations of the caliper.

[0015] Further, step S1 includes: The infrared observation instrument is in a stationary state. The multi-target locking interface, Beidou positioning module, compass module and laser ranging module are turned on. Infrared imaging captures images of the target and the gas exiting the target's gas outlet. The BeiDou positioning module acquires the latitude, longitude, and altitude values ​​of the infrared observation instrument itself. The compass module acquires the azimuth and elevation angles of the infrared observation instrument itself.

[0016] Step S2 includes: Step S21: Based on the infrared image, the laser positioning module performs target positioning and locks the target gas outlet to obtain the distance value from the infrared observation instrument to the target; Step S22: Based on the azimuth and elevation angles of the infrared observation instrument, as well as the distance to the target, calculate the target's azimuth, east, and north directions. Step S23: Based on the target's orientation (sky, north, and east) and the infrared observation instrument's own latitude and longitude, calculate the target's latitude and longitude. Step S24: Based on the latitude and longitude of the infrared observation instrument and the target, and the distance between the instrument and the target, calculate the relative position of the target and the infrared observation instrument in a Cartesian coordinate system.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes: The infrared observation instrument is aimed at the target; The gas outlet of the target is located by laser targeting when the infrared observation instrument is stationary; Determine whether the planar coverage area of ​​the gas emitted by the target is within the target's limit range; if it exceeds the limit range, issue an early warning.

[0018] Furthermore, the feature is that the calibration calibrator is used to calibrate the transverse diameter of the discharged gas, and the calibration is performed more than or equal to 2 times.

[0019] This specification also provides a system for mapping the range of exhaust gases based on infrared long-distance observation, including: an acquisition module M1, used to acquire infrared images of the target and the exhaust gases, as well as the target's latitude, longitude, altitude, azimuth, and pitch angles using an infrared observation instrument; The target recognition module M2 is used to locate and lock the target based on the infrared image using the laser positioning module, and calculate the target's latitude and longitude as well as the planar relative position of the target and the infrared observation instrument. The identification result display module M3 is used to display the latitude and longitude of the target and the restricted range on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument. At the same time, the relative position of the plane and the restricted range are displayed on the observation interface in the form of a semi-circular plane. The width of the exhaust gas is calibrated multiple times in multiple directions through the center point of the gas outlet using calibration calipers to obtain the polygon covered by the exhaust gas, and the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas is calculated.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. The graphical and intuitive representation of the geographic coordinate relationship between the target (chimney tower or chimney platform) and the infrared observation instrument enables rapid graphical target location; 2. The infrared observation instrument collects data and calculates the target's geographical coordinates. The laser target is aimed at the target. Based on the data from the compass and laser positioning module, the geographical coordinates of the target are calculated. The results are presented intuitively on the instrument interface, which is simple and easy to use. 3. Easy to operate: Point the infrared observation instrument at the target, press the confirmation key, and the infrared observation instrument will automatically calculate the positional relationship between the observed target and the infrared observation instrument, and then lock it; or manually input the latitude and longitude of the known chimney tower or chimney platform location.

[0021] 4. Grid display: The infrared observation instrument's interface displays a square grid. The size of each grid corresponds proportionally to the observation radius, facilitating the estimation of gas area and relative distance. 5. Utilization of restricted areas: Displays the restricted area of ​​the target chimney tower or chimney platform, applicable to various range-related scenarios, which is beneficial to the environmental and ecological protection near the chimney tower or chimney platform; for example, when garbage is incinerated, the gas from the chimney cannot drift into residential areas; harmful gases that are easily soluble in water from chemical plants cannot drift into reservoirs or water storage ponds.

[0022] 6. Supports the rotation and movement of infrared observation instruments. After the infrared observation instrument rotates, the locked target is displayed in real time at the corresponding position according to the rotation direction and movement of the infrared observation instrument. If the infrared observation instrument moves over a large area, and the distance and direction between the target and the infrared observation instrument change, the target locking information is updated in real time according to the locked target information and displayed on the interface. 7. Supports multi-scenario operation, supports observation of buildings within the range of chimney towers or chimney platforms, infrared recognition imaging, positioning and obtaining the location of this infrared observation instrument, laser target shooting, capturing the geographical location of the target, drawing electronic planar maps, etc.

[0023] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0025] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating the method for mapping the exhaust gas range based on infrared long-distance observation; Figure 2 Logic diagram of the target locking interface for infrared observation instruments; Figure 3(a) Infrared observation instrument and geodetic coordinate system; Figure 3(b) Elevation and azimuth angles observed by infrared observation instruments; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of Earth's spatial rectangular coordinate system; Figure 5 Setting up a diagram with a target range limited to 500m; Figure 6 The minimum scale calibration diagram of the reference caliper for the target locking interface; Figure 7 The gas transverse diameter diagram is calibrated using calipers at the target locking interface; Figure 8 To display the location map of the chimney tower or chimney platform in a semi-circular rectangular coordinate system on the observation interface; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a semi-circular rectangular coordinate system after a surface is calibrated on the observation interface; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the semi-circular rectangular coordinate system after calibrating two surfaces in the observation interface; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the semi-circular rectangular coordinate system after the three faces are calibrated in the observation interface (without opening the restricted range); Figure 12 A schematic diagram for calculating the area of ​​the discharged gas, which is a polygon. Figure 13 To observe the semi-circular rectangular coordinate system coordinate diagram after the three faces are calibrated in the interface (open the restricted range); Figure 14 To view the semi-circular rectangular coordinate system in the interface, open the grid diagram; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the system's exhaust gas range based on long-distance infrared observation. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] Currently, in existing technologies, the calculation of the coverage area of ​​gases emitted from the gas outlets of chimneys or chimney platforms into the sky relies solely on satellite imagery. This method is only applicable to visible gases, and the visible gas area cannot be too small. This invention upgrades upon existing infrared observation methods. The observation target is the chimney or chimney platform, and the target is the gas outlet. It observes both visible and invisible gases, then graphically displays the positional relationship between the target locked by the infrared observation instrument and the instrument itself. Furthermore, it adds an indicator showing if the gas emitted from the chimney or chimney platform exceeds its designated area; and it also shows the changes in gas dispersion with wind direction. These changes are combined with the infrared imagery in real time to calculate the changes in the coverage area of ​​the gases emitted from the chimney or chimney platform, and plotted on a semi-circular Cartesian coordinate system on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument. This overcomes the limitations of the small visible gas area and reliance on satellite imagery, improving the accuracy of calculating the coverage area of ​​gases emitted from the chimney or chimney platform's gas outlet.

[0028] This solution addresses the technical challenges of existing infrared observation instruments in observing the diffusion of gas emitted from chimney towers or pylons, calculating the gas coverage area, and determining whether gas from chimney towers or pylons exceeds their limits. The infrared observation instrument locates the gas outlet of the chimney tower or pylon, observes the gas dispersion range, calibrates and measures the lateral diameter of the gas, and plots the gas coverage area on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument.

[0029] This invention belongs to the field of infrared observation technology, and designs a method and system for mapping the range of emitted gas based on infrared long-distance observation.

[0030] Example 1: This invention aims to use a binocular infrared observation instrument to lock onto the gas exhaust outlet of a chimney tower or chimney platform as a target. The observation interface of the infrared observation instrument displays the geographical coordinate relationship between the chimney tower / chimney platform and the infrared observation instrument in a semi-circular Cartesian coordinate system. The gas is observed using the infrared observation instrument, and the lateral diameter of the gas on the current infrared image is calibrated using calibration calipers. Then, the exhaust gas is calibrated multiple times from multiple angles using the same method to calculate the coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas, determine whether the gas coverage area is within the target's limiting range, and display it in the semi-circular Cartesian coordinate system on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument.

[0031] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for mapping the coverage area of ​​exhaust gas based on infrared long-distance observation. The hardware device involved in this solution includes: (1) Infrared observation instruments, such as infrared cameras or infrared telescopes, which are used to capture infrared radiation from a target and convert it into visualized infrared images or data; (2) Beidou positioning module: used to obtain the latitude, longitude and altitude of the infrared observation instrument itself; (3) Compass module: used to obtain the compass's azimuth and elevation angles. The compass module is fixed in the infrared observation instrument. By obtaining the compass's azimuth and elevation angles, the infrared observation instrument's own azimuth and elevation angles can be obtained. (4) Laser ranging module: It uses a laser crosshair to assist in target positioning and to measure the distance between the infrared observation instrument and the target. It can measure long-distance distances, and under ideal conditions, the maximum distance that can be measured is 8 kilometers.

[0032] The Beidou positioning module, compass, and laser ranging module are all integrated into the infrared observation instrument. All three are indispensable in this solution and are used for positioning and long-distance ranging of the infrared observation instrument.

[0033] After locking onto the gas exhaust outlet of a chimney tower or pylon using a binocular infrared observation instrument, the system enters the target locking interface. The instrument uses a compass module for self-positioning, graphically displaying its own position, azimuth and elevation angles, the latitude and longitude of the target chimney tower, its restricted area, and the laser crosshair. The laser-guided target and the compass module calculate the target's latitude and longitude coordinates to lock onto the gas exhaust outlet of the chimney tower or pylon. The infrared observation interface then allows the instrument to rotate and move, displaying in real-time graphical representations of the planar geographic coordinates between the chimney tower / pylon and the infrared observation instrument.

[0034] Infrared observation instruments, while observing gas near the exhaust outlet of a target chimney tower or chimney platform, undergo positional changes, including rotation of the instrument or movement of the observation position. During these changes, they acquire geographic information and azimuth angles via laser positioning and compass modules, and calculate the geographic coordinate relationship with the locked target in real time. The observation interface of the infrared observation instrument displays the azimuth angle and the horizontal relative distance on a Cartesian coordinate system, indicating the target's limited range. This allows for rapid and efficient infrared observation and reconnaissance of locked targets.

[0035] After locking onto the gas outlet of the target chimney tower or chimney platform, the infrared observation equipment observes the gas emitted from the outlet in a static state. The observer sets the minimum scale division of the infrared observation instrument's calibration caliper as the reference value, where the minimum scale division is set to the diameter of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform. The position and size of the calibration caliper are adjusted to correspond to the lateral diameter of the gas. After calibration, the position of the calibration caliper is displayed on the semi-circular rectangular coordinate system of the infrared observation instrument's observation interface. After multiple caliper calibrations, a plane is formed, and the planar coverage area of ​​the gas is calculated using trigonometric functions.

[0036] The target is a chimney tower or chimney platform. The infrared observation instrument locks onto the gas exhaust outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform. The restricted area of ​​the chimney tower or chimney platform is the safe operating area of ​​the chimney tower or chimney platform. When operating within this area, it will not cause excessive impact on the surrounding environment or personnel, and it must be ensured that the emissions from the chimney tower or chimney platform will not have adverse effects on the surrounding environment and personnel. The specific definition and requirements of the restricted area vary depending on the specific regulations and circumstances.

[0037] The target locking interface of infrared observation instruments, such as Figure 2 As shown, taking a single caliper calibration of a target as an example: (1) The upper left corner of the target locking interface is the self-positioning of the infrared observation instrument obtained from the Beidou positioning module, including the latitude, longitude and altitude of the infrared observation instrument. Lat is the latitude, Lon is the longitude and Alt is the altitude.

[0038] The self-positioning information of the infrared observation instrument remains unchanged when stationary, but changes accordingly in real time when the position of the infrared observation instrument changes.

[0039] (2) The direction angle of the infrared observation instrument obtained by the compass is located to the right of the self-positioning information of the infrared observation instrument in the upper left corner, and the elevation angle of the infrared observation instrument obtained by the compass is located to the right of the direction angle of the infrared observation instrument. The first caliper directly above the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument graphically displays the direction angle of the infrared observation instrument obtained by the compass. The specific degree of the direction angle is marked below the first caliper. The azimuth angle is the angle between the infrared observation instrument and 0 degrees due north. Clockwise is positive and counterclockwise is negative. The right side of the multi-target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument displays the elevation angle of the infrared observation instrument graphically on the second caliper. The specific degree of the elevation angle of the infrared observation instrument is marked on the right side of the second caliper. Compared with the horizontal plane, upward is positive and downward is negative.

[0040] The compass azimuth angle is the angle between the compass and 0 degrees north, and the elevation angle is the angle between the compass and the horizontal plane. Since the compass is fixed in the infrared observation instrument, the compass azimuth and elevation angles are the same as those of the infrared observation instrument.

[0041] As the position of the infrared observation instrument changes, its azimuth and elevation angles change accordingly.

[0042] (3) The left middle position, directly below the instrument self-positioning information in the upper left corner, is the five-pointed star chimney tower or chimney platform target.

[0043] The target is circled in a dashed box on the left, indicating that the target is selected.

[0044] Lat represents latitude; Lon represents longitude; Dis represents the restricted range distance of the chimney tower or chimney platform, in meters.

[0045] The latitude and longitude of the chimney tower or chimney platform target are absolute positions and the target's restricted range. This value remains unchanged regardless of the location of the infrared observation instrument.

[0046] (4) The crosshair in the center of the display area is the laser crosshair, which needs to be aligned with the target during calibration. The laser crosshair is a crosshair mark formed on the observed target by the laser positioning module. The laser crosshair projects an accurate line or point on the target object to assist in target positioning. It can be a dot, a crosshair, or other schemes. In this scheme, the more conspicuous crosshair is chosen. The main advantages of the laser crosshair are accuracy and visibility, which is especially useful in long-distance or complex environments.

[0047] In this solution, when using infrared observation instruments for target locking, the laser crosshair provides a clear reference point, enabling the instrument operator to lock onto the target more quickly and accurately.

[0048] When the infrared observation instrument is far from the target, the laser crosshair is an auxiliary positioning tool, providing a clear marker to help the observer quickly lock onto the target and conduct more accurate observation and positioning.

[0049] (5) A movable calibration caliper, referred to here as the calibration caliper, is located directly below the target display position. The calibration caliper is a movable calibration caliper that can be set to the minimum scale.

[0050] Calibration reference setting: min is the smallest scale division of the calibration caliper. Under normal circumstances, the observer manually sets the calibration reference. The smallest scale division of the calibration caliper is the diameter of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform (this is a parameter of the chimney tower or chimney platform, which is a known length). This step aims to establish a length reference and align the calibration caliper with the actual size of the chimney tower or chimney platform. Reference Alignment: The observer manually aligns one graduation unit of the calibration caliper with the diameter of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform to ensure the accuracy of the calibration reference. In this way, one graduation unit in the infrared image of the infrared observation instrument corresponds to the actual diameter of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform.

[0051] Moving and adjusting the calibration caliper: The calibration caliper can be moved and zoomed in / out on the screen. The smallest division unit of the calibration caliper is the gas outlet diameter of the target chimney tower or chimney platform. When calibrating the lateral diameter of the discharged gas, the observer needs to gradually move and adjust the calibration caliper to align it with the point where the lateral diameter of the gas is the largest. max is the maximum diameter length of the gas measured by the calibration caliper under the current observation. The units of min and max are meters.

[0052] Measurement and Recording: After each alignment of the calibration caliper with the lateral diameter of the gas, read the value on the calibration caliper. This value represents the lateral diameter of the gas discharged from the gas outlet of the target chimney tower or chimney platform, and is displayed at the "max" position to indicate the maximum diameter length of the gas being measured.

[0053] Multiple calibrations: Move or rotate the infrared observation instrument. When the calibration calipers of the infrared observation instrument's target locking interface are calibrated multiple times from different horizontal observation directions of the exhaust gas, a line segment is drawn for the gas's horizontal diameter each time. By connecting the endpoints of the calibration line segment in sequence through multiple calibrations, an irregular polygon is obtained. The area of ​​the irregular polygon is the gas coverage area. The more times the calibration is performed, the more accurately the coverage area will be calculated.

[0054] The different angles are as follows: First, perform the first calibration horizontally relative to the target; then, perform the second calibration perpendicular to the target. If further calibration is needed, continue calibrating by bisecting the diagonal and drawing the horizontal diameter line segment of the discharged gas. The specific number of calibrations depends on the specific business application and scenario.

[0055] In summary, by setting the smallest graduation unit of the calibration caliper based on the diameter of the target gas outlet, and performing multiple calibrations in multiple directions passing through the center point of the gas outlet, the lateral diameter of the emitted gas in the infrared image is measured. This data helps calculate the coverage area of ​​the emitted gas, thereby more accurately assessing its propagation range and impact.

[0056] The observation interface of an infrared observation instrument, such as Figure 8 As shown: (1) The semi-circular rectangular coordinate system of the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument. Using the movable calibration caliper to calibrate the transverse diameter of the gas, the caliper is calibrated multiple times in multiple directions passing through the center point of the gas outlet. First, a line segment parallel to the target is drawn, then a perpendicular line segment is drawn. The infrared observation instrument is then moved or rotated to bisect the diagonal and continue calibration, drawing a line segment relative to the center point of the gas outlet each time. The endpoints of each line segment are connected sequentially to form an irregular polygon. The area of ​​this irregular polygon is the planar coverage area of ​​the gas. The area of ​​the irregular polygon is calculated using trigonometric functions, which gives the calculated planar coverage area of ​​the gas.

[0057] The more line segments drawn, the more accurate the calculated gas plane coverage area. Specifically, move or rotate the infrared observation instrument once, measure, and draw a horizontal diameter of the gas using the center point of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform as the reference point. The number of line segments drawn depends on the specific application and requirements.

[0058] The drawn line segments represent the transverse diameters of all gases, and all line segments intersect at a single point. The center point of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform is this intersection point. For example... Figure 9 , 10 11 represents the area covered by the exhaust gas, which is formed by repeatedly drawing horizontal diameter lines of the gas using the center point of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform as the base point and connecting the endpoints of the lines in sequence.

[0059] The infrared observation instrument's interface features a grid function, providing estimations of relative distance and area. For applications where distance and area requirements are less stringent, the grid viewing mode can be used to estimate distance and gas coverage area. The grid function is disabled by default.

[0060] (2) Delineate the restricted area of ​​the chimney tower or chimney platform. Compare the drawn gas plane coverage area with the circle whose radius is the restricted area of ​​the chimney tower or chimney platform, and observe whether the polygon is within the restricted area of ​​the chimney tower or chimney platform.

[0061] For example, in this solution, when using an infrared observation instrument to lock onto a target (the gas outlet of a chimney tower or chimney platform), the laser crosshair provides a clear reference point, enabling the infrared observation instrument operator to lock onto the target more quickly and accurately, i.e., to lock onto the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform.

[0062] When the infrared observation instrument is far from the target, the laser crosshair serves as an auxiliary positioning tool for locking onto the target. It provides a clear marker in the infrared image, helping observers to quickly lock onto the target and conduct more accurate observation and positioning.

[0063] There are two ways to input the latitude and longitude of the target chimney tower or chimney platform. One is to manually input the numbers, with the parameters set by the instrument operator. The second method is to calculate the latitude and longitude by hitting the center of the crosshair of the infrared observation instrument and then automatically display the calculated latitude and longitude values ​​on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument. This solution adopts the second method.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, a specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for mapping the range of exhaust gas based on infrared long-distance observation, including steps S1-S4: Step S1: Use an infrared observation instrument to obtain an infrared image of the target and the gas emitted by the target, as well as its latitude, longitude, altitude, azimuth and pitch angles. Step S2: Based on the infrared image, the target is located and locked using the laser positioning module, and the latitude and longitude of the target and the planar relative position of the target and the infrared observation instrument are calculated. Step S3: Display the latitude and longitude of the target and the restricted range together on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument. At the same time, display the relative position of the plane and the restricted range in the form of a semi-circular plane on the observation interface. Use calibration calipers to calibrate the width of the exhaust gas multiple times in multiple directions passing through the center point of the gas outlet to obtain the polygon covered by the exhaust gas, and calculate the plane coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas. Step S4: Determine whether the planar coverage area of ​​the gas emitted by the target is within the target's limit range. If it exceeds the limit range, issue an early warning.

[0065] Step S1, specifically.

[0066] With the infrared observation instrument in a stationary state, the target locking interface is opened, and the infrared observation instrument locks onto the gas exhaust outlet of the target chimney tower or chimney platform. Before starting target observation, the Beidou positioning module, compass module, and laser ranging module are turned on.

[0067] Infrared observation instruments acquire infrared images; the infrared images are the background images of the target locking interface of the infrared observation instruments, and change in real time with the position of the infrared observation instruments; the infrared images include the target and the images of the gas discharged from the target's gas outlet. The BeiDou positioning module acquires the latitude, longitude, and altitude values ​​of the infrared observation instrument itself. The compass module acquires the azimuth and elevation angles of the infrared observation instrument itself; On the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument, the observer sets the minimum scale unit of the calibration caliper according to the diameter of the gas outlet of the target, and min is set as the diameter of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform.

[0068] like Figure 6 As shown, the calibration caliper's min value is set to 200m, where 200m is the gas outlet diameter of the chimney tower or chimney platform. The min value varies depending on the specific application and requirements.

[0069] Step S2, specifically, includes the following steps.

[0070] Step S21: Based on the infrared image, the laser positioning module performs laser targeting to locate and lock the gas outlet of the target, and obtains the distance value from the infrared observation instrument to the target.

[0071] The target is a chimney tower or chimney platform, and the infrared observation instrument locks onto the gas exhaust outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform.

[0072] Based on the infrared image from the infrared observation instrument, the infrared observation instrument is pointed at the chimney tower or chimney platform, and the observer presses the confirmation button on the infrared observation instrument.

[0073] The laser positioning module obtains the distance value from the infrared observation instrument itself to the chimney tower or chimney platform.

[0074] Since this scheme is a target locking scheme for planar identification, the target's altitude value does not need to be used in this scheme.

[0075] Step S22: Based on the azimuth and elevation angles of the infrared observation instrument and the distance to the target, calculate the target's azimuth, eastward and northward values.

[0076] As shown in Figure 3(a), if we consider the Earth as a sphere, the geodetic coordinate system is a coordinate system based on the shape of the Earth's ellipsoid, using longitude and latitude to represent the position of points on the Earth's surface. The spatial rectangular coordinate system is a system that uses horizontal x and y axes and a z-axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane to represent the position of points in space.

[0077] Since the distance between the infrared observation instrument and the target in this scheme is a short distance relative to the Earth, the change in the sphere has little effect on the change in distance. Therefore, a spatial rectangular coordinate system is used directly, with longitude and latitude perpendicular.

[0078] As shown in Figure 3(b), with the infrared observation instrument's own position as the horizontal starting point P, the target point as S, the upward elevation angle as positive, and the downward depression angle as negative. The distance between P and S for laser target engagement is called Distance, which can be divided into the axial direction. And the two vectors P and Q in the horizontal direction, The elevation angle is the angle observed by the infrared observation instrument, obtained using the compass module.

[0079] Then, the horizontal vector PQ is further divided into northward vectors based on latitude and longitude. and the eastward vector , This is the direction angle observed by the infrared observation instrument, which is the direction angle obtained by the compass module.

[0080] The calculation of PQ is shown in formula (1): (1) Tianxiang The calculation is shown in formula (2): (2) North The calculation is shown in formula (3): (3) East The calculation is shown in formula (4): (4) Step S23: Based on the latitude and longitude of the infrared observation instrument itself, and based on the azimuth, north and east values ​​of each target, the latitude and longitude of the target are calculated. The latitude and longitude of the infrared observation instrument obtained by the Beidou positioning module are recorded as (lonX1, latY1). The north and east values ​​of the target are converted into latitude and longitude (lonX2, latY2), and then the longitude and latitude of the target are calculated. Calculate the length of the current latitude. Convert the spatial rectangular coordinate system to latitude and longitude. This method positions the object within a 3-kilometer range. Since the error of a spherical shape is relatively small, the variation in the spherical curve is ignored. The longitude plane is opened up, and each longitude is treated as parallel to the others. The distance is then used to calculate the change in latitude and longitude.

[0081] The length of the equator is 40075.04 km. The length of 1 degree of latitude = 40075.04 / 360 ≈ 111.3196 km, or The length of one second of latitude = 40075.04 / 360 / 3600 ≈ 30.9m lonX2= / 111.3196+lonX1; like Figure 5 The display shows that the length of each longitude is different at different latitudes. Let the current latitude be... The coordinates P(X,Y,Z) represent the Cartesian coordinates of the location. Z = 0 indicates the equator.

[0082] Earth's radius r = 6371 km

[0083] latY2= / +latY1; Step S24: Based on the latitude and longitude of the infrared observation instrument and the target, and the distance from the instrument to the target, calculate the relative position of the target and the infrared observation instrument in a Cartesian coordinate system.

[0084] If no value is set or the default value is 0, the target limitation range Dis is not enabled.

[0085] On the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument, at the Dis position behind the target, the observer enters the value of the target's limiting range. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the target's restricted range is set to 500m. After input, the restricted range information is displayed on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument, with the target's restricted range clearly shown at the central crosshair.

[0086] In a Cartesian coordinate system, the planar relative position of the target and the infrared observation instrument, including the orientation angle and distance.

[0087] After the target is selected, the infrared observation instrument calculates the planar orientation and planar position relationship between the target and the infrared observation instrument based on the observed distance and latitude and longitude information.

[0088] Assume the longitude of the infrared observation instrument is Latitude is The target latitude and longitude are Latitude is ; According to the Pythagorean theorem, the distance d between the infrared observation instrument and the target is as shown in formula (5): (11) When they are at the same longitude, that is =0, direction angle for: if Direction angle 0 。 ; if Direction angle For 90 。 ; if Direction angle 270 。 ; Located at different longitudes, and Direction angle for: (12) if , The direction angle is ; if , The direction angle is +180 。 ; if , The direction angle is +180 。 ; if , The direction angle is +360 。 ; Step S3, specifically.

[0089] Step S31: Display the target's restricted range and latitude and longitude on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument.

[0090] The target's limitation range is a setting switch. By default, this switch is not turned on. If it is not set or the default value is 0, the target's limitation range Dis length, in meters, is not enabled.

[0091] like Figure 8 As shown, a semi-circular rectangular coordinate system is used at the bottom of the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument to plot the positional relationship between the locked target and the instrument. At the bottom of the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument, the target's restricted range length is divided into 6 equal parts. With the infrared observation instrument itself as the center, 6 semi-circular planes are drawn with radii of 1-6 equal parts. And based on the target's orientation angle, draw the target on a semi-circular plane. For example... Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the limited range of infrared observation instruments without targeting.

[0092] Set the target's limiting range, and the limiting range will be displayed on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument. For example... Figure 13 The diagram shows the infrared observation instrument opening the target restriction range. In the semi-circular direct coordinates of the observation interface, a circle is drawn with the target as the center and the target restriction range as the radius, based on the target restriction range.

[0093] In step S32, when the infrared observation instrument moves or rotates, the relative position of the plane is updated and displayed on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument.

[0094] If the infrared observation instrument rotates or moves, its coordinates will shift. The graphical multi-target display at the bottom of the observation interface will then change accordingly. Based on the infrared image from the instrument, if the target is outside the field of view, it will appear as if it is positioned close to the bottom edge of a semi-circle.

[0095] like Figure 10 As shown, the infrared observation instrument moves and rotates 90 degrees around the chimney tower or chimney platform; the relative distance does not need to be kept constant. Figure 9 The diagram shows the position rotated 90 degrees to the west, and the target's position on the semicircle also rotates accordingly.

[0096] Step S33-1: Using a calibration caliper, with the target gas outlet as the center point, the width of the discharged gas is calibrated multiple times in multiple directions to obtain the polygon covered by the gas, and the planar coverage area of ​​the discharged gas is calculated.

[0097] like Figure 9 As shown, turn on the calibration caliper function to calibrate the lateral diameter of the discharged gas.

[0098] Step 1: Set the target gas outlet diameter as the minimum scale unit of the calibration caliper, and set the minimum scale "min" of the calibration caliper. In the target locking interface, set the minimum scale "min". Generally, the observer manually sets the minimum scale of the calibration caliper to the diameter of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform (this diameter is a known length), and then moves and expands / contracts the calibration caliper to align with the lateral diameter of the discharged gas.

[0099] The second step is to use a calibration caliper to perform multiple calibrations in multiple directions through the center point of the gas outlet to obtain multiple transverse diameter line segments of the discharged gas.

[0100] First, draw a line segment parallel to the target; Next, draw a vertical line segment; Continue moving or rotating the infrared observation instrument to bisect the diagonal and continue calibration, drawing a line segment relative to the center point of the gas outlet each time. The lateral diameter of the gas is calculated based on the smallest scale division of the caliper and its corresponding pixel value, as well as the pixel value of the gas's lateral diameter on the infrared observation instrument screen.

[0101] The lateral diameter of the exhaust gas is calculated by aligning it parallel and perpendicular to the target calibration, and by bisecting the diagonal calibration in sequence, based on the length and corresponding pixel of the minimum scale (min), and the corresponding pixel of the lateral diameter of the exhaust gas.

[0102] The lateral diameter of the gas is calibrated on the caliper. The caliper is moved and enlarged / reduced to align the caliper with the lateral diameter of the gas, and the position between min and max is defined as mid. Based on the value of min and the corresponding pixel, the pixel of the caliper is compared with the pixel of min to calculate the length of mid, as shown in formula (13): (13) Among them, the max pixel is the pixel value of the gas's lateral diameter on the screen, and the min pixel is the pixel value of the smallest scale division of the calibration caliper on the screen, that is, the pixel value of the diameter of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform on the screen. The max pixel value and the min pixel value are data provided by the infrared observation instrument.

[0103] This allows for the calculation of the calibrated transverse diameter of the gas. Figure 12 Taking S1 as an example, with the gas outlet of the chimney as the reference point, the exhaust gases a and b on the right side of the chimney are calculated statistically from the pixel points. The included angle C between A and b is obtained from the change in the compass direction angle. The observation at point a is due north at 0°, and the observation at point b is 60° east of north, so the included angle is 60°. The same applies to the triangles in other directions, and will not be elaborated further.

[0104] The third step involves obtaining line segments based on the transverse diameter of the exhaust gas caliped by the calibration calipers. Each line segment is connected to its endpoints with the center point of the gas exhaust outlet of the infrared observation instrument as the midpoint, thus obtaining the polygon covered by the exhaust gas. The area of ​​the polygon is then calculated to obtain the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas.

[0105] like Figure 9 The image shows the line segment drawn by the calibration calipers on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument when calibrating the gas once; the line segment is parallel to the target and is displayed as a line segment on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument. like Figure 10 As shown, the calibration calipers of the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument are used for the second calibration of the gas. The calibration is perpendicular to the target, and the second line segment is calibrated on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument. like Figure 11 As shown, the calibration caliper of the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument is used to perform the third calibration of the exhaust gas. The calibration is to bisect the diagonal line. The third line segment is calibrated on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument. like Figure 12 As shown, the polygon formed by three line segments is marked on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument. Calculate the area of ​​this polygon.

[0106] Calculate the area of ​​the polygon to obtain the coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas.

[0107] An irregular polygon is composed of multiple small triangles. By calculating the area of ​​each small triangle and summing them up, the area of ​​the polygon can be obtained, which gives the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas.

[0108] O represents the center point of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform; a represents a portion of the lateral diameter of the discharged gas as determined by the second calibration of the calipers (this length is directly obtained by the infrared observation instrument); b represents a portion of the lateral diameter of the discharged gas as determined by the third calibration of the calipers (this length is also directly obtained by the infrared observation instrument). The pixel values ​​corresponding to lengths a and b represent the number of pixels on the infrared observation instrument screen; c represents the difference in orientation angle between the two observations, which is a known condition.

[0109] Length and pixel value are directly proportional on the infrared observation instrument screen. The length of c can be obtained from the length and pixel value corresponding to 'a', and the pixel value corresponding to 'c'.

[0110] Calculate the area of ​​triangle S1 as shown in formula (14): (14) Where S1 is the area of ​​one of the small triangles, a and b are the three sides of the small triangle, angle C is the included angle between a and b, and the exhaust gases a and b are on one side of the chimney tower.

[0111] The area of ​​an irregular polygon is the sum of the areas of multiple small triangles. The number of calibrations required for the caliper depends on the specific application and requirements.

[0112] Calculate the area of ​​small triangles S2, S3, S4, ... Sn in sequence, accumulate the area to obtain the polygon area, and then obtain the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas.

[0113] The area of ​​the irregular polygon is shown in formula (15): (15) Where S is the area of ​​the polygon, i is the calibration number of the caliper used to calibrate the transverse diameter of the discharged gas, and n is twice the number of calibrations performed by the caliper. .

[0114] In summary, by calculating the area of ​​the irregular polygon, we can obtain the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas.

[0115] Furthermore, if the specific application requires consideration of the volume of the exhaust gas, one can consider the planar coverage area of ​​the gas, taking into account the three-dimensional distribution of the exhaust gas. Based on the gas density model, the polygons are projected onto the vertical direction (the height or thickness of the gas), and integral calculations are performed using the gas density model. The area of ​​the polygon at each height is the cross-sectional area, and the gas volume is obtained through integration.

[0116] Step S33-2: On the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument, turn on the grid and estimate the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas.

[0117] like Figure 14 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the grid function being enabled in the observation interface of an infrared observation instrument.

[0118] The infrared observation instrument uses a UI (User Interface) interface, which displays a square grid. The size of each grid corresponds proportionally to the lateral radius of the exhaust gas as caliped by the calibration calipers, facilitating the estimation of the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas and the estimation of the relative distance between the infrared observation instrument and the target.

[0119] It should be noted that steps S33-1 and S33-2 are two methods for calculating the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas, and they are not sequential in the process. Under the premise of limited resources or time, or when the accuracy requirement is not very strict, step S33-2 (roughly estimating the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas) can replace step S33-1 (precisely calculating the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas).

[0120] In one possible implementation, after obtaining the gas plane coverage area, step S4 may be included to provide an early warning based on the target's restricted area. Specifically...

[0121] The infrared observation instrument is aimed at the target; The gas outlet of the target is located by laser targeting when the infrared observation instrument is stationary; Determine whether the planar coverage area of ​​the gas emitted by the target is within the target's limit range; if it exceeds the limit range, issue an early warning.

[0122] like Figure 13 As shown, the polygon formed by three line segments caliped by the calibration calipers in the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument, as well as the restricted area for opening the target; Depend on Figure 13 It can be seen that the coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas is within the target's restricted range; Otherwise, if the gas coverage area is equal to the target's limit area, a prompt will be issued; if it is greater than the target's limit area, a warning will be issued.

[0123] Based on the aforementioned semi-circular planar graphic information, infrared observation instruments conduct gas emission surveys to ensure safe operation. If the gas coverage area is within the restricted range of the target chimney tower or chimney platform, it is safe; otherwise, if the gas coverage area exceeds the restricted range of the target chimney tower or chimney platform, a warning and alert will be issued, especially for waste incineration plants or chemical toxic gases, which require stricter control.

[0124] This invention provides a quick and convenient graphical display of the geographic coordinate relationship between the target (chimney tower or chimney platform) and the infrared observation instrument, reflecting the positional relationship between the target and the infrared observation instrument, as well as the application scenarios with limited range of the target.

[0125] This invention graphically and intuitively illustrates the relationship between the target and the instrument, determines whether the gas coverage area is within the target's limitations, and shows the limitations of a chimney tower or chimney platform. Infrared remote observation and calculation of the gas coverage area provide a convenient and safe remote observation method for safe operations.

[0126] Example 2: Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a system for mapping the range of exhaust gases based on infrared long-distance observation, thereby realizing the method in Embodiment 1 for identifying the coverage area of ​​a target chimney or the exhaust gases (including visible and invisible gases) from a chimney based on infrared observation. The specific implementation of each module is described in the corresponding description in Embodiment 1.

[0127] like Figure 15 As shown, the system includes an acquisition module M1, a target recognition module M2, a recognition result display module M3, and a judgment and early warning module M4, which are respectively: The acquisition module M1 is used to obtain infrared images of the target and the gas emitted by the target, as well as its latitude, longitude and altitude, azimuth and pitch angles using an infrared observation instrument. The target recognition module M2 is used to locate and lock the target based on the infrared image using the laser positioning module, and calculate the target's latitude and longitude as well as the planar relative position of the target and the infrared observation instrument. The identification result display module M3 is used to display the latitude and longitude of the target and the restricted range on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument. At the same time, the relative position of the plane and the restricted range are displayed on the observation interface in the form of a semi-circular plane. The width of the exhaust gas is calibrated multiple times in multiple directions through the center point of the gas outlet using calibration calipers to obtain the polygon covered by the exhaust gas, and the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas is calculated.

[0128] Since the system in this embodiment and the method in Embodiment 1 are related and can be referenced from each other, this description is redundant and will not be repeated here. Because this system embodiment shares the same principle as the above method embodiment, it also possesses the corresponding technical effects of the above method embodiment.

[0129] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the methods described in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be a disk, optical disk, read-only memory, or random access memory, etc.

[0130] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for mapping the range of emitted gas based on infrared long-distance observation, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Use an infrared observation instrument to obtain an infrared image of the target and the gas emitted by the target, as well as its latitude, longitude and altitude, azimuth and pitch angles. Step S2: Based on the infrared image, the laser positioning module is used to target and locate the gas outlet of the target, and the latitude and longitude of the target and the planar relative position of the target and the infrared observation instrument are calculated. Step S3: Display the latitude and longitude of the target on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument, and display the relative position of the plane in the form of a semi-circular plane on the observation interface. Use calibration calipers to calibrate the width of the exhaust gas multiple times in multiple directions passing through the center point of the gas outlet to obtain the polygon covered by the exhaust gas, and calculate the plane coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas. Step S3 includes: Step S31: Display the target's restricted range and latitude and longitude on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument; Step S32: When the infrared observation instrument moves or rotates, the relative position of the plane is updated and displayed on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument. During the movement or rotation, calibration calipers are used to perform multiple calibrations in multiple directions with the target gas outlet as the center point to obtain the polygon covered by the gas, and the planar coverage area of ​​the discharged gas is calculated.

2. The method for drawing the exhaust gas range according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of using calibrated calipers to perform multiple calibrations in multiple directions, with the target gas outlet as the center point, yields the polygon covered by the gas, including: The diameter of the target gas outlet is set as the smallest unit of the calibration caliper. Using calibration calipers, multiple calibrations were performed in multiple directions passing through the center point of the gas outlet to obtain multiple transverse diameter line segments of the discharged gas. Based on the transverse diameter of the exhaust gas calibrated by the calibration caliper, each line segment is connected with the endpoints of the exhaust gas outlet of the infrared observation instrument as the midpoint, and the polygon covered by the exhaust gas is obtained. The area of ​​the polygon is calculated to obtain the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas.

3. The method for drawing the exhaust gas range according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calibration caliper was used to perform multiple calibrations in multiple directions passing through the center point of the gas outlet, resulting in multiple transverse diameter line segments for the discharged gas: First, mark a horizontal diameter line segment of the gas relative to the target; Next, draw a line segment that is perpendicular to the marking. Continue moving or rotating the infrared observation instrument to bisect the diagonal and continue calibration, drawing a line segment relative to the center point of the gas outlet each time. Based on the smallest scale division of the caliper and its corresponding pixel value, and the pixel value of the gas's lateral diameter on the infrared observation instrument screen, the lateral diameter of the gas is calculated using the following formula: Wherein, max length is the maximum diameter of the gas measured by the caliper under the current observation; max pixel is the pixel value of the horizontal diameter of the discharged gas on the screen; min length is the diameter of the gas outlet of the chimney tower or chimney platform; and min pixel is the pixel value corresponding to the min length.

4. The method for drawing the exhaust gas range according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation of the polygon area to obtain the planar coverage area of ​​the discharged gas includes: A polygon is composed of multiple smaller triangles. The formula for calculating the area of ​​each smaller triangle is: Where S1 is the area of ​​one of the small triangles, a and b are the three sides of the small triangle, and C is the included angle between a and b; Calculate the areas of the small triangles sequentially, accumulate them to obtain the area of ​​the polygon, and then obtain the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas. The formula is: Where S is the area of ​​the polygon, i is the plane coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas, i is the calibration number of the caliper, and n is twice the number of calibrations of the caliper.

5. The method for plotting the exhaust gas range according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: The infrared observation instrument is in a stationary state. The multi-target locking interface, Beidou positioning module, compass module, and laser ranging module are activated. Infrared imaging captures images of the target and the gas exiting the target's gas outlet. The BeiDou positioning module acquires the latitude, longitude, and altitude values ​​of the infrared observation instrument itself. The compass module acquires the azimuth and elevation angles of the infrared observation instrument itself.

6. The method for drawing the exhaust gas range according to claim 1, wherein step S2 includes: Step S21: Based on the infrared image, the laser positioning module performs target positioning and locks the target gas outlet to obtain the distance value from the infrared observation instrument to the target; Step S22: Based on the azimuth and elevation angles of the infrared observation instrument, as well as the distance to the target, calculate the target's azimuth, east, and north directions. Step S23: Based on the target's orientation (sky, north, and east) and the infrared observation instrument's own latitude and longitude, calculate the target's latitude and longitude. Step S24: Based on the latitude and longitude of the infrared observation instrument and the target, and the distance between the instrument and the target, calculate the relative position of the target and the infrared observation instrument in a Cartesian coordinate system.

7. The method for drawing the exhaust gas range according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The infrared observation instrument is aimed at the target; The gas outlet of the target is located by laser targeting when the infrared observation instrument is stationary; Determine whether the planar coverage area of ​​the gas emitted by the target is within the target's limit range; if it exceeds the limit range, issue an early warning.

8. The method for plotting the exhaust gas range according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The calibrator is used to calibrate the transverse diameter of the discharged gas, and the calibration is performed at least twice.

9. A system for mapping the range of exhaust gases based on infrared long-distance observation, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module M1 is used to obtain infrared images of the target and the gas emitted by the target, as well as its latitude, longitude and altitude, azimuth and pitch angles using an infrared observation instrument. The target recognition module M2 is used to locate and lock the target based on the infrared image using the laser positioning module, and calculate the target's latitude and longitude as well as the planar relative position of the target and the infrared observation instrument. The identification result display module M3 is used to display the latitude and longitude of the target and the restricted range on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument. At the same time, the relative position of the plane and the restricted range are displayed on the observation interface in the form of a semi-circular plane. The width of the exhaust gas is calibrated multiple times in multiple directions through the center point of the gas outlet using calibration calipers to obtain the polygon covered by the exhaust gas, and the planar coverage area of ​​the exhaust gas is calculated. The recognition result display module M3 includes: The target's restricted range and latitude / longitude are displayed on the target locking interface of the infrared observation instrument; When the infrared observation instrument moves or rotates, the relative position of the plane is updated and displayed on the observation interface of the infrared observation instrument. During the movement or rotation, calibration calipers are used to perform multiple calibrations in multiple directions with the target gas outlet as the center point to obtain the polygon covered by the gas, and the planar coverage area of ​​the discharged gas is calculated.

Images