A method and system for spectral monitoring of chemical combustion specific pollutant emissions

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of chemical combustion characteristic pollutant emission amount spectrum monitoring method and system.The method is: collecting chemical combustion flame infrared spectrum, based on the infrared spectrum, the average radiation flow of chemical combustion flame is obtained, and the proportion of each combustion product;Based on the average radiation flow, the heat release rate of chemical combustion is calculated;Based on the heat release rate, the proportion of each combustion product and the bond energy of each combustion product, the mass burning rate per unit area is calculated;Based on the mass burning rate per unit area, the combustion mass loss rate is obtained;According to the mass loss rate and the proportion of each combustion product, the emission amount of each pollutant is calculated.This method obtains material information by spectral remote sensing technology, and the relationship between combustion flame infrared spectrum and the burning rate of chemical is used to monitor the flame generated by chemical combustion in real time, and the emission amount of each pollutant is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of remote sensing technology, specifically to a method and system for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion. Background Technology

[0002] Combustion of chemicals not only consumes a large amount of energy, but also produces various harmful substances, such as CO2, SO2, NO2 and other polluting gases, which seriously affect the environment and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the emissions of pollutants from chemical combustion.

[0003] Traditional pollutant monitoring technologies often require sample collection and laboratory analysis to determine the type and concentration of pollutants. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to achieve real-time monitoring. Furthermore, in the event of a sudden chemical fire, traditional pollutant monitoring technologies cannot effectively and promptly monitor and provide feedback on the combustion pollutants.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can monitor the emissions of pollutants from chemical combustion in real time, remotely, non-destructively, and efficiently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Infrared spectra of chemical combustion flames are collected, and the average radiative flux q of the chemical combustion flames is obtained based on the infrared spectra. ave And the proportion of each combustion product;

[0008] Based on the average radiation flux q ave Calculate the heat release rate Q of chemical combustion;

[0009] The mass combustion rate m per unit area is calculated based on the heat release rate Q, the proportion of each combustion product, and the bond energy of each combustion product. f ;

[0010] Based on the mass flammability per unit area m f The combustion mass loss rate m is obtained. p ;

[0011] Based on the mass loss rate m p The emissions of each pollutant are calculated based on the proportion of each combustion product.

[0012] This method uses spectral remote sensing technology to obtain material information and the relationship between the infrared spectrum of combustion flames and the combustion rate of chemicals to monitor the flames generated by chemical combustion in real time, thereby obtaining the emission amount of each pollutant.

[0013] In one of the optional schemes of the method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion, the characteristic peaks corresponding to each combustion product on the infrared spectrum of the chemical combustion flame are recorded, and each characteristic peak is normalized to obtain the normalized percentage of each combustion product, that is, the proportion of each combustion product.

[0014] In the optional scheme of this method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion, the steps for calculating the heat release rate Q of chemical combustion are as follows:

[0015] Based on the average radiation flux q ave The radiated emission power E is obtained f ;

[0016] Based on the radiative emission power E f The heat release rate Q of chemical combustion is obtained.

[0017] In the optional schemes of this method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion, the heat release rate of chemical combustion is Q = E. f *A f Among them, radiated emission power τ is atmospheric transmittance, F is the viewing angle coefficient; R is the integral area, A f It is the surface area of ​​the flame.

[0018] In the optional schemes of the spectral monitoring method for characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion, the mass combustion rate per unit area is m. f The calculation steps are as follows:

[0019] The heat of combustion ΔH is obtained by adding the product of the proportion of each combustion product and the bond energy of each combustion product. c ;

[0020] The combustion heat ΔH c Substituting into the formula Q=xm f A f ΔH c In the equation, x is the correction factor, and A f Let m be the flame surface area. Solving for the mass combustion rate per unit area, we can obtain the mass combustion rate m. f .

[0021] In the optional scheme of this method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion, the flame diameter D is obtained, and the combustion mass loss rate m is calculated. p The calculation formula is:

[0022] In the optional scheme of this method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion, the distance L from the flame to the spectral detection module, the flame height H, and the flame diameter D are obtained, and the viewing angle coefficient F is calculated using the following formula: in,

[0023]

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] In the optional scheme of this method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion, the flame height H and flame diameter D are collected, and the flame surface area A is calculated. f The calculation formula is:

[0027] This invention also proposes a system for monitoring the emission of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion, comprising:

[0028] The spectral detection module is positioned above the chemical combustion flame and is used to detect the spectrum of the chemical combustion flame.

[0029] Flame height measurement module, used to detect flame height;

[0030] Flame diameter measurement module, used to detect flame diameter;

[0031] The output terminals of the spectrometer, flame height measurement module, and flame diameter measurement module are respectively connected to the control module. The control module monitors the emission of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion according to the above-mentioned spectroscopic monitoring method for emission of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion.

[0032] In the optional scheme of this chemical combustion characteristic pollutant emission monitoring system, the spectral detection module, flame height measurement module, and flame diameter measurement module are installed on a drone or carried on a satellite;

[0033] When installed on a drone, the control module is connected to the drone and controls the drone's flight altitude and direction.

[0034] When carried on a satellite, the control module communicates with the satellite to obtain the flame spectrum, flame height, and flame diameter of the chemical combustion flame.

[0035] This chemical combustion characteristic pollutant emission monitoring system can monitor combustion pollutants in a real-time, remote, non-destructive, and efficient manner.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the calculation process is simple and fast; material information is obtained through spectral remote sensing technology; the flame generated by chemical combustion is monitored in real time by constructing the relationship between the infrared spectrum of the combustion flame and the combustion rate of chemicals; the emission of each pollutant is obtained; the chemical properties and combustion process of chemicals can be understood; combustion pollutants can be monitored in real time; and combustion pollutants can be monitored in real time, remotely, locally, non-destructively, and efficiently, laying the foundation for aerospace remote sensing detection of fire pollution.

[0037] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for monitoring the emission of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion when chemicals are placed in a combustion chamber for combustion. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion, particularly suitable for real-time, remote, non-destructive, and efficient monitoring of pollutant emissions from chemical combustion. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0043] First, the infrared spectrum of the chemical combustion flame is collected, and the average radiative flux q of the chemical combustion flame is obtained based on this infrared spectrum. ave And the proportion of each combustion product.

[0044] For small-scale chemical combustion, the chemicals can be placed in a combustion chamber for combustion. For large-scale chemical combustion, the combustion should be carried out outdoors.

[0045] When chemicals are placed in a combustion chamber for combustion, an infrared spectrum acquisition of the flame can be performed by installing a spectral detection module at the top of the combustion chamber, for example, by using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer to acquire the spectral image of the combustion.

[0046] When chemicals are burned outdoors, infrared spectral images of the combustion can be collected via satellite, or a spectral detection module can be mounted on a drone for remote, high-altitude data collection.

[0047] Integrating the infrared spectrum yields the average radiative heat flux q. ave , i.e. q ave =∫Idv, where v represents the wavelength and I represents the radiance measured by the spectral detection module. This formula means that after measuring the flame radiance, the average radiative heat flux can be obtained by integrating the wavelength.

[0048] The characteristic peaks corresponding to each combustion product in the infrared spectrum of the chemical combustion flame are recorded. These peaks are then normalized to obtain the normalized percentage of each combustion product, i.e., the proportion of each combustion product. Here, the characteristic peaks corresponding to each combustion product are distinguished by their corresponding wavelengths; the pollutant with a larger proportion has a higher corresponding characteristic peak.

[0049] Then, based on the average radiation flux q ave Calculate the heat release rate Q of chemical combustion.

[0050] Specifically, based on the average radiation flux q ave The radiated emission power E is obtained f Based on this radiated emission power E f The heat release rate Q of chemical combustion is calculated using the following formula:

[0051] The heat release rate of chemical combustion, Q = E f *A f Among them, radiated emission power τ is atmospheric transmittance, F is the viewing angle coefficient, R is the integral area, dR refers to the area swept by the spectral detection module when detecting a flame, and A f It is the surface area of ​​the flame.

[0052] In calculating the viewing angle coefficient F and the flame surface area A f At this time, it is necessary to obtain the distance L from the flame to the spectral detection module, the flame height H, and the flame diameter D.

[0053] When chemicals are placed in the combustion chamber for combustion, the distance L from the flame to the spectral detection module can be directly obtained by using the difference between the installation height of the spectral detection module and the flame height. A scale is set on the combustion chamber wall to directly measure the flame height H. A combustion zone is set in the combustion chamber, and the diameter of the combustion zone is directly used as the flame diameter D.

[0054] When chemicals are burned outdoors, the satellite altitude is used directly as the distance L from the flame to the spectral detection module, and the satellite directly collects the flame height H and flame diameter D.

[0055] The formula for calculating the viewing angle coefficient F is: in,

[0056]

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Flame surface area A f The calculation formula is

[0060] Then, based on the heat release rate Q, the proportion of each combustion product, and the bond energy of each combustion product, the mass combustion rate m per unit area is calculated. f The specific steps are as follows:

[0061] The heat of combustion ΔH is obtained by adding the product of the proportion of each combustion product and the bond energy of each combustion product. c Then the heat of combustion ΔH c Substituting into the formula Q=xm f A f ΔH c In the equation, x is the correction factor, and A f This represents the surface area of ​​the flame.

[0062] In this embodiment, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and hydrogen are mainly monitored. Therefore, the proportions of combustion products sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and water, as well as the bond energies of sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and water, are mainly considered. The resulting heat release rate Q = xm f A f (c'×34091+s'×15406+n'×20260.8+h'×17953.2), where c', s', n', and h' are the proportions of sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and water in the flame. Since the heat release rate Q has already been obtained through the above steps, the mass combustion rate m per unit area can be calculated. f .

[0063] Based on the mass combustion rate m per unit area fThe combustion mass loss rate m is obtained. p Combustion mass loss rate m p The calculation formula is

[0064] Based on the mass loss rate m p The emissions of each pollutant, m, are calculated based on the proportion of each combustion product. p ×s' represents the sulfur dioxide emissions, m p ×n' represents the nitrogen dioxide emissions, m p ×c' represents the carbon dioxide emissions, m p ×h' represents the amount of water discharged.

[0065] This invention also provides a device for monitoring the emissions of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion, characterized by comprising: a spectral detection module disposed above a chemical combustion flame for detecting the flame spectrum; a flame height measurement module for detecting the flame height; a flame diameter measurement module for detecting the flame diameter; and a control module. The outputs of the spectral detector, the flame height measurement module, and the flame diameter measurement module are respectively connected to the control module, which monitors the emissions of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion according to the aforementioned spectral monitoring method for chemical combustion emissions.

[0066] When chemicals are placed in a combustion chamber for combustion, such as Figure 1 As shown, the spectral detection module is located on the upper part of the combustion chamber 1. Specifically, a steel guide rail 4 can be installed on the upper part of the combustion chamber 1, and multiple spectral detection modules 3 with different field of view angles, such as portable Fourier transform infrared spectrometers, can be installed on the steel guide rail 4 to monitor the flame spectrum of the flame 5 and transmit it to the control module 7 via wireless communication. A scale 6 is installed inside the combustion chamber 1 to directly measure the height of the flame 5. A combustion zone 8 is set inside the combustion chamber 1, and the diameter of the combustion zone 8 is directly used as the diameter of the flame 5 and manually input into the control module 7. The control module 7 then monitors the emissions of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion according to the aforementioned spectral monitoring method for characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion.

[0067] The steel guide rail 4 may include an annular guide rail and a straight guide rail along the diameter of the annular guide rail. A slider that can slide along the guide rail is provided on the steel guide rail 4. The spectral detection module 3 is set on the slider. The slider is driven by a drive motor, which is connected to a control module 7. The control module 7 controls the drive motor to move the spectral detection module 3 freely along the steel guide rail 4 to meet different monitoring needs and achieve flexible and extensive monitoring. This not only reduces interference to the central area, but also provides a comprehensive view at any time. A maintenance ladder 2 can also be provided to facilitate the maintenance of the spectral detection module 3 and the steel guide rail 4. An exhaust port 9 is also required above the combustion chamber 1 to facilitate the complete combustion of chemicals.

[0068] When chemicals are burned outdoors, infrared spectral images of the combustion are acquired via satellite. At this time, a spectral detection module, a flame height measurement module, and a flame diameter measurement module are mounted on the satellite. The control module communicates with the satellite to obtain the flame spectrum, flame height, and flame diameter of the chemical combustion. The control module then monitors the emissions of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion using the aforementioned spectral monitoring method for characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion.

[0069] When chemical combustion occurs outdoors, the spectral detection module, flame height measurement module, and flame diameter measurement module can be installed on the drone. The control module is connected to the drone to control its flight altitude and direction to meet different monitoring needs and achieve flexible and extensive monitoring. The control module then monitors the emission of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion according to the aforementioned spectral monitoring method for characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion.

[0070] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0071] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Infrared spectra of chemical combustion flames are collected, and the average radiative flux q of the chemical combustion flames is obtained based on the infrared spectra. ave And the proportion of each combustion product; Based on the average radiation flux q ave The calculation steps for the heat release rate Q of chemical combustion are as follows: Based on the average radiation flux q ave The radiated emission power E is obtained f ; Based on the radiative emission power E f The heat release rate Q of chemical combustion is obtained: Q=E f *A f , Among them, radiated emission power ; It is atmospheric transmittance, F is the viewing angle coefficient; R is the integral area, A f It refers to the flame surface area; the viewing angle coefficient. , , ， L is the distance from the flame to the spectral detection module, H is the flame height, and D is the flame diameter; The mass combustion rate m per unit area is calculated based on the heat release rate Q, the proportion of each combustion product, and the bond energy of each combustion product. f The calculation steps are as follows: The heat of combustion is obtained by adding the product of the proportion of each combustion product and the bond energy of each combustion product. ; The heat of combustion Substitute into the formula In the equation, x is the correction factor, and A f Let m be the flame surface area. Solving for the mass combustion rate per unit area, we can obtain the mass combustion rate m. f ; Based on the mass flammability per unit area m f The combustion mass loss rate m is obtained. p The calculation formula is: ; Based on the mass loss rate m p The product of the proportions of each combustion product and the amount of each pollutant emitted is the emission amount.

2. The method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, Record the characteristic peaks corresponding to each combustion product on the infrared spectrum of the chemical combustion flame, normalize each characteristic peak, and obtain the normalized percentage of each combustion product, that is, the proportion of each combustion product.

3. The method for spectral monitoring of characteristic pollutant emissions from chemical combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, Collect the flame height H and flame diameter D, and calculate the flame surface area A. f The calculation formula is: .

4. A system for monitoring the emission of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion, characterized in that, include: The spectral detection module is positioned above the chemical combustion flame and is used to detect the spectrum of the chemical combustion flame. Flame height measurement module, used to detect flame height; Flame diameter measurement module, used to detect flame diameter; The output terminals of the spectral detection module, the flame height measurement module, and the flame diameter measurement module are respectively connected to the control module, and the control module monitors the emission of characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion according to the spectral monitoring method for characteristic pollutants from chemical combustion according to any one of claims 1-3.

5. The chemical combustion characteristic pollutant emission monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spectral detection module, flame height measurement module, and flame diameter measurement module are mounted on the UAV or carried on a satellite. When installed on a drone, the control module is connected to the drone and controls the drone's flight altitude and direction. When carried on a satellite, the control module communicates with the satellite to obtain the flame spectrum, flame height, and flame diameter of the chemical combustion flame.

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