A truss system for offshore platforms and methods of using the same

Abstract

The truss system can include a plurality of beams. Each beam of the plurality of beams can have various cross-sectional dimensions in the same plane. Further, the plurality of beams can have a geometric arrangement such that the structural weight at a required strength level can be lightened to achieve an optimal design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to truss systems for offshore platforms. More specifically, the embodiments disclosed herein relate to the geometric arrangement of truss systems to optimally distribute structural material, thereby achieving a balance between structural weight and structural strength. Background Technology

[0002] In oilfield operations, offshore vessels, such as platform supply vessels (PSVs), offshore barges, anchor handling vessels, construction support vessels (CSVs), drilling vessels, well workover vessels, icebreakers, crane vessels, cable-laying vessels, seismic survey vessels, and fireboats, are typically used for a variety of tasks, including but not limited to hydrocarbon exploration, hydrocarbon drilling and production, hydrocarbon storage and transportation, safety platforms, and heavy-duty cranes.

[0003] Offshore vessels typically have a top structure to bear equipment payloads and environmental loads. Additionally, stabilizing columns, such as pencil columns or rocket columns, can be attached to the vessel to stabilize it in the water. The top structure can be a truss system that forms the deck. To maximize payload, it is necessary to reduce the structural weight of the truss system while simultaneously meeting the structural strength standards required by harsh environments. In marine environments, the effective distribution of structural materials to meet weight and strength requirements is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This summary is provided to introduce selected concepts, which are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to help limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0005] On one hand, the embodiments disclosed herein relate to truss systems. A truss system may include multiple beams. Each of the multiple beams may have various cross-sectional dimensions in the same plane. Furthermore, the multiple beams may have a geometric arrangement that allows for reduction of structural weight at the desired strength level, achieving optimal design.

[0006] On the other hand, the embodiments disclosed herein relate to the lower deck of a top truss system for offshore vessels. The lower deck may include multiple beams distributed into four quadrants. The multiple beams may extend in a direction parallel to the X-axis in a plane parallel to the lower deck, in a direction parallel to the Y-axis in the plane, and in directions forming acute or obtuse angles with the X-axis and Y-axis. Each quadrant includes a first group of beams having a constant or varying cross-section, a second group of beams having a constant or varying cross-section, a third group of beams having a constant or varying cross-section, and a fourth group of beams having a constant or varying cross-section.

[0007] On another front, the embodiments disclosed herein relate to marine vessels. A marine vessel includes a base with one or more support columns on which support members are disposed, and a deck formed by a top truss system supported by one or more support column members. The top truss system includes an upper deck, a lower deck, and tubular members interconnecting the upper and lower decks. The lower deck may have one or more quadrants, each quadrant having a first set of beams with a constant or varying cross-section, a second set of beams with a constant or varying cross-section, a third set of beams with a constant or varying cross-section, and a fourth set of beams with a constant or varying cross-section. Furthermore, corresponding corner beam members of the top truss system are attached to the top of one or more support columns.

[0008] Other aspects and advantages of this disclosure will be apparent from the following description and the appended claims. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 A side view of a marine vessel in a typical marine environment according to one or more embodiments of the present invention is shown.

[0010] Figure 2A The invention illustrates one or more embodiments. Figure 1 The image shown is a three-dimensional view of a ship at sea.

[0011] Figure 2B The invention illustrates one or more embodiments. Figure 2A A top-down view of a ship at sea.

[0012] Figure 2C-2H Various top views of a support column according to one or more embodiments of the present invention are shown.

[0013] Figure 3 The invention illustrates one or more embodiments. Figure 2A A three-dimensional view of the truss system.

[0014] Figure 4 and Figure 5 A top view of a truss system according to one or more embodiments of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. For consistency, similar elements in the figures may be denoted by the same reference numerals. Furthermore, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description of embodiments of the present disclosure in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments disclosed herein may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail to avoid unnecessarily complicating the description.

[0016] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that when describing a first element disposed on a second element, it should be understood that the disposal can be either directly disposed on the second element or indirectly disposed on the second element. For example, the first element can be directly disposed on the second element, for example by bringing the first and second elements into direct contact with each other, or the first element can be indirectly disposed on the second element, for example by disposing a third element and / or additional elements between the first and second elements. As used herein, the terms “attached” or “coupled” or “coupled to” or “connected” or “connected to” can indicate the establishment of a direct or indirect connection and are not limited to any one of them unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, the embodiments disclosed herein are described with reference to floating vessels using terminology used to name marine vessels; however, any terminology used to name marine structures (i.e., any platform or semi-submersible platform) should not be considered as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Wherever possible, similar or identical reference numerals are used in the drawings to identify common or identical elements. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and for clarity, certain features and views in the drawings may be shown enlarged to scale.

[0017] On one hand, the embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to a truss system for the top structure of an offshore vessel. The truss system can be formed by multiple interconnected beams. More specifically, the geometry of the beams can be arranged to optimize the structural weight and structural strength of the truss system. In one or more embodiments, the truss system can be mounted on columns of an offshore vessel. In other embodiments, the truss system can be designed for use with onshore structures, such as oil derricks. Furthermore, the truss system can be designed for use in any marine or onshore environment without departing from the scope of this disclosure. It should also be understood that the various embodiments described herein can be used in various stages of offshore oil and gas operations, such as well site preparation, drilling, completion, and decommissioning, as well as in other environments, such as workover rigs, hydraulic fracturing installations, well testing installations, and oil and gas production installations, without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The embodiments are described merely as examples of useful applications and are not limited to any specific details of the embodiments described herein.

[0018] See Figure 1This diagram shows a side view of an offshore vessel 113 in a typical marine environment. For example, the offshore vessel 113 could be a semi-submersible platform structure used for oil and gas operations. A deck 101 lies above the water surface 111. The deck 101 is typically used for drilling, production, or other operations, and therefore operating equipment, personnel, and operating devices can be housed there. Typical design load conditions for the offshore vessel 113 due to ocean wave loads, platform motion, and freeboard loads can be vertical bending moment, lateral shear, prying compression, pitch connection moment, and lateral acceleration. The deck 101 is formed by a top truss system 100. The top truss system 100 includes two or more deck layers (100A, 100B). For example, the upper deck 100B is interconnected to the lower deck 100A via tubular members 100C.

[0019] In one or more embodiments, the top truss system 100 may be supported by one or more support columns. As shown in this example, the top truss system 100 is positioned on support columns 106A and 106B, thus protecting it from any large waves at the water surface 111. Support columns 106A and 106B are used to support the top truss system 100, but may also be used for storage. Furthermore, support columns 106A and 106B may be ballasted. A base, such as a float base 105, on which support columns 106A and 106B are mounted. The float base 105 may be generally rectangular in shape when viewed from a side view, a plan view, or both. In some embodiments, the top truss system 100, one or more support columns, and the float base 105 may be an integral system forming an offshore vessel 113.

[0020] The vessel 113 obtains buoyancy from ballast pontoons or ballast bollards. Thus, the ballast structure (ballast pontoons or ballast bollards, or both) can be filled with water or any other ballast material (ballast) or can release water or any other ballast material (deballast) to stabilize the vessel 113. As shown, the semi-submersible platform 113 is anchored to the seabed 109 by anchor lines 107A and 107B. Anchor lines 107A and 107B can be lines, chains, or any other anchoring device known in the art, which holds the semi-submersible platform in place relative to the seabed 109. Furthermore, the anchor lines may not be limited to just two lines as shown in this example. The vessel 113 can be anchored by any number of anchor lines.

[0021] In some embodiments, for use in shallow marine environments, the vessel 113 can be adapted to be mounted on the seabed 109 without the use of anchor lines 107A and 107B. In this case, the pontoon base 105 can be mounted on the seabed 109 and can be adhered to the seabed 109 using an adhesion unit (not shown) to adhere the pontoon base 105 to the seabed 109 and ultimately adhere the vessel 113 to the seabed 109.

[0022] refer to Figure 2A The image shows a perspective view of a marine vessel 113. The marine vessel 113 may include four support columns 106A-106D extending upwards from a pontoon base 105. For each of the four support columns 106A-106D, a top truss system 100 is mounted on the four support columns 106A-106D via a corresponding corner beam member 108 of the top truss system 100. For example, a tubular member of the corresponding corner beam member 108 may be attached to the top of the four support columns 106A-106D. The corresponding corner beam member 108 may be made of a tubular member similar to the tubular member 100C that interconnects the upper deck 100B and the lower deck 100A. In some embodiments, the corresponding corner beam end 100AB of the lower deck 100A is also attached to the top of the four support columns 106A-106D at a distance from the corresponding corner beam member 108.

[0023] In one or more embodiments, support columns 106A-106D and float base 105 constitute the hull of the marine vessel 113. Figure 1 As shown, support columns 106A-106D are disposed on the pontoon base 105. Furthermore, in this case, the pontoon base 105 can be generally rectangular, triangular, and / or polygonal in shape, and the support columns 106A-106D can be disposed near the corners of the pontoon base 105 or at any location along the pontoon base 105. Those skilled in the art will know and understand that the location of the support columns 106A-106D is not limited to the corners of the pontoon base 105, as the support columns 106A-106D can be arranged relative to the pontoon base 105 in any other configuration. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will know and understand that the number of support columns is not limited to the four support columns 106A-106D shown, as any number of support columns is possible. A non-limiting example of a marine vessel 113 can be described in U.S. Patent No. 9,145,190, the entire teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference. It is also contemplated that the marine vessel 113 disclosed herein can be any semi-submersible platform in the art.

[0024] Still referencing Figure 2A In one or more embodiments, each of the support columns 106A-106D includes a line 114 to illustrate a vertical position along the support column 106A-106D, wherein the side of the support column 106A-106D crosses a rounded edge and may gradually transition to cross a square edge. Furthermore, region 115 represents a transition region of the support column 106A-106D, where the rounded corners may gradually transition to right angles. In this example, the transition region extends along a portion of the support column 106A-106D and terminates at the connection between the column 106A-106D and the float base 105.

[0025] Turning Figure 2B This shows a top view of the ship 113 at sea. (For example...) Figure 2B As shown, the shape of the float base 105 can be generally rectangular, triangular, and / or polygonal. Furthermore, one or more corners 209 of the float base 105 can be chamfered angles (as shown). Alternatively, the float base 105 can have one or more right angles, one or more rounded corners, or any combination or alternative thereof (not shown). Furthermore, and similarly, the interior 211 of the float base 105 can have one or more chamfered angles 213, which may or may not correspond to the interior chamfered angles 209. Alternatively, the interior 211 of the float base 105 can have one or more right angles, one or more rounded corners, or any combination or alternative thereof (not shown).

[0026] In one or more embodiments, the cross-section 215 of the support columns 106A-106D may have five sides. As shown, one or more corners 217A, 217B, and 217C of the support columns 106A-106D may be square. Furthermore, one or more edges 219A, 219B, and 219C of the support columns 106A-106D may be rounded, as shown. In this particular example, one or more edges 219A, 219B, and 219C of the support columns 106A-106D are rounded at one vertical end of the support column and square at opposite ends of the support columns 106A-106D. Additionally, one or more sides 221A, 221B, 221C, 221D, and 221E corresponding to the cross-section 223 each represent a side of the support column. Alternatively, corners or edges may be beveled, rounded, square, or any combination or alternative thereof.

[0027] Still referencing Figure 2B The top truss system 100 is shown in outline. This is merely an example to better illustrate how the top truss system 100 is supported by support columns 106A-106D on the pontoon base 105. Figure 2B As shown, the corner beam members 108 of the top truss system 100 are supported on the support columns 106A-106D.

[0028] refer to Figure 2C-2H The illustration shows a top view of one of the supporting columns. Figure 2CIn this configuration, one or more sides 303A, 303B, 303C, 303D of the support column 301 can be arranged relative to each other, as shown. Specifically, the first side 303A can be arranged at a first angle relative to the second side 303B. The second side can be arranged at a second angle relative to the third side 303C. The third side 303C can be arranged at a third angle relative to the fourth side 303D. In this example, the first and second angles can be substantially right angles. Furthermore, the third angle can be substantially obtuse. As shown, an example obtuse angle can be substantially 135 degrees. However, an obtuse angle can be any angle between 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees. Furthermore, an obtuse angle can be any angle between 91 and 179 degrees, 100 and 170 degrees, 110 and 160 degrees, 120 and 150 degrees, or 130 and 140 degrees. The fourth side 303D can be arranged at a fourth angle relative to the fifth side 303E. The fifth side 303E may be positioned at a fifth angle relative to the first side 303A. In this example, the fourth angle may be substantially obtuse, and the fifth angle may be substantially right. In this example, one or more sides 303A, 303B, 303C, 303D of the support column 301 may be connected with rounded corners. Alternatively, one or more sides 303A, 303B, 303C, 303D of the support column 301 may be connected with chamfered angles, right angles, or any other alternatives thereof. However, those skilled in the art will recognize and understand that the angles and corresponding sides of the support column are not limited to the arrangements described above.

[0029] exist Figure 2D In this configuration, one or more sides 403A, 403B, and 403C may extend outward along at least a portion of the support post 401. As shown, the outward extension or “spread” may be provided at the base of the support post 401 for additional support. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the extension may also be inward (not shown).

[0030] exist Figure 2E In this example, one or more sides 503A, 503B, and 503C may extend outward (or inward) from one end of the support post 501 to the other. In this example, a portion of the length of the support post 501 does not have a similar feature to... Figure 2D The tapered position. Specifically, the extension spans the entire length of the support column 501. Accordingly, the tapered position can be at either end or both ends of the support column, and the extension can extend along the entire support column 501. Furthermore, in this example, side 503B may not be extended. Therefore, the extension can occur on any number of sides, or it may not occur at all.

[0031] exist Figure 2FIn this configuration, one or more sides 603A, 603B, and 603C of the support column 601 may extend at the base. In this example, side 603B also extends. Those skilled in the art will recognize and understand that the tapered position can be located anywhere along the length of the support column 601.

[0032] exist Figure 2G In this configuration, one or more sides 703A, 703B, and 703C of the support column 701 can be deployed from the base. In this example, similar to the configuration described above... Figure 2F The tapered position described herein does not exist at any point along the length of the support column 701. Specifically, the extension spans the entire length of the support column 701. Accordingly, the tapered position can be at either end or both ends of the support column, and the extension can extend along the entire support column 701. Furthermore, in this example, the side 703B may or may not be extended. Therefore, extension can occur on any number of sides, or it may not occur at all.

[0033] exist Figure 2H In this configuration, the support column 801 has one or more obliquely shaped sides 803A and 803B. The obliquely shaped sides 803A and 803B of the support column 801 may not be limited to being inside or outside the pontoon structure. Furthermore, as... Figure 2H As shown, the cross-section of the support column 801 may include one or more edges 805A, 805B, 805C, 805D, 805E, and 805F corresponding to one or more sides of the support column 801. Edges 805A, 805B, 805C, 805D, 805E, and 805F may be as follows: Figure 2HThe arrangement is shown. Specifically, the first edge 805A can be set at a first angle relative to edge 805B. Edge 805B can be set at a second angle relative to edge 805C. Edge 805C can be set at a third angle relative to edge 805D. Edge 805D can be set at a fourth angle relative to edge 805E. Edge 805E can be set at a fifth angle relative to edge 805F. Edge 805F can be set at a sixth angle relative to edge 805A. Furthermore, edges 805C and 805F can be beveled and can correspond to the beveled sides 803A and 803B of the support column 801. In this example, the second and fifth angles can be substantially right angles, and the first, third, fourth, and sixth angles can be substantially obtuse angles. As shown, an example obtuse angle can be substantially 135 degrees. However, an obtuse angle can be any angle between greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees. Furthermore, the obtuse angle can be any angle between 91 and 179 degrees, 100 and 170 degrees, 110 and 160 degrees, 120 and 150 degrees, or 130 and 140 degrees. Those skilled in the art will know and understand that a hexagonal prism may include or exclude any or all of the features disclosed herein with respect to any embodiment of a polygonal prism as described above. For example, in one or more embodiments, a hexagonal prism may include one or more of the following: one or more transition regions, one or more tapered positions, and expansion. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, a hexagonal prism may include one or more of the following: rounded edges or corners, square edges or corners, and beveled edges or corners. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the above features are provided by way of example, and the embodiments herein should not be limited to the above features.

[0034] Now for reference Figure 3 The image shows a perspective view of the top truss system 100. The upper deck 100B of the top truss system 100 directly supports equipment used for drilling, production, or other operations, allowing operating equipment, personnel, and control devices to be housed thereon. To support the equipment, the upper deck 100B may be formed by multiple beams (e.g., I-beams) on which the equipment is mounted. The outer perimeter may be generally square, rectangular, and / or polygonal. The upper deck 100B includes a first set of beams 110 and a second set of beams 112. The first set of beams 110 forms the main truss row. The second set of beams 112 may be oriented horizontally or laterally.

[0035] In one or more embodiments, tubular member 100C separates upper deck 100B from lower deck 100A by a certain distance. Tubular member 100C may be angled to support upper deck 100B on lower deck 100A. Furthermore, corner beam member 108 connects top truss system 100 to support columns (see...). Figure 2A-2H(See 106A-106D in the original text). In some embodiments, the lower deck 100A does not traverse the corner beam members 108. Furthermore, the lower deck 100A may include two corresponding corner beam ends 100AB for each corner beam member 108. Each corner beam end 100AB is also attached to the top of four support columns (see 106A-106D in the original text). Figure 2A-2H (106A-106D in the middle), which are a certain distance away from each corner beam component 108.

[0036] In one or more embodiments, during the conceptual design phase of the lower deck 100A, the primary load case can be a simplified environmental load combined with the mass inertial loads on the lower deck 100A and the upper deck 100B. The upper deck 100B and the lower deck 100A can be optimized to determine the various shapes of voids and material distributions within the decks, thereby addressing the primary load case.

[0037] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The lower deck 100A can be constructed from multiple beams (101a-104l) arranged in plane P. Plane P can be the plane in which the lower deck 100A is laid. For example, plane P can be substantially parallel to the pontoon base (see...). Figure 1-2B (105 in the text). Multiple beams (101a-104l) can be used in structural support operations. Those skilled in the art will understand how the lower deck 100A can achieve increased performance, reduced non-productive time (NPT), and improved equipment life and maintenance.

[0038] In one or more embodiments, the multiple beams (101a-104l) of the lower deck 100A may include a first group of beams (101a-101d), a second group of beams (102a-102i), a third group of beams (103a-103m), and a fourth group of beams (104a-104l). Each group may have the same cross-section or different cross-sections. It should be understood that beams of different sizes, numbers, and / or types may be used depending on the size, shape, and construction (and purpose) of the vessel. Furthermore, the first group of beams (101a-101d), the second group of beams (102a-102i), the third group of beams (103a-103m), and the fourth group of beams (104a-104l) may be connected together at their ends, midpoints, or along any length of the beams (101a-104l). For example, the connection point between two beams may be end-to-end and / or end of one beam to midpoint of another. Further, a beam may be connected to two beams at their respective midpoints. Furthermore, it is conceivable that a beam can be connected to two beams at a corresponding midpoint of one beam and to the end of another beam. Those skilled in the art will understand how the connection points can be adjusted to meet the load requirements on multiple beams (101a-104l).

[0039] exist Figure 4 In this structure, multiple beams (101a-104d) can have a first geometry to optimally distribute structural materials, thereby achieving a balance between structural weight and structural strength. The first group of beams (101a-101d) can be arranged with beams extending parallel to the X-axis (X) in plane P, beams extending parallel to the Y-axis (Y) in plane P, and beams forming acute or obtuse angles with axes X and Y. The second group of beams (102a-102i) can be arranged with beams extending parallel to the X-axis (X) in plane P, beams extending parallel to the Y-axis (Y) in plane P, and beams forming acute or obtuse angles with axes X and Y. The third group of beams (103a-103m) can be arranged with beams extending parallel to the X-axis (X) in plane P, beams extending parallel to the Y-axis (Y) in plane P, and beams forming acute or obtuse angles with axes X and Y. The fourth group of beams (104a-104d) can be arranged as beams extending parallel to the X-axis in plane P and beams extending parallel to the Y-axis in plane P.

[0040] In one or more embodiments, Figure 4 The construction of the lower deck 100A may include one or more quadrants of similar design. For example, the lower deck 100A may have four quadrants represented by dashed boxes 500A-500D. The lower deck 100A may also be symmetrical about a line of symmetry extending diagonally from corner to corner. For example, each quadrant 500A-500D includes the same number of beams from the first group of beams (101a-101d), the second group of beams (102a-102i), the third group of beams (103a-103m), and the fourth group of beams (104a-104d) of the same geometry. Specifically, each quadrant 500A-500D has four beams from the first group of beams (101a-101d), nine beams from the second group of beams (102a-102i), thirteen beams from the third group of beams (103a-103m), and four beams from the fourth group of beams (104a-104d). Further, it is envisioned that quadrants 500A-500D are symmetrical about the longitudinal axis Lo and the latitudinal axis La. Alternatively, the lower deck 100A may be asymmetrical in some localized areas.

[0041] In each quadrant 500A-500D, starting from corner beam member 108, the geometry of the four beams in the first group of beams (101a-101d) is such that the first beam 101a extends along the X-axis, the second beam 101b forms an acute angle with the first beam 101a, the third beam 101c extends along the Y-axis, and the fourth beam 101d forms an acute angle with the third beam 101c. From the first beam 101a extending along the X-axis in the first group of beams, the two beams 102a-102b of the second group of beams (102a-102i) further extend along the X-axis, and the four beams 103a-103d of the third group of beams (103a-103m) further extend along the Y-axis. The third beam 101c, extending along the Y-axis from the first group of beams (101a-101d), and the two beams 102c-102d of the second group of beams (102a-102i), further extending along the Y-axis, and the four beams 103e-103h of the third group of beams (103a-103m), further extending along the X-axis. Beam 102e of the second group of beams (102a-102i), extending perpendicularly to the distal end of the fourth beam 101d, which forms an acute angle with the third beam 101c, also extends from the distal end of the second beam 101b, which forms an acute angle with the first beam 101a. Furthermore, from each distal end of the second beam 101b and the fourth beam 101d, beams 102f-102g from the second group of beams (102a-102i) and beams 103i-103j from the third group of beams (103a-103m) at the distal ends of beams 102f-102g extend further in an angled direction. Additionally, beam 103k from the third group of beams (103a-103m) extends perpendicularly at the distal end of beam 102e along the direction from beam 103i to beam 103j.

[0042] In some embodiments, each quadrant 500A-500D shares a first group of beams 104a from the fourth group of beams (104a-104d), beams 103l from the third group of beams (103a-103m), beams 102h from the second group of beams (102a-102i), and beams 104b from the fourth group of beams 104, which extend in a line along the Y-axis, and a second group of beams 104c from the fourth group of beams (104a-104d), beams 103m from the third group of beams (103a-103m), beams 102i from the second group of beams (102a-102i), and beams 104d from the fourth group of beams (104a-104d), which extend in a line along the X-axis.

[0043] exist Figure 5In this design, multiple beams (101a-104l) can have a second geometry to optimally distribute structural materials, thereby achieving a balance between structural weight and structural strength. The first group of beams (101a-101d) can be arranged with beams extending parallel to the X-axis (X) in plane P, beams extending parallel to the Y-axis (Y) in plane P, and beams forming acute or obtuse angles with axes X and Y. The second group of beams (102a-102h) can be arranged with beams extending parallel to the X-axis (X) in plane P, beams extending parallel to the Y-axis (Y) in plane P, and beams forming acute or obtuse angles with axes X and Y. The third group of beams (103a-103g) can be arranged with beams extending parallel to the X-axis (X) in plane P, beams extending parallel to the Y-axis (Y) in plane P, and beams forming acute or obtuse angles with axes X and Y. The fourth group of beams (104a-104l) can be arranged as beams extending parallel to the X-axis in plane P and beams extending parallel to the Y-axis in plane P.

[0044] In one or more embodiments, Figure 5 The construction of the lower deck 100A may include four symmetrical quadrants, as indicated by dashed boxes 600A-600D. For example, each quadrant 600A-600D includes the same number of beams from the first group of beams (101a-101d), the second group of beams (102a-102h), the third group of beams (103a-103g), and the fourth group of beams (104a-104l) of the same geometry. Specifically, each quadrant 600A-600D has four beams from the first group of beams (101a-101d), eight beams from the second group of beams (102a-102h), seven beams from the third group of beams (103a-103g), and twelve beams from the fourth group of beams (104a-104l). It is further envisioned that quadrants 600A-600D are symmetrical about the longitudinal axis Lo and the latitudinal axis La. Alternatively, the lower deck 100A may be asymmetrical in some localized areas.

[0045] In each quadrant 600A-600D, starting from the corner beam member 108, the geometry of the four beams in the first group of beams (101a-101d) is as follows: the first beam 101a extends along the X-axis X, the second beam 101b forms an acute angle with the first beam 101a, the third beam 101c extends along the Y-axis Y, and the fourth beam 101d forms an acute angle with the third beam 101c. Starting with the first beam 101a of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extending along the X-axis, beam 103a of the third group of beams (103a-103g) and beam 102a of the second group of beams (102a-102h) further extend along the X-axis, and beam 104a of the fourth group of beams (104a-104l), beam 103b of the third group of beams (103a-103g), beam 102b of the second group of beams (102a-102h), and beam 104b of the fourth group of beams (104a-104l) further extend along the Y-axis. Starting with the third beam 101c of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extending along the Y-axis, beam 103c of the third group of beams (103a-103g) and beam 102c of the second group of beams (102a-102h) further extend along the Y-axis, and beam 104c of the fourth group of beams (104a-104l), beam 103d of the third group of beams (103a-103g), beam 102d of the second group of beams (102a-102h), and beam 104d of the fourth group of beams (104a-104l) further extend along the X-axis. From the distal end of the second beam 101b forming an acute angle with the first beam 101a, beam 103e of the third group of beams (103a-103g) extends perpendicularly to the distal end of the fourth beam 101d forming an acute angle with the third beam 101c. Furthermore, from each distal end of the second beam 101b and the fourth beam 101d, beams 102e-102h from the second group of beams (102a-102h) extend in a direction angled to the second beam 101b and the fourth beam 101d. Additionally, beams 103f-103g from the third group of beams (103a-103g) extend from beam 102f to beam 102h, parallel to beam 103e.

[0046] In some embodiments, each quadrant 600A-600D shares a first group of four beams 104e-104h extending in a line along the Y-axis from the fourth group of beams (104a-104l), and a second group of four beams 104i-104l extending in a line along the X-axis from the fourth group of beams (104a-104l).

[0047] based on Figure 5As shown in the geometry of Figure 6, in one or more embodiments, the various devices used in the lower deck 100A can be connected at any point along the first set of beams (101a-101d), the second set of beams (102a-102h), the third set of beams (103a-103g), and the fourth set of beams (104a-104l). These devices can be any equipment used for oil and gas operations.

[0048] In addition to the benefits mentioned above, an optimized lower deck configuration can improve the overall efficiency and performance of offshore vessels while reducing costs, minimizing product engineering, reducing assembly time, lowering hardware costs, reducing weight and volume, and offering many other advantages. Furthermore, an optimized lower deck configuration can provide additional advantages such as reduced structural weight of the lower deck while maintaining or improving operational utilization, increasing equipment lifespan and maintenance, and enhancing on-site safety. Note that an optimized lower deck configuration can be used for any onshore and offshore oil and gas operations.

[0049] While this disclosure has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand, with the benefit of this disclosure, that other embodiments can be designed without departing from the scope of this disclosure as set forth herein. Accordingly, the scope of this disclosure should be defined only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A lower deck for a top truss system on a marine vessel, the lower deck (100A) comprising: Multiple beams distributed in four quadrants, wherein the beams extend in a direction parallel to the X-axis in a plane parallel to the lower deck (100A), in a direction parallel to the Y-axis in a plane, and in directions forming acute or obtuse angles with the X-axis and Y-axis, each quadrant comprising: The first group of beams (101a-101d) with constant or variable cross sections. The second group of beams (102a-102i) has a constant or variable cross-section. The third group of beams (103a-103m) with constant or varying cross-sections; and The fourth group of beams (104a-104d) has a constant or variable cross section. in From the angles of the corresponding quadrants, the first beam (101a) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extends along the X-axis, the second beam (101b) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) forms an acute angle with the first beam (101a), the third beam (101c) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extends along the Y-axis, and the fourth beam (101d) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) forms an acute angle with the third beam (101c). Starting with the first beam (101a) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extending along the X-axis, the two beams (102a, 102b) of the second group of beams (102a-102i) extend further along the X-axis, and the four beams (103a, 103b, 103c, 103d) of the third group of beams (103a-103m) extend further along the Y-axis. Starting with the third beam (101c) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extending along the Y-axis, the two beams (102c, 102d) of the second group of beams (102a-102i) extend further along the Y-axis, and the four beams (103e, 103f, 103g, 103h) of the third group of beams (103a-103m) extend further along the X-axis. From the distal end of the second beam (101b) which forms an acute angle with the first beam (101a), the beam (102e) of the second set of beams (102a-102i) extends perpendicularly to the distal end of the fourth beam (101d) which forms an acute angle with the third beam (101c). From each of the distal ends of the second beam (101b) and the fourth beam (101d), beams (102f, 102g) from the second group of beams (102a-102i) and beams (103i, 103j) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) extend further in an angled direction, with beams (103i, 103j) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) located at the distal ends of beams (102f, 102g) from the second group of beams (102a-102i). The beam (103k) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) extends in the direction from the beam (103i) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) to the beam (103j) from the third group of beams (103a-103m). The beam (103k) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) is perpendicular to the beam (103i) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) and the beam (103j) from the third group of beams (103a-103m).

2. The lower deck according to claim 1, wherein the four quadrants are symmetrical about the longitudinal axis (Lo) and the latitudinal axis (La) of the lower deck.

3. The lower deck according to claim 1, wherein each quadrant further comprises: At least four beams from the first group of beams (101a-101d), At least nine beams from the second group of beams (102a-102i), At least thirteen beams from the third group of beams (103a-103m), and At least four beams from the fourth group of beams (104a-104d).

4. The lower deck according to claim 1, wherein each quadrant comprises beams (104a) from the fourth group of beams (104a-104d), beams (103l) from the third group of beams (103a-103m), beams (102h) from the second group of beams (102a-102i), and beams (104b) from the fourth group of beams (104a-104d) that extend in a line along the Y-axis, and beams (104c) from the fourth group of beams (104a-104d), beams (103m) from the third group of beams (103a-103m), beams (102i) from the second group of beams (102a-102i), and beams (104d) from the fourth group of beams (104a-104d) that extend in a line along the X-axis.

5. The lower deck of claim 1, wherein each quadrant further comprises: At least four beams from the first group of beams (101a-101d), At least eight beams from the second group of beams (102a-102h), At least seven beams from the third group of beams (103a-103g), and At least twelve beams from the fourth group of beams (104a-104l).

6. A lower deck for a top truss system of a marine vessel, the lower deck (100A) comprising: Multiple beams distributed in four quadrants, wherein the beams extend in a direction parallel to the X-axis in a plane parallel to the lower deck, extend in a direction parallel to the Y-axis in a plane, and extend in directions forming acute or obtuse angles with the X-axis and Y-axis, each quadrant comprising: The first group of beams (101a-101d) with constant or variable cross sections. The second group of beams (102a-102h) has a constant or variable cross-section. The third group of beams (103a-103g) with constant or varying cross-sections; and The fourth group of beams (104a-104l) has a constant or variable cross-section. in: From the angles of the corresponding quadrants, the first beam (101a) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extends along the X-axis, the second beam (101b) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) forms an acute angle with the first beam (101a), the third beam (101c) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extends along the Y-axis, and the fourth beam (101d) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extends at an acute angle with the third beam (101c). The first beam (101a) extending along the X-axis from the first group of beams (101a-101d), the beam (103a) of the third group of beams (103a-103g), and the beam (102a) of the second group of beams (102a-102h) further extending along the X-axis, and the beam (104a) of the fourth group of beams (104a-104l), the beam (103b) of the third group of beams (103a-103g), the beam (102b) of the second group of beams (102a-102h), and the beam (104b) of the fourth group of beams (104a-104l) further extending along the Y-axis. The third beam (101c) extending along the Y-axis from the first group of beams (101a-101d), the beam (103c) of the third group of beams (103a-103g), and the beam (102c) of the second group of beams (102a-102h) further extend along the Y-axis, and the beam (104c) of the fourth group of beams (104a-104l), the beam (103d) of the third group of beams (103a-103g), the beam (102d) of the second group of beams (102a-102h), and the beam (104d) of the fourth group of beams (104a-104l) further extend along the X-axis. From the distal end of the second beam (101b) which forms an acute angle with the first beam (101a), the beam (103e) of the third set of beams (103a-103g) extends perpendicularly to the distal end of the fourth beam (101d) which forms an acute angle with the third beam (101c). From the distal end of the second beam (101b), two beams (102e, 102f) from the second group of beams (102a-102h) extend in a direction at an angle to the second beam (101b), and from the distal end of the fourth beam (101d), two beams (102g, 102h) from the second group of beams (102a-102h) extend in a direction at an angle to the fourth beam (101d). Two beams (103f, 103g) from the third group of beams (103a-103g) extend from the beam (102f) from the second group of beams (102a-102h) to the beam (102h) from the second group of beams (102a-102h).

7. The lower deck according to claim 6, wherein each quadrant comprises four beams (104e-104h) from the fourth group of beams (104a-104l) that share a first group extending in a line on the Y-axis, and four beams (104i-104l) from the fourth group of beams (104a-104l) that share a second group extending in a line on the X-axis.

8. A marine vessel, comprising: The base has one or more supporting columns (106A-106D). and Deck (101), deck (101) is formed by a top truss system (100) supported by one or more support columns (106A-106D), the top truss system (100) comprising: Upper deck (100B); Lower deck (100A); and A tubular member (100C) that connects the upper deck (100B) and the lower deck (100A). The lower deck (100A) has multiple beams distributed in four quadrants, wherein the multiple beams extend in a direction parallel to the X-axis in a plane parallel to the lower deck (100A), extend in a direction parallel to the Y-axis in the plane, and extend in directions forming acute or obtuse angles with the X-axis and Y-axis, each quadrant comprising: The first group of beams (101a-101d) with constant or variable cross sections. The second group of beams (102a-102i) has a constant or variable cross-section. The third group of beams (103a-103m) with constant or varying cross-sections; and The fourth group of beams (104a-104d) has a constant or variable cross section. in From the angles of the corresponding quadrants, the first beam (101a) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extends along the X-axis, the second beam (101b) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) forms an acute angle with the first beam (101a), the third beam (101c) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extends along the Y-axis, and the fourth beam (101d) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) forms an acute angle with the third beam (101c). Starting with the first beam (101a) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extending along the X-axis, the two beams (102a, 102b) of the second group of beams (102a-102i) extend further along the X-axis, and the four beams (103a, 103b, 103c, 103d) of the third group of beams (103a-103m) extend further along the Y-axis. Starting with the third beam (101c) of the first group of beams (101a-101d) extending along the Y-axis, the two beams (102c, 102d) of the second group of beams (102a-102i) extend further along the Y-axis, and the four beams (103e, 103f, 103g, 103h) of the third group of beams (103a-103m) extend further along the X-axis. From the distal end of the second beam (101b) which forms an acute angle with the first beam (101a), the beam (102e) of the second set of beams (102a-102i) extends perpendicularly to the distal end of the fourth beam (101d) which forms an acute angle with the third beam (101c). From each of the distal ends of the second beam (101b) and the fourth beam (101d), beams (102f, 102g) from the second group of beams (102a-102i) and beams (103i, 103j) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) extend further in an angled direction, with beams (103i, 103j) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) extending further at the distal ends of beams (102f, 102g) from the second group of beams (102a-102i). The beam (103k) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) extends in the direction from the beam (103i) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) to the beam (103j) from the third group of beams (103a-103m). The beam (103k) from the third group of beams (103a-103m) is perpendicular to the beam (103i) and the beam (103j) from the third group of beams (103a-103m). The corresponding corner beam members (108) of the top truss system (100) are attached to the top of one or more support columns (106A-106D).

9. The marine vessel according to claim 8, wherein the marine vessel is a semi-submersible platform.

10. The marine vessel according to claim 9, wherein the base is a pontoon base (105).

11. The marine vessel according to claim 10, wherein one or more support columns (106A-106D) further include: A column with six sides; The first side and the second side of the column are set at a first angle relative to each other; The second and third sides of the column are set at a second angle relative to each other; The third and fourth sides of the column are set at a third angle relative to each other; The fourth and fifth sides of the column are set at a fourth angle relative to each other; The fifth and sixth facets of the column are set at a fifth angle relative to each other; and The sixth side of the column and the first side of the column are set at a sixth angle relative to each other. The pontoon base is located at the lower end of the column.

12. The marine vessel according to claim 10, wherein one or more support columns (106A-106D) further include: A column with five sides; The first side and the second side of the column are set at a first angle relative to each other; The second and third sides of the column are set at a second angle relative to each other; The third and fourth sides of the column are set at a third angle relative to each other; The fourth and fifth faces of the column are set at a fourth angle relative to each other; and The fifth side of the column and the first side of the column are set at a fifth angle relative to each other. The pontoon base is located at the lower end of the column, and At least one side of the column includes a tapered position, such that at least one side extends outward or inward along at least a portion of the length of the column.

13. The marine vessel according to claim 8, wherein the upper deck includes an outer perimeter having a fifth set of beams and a sixth set of beams, wherein the fifth set of beams forms a main truss row and the sixth set of beams is oriented in a horizontal or transverse direction.

14. The marine vessel of claim 8, wherein the tubular members are angled to separate the upper deck from the lower deck by a certain distance.

15. The marine vessel of claim 8, wherein the lower deck does not traverse the corresponding corner beam members of the top truss system.

16. The marine vessel according to claim 15, wherein the ends of the corresponding corner beams of the lower deck are adhered to the tops of four support columns and are a certain distance away from the corresponding corner beam members.

17. The marine vessel according to claim 8, wherein the lower deck is symmetrical about a diagonally extending line of symmetry.

18. The marine vessel according to claim 8, wherein one or more quadrants further include: At least four beams from the first group of beams (101a-101d), At least nine beams from the second group of beams (102a-102i), At least thirteen beams from the third group of beams (103a-103m), and At least four beams from the fourth group of beams (104a-104d).

19. The marine vessel according to claim 8, wherein one or more quadrants further include: At least four beams from the first group of beams (101a-101d), At least eight beams from the second group of beams (102a-102h), At least seven beams from the third group of beams (103a-103g), and At least twelve beams from the fourth group of beams (104a-104l).

Images