Battery heating method, apparatus, device, and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a battery heating method, device, equipment and storage medium. The battery heating method comprises: obtaining a first temperature and a first state of charge of a battery; determining a first current frequency according to the first temperature, the first state of charge and a preset first data table, the first data table comprising a corresponding relationship between the first temperature, the first state of charge and the first current frequency under a first current amplitude condition; and heating the battery based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency. Embodiments of the present application can determine the current frequency and amplitude for internal heating according to the temperature of the battery, thereby improving the heating rate of the battery in various temperature environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery heating method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, temperature has a significant impact on battery performance. For example, lithium batteries and similar types of batteries are typically heated to a higher temperature when operating in low-temperature environments to improve their performance.

[0003] In related technologies, batteries are typically heated according to fixed heating parameters, which results in a low heating rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery heating method, apparatus, device, and storage medium to solve the problem of low battery heating rate in related technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery heating method, comprising: Obtain the battery's first temperature and first state of charge; Based on the first temperature, the first state of charge and a preset first data table, the first current frequency is determined. The first data table includes the correspondence between the first temperature, the first state of charge and the first current frequency under the first current amplitude condition. The battery is heated based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency.

[0006] The battery heating method provided in this application embodiment obtains a first temperature and a first state of charge (SBC) of the battery, determines a first current frequency based on the first temperature, the first SBC, and a preset first data table, and heats the battery based on a first current amplitude and the first current frequency. The first data table includes the correspondence between the first temperature, the first SBC, and the first current frequency under the condition of the first current amplitude. This application embodiment can determine the current frequency and amplitude used for internal heating based on the battery temperature, improving the heating rate of the battery under various temperature environments. Since the first current amplitude is predetermined, the computational resources consumed in determining the battery heating parameters can be saved, improving the efficiency of determining the battery heating parameters. Furthermore, it eliminates the need to establish separate first data tables for various current amplitudes, helping to reduce the manpower and material resources consumed in establishing the first data tables. By determining the first current amplitude, it avoids the situation where the actual current amplitude used for heating the battery is too high due to the lack of a limit on the current amplitude used for heating the battery, resulting in lithium plating in the battery cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the number of first data tables is N, and the N first data tables are associated with N battery health statuses, where N is an integer greater than 1; Based on the first temperature, the first state of charge, and a preset first data table, the first current frequency is determined, including: Obtain the battery's initial health status; Determine the second data table associated with the first health level from N first data tables; The first current frequency is determined based on the first temperature, the first state of charge, and the second data table.

[0008] In this embodiment, the State of Hypothesis (SOH) is taken into account as a safety redundancy, which can further improve the reliability of the battery heating process.

[0009] In some embodiments, heating the battery based on a first current amplitude and a first current frequency includes: Starting from the first moment, the battery is heated based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency; After heating the battery based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency, the method further includes: Upon reaching the second moment, return to the step of obtaining the first temperature and first state of charge of the battery, and the duration between the second moment and the first moment is equal to the first preset duration.

[0010] In this embodiment, the battery is heated in different heating cycles. In each heating cycle, the current frequency used to heat the battery is adjusted according to the battery's first temperature, which helps to effectively improve the battery's heating safety and heating efficiency.

[0011] In some embodiments, after determining the first current frequency based on the first temperature, the first state of charge, and a preset first data table, the method further includes: Given the second current amplitude, a third current frequency is determined based on the second current amplitude. The third current frequency is the safe current frequency for heating the battery under the condition of the second current amplitude. The battery is heated based on the larger value between the first current frequency and the third current frequency, and the second current amplitude.

[0012] This embodiment can effectively ensure the safety of the battery heating process under various current amplitude conditions.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a battery heating method, including: Obtain the battery's second temperature and second state of charge; The third current amplitude is determined based on the second temperature, the second state of charge, and a preset third data table. The third data table includes the correspondence between the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the third current amplitude under the fourth current frequency condition. The battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude.

[0014] The battery heating method provided in this application embodiment obtains a second temperature and a second state of charge of the battery, determines a third current amplitude based on the second temperature, the second state of charge, and a preset third data table, and heats the battery based on a fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude. The third data table includes the correspondence between the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the third current amplitude under the fourth current frequency condition. This application embodiment can determine the current frequency and amplitude used for internal heating based on the battery temperature, improving the heating rate of the battery under various temperature environments. Since the fourth current frequency is predetermined, the computational resources consumed in determining the fourth current frequency can be saved when determining the battery heating parameters, improving the efficiency of determining the battery heating parameters. Furthermore, it eliminates the need to establish the aforementioned third data table separately for various current frequencies, helping to reduce the manpower and material resources consumed in establishing the third data table. By determining the first current frequency, the situation where the actual current frequency used to heat the battery is too high due to the lack of a frequency for the current amplitude used to heat the battery can be avoided.

[0015] In some embodiments, after determining the magnitude of the third current, the method further includes: Obtain the battery's output voltage; When the output voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the preset fifth current frequency and third current amplitude. Heating the battery based on a fourth current frequency and a third current amplitude includes: When the output voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude. The fifth current frequency is greater than the fourth current frequency.

[0016] This embodiment can balance the safety and heating efficiency of the battery heating process.

[0017] In some embodiments, the third current amplitude is the positive current amplitude; Heating the battery based on a fourth current frequency and a third current amplitude includes: The battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude.

[0018] This embodiment helps reduce the amount of calculation required to determine heating parameters, while also helping to ensure the safety of the battery heating process.

[0019] In some embodiments, after determining the magnitude of the third current, the method further includes: Obtain the battery's output voltage; When the output voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset second negative current amplitude. Heating the battery based on a fourth current frequency, a third current amplitude, and a preset first negative current amplitude specifically includes: When the output voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude. The amplitude of the first negative current is greater than the amplitude of the second negative current.

[0020] This embodiment can avoid safety issues caused by over-discharge of the battery, thereby helping to improve the battery's lifespan.

[0021] In some embodiments, the number of third data tables is M, and the M third data tables are associated with M battery health statuses, where M is an integer greater than 1; Based on the second temperature, the second state of charge, and a preset third data table, the third current amplitude is determined, including: Obtain the battery's second health status; Determine the fourth data table associated with the second health level from the M third data tables; The third current amplitude is determined based on the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the fourth data table.

[0022] In this embodiment, the State of Hypothesis (SOH) is taken into account as a safety redundancy, which can further improve the reliability of the battery heating process.

[0023] In some embodiments, heating the battery based on a fourth current frequency and a third current amplitude includes: Starting at the third moment, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude; After heating the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude, the method further includes: If the fourth time point is reached, return to the step of obtaining the second temperature and second state of charge of the battery. The duration between the fourth time point and the third time point is equal to the second preset duration.

[0024] In this embodiment, the battery is heated in different heating cycles. In each heating cycle, the current amplitude used to heat the battery is adjusted according to the second temperature of the battery, which helps to effectively improve the battery heating safety and heating efficiency.

[0025] Thirdly, this application provides a battery heating device, comprising: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the first temperature and the first state of charge of the battery. The first determining module is used to determine the first current frequency based on the first temperature, the first state of charge and a preset first data table. The first data table includes the correspondence between the first temperature, the first state of charge and the first current frequency under the first current amplitude condition. The first heating control module is used to heat the battery based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency.

[0026] Fourthly, this application provides a battery heating device, comprising: The second acquisition module is used to acquire the second temperature and the second state of charge of the battery. The second determining module is used to determine the third current amplitude based on the second temperature, the second state of charge and a preset third data table. The third data table includes the correspondence between the second temperature, the second state of charge and the third current amplitude under the fourth current frequency condition. The second heating control module is used to heat the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude.

[0027] Fifthly, this application provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; When the processor executes computer program instructions, it implements either the battery heating method as described in the first aspect or the battery heating method as described in the second aspect.

[0028] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a computer storage medium storing computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the battery heating method as shown in the first aspect, or the battery heating method as shown in the second aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit of a lithium-ion battery; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the maximum amplitude of AC current and frequency of a lithium-ion battery at different temperatures under conditions of suppressed lithium plating. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the maximum heat generation power of preheating with AC current at different temperatures and frequencies under conditions that suppress lithium plating; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the selection of the optimal frequency point given the AC current amplitude. Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of a battery heating method disclosed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is an example diagram of the battery heating process; Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of a battery heating method disclosed in another embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is another example diagram of the battery heating process; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a heating system used to heat the battery; Figure 10 This is another schematic diagram of a heating system used to heat the battery; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery heating device disclosed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery heating device disclosed in another embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this application by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application, that is, this application is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0033] Generally speaking, for batteries such as lithium batteries, the working environment has a significant impact on their performance. Taking lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles as an example, when an electric vehicle is started in a low-temperature environment, the performance of the lithium-ion battery deteriorates at low temperatures, which may cause the electric vehicle to fail to start or drive normally.

[0034] Of course, in practical applications, heating may also be required for other types of batteries, such as sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, not just lithium batteries.

[0035] Currently, there are two main methods for heating batteries: external heating and internal heating. External heating is mainly achieved through heat conduction or convection, using materials such as PTC materials or heating films to heat the battery from the outside. However, this method is prone to uneven heating and has low heating efficiency. Internal heating, on the other hand, generates heat directly inside the battery, resulting in higher energy efficiency and more uniform heating.

[0036] During the research process, the inventors compared various heating methods and found that when heating internally with alternating current (hereinafter referred to as AC internal heating), the battery temperature uniformity is good and the battery energy loss is small.

[0037] When the heating source is the battery itself, internal DC heating (hereinafter referred to as DC internal heating) avoids the need for circuit components that implement functions such as inverters, resulting in lower costs, but causing greater energy loss from the battery. Furthermore, excessive DC can negatively impact battery life.

[0038] In general, AC internal heating is easier to implement than external heating or DC internal heating, and the battery heats up faster and with better heating uniformity.

[0039] To simplify the description, the following explanation will primarily use lithium batteries as an example.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit of a lithium-ion battery. Based on this equivalent circuit, it can be seen that the impedance of a lithium-ion battery is mainly composed of three parts: Z1, Z2, and Z3.

[0041] Z1 represents the ohmic impedance component of the current collector, active material, and electrolyte within the lithium-ion battery. R 0. Z2 represents the impedance component of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film on the particle surface, specifically including capacitive impedance. Q SEI With Ohmic impedance R SEIZ3 includes the double-layer capacitance at the solid-liquid interface of the active material. Q dl Charge transfer impedance R ct and the impedance corresponding to the diffusion process of lithium ions W .

[0042] Generally speaking, when current flows through a battery, it may cause the battery potential to deviate from the equilibrium potential. This phenomenon can be called battery polarization.

[0043] When a lithium battery becomes polarized, lithium plating may occur at the negative electrode. Specifically, during the charging process of a lithium-ion battery, lithium ions are extracted from the positive electrode and inserted into the negative electrode. However, if some abnormal conditions occur and the lithium ions extracted from the positive electrode cannot be inserted into the negative electrode, then the lithium ions can only be deposited on the surface of the negative electrode, thus forming a layer of gray substance.

[0044] Lithium plating not only degrades battery performance and significantly shortens cycle life, but also limits the battery's fast-charging capacity and may cause catastrophic consequences such as combustion and explosion.

[0045] To prevent lithium plating at the negative electrode, the potential difference between the solid and liquid phases on the surface of the negative electrode particles must be greater than the equilibrium potential for the lithium plating reaction, i.e.: Φ s - Φ l > U e,2 in, Φ s This represents the solid-phase potential on the surface of the negative electrode particles. Φ l The potential of the liquid phase on the surface of the negative electrode particles is denoted as . U e,2 The equilibrium potential for the lithium plating reaction is usually considered to be 0V.

[0046] During the lithium plating reaction, lithium ions need to gain electrons to be reduced to lithium metal. It is generally believed that the lithium plating reaction initially occurs inside the SEI film on the surface of graphite particles, where the overpotential for the lithium intercalation reaction is located. η for: η = Φ s - Φ l - U e,1 in, U e,1 It represents the equilibrium potential of the graphite negative electrode under a specific state of charge (SOC).

[0047] Based on the derivation of the impedance spectrum of lithium-ion batteries, and through the linearization of the Butler-Volmer equation, the overpotential for the lithium intercalation reaction can be approximated as: η ≈ I ct R ct In the formula, I ct For Faraday current, R ct As the charge transfer impedance, during charging, I ct The sign of is negative.

[0048] The equivalent circuit corresponding to the graphite negative electrode has the following relationship: I ct R ct =- V 3 in V 3 represents charge transfer impedance. R ct The voltage across the two ends, i.e. Figure 1 The voltage across the impedance Z3 portion in the equivalent circuit shown.

[0049] From the above equation, to avoid lithium deposition on the negative electrode surface, the following conditions must be met: V 3< U e,1 (1) The impedance of the Z3 part in the equivalent circuit is related to the current frequency, and its expression is: (2) in, Z 3 represents the impedance of the Z3 section. j The imaginary unit is ω, and the current frequency is ω. n dl The constant phase angle element (CPE) index is the constant phase angle element (CPE) of the impedance Z3 section. Q dl This is the CPE coefficient for the impedance Z3 portion.

[0050] When an AC excitation is applied to the lithium-ion battery, the voltage amplitude across Z3 is: | V 3|= I ac | Z 3| (3) In the formula, | V 3| represents the impedance amplitude of the Z3 portion, which is related to the current frequency; I ac The amplitude of the applied alternating current.

[0051] From formulas (1) and (3), the condition under which lithium-ion batteries do not undergo lithium plating under AC excitation is: I ac | Z 3|< U e,1 (4) That is, the voltage amplitude (charge transfer impedance) across the Z3 portion of the impedance in the equivalent circuit of the graphite negative electrode of a lithium-ion battery. R ct The voltage amplitude at both ends is always less than the equilibrium potential of the graphite negative electrode.

[0052] Generally speaking, as the temperature decreases, both the real and imaginary parts of the positive and negative impedances increase significantly; the real parts of the positive and negative impedances decrease as the frequency increases.

[0053] Based on formulas (2) and (4), the maximum amplitude of AC heating current at different frequencies at different temperatures can be calculated from the fitted negative electrode equivalent circuit parameters. This is the maximum amplitude-frequency relationship of the lithium-ion battery AC current at different temperatures. This amplitude-frequency relationship can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2 .

[0054] Since the impedance amplitude of the Z3 section of the graphite negative electrode equivalent circuit decreases with increasing temperature and frequency, the maximum permissible AC current amplitude increases with increasing frequency or temperature.

[0055] In summary, the maximum allowable current increases with increasing frequency, while the real part of the battery impedance increases with decreasing frequency. According to the formula for heat generation power P=I... 2 R needs to find a balance between frequency and current to maximize heating power. Here, P is the heat generation power, I is the current, and R is the resistance.

[0056] Specifically Figure 1 In the equivalent circuit of the lithium-ion battery shown, as the frequency increases, the flow rate through the lithium-ion battery... R ct and R SEI With the current component decreasing, more of the heat generation power will come from the ohmic internal resistance. R Heat generation at 0.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3This is a schematic diagram illustrating the maximum heat generation power of AC current preheating at different temperatures and frequencies under conditions of suppressed lithium plating. Ideally, by increasing the frequency, the heat generation power of AC current preheating at different temperatures and frequencies would be reduced. R ct The current decreases, the voltage decreases to avoid lithium plating, and at the same time, the total current increases, through R 0 generates more heat.

[0058] In practice, heating devices (built-in or external rapid heating devices) also have limitations on the maximum current amplitude. If a maximum current amplitude is given, lithium plating will occur if the current frequency is too low, while the heat generation power will be low if the current frequency is too high. Therefore, in this case, there is an optimal value for the frequency.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the selection of the optimal frequency point given an alternating current amplitude. Based on Figure 4 As can be seen, the maximum heat generation power under the condition of no lithium plating can be obtained at the boundary of the shaded area, which is the optimal frequency point. By selecting appropriate current amplitude and frequency, the heating efficiency can be maximized.

[0060] However, in related technologies, the current amplitude and frequency for internal heating of lithium batteries are usually determined based on the minimum design temperature of the lithium battery, and this current amplitude and frequency are fixed in subsequent applications to heat the lithium battery. As a result, it is difficult to achieve efficient heating of lithium batteries in various environments.

[0061] To address the problems existing in related technologies, according to some embodiments of this application, a battery heating method is provided, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the method includes: Step 501: Obtain the battery's first temperature and first state of charge; Step 502: Determine the first current frequency based on the first temperature, the first state of charge, and a preset first data table. The first data table includes the correspondence between the first temperature, the first state of charge, and the first current frequency under the first current amplitude condition. Step 503: Heat the battery based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency.

[0062] In this embodiment, the battery can be a lithium-ion battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., and no specific limitation is made here. For the sake of simplicity, the following description will mainly focus on lithium-ion batteries.

[0063] The battery's primary temperature can refer to a real-time temperature reading, which can be collected using relevant temperature sensing devices. This primary temperature can be the temperature inside the battery pack or the temperature of the battery's operating environment.

[0064] The first state of charge can be the battery's real-time SOC, which can be acquired using a battery SOC signal acquisition device.

[0065] In some application scenarios, the first temperature and the first state of charge can be collected by a battery management system (BMS).

[0066] The first data table can be pre-established. During the establishment of this first data table, the current amplitude can be controlled, the battery temperature and state of charge (SOC) can be varied, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data of the battery under each combination of battery temperature and SOC can be obtained. Based on the EIS data, the current frequency under any combination of battery temperature and SOC can be determined. Generally, this current frequency ensures that the battery does not exhibit polarization under the corresponding combination of battery temperature and SOC, while simultaneously enabling internal heating of the battery with relatively high heating power.

[0067] In other words, when establishing the first data table, the current amplitude can be used as a fixed quantity, the battery temperature and battery SOC can be used as independent variables, and the current frequency can be used as a dependent variable for measurement.

[0068] Specifically, the current amplitude in the first data table is controlled at the first current amplitude.

[0069] For example, the first current amplitude can be determined based on the rated current or maximum permissible current of the discharging device. For instance, when the battery is used in an electric vehicle, the discharging device can be a motor controller, a charging pile, or other energy storage unit, and the first current amplitude can be equal to or slightly less than the maximum permissible current of the discharging device.

[0070] The first data table may include the correspondence between the first temperature, the first state of charge, and the first current frequency under the condition of the first current amplitude. Given the first temperature and the first state of charge, the first current frequency can be determined using the first data table.

[0071] Given a first current frequency, the battery can be heated based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency.

[0072] The first current amplitude and the first current frequency can be target heating parameters or reference heating parameters. For example, in practical applications, the battery can be heated with the first current amplitude and the first current frequency, or it can be heated with the first current frequency and a current amplitude lower than the first current amplitude.

[0073] The battery heating method provided in this application embodiment acquires a first temperature and a first state of charge (SBC) of the battery, determines a first current frequency based on the first temperature, the first SBC, and a preset first data table, and heats the battery based on a first current amplitude and the first current frequency. The first data table includes the correspondence between the first temperature, the first SBC, and the first current frequency under the first current amplitude condition. This application embodiment can determine the current frequency and amplitude used for internal heating based on the battery temperature, improving the heating rate of the battery under various temperature environments.

[0074] Secondly, in this embodiment, since the first current amplitude is predetermined, the computational resources consumed in determining the battery heating parameters can be saved, thus improving the efficiency of determining the battery heating parameters. Furthermore, it eliminates the need to establish separate first data tables for various current amplitudes, helping to reduce the manpower and material resources required for establishing such tables.

[0075] Furthermore, by determining the first current amplitude, it is possible to avoid situations where the actual current amplitude used to heat the battery is too high due to the lack of a limit on the current amplitude used for heating the battery, which could lead to lithium plating in the battery cell.

[0076] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the first data table is established under the condition of the first current amplitude, eliminating the need to establish the correspondence between battery temperature, battery SOC and current frequency for multiple current amplitudes, which also helps to reduce the manpower and resources required for the establishment of these correspondences.

[0077] Based on some examples, when establishing the first data table, the first current amplitude can be determined first. Taking battery applications in electric vehicles as an example, the selection of the first current amplitude is related to the maximum overcurrent capacity of the heating system. If self-discharge is achieved through the electric vehicle motor controller, the first current amplitude is generally the maximum overcurrent of the motor controller. If heating is achieved through a fast-heating charging station, the first current amplitude is generally selected as the maximum overcurrent capacity of the charging station. In general, the first current amplitude is the maximum current amplitude achievable under fast-heating conditions, without causing safety risks to the heating system. This first current amplitude is generally determined at the beginning of the system design.

[0078] In one example, the first current amplitude can be 300A, and the safe current frequency of the battery can be calibrated when the SOC is 0%~100% and the temperature is -30°~10°. The safe current frequency can be determined based on formulas (2) and (4).

[0079] When obtaining the current frequency with the highest heating efficiency (i.e., the optimal frequency point) through battery calibration tests, the obtained optimal frequency point should not be lower than the corresponding safe current frequency.

[0080] The first data table can be obtained based on the calibration test. The following is an example of the first data table.

[0081] It is worth noting that the data in the first data table above are illustrative examples. For instance, "XHz" represents a frequency value. The specific value represented by "X" in each table can be obtained through calibration testing and does not refer to a specific value. In other words, the value of "X" in different tables can be the same or different. Furthermore, in practical applications, the first current amplitude, the calibrated SOC range, or the temperature range can all be adjusted as needed.

[0082] According to some embodiments of this application, the number of first data tables is N, and the N first data tables are associated with N battery health (State of Health, SOH) values, where N is an integer greater than 1; The first current frequency is determined based on the first temperature, the first state of charge, and a preset first data table, specifically including: Obtain the battery's initial health status; Determine the second data table associated with the first health level from N first data tables; The first current frequency is determined based on the first temperature, the first state of charge, and the second data table.

[0083] Battery state of equilibrium (SOH) can be understood as the percentage of the battery's current capacity relative to its original factory capacity. The same battery may have different charge transfer impedances under different SOH states. R ct Based on the analysis of lithium plating conditions in lithium-ion batteries above, it can be seen that when... R ct When this is changed, the current amplitude and frequency that can be used for safe heating of lithium ions will also change accordingly.

[0084] Therefore, in this embodiment, a corresponding first data table can be established for each of the N SOHs. The method for establishing the first data table will not be described in detail here.

[0085] The battery's first health status can be understood as the battery's current state of health (SOH). In some examples, the battery's first health status can be obtained through the battery management system (BMS).

[0086] Since SOH is associated with the first data table, once the first health level is obtained, the second data table associated with the first health level can be determined from the N first data tables.

[0087] From another perspective, the second data table is essentially the first data table associated with the first health level among the N first data tables. Therefore, the second data table can also include the correspondence between the first temperature, the first state of charge, and the first current frequency under the first current amplitude condition.

[0088] In this embodiment, a first current frequency is determined based on a first temperature, a first state of charge, and a second data table. This first current frequency corresponds to the heating parameters of the battery described above; its specific application will not be elaborated here.

[0089] When the state of harmonics (SOH) of the battery decreases, the battery impedance increases. In this embodiment, SOH is taken into account as a safety redundancy, which can further improve the reliability of the battery heating process.

[0090] Optionally, heating the battery based on a first current amplitude and a first current frequency includes: Starting from the first moment, the battery is heated based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency; After heating the battery based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency, the method further includes: Upon reaching the second moment, return to the step of obtaining the first temperature and first state of charge of the battery, and the duration between the second moment and the first moment is equal to the first preset duration.

[0091] In this embodiment, the battery can be considered to be heated in stages.

[0092] For example, during a heating cycle, steps 501 to 503 can be performed, and the battery can be heated for a first preset duration. This first preset duration can be preset, and the specific value is not limited here.

[0093] After the battery has been heated for the first preset time, the next heating cycle can begin, and steps 501 to 503 can be repeated, while maintaining the battery heating for the first preset time again.

[0094] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is an example diagram of the battery heating process in this embodiment. In this example diagram, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents battery temperature.

[0095] Figure 6 The time intervals of three heating cycles are shown on the time axis. These three heating cycles are denoted as heating cycle A, heating cycle B, and heating cycle C, respectively. The first current frequency used in each heating cycle is the first frequency, the second frequency, and the third frequency, respectively.

[0096] After each heating cycle, the battery’s first temperature will change. Therefore, the first current frequency determined based on the first temperature and the first data table will usually change accordingly. That is, the first frequency, the second frequency, and the third frequency can usually be different.

[0097] Generally, the first data table is established based on considerations of battery safety heating and maximizing heating efficiency. In this embodiment, the battery is heated in different heating cycles. In each heating cycle, the current frequency used to heat the battery is adjusted according to the battery's first temperature, which helps to effectively improve battery heating safety and heating efficiency.

[0098] In some examples, heating of the battery can be stopped when the first temperature of the battery exceeds a temperature threshold or when the number of heating cycles reaches a preset number.

[0099] In some examples, the waveform of the current heating the battery can be a pulse wave, square wave, triangle wave, single-frequency sine wave, or a superposition of multiple frequency sine waves. In other words, the waveform type of the current heating the battery may vary in practical applications.

[0100] Generally, the first current frequency is obtained by querying the first data table, which is often established based on the current conditions of a certain waveform type.

[0101] For example, when creating the first data table, the waveform type of the current used can be a single-frequency sine wave. To simplify the explanation, the waveform type of the current used when creating the first data table can be called the reference waveform.

[0102] However, in practical applications, the waveform of the current used to heat the battery may be a pulse wave or a triangular wave, etc. The impact of these waveform types on lithium plating in the battery is often difficult to determine. To ensure the safety of the heating process, given the first current frequency determined based on the first data table, the first current frequency can be adjusted according to the waveform type of the current used to heat the battery to obtain a second current frequency.

[0103] The adjustment rules for the first current frequency can be set as needed. For example, if the waveform of the current used to heat the battery is the reference waveform mentioned above, the first current frequency can be directly used as the second current frequency; if the waveform of the current used to heat the battery is not the reference waveform, the first current frequency can be added to a preset frequency or multiplied by a preset coefficient to obtain the second current frequency.

[0104] For example, in the adjustment rules, each waveform type can correspond to a preset frequency adjustment value or adjustment coefficient. Given the waveform type of the current used by the heating battery, a second current frequency can be obtained by adding the frequency adjustment value corresponding to that waveform type to the first current frequency, or by multiplying it by the adjustment coefficient corresponding to that waveform type.

[0105] In this embodiment, the first current frequency determined according to the first data table can be adjusted according to the waveform type of the current of the heated battery to obtain the second current frequency, and the battery can be heated based on the first current amplitude and the second current frequency, which helps to improve the safety of the battery heating process.

[0106] According to some embodiments of this application, after determining the first current frequency based on the first temperature, the first state of charge, and a preset first data table, the method further includes: Given the second current amplitude, a third current frequency is determined based on the second current amplitude. The third current frequency is the safe current frequency for heating the battery under the condition of the second current amplitude. The battery is heated based on the larger value between the first current frequency and the third current frequency, and the second current amplitude.

[0107] In conjunction with the embodiments described above, the first current amplitude can be determined based on the maximum allowable current of the discharge device, and can be considered an empirical value to some extent. However, in practical applications, different discharge devices may have different maximum allowable currents.

[0108] The second current amplitude here can be the maximum allowable current of the discharge device used in the actual application, or a current amplitude determined based on the maximum allowable current of the discharge device used in the actual application.

[0109] According to formulas (2) and (4), when the amplitude of the alternating current increases, in order to avoid lithium plating and ensure the safety of battery heating, the current frequency needs to be increased accordingly.

[0110] Once the second current amplitude is obtained, a safe current frequency, namely the third current frequency mentioned above, can be determined according to formulas (2) and (4). If the frequency of the current used to heat the battery is lower than this third current frequency, it may cause safety issues in the heating process.

[0111] Therefore, in this embodiment, the battery can be heated based on the larger value between the first current frequency and the third current frequency, as well as the second current amplitude. This effectively ensures the safety of the battery heating process under various current amplitude conditions.

[0112] like Figure 7 As shown in the embodiments of this application, a battery heating method is also provided, including: Step 701: Obtain the second temperature and second state of charge of the battery; Step 702: Determine the third current amplitude based on the second temperature, the second state of charge, and a preset third data table. The third data table includes the correspondence between the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the third current amplitude under the fourth current frequency condition. Step 703: Heat the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude.

[0113] In this embodiment, the battery can be a lithium-ion battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., and no specific limitation is made here. For the sake of simplicity, the following description will also mainly use a lithium-ion battery.

[0114] The battery's second temperature can refer to a real-time temperature reading, which can be collected using relevant temperature sensing devices. This second temperature can be the temperature inside the battery pack or the temperature of the battery's operating environment.

[0115] The second state of charge can be the battery's real-time SOC, which can be acquired using a battery SOC signal acquisition device.

[0116] In some applications, the second temperature and second state of charge can be acquired through a BMS or similar means.

[0117] The third data table can be pre-established. During the establishment of this third data table, the current frequency can be controlled, the battery temperature and battery SOC can be changed, and the EIS data of the battery under each combination of battery temperature and battery SOC can be acquired. Based on the EIS data, the current amplitude under any combination of battery temperature and battery SOC can be determined. Generally, this current amplitude ensures that the battery does not exhibit polarization under the corresponding combination of battery temperature and battery SOC, while simultaneously enabling high-power internal heating of the battery.

[0118] In other words, when establishing the third data table, the current frequency can be used as a fixed quantity, the battery temperature and battery SOC as independent variables, and the current amplitude as a dependent variable for measurement.

[0119] The current frequency in the third data table is specifically controlled at the fourth current frequency.

[0120] The third data table may include the correspondence between the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the third current amplitude under the fourth current frequency condition. Given the second temperature and the second state of charge, the third current amplitude can be determined using the third data table.

[0121] Given a determined third current amplitude, the battery can be heated based on a fourth current frequency and a third current amplitude.

[0122] The fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude can be either target heating parameters or reference heating parameters. For example, in practical applications, the battery can be heated using the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude, or it can be heated using the third current amplitude and a current frequency higher than the fourth current frequency.

[0123] The battery heating method provided in this application embodiment obtains a second temperature and a second state of charge (SBC) of the battery. Based on the second temperature, the second SBC, and a preset third data table, a third current amplitude is determined. The battery is then heated based on a fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude. The third data table includes the correspondence between the second temperature, the second SBC, and the third current amplitude under the fourth current frequency condition. This application embodiment can determine the current frequency and amplitude used for internal heating based on the battery temperature, improving the heating rate of the battery under various temperature conditions.

[0124] Secondly, in this embodiment, since the fourth current frequency is predetermined, the computational resources consumed in determining the battery heating parameters can be saved, thus improving the efficiency of determining the battery heating parameters. Furthermore, it eliminates the need to establish separate third data tables for each current frequency, helping to reduce the manpower and material resources required for establishing such tables.

[0125] Furthermore, by determining the first current frequency, it is possible to avoid a situation where the actual current frequency used to heat the battery is too high due to a lack of frequency for the current amplitude used to heat the battery.

[0126] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the third data table is established under the fourth current frequency condition, eliminating the need to establish the correspondence between battery temperature, battery SOC and current amplitude for multiple current frequencies, which also helps to reduce the manpower and resources required for the establishment of these correspondences.

[0127] According to some embodiments of this application, after determining the third current amplitude, the method further includes: Obtain the battery's output voltage; When the output voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the preset fifth current frequency and third current amplitude. Heating the battery based on a fourth current frequency and a third current amplitude includes: When the output voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude. The fifth current frequency is greater than the fourth current frequency.

[0128] In practical applications, a battery can supply power to a user device while being heated by the device being discharged. Therefore, the battery has an output voltage, which can be obtained through voltage sensing devices, etc.

[0129] As an example, the aforementioned fourth current frequency can be a predetermined, relatively small frequency value. During the internal heating process of the battery, if the battery's output voltage is low, continued discharge could cause the battery voltage to drop below the safe level.

[0130] Voltage threshold can be considered as a threshold used to determine whether a battery is within a safe voltage range.

[0131] When the battery's output voltage is lower than this voltage threshold, the battery can be considered to be outside the safe voltage range, and continued discharge may cause the battery to drop below the safe voltage.

[0132] In this embodiment, when the battery's output voltage is less than the voltage threshold, a relatively large fifth current frequency can be used to internally heat the battery.

[0133] Based on formula (2), it can be seen that when the current frequency increases, the battery impedance will decrease, which helps the battery to reliably stay within the safe voltage range while discharging, thereby improving the safety of the internal heating process of the battery.

[0134] The fifth current frequency can be set as needed, either by empirical values ​​or by calibrating the battery's charging and discharging process, which will not be elaborated here.

[0135] When the battery's output voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, it can be considered to a certain extent that there is no situation where the battery's output voltage drops below the safe voltage range during discharge. In this case, the battery can be heated based on a relatively low fourth current frequency and third current amplitude to ensure the heating efficiency of the battery.

[0136] In one embodiment, when the output voltage is less than the voltage threshold, after heating the battery based on a preset fifth current frequency and a third current amplitude, when the second temperature of the battery rises to a preset temperature value, the battery can be heated again based on a fourth current frequency and a third current amplitude.

[0137] According to some embodiments of this application, the third current amplitude is specifically a positive current amplitude; Heating the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude specifically includes: The battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude.

[0138] Generally speaking, positive current refers to the current when the battery is charging, while negative current refers to the current when the battery is discharging.

[0139] When heating the battery internally, the aforementioned forward current often causes safety issues such as lithium plating. Therefore, in this embodiment, the third current amplitude that needs to be determined can be the forward current amplitude. Heating the battery based on the third current amplitude and the fourth current frequency should avoid causing safety problems.

[0140] Correspondingly, the negative current has a smaller impact on the safety of lithium plating in the battery, so its amplitude can be set to a preset value, namely the first negative current amplitude mentioned above.

[0141] For example, in one instance, the magnitude of the first negative current can be taken as the maximum permissible current magnitude of the electrical equipment, which has been determined during the design of the equipment. Of course, in other instances, the magnitude of the first negative current can also be taken as an empirical value.

[0142] In this embodiment, the third current amplitude determined based on the third data table is specifically a positive current amplitude. Heating the battery based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude helps improve heating efficiency, while also ensuring the safety of the battery heating process and reducing the requirements for the frequency conversion amplitude of the heating equipment.

[0143] According to some embodiments of this application, after determining the third current amplitude, the method further includes: Obtain the battery's output voltage; When the output voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset second negative current amplitude. Heating the battery based on a fourth current frequency, a third current amplitude, and a preset first negative current amplitude specifically includes: When the output voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude. The amplitude of the first negative current is greater than the amplitude of the second negative current.

[0144] As can be seen from the above embodiments, if the battery output voltage is low during the internal heating process, continued discharge may cause the battery voltage to drop below the safe level.

[0145] Whether the battery's output voltage is low can be determined by comparing the output voltage with a voltage threshold.

[0146] When the battery's output voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, it can be considered to a certain extent that there is no situation where the battery's output voltage drops below the safe voltage range during discharge. At this time, the battery can be heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude, so as to ensure the heating efficiency of the battery and the normal use of the electrical equipment.

[0147] When the battery's output voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the amplitude of the output current needs to be controlled, i.e., the amplitude of the negative current needs to be reduced.

[0148] Specifically, when the output voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset second negative current amplitude. The second negative current amplitude is less than the first negative current amplitude to avoid over-discharge of the battery and thus help improve the battery's lifespan.

[0149] According to some embodiments of this application, the number of third data tables is M, and the M third data tables are associated with M battery health statuses, where M is an integer greater than 1; Based on the second temperature, the second state of charge, and a preset third data table, the third current amplitude is determined, including: Obtain the battery's second health status; Determine the fourth data table associated with the second health level from the M third data tables; The third current amplitude is determined based on the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the fourth data table.

[0150] Based on the above embodiments, the same battery may have different charge transfer impedances under different SOH states. R ct Based on the analysis of lithium plating conditions in lithium-ion batteries above, it can be seen that when... R ct When this is changed, the current amplitude and frequency that can be used for safe heating of lithium ions will also change accordingly.

[0151] In this embodiment, a corresponding third data table can be established for each of the M SOHs. The method for establishing the third data table will not be described in detail here.

[0152] The second health of a battery can be understood as the current state of health (SOH) of the battery. In some examples, the second health of a battery can be obtained through a battery management system (BMS).

[0153] Since SOH is associated with the third data table, once the second health level is obtained, the fourth data table associated with the second health level can be determined from the M third data tables.

[0154] From another perspective, the fourth data table is the third data table among the N third data tables that is associated with the second health level. Therefore, the fourth data table can also include the correspondence between the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the third current amplitude under the fourth current frequency condition.

[0155] In this embodiment, a third current amplitude is determined based on a second temperature, a second state of charge, and a fourth data table. This third current amplitude corresponds to the heating parameters of the battery described above; its specific application will not be elaborated here.

[0156] When the state of harmonics (SOH) of the battery decreases, the battery impedance increases. In this embodiment, SOH is taken into account as a safety redundancy, which can further improve the reliability of the battery heating process.

[0157] According to some embodiments of this application, heating the battery based on a fourth current frequency and a third current amplitude includes: Starting at the third moment, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude; After heating the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude, the method further includes: If the fourth time point is reached, return to the step of obtaining the second temperature and second state of charge of the battery. The duration between the fourth time point and the third time point is equal to the second preset duration.

[0158] In this embodiment, the battery can be considered to be heated in stages.

[0159] For example, during a heating cycle, steps 701 to 703 can be performed, and the battery can be heated for a second preset duration. This second preset duration can be preset, and the specific value is not limited here.

[0160] After the battery has been heated for the second preset time, the next heating cycle can begin, and steps 701 to 703 can be repeated, while maintaining the second preset time of battery heating again.

[0161] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is another example diagram of the battery heating process in this embodiment. In the coordinate system at the top of this example diagram, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents battery temperature.

[0162] Figure 8 The time intervals for three heating cycles are shown on the time axis. These three heating cycles are denoted as heating cycle A′, heating cycle B′, and heating cycle C′, respectively. The current frequency used in each heating cycle can be the same, but the current amplitude can be continuously varied.

[0163] For example, refer to Figure 8 In the coordinate system located below, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the current amplitude. It can be seen that the frequency of the current remains constant. During heating cycles A′, B′, and C′, the positive current amplitude can continuously increase, while the negative current amplitude remains unchanged.

[0164] Of course, in other examples, the amplitude of the negative current can also be adjusted as the heating cycle progresses.

[0165] Generally, the third data table is established based on considerations of battery safety heating and maximizing heating efficiency. In this embodiment, the battery is heated in different heating cycles. In each heating cycle, the current amplitude used to heat the battery is adjusted according to the second temperature of the battery, which helps to effectively improve the battery heating safety and heating efficiency.

[0166] exist Figure 8 In the example shown, the waveform of the current used by the heating battery is a square wave. In practical applications, the waveform of the current used by the heating battery can be at least one of the following forms: pulse wave, square wave, triangle wave, single-frequency sine wave, or superposition of multiple frequency sine waves.

[0167] Of course, in some implementations, in order to further improve the safety of the battery heating process, the amplitude of the third current can be adjusted according to the waveform type, and the battery can be heated based on the fourth current frequency and the adjusted third current amplitude.

[0168] For example, the current waveform used when creating the third data table is a single-frequency sine wave, which can be called the reference waveform. Adjustment rules may include: when the waveform used for heating the battery is not a reference waveform, subtracting a preset current amplitude from the determined third current amplitude, or multiplying by a positive coefficient less than 1, etc.

[0169] According to some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of a heating system used to heat a battery. The heating system may include a battery pack and a power source.

[0170] A battery pack can include a battery and a battery management system (BMS). The BMS includes various types of sensing units, such as current acquisition units, voltage acquisition units, and temperature acquisition units. Of course, the BMS can also include State of Charge (SOC) signal acquisition devices and State of Health (SOH) signal acquisition devices, etc.

[0171] Taking the application of this battery pack in electric vehicles as an example, the power source can be a charging station or a motor controller, etc.

[0172] In practical applications, the BMS can collect data such as battery temperature and SOC, and generate relevant heating parameters based on this data, such as the current frequency and current amplitude mentioned above. These heating parameters can be sent to the power supply via a communication module, such as a signal line, to control the power supply to heat the battery according to these parameters.

[0173] According to some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another heating system used for heating the battery. This heating system may include a battery pack, a voltage conversion module, and an energy storage unit.

[0174] The functions of the battery pack and BMS were described in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0175] Energy storage units can be wind power energy storage units or solar energy storage units, etc. Alternatively, when battery packs are used in electric vehicles, energy storage units can also be various electronic components used for energy storage in electric vehicles.

[0176] The voltage conversion module can be used to convert the voltage output by the energy storage unit. The BMS can communicate with the voltage conversion module and control its operation based on defined heating parameters.

[0177] like Figure 11 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment also provides a battery heating device 1100, including: The first acquisition module 1101 is used to acquire the first temperature and the first state of charge of the battery. The first determining module 1102 is used to determine the first current frequency based on the first temperature, the first state of charge and a preset first data table. The first data table includes the correspondence between the first temperature, the first state of charge and the first current frequency under the first current amplitude condition. The first heating control module 1103 is used to heat the battery based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency.

[0178] According to some embodiments of this application, the number of first data tables is N, and the N first data tables are associated with N battery health statuses, where N is an integer greater than 1; The first determining module 1102 includes: The first acquisition unit is used to acquire the first health status of the battery; The first determining unit is used to determine a second data table associated with the first health level from N first data tables; The second determining unit is used to determine the first current frequency based on the first temperature, the first state of charge, and the second data table.

[0179] According to some embodiments of this application, the first heating control module 1103 includes: A first heating control unit is configured to heat the battery based on a first current amplitude and a first current frequency starting at a first moment. Accordingly, the battery heating device 1100 may also include: The first execution module is used to return to the step of obtaining the first temperature and first state of charge of the battery when the second time is reached, and the duration between the second time and the first time is equal to the first preset duration.

[0180] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery heating device 1100 may further include: The third acquisition module is used to determine the third current frequency based on the second current amplitude when the second current amplitude is acquired. The third current frequency is the safe current frequency for heating the battery under the condition of the second current amplitude. The third heating control module is used to heat the battery based on the larger value between the first current frequency and the third current frequency, and the second current amplitude.

[0181] like Figure 12 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment also provides a battery heating device 1200, including: The second acquisition module 1201 is used to acquire the second temperature and the second state of charge of the battery. The second determining module 1202 is used to determine the third current amplitude based on the second temperature, the second state of charge and a preset third data table. The third data table includes the correspondence between the second temperature, the second state of charge and the third current amplitude under the fourth current frequency condition. The second heating control module 1203 is used to heat the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude.

[0182] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery heating device 1200 may further include: The fourth acquisition module is used to acquire the battery's output voltage; The fourth heating control module is used to heat the battery based on a preset fifth current frequency and a third current amplitude when the output voltage is less than the voltage threshold. Accordingly, the second heating control module 1203 can be used to heat the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude when the output voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold. The fifth current frequency is greater than the fourth current frequency.

[0183] According to some embodiments of this application, the third current amplitude is the positive current amplitude; Accordingly, the second heating control module 1203 includes: The second heating control unit is used to heat the battery based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude.

[0184] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery heating device 1200 may further include: The fifth acquisition module is used to acquire the battery's output voltage; The fifth heating control module is used to heat the battery based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset second negative current amplitude when the output voltage is less than the voltage threshold. Accordingly, the second heating control module 1203 is used to heat the battery based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude when the output voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold. The amplitude of the first negative current is greater than the amplitude of the second negative current.

[0185] According to some embodiments of this application, the number of third data tables is M, and the M third data tables are associated with M battery health statuses, where M is an integer greater than 1; According to some embodiments of this application, the second determining module 1202 includes: The second acquisition unit is used to acquire the second health status of the battery; The third determining unit is used to determine the fourth data table associated with the second health status from the M third data tables; The fourth determining unit is used to determine the third current amplitude based on the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the fourth data table.

[0186] According to some embodiments of this application, the second heating control module 1203 includes: The third heating control unit is used to heat the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude starting at the third moment. Accordingly, the battery heating device 1200 may also include: The second execution module is used to return to the step of obtaining the second temperature and second state of charge of the battery when the fourth time is reached, and the duration between the fourth time and the third time is equal to the second preset duration.

[0187] It should be noted that this battery heating device is a device corresponding to the above-described battery heating method. All implementation methods in the above method embodiments are applicable to the embodiments of this device and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0188] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0189] An electronic device may include a processor 1301 and a memory 1302 storing computer program instructions.

[0190] Specifically, the processor 1301 may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits that can be configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0191] Memory 1302 may include mass storage for data or instructions. For example, and not limitingly, memory 1302 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), floppy disk drive, flash memory, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, magnetic tape, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, memory 1302 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, memory 1302 may be internal or external to the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a particular embodiment, memory 1302 is non-volatile solid-state memory.

[0192] Memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk storage media devices, optical storage media devices, flash memory devices, and electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage devices. Therefore, typically, memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the methods according to this disclosure.

[0193] The processor 1301 reads and executes computer program instructions stored in the memory 1302 to implement any of the battery heating methods in the above embodiments.

[0194] In one example, the electronic device may also include a communication interface 1304 and a bus 1304. For example, Figure 13 As shown, the processor 1301, memory 1302, and communication interface 1304 are connected through bus 1304 and complete communication with each other.

[0195] The communication interface 1304 is mainly used to realize communication between various modules, devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of this application.

[0196] Bus 1304 includes hardware, software, or both. For example, and not limitingly, the bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), HyperTransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an Infinite Bandwidth Interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Microchannel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses, or combinations of two or more of these. Where appropriate, bus 1304 may include one or more buses. Although specific buses are described and illustrated in embodiments of this application, any suitable bus or interconnect is contemplated herein.

[0197] Furthermore, in conjunction with the battery heating methods in the above embodiments, this application embodiment can provide a computer storage medium for implementation. This computer storage medium stores computer program instructions; when these computer program instructions are executed by a processor, they implement any of the battery heating methods in the above embodiments.

[0198] It should be clarified that this application is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of this application is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of this application.

[0199] The functional blocks shown in the above block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this application are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. Programs or code segments can be stored on a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried on a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, etc.

[0200] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe methods or systems based on a series of steps or apparatus. However, this application is not limited to the order of the above steps; that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0201] The aspects of this disclosure have been described above with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure. It should be understood that each block in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine such that these instructions, executable via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, enable the implementation of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Such a processor can be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor, or a field-programmable logic circuit. It is also understood that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can also be implemented by special-purpose hardware performing the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by a combination of special-purpose hardware and computer instructions.

[0202] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery heating method, comprising: The acquisition steps include acquiring the battery's first temperature and first state of charge. The determination step involves using a preset first data table containing the correspondence between the first temperature, the first state of charge, the first current amplitude, and the first current frequency to determine the first current frequency based on the conditions of the first temperature, the first state of charge, and the first current amplitude, where the first current amplitude is a predetermined fixed value. The heating step involves heating the battery based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first data table has N tables, and each of the N battery health statuses corresponds to one of the first data tables, where N is an integer greater than 1. The determining step includes: Obtain the first health status of the battery; Determine the second data table corresponding to the first health level from the N first data tables; The first current frequency is determined based on the first temperature, the first state of charge, and the second data table.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The heating step includes: Starting at the first moment, the battery is heated based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency; After heating the battery based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency, the method further includes: If the second time point is reached, return to the acquisition step, where the duration between the second time point and the first time point is equal to the first preset duration.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Following the determination step, the method further includes: Upon obtaining the second current amplitude, a third current frequency is determined based on the second current amplitude. The third current frequency is the safe current frequency for heating the battery under the condition of the second current amplitude. The battery is heated based on the larger value between the first current frequency and the third current frequency, and the second current amplitude.

5. A battery heating method, comprising: The acquisition steps include obtaining the battery's second temperature and second state of charge. The determination step involves using a preset third data table containing the correspondence between the second temperature, the second state of charge, the fourth current frequency, and the third current amplitude to determine the third current amplitude based on the conditions of the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the fourth current frequency, where the fourth current frequency is a predetermined fixed value. The heating step involves heating the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, Following the determination step, the method further includes: Obtain the output voltage of the battery; When the output voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on a preset fifth current frequency and the third current amplitude; Heating the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude includes: When the output voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude. The fifth current frequency is greater than the fourth current frequency.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The third current amplitude is the positive current amplitude; The heating step includes: The battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, Following the determination step, the method further includes: Obtain the output voltage of the battery; When the output voltage is less than the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset second negative current amplitude. Heating the battery based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude specifically includes: When the output voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency, the third current amplitude, and the preset first negative current amplitude. The amplitude of the first negative current is greater than the amplitude of the second negative current.

9. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The number of the third data tables is M, and there is one third data table for each of the M battery health statuses, where M is an integer greater than 1; The determining step includes: Obtain the second health status of the battery; Determine the fourth data table corresponding to the second health status from the M third data tables; The third current amplitude is determined based on the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the fourth data table.

10. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The heating step includes: Starting at the third moment, the battery is heated based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude; Following the heating step, the method further includes: If the fourth time point is reached, return to the acquisition step, where the duration between the fourth time point and the third time point is equal to the second preset duration.

11. A battery heating device, comprising: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the first temperature and the first state of charge of the battery. The first determining module is used to determine the first current frequency based on the conditions of the first temperature, the first state of charge, the first current amplitude, and the first current frequency using a preset first data table containing the correspondence between the first temperature, the first state of charge, the first current amplitude, and the first current frequency. The first current amplitude is a predetermined fixed value. A first heating control module is used to heat the battery based on the first current amplitude and the first current frequency.

12. A battery heating device, comprising: The second acquisition module is used to acquire the second temperature and the second state of charge of the battery. The second determining module is used to determine the third current amplitude based on the conditions of the second temperature, the second state of charge, and the fourth current frequency using a preset third data table containing the correspondence between the second temperature, the second state of charge, the fourth current frequency, and the third current amplitude. The fourth current frequency is a predetermined fixed value. The second heating control module is used to heat the battery based on the fourth current frequency and the third current amplitude.

13. An electronic device, comprising: Processor and memory storing computer program instructions; When the processor executes the computer program instructions, it implements the battery heating method as described in any one of claims 1-4, or the battery heating method as described in any one of claims 5-10.

14. A computer storage medium storing computer program instructions, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the battery heating method as described in any one of claims 1-4, or implement the battery heating method as described in any one of claims 5-10.

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