A pulse wave sensing acquisition system and method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of perception pulse condition acquisition system and method, it is related to pulse condition detection field;Tunable laser module is used to emit detection laser to the first optical signal acquisition module and FBG sensing module;First optical signal acquisition module is used to obtain reference optical signal according to detection laser and send to processing module;When force device exerts force to user calibration site, FBG sensing module is used to generate corresponding reflected light signal based on detection laser and user pulse signal;Second optical signal acquisition module is used to obtain reflected light signal;Processing module is used to obtain the change value of reflected light center wavelength according to reflected light signal and reference optical signal, and obtains corresponding pulse signal according to the change value of reflected light center wavelength.The application obtains reference optical signal and reflected light signal by emitting detection laser, to obtain the change value of reflected light center wavelength, and then obtains corresponding pulse signal, simplifies the difficulty of pulse acquisition signal and improves the universality of system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pulse detection, and more specifically, to a pulse sensing and acquisition system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Common pulse detection systems primarily utilize robotic arms to simulate manual pressure, employing two main methods: One method uses pressure sensors to measure pulse signals. These sensors include piezoelectric, piezoresistive, capacitive, and piezomagnetic pressure sensors. However, a front-end signal amplifier is generally required, which suffers from drawbacks such as significant temperature influence, overly complex back-end circuitry, and severe noise interference, affecting the accuracy of the data acquisition. The other method utilizes fiber optic sensing technology to detect and analyze pulse signals. This typically employs fiber optic sensors based on bent or special optical fibers. While these sensors offer high sensitivity, the commonly used fiber optic demodulation methods have a limited detection range in pulse detection applications, failing to meet the diverse pulse identification needs of various population groups at different depths (superficial, middle, and deep). Summary of the Invention

[0003] The problem addressed by this invention is how to simplify the difficulties in acquiring and analyzing pulse signals to a certain extent.

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention provides a pulse sensing acquisition system and method.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pulse sensing and acquisition system, comprising: a tunable laser module, a first optical signal acquisition module, a second optical signal acquisition module, a processing module, and an FBG sensing module. The tunable laser module is connected to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module, respectively. The FBG sensing module is connected to the second optical signal acquisition module. Both the first optical signal acquisition module and the second optical signal acquisition module are connected to the processing module. The processing module is connected to the tunable laser module. The FBG sensing module is mounted on a force application device, and the force application device is used to apply force to a user-calibrated part.

[0006] The tunable laser module is used to emit a detection laser to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module;

[0007] The first optical signal acquisition module is used to obtain a reference optical signal based on the detected laser and send it to the processing module;

[0008] When the force application device applies force to the user's calibrated part, the FBG sensing module is used to generate a reflected light signal corresponding to the user's pulse signal based on the detection laser.

[0009] The second optical signal acquisition module is used to acquire the reflected optical signal and send it to the processing module;

[0010] The processing module is used to obtain the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light based on the reflected light signal and the reference light signal, and to obtain the corresponding pulse signal based on the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light. (Reflected light center wavelength)

[0011] The pulse sensing system of this invention can apply force to the user's wrist using a force-applying device such as a constant-force mechanical rod. An FBG (Full-Fast Grip) sensor module can be installed on the force-applying head. Since the detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is transmitted to the FBG sensor module, when the FBG sensor module is pressed against the user's wrist by external force, it can detect the user's pulse. Because its grating length changes at this time, a reflected light signal is generated based on the detection laser, and the center wavelength of the reflected light changes with the pulse. This reflected light signal can be acquired by a second optical signal acquisition module and transmitted to a processing module. Additionally, the detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is transmitted to the first optical signal acquisition module to obtain a reference light signal. By analyzing the reflected light signal and the reference light signal through the processing module, the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light can be obtained, enabling rapid and accurate acquisition of the pulse signal. Furthermore, by adjusting the detection laser through the tunable laser module, the system can sensitively adjust the wavelength of the detection light, thereby improving the detection sensitivity of the pulse signal. The pulse sensing system of this invention has a rapid response capability, simplifying the difficulty of pulse acquisition to a certain extent.

[0012] Optionally, the pulse sensing acquisition system further includes a beam splitter and a circulator. The input port of the beam splitter is connected to the tunable laser module, and the output port of the beam splitter is connected to the first port of the circulator and the first optical signal acquisition module, respectively.

[0013] The beam splitter is used to send the detection laser from the tunable laser module to the first optical signal acquisition module and the circulator, respectively.

[0014] The second port of the circulator is connected to the FBG sensing module, and the third port of the circulator is connected to the second optical signal acquisition module. The second port of the circulator is used to transmit the reflected optical signal from the second port of the circulator to the second optical signal acquisition module through the third port of the circulator when the FBG sensing module generates the reflected optical signal.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides a pulse sensing acquisition method, applied to the aforementioned pulse sensing acquisition system, the pulse sensing acquisition method comprising:

[0016] A detection laser is emitted from a tunable laser module to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module;

[0017] The reference optical signal obtained from the detected laser is acquired through the first optical signal acquisition module;

[0018] When the force application device applies force to the user's calibrated part, the FBG sensing module generates a reflected light signal corresponding to the user's pulse based on the detection laser.

[0019] The reflected light signal is obtained through the second optical signal acquisition module;

[0020] The change in the center wavelength of the reflected light is obtained based on the reflected light signal and the reference light signal, and the corresponding pulse signal is obtained based on the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light.

[0021] The pulse sensing method described in this invention uses a force-applying device, such as a constant-force mechanical rod, to apply force to the user's wrist. An FBG (Full-Fast Grip) sensor module can be installed on the force-applying head. Since the detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is transmitted to the FBG sensor module, when the FBG sensor module is applied to the user's wrist by external force, it can detect the user's pulse. Because its grating length changes at this time, a reflected light signal is generated based on the detection laser. The center wavelength of the reflected light changes with the pulse signal. This reflected light signal can be acquired by a second optical signal acquisition module and transmitted to a processing module. Additionally, the detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is transmitted to the first optical signal acquisition module to obtain a reference light signal. By acquiring and analyzing the reflected light signal and the reference light signal through the processing module, the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light is obtained; thus, the pulse signal is acquired quickly and accurately. This method utilizes the collaborative work of a tunable laser module, a photoelectric detection module (first optical signal acquisition module and second optical signal acquisition module), an FBG sensing module, and a processing module to provide comprehensive pulse information with high accuracy and stability, thereby achieving accurate acquisition and analysis of pulse signals.

[0022] Optionally, obtaining the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light based on the reflected light signal and the reference light signal, and obtaining the corresponding pulse signal based on the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light, includes:

[0023] Demodulation operations are performed on the reference optical signal and the reflected optical signal;

[0024] The demodulation operation includes calculating the ratio of the reflected light signal to the reference light signal, using the ratio as the demodulation signal, which is used to reflect the vibration of the center wavelength of the reflected light.

[0025] The change in the center wavelength of the reflected light is obtained based on the vibration of the center wavelength of the reflected light;

[0026] The corresponding pulse signal is obtained based on the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light.

[0027] Optionally, the pulse sensing acquisition method further includes:

[0028] Based on the wavelength change of the detected laser, the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module is obtained by recursive least squares method, and the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module is predicted by MBPO algorithm.

[0029] The tunable laser module adjusts the emitted wavelength of the detection laser to the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope according to the MBPO algorithm.

[0030] Optionally, adjusting the emitted wavelength of the detection laser to the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope using the tunable laser module according to the MBPO algorithm includes:

[0031] S1: At the current preset time, the reflection spectrum slope of the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module is calculated by recursive least squares method using the output wavelength and demodulated signal, and is used as the state of the MBPO algorithm and input into the actor network;

[0032] S2: Based on the output of the actor network, obtain the emitted wavelength of the detection laser, and use the emitted wavelength of the detection laser as the action of the MBPO algorithm;

[0033] S3: Based on the emitted wavelength of the detected laser, obtain the state and immediate reward of the MBPO algorithm at the next preset time.

[0034] S4: Based on the actions and immediate rewards of the MBPO algorithm, obtain the value function of the state at the current preset time through the critic network;

[0035] S5: Update the emitted wavelength of the detected laser and the parameters of the actor network according to the value function;

[0036] S6: Repeat S1 to S5, and based on the emitted wavelength of the updated detection laser, finally obtain the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope.

[0037] Optionally, before adjusting the emitted wavelength of the detection laser to the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope according to the MBPO algorithm, the pulse sensing acquisition method further includes:

[0038] Initialize the parameters of the actor network and the critic network;

[0039] The step of updating the emitted wavelength of the detected laser and updating the parameters of the actor network according to the value function includes:

[0040] Based on the value function, the optimization function of the MBPO algorithm is obtained;

[0041] Update the parameters of the actor network and the critic network according to the optimization function;

[0042] Based on the updated parameters of the actor network and the critic network, the updated emission wavelength of the detection laser is obtained.

[0043] Optionally, the step of obtaining the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module based on the wavelength change of the detected laser using recursive least squares method, and predicting the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module using the MBPO algorithm, includes:

[0044] T1: The reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module corresponding to the emitted wavelength is obtained by using the recursive least squares method based on the wavelength change of the detected laser and the signal change collected by the processing module.

[0045] T2: Input the data sequence of the reflection spectrum slope into the actor network of the MBPO algorithm to obtain the output wavelength value of the tunable laser module at the next moment;

[0046] T3: Repeat T1-T2, calculate the reflection spectrum slope corresponding to the output wavelength of the tunable laser module based on the output wavelength value and demodulation signal, adjust the output wavelength of the tunable laser module to the output wavelength, and finally make the output wavelength reach the maximum value point of the reflection spectrum slope.

[0047] Optionally, the step of calculating the reflection spectrum slope corresponding to the output wavelength of the tunable laser module based on the output wavelength value and the demodulated signal includes:

[0048] Based on the linear model, the predicted value of the reflection spectrum slope and the residual at each preset time are obtained;

[0049] Based on the Kalman gain, the predicted value and the observed value of the reflection spectrum slope are weighted and averaged to obtain the estimated value of the emitted wavelength of the reflection spectrum slope.

[0050] Based on the estimated emitted wavelength, update the parameter vector and covariance matrix of the linear model;

[0051] Once the parameter vector and the covariance matrix meet the preset requirements, the estimated value of the emitted wavelength of the reflection spectrum slope corresponding to the parameter vector and the covariance matrix is ​​used as the filtered reflection spectrum slope.

[0052] Optionally, the pulse sensing acquisition method further includes:

[0053] When the position of the emitted wavelength and the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the next preset time is less than a preset error, the action of updating the MBPO algorithm is completed.

[0054] The action of the current MBPO algorithm is used as the adjusted output wavelength. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is one of the structural block diagrams of the pulse sensing acquisition system described in this invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is the second structural block diagram of the pulse sensing acquisition system described in this invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is one of the flowcharts for the pulse perception acquisition method described in this invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is the second flowchart of the pulse perception acquisition method described in this invention;

[0059] Figure 5 This is the third flowchart of the pulse perception acquisition method described in this invention;

[0060] Figure 6 This is the fourth flowchart of the pulse perception acquisition method described in this invention;

[0061] Figure 7 This is the fifth flowchart of the pulse perception acquisition method described in this invention;

[0062] Figure 8 This is the sixth flowchart of the pulse perception acquisition method described in this invention;

[0063] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram simulating the search for the maximum / minimum value of the algorithm in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0064] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0065] Firstly, combining Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a pulse sensing acquisition system, comprising: a tunable laser module, a first optical signal acquisition module, a second optical signal acquisition module, a processing module, and an FBG sensing module. The tunable laser module is connected to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module, respectively. The FBG sensing module is connected to the second optical signal acquisition module. Both the first and second optical signal acquisition modules are connected to the processing module. The processing module is connected to the tunable laser module. The FBG sensing module is mounted on a force application device, which is used to apply force to a user-calibrated area.

[0066] Specifically, in combination Figure 1 As shown, the tunable laser module is connected to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module, respectively. The FBG sensing module is connected to the second optical signal acquisition module. Both the first and second optical signal acquisition modules are connected to the processing module, which in turn is connected to the tunable laser module. The FBG sensing module is mounted on a force application device used to apply force to a user-calibrated area. The photoelectric detection module can be a photodetector, and the FBG sensing module can be an FBG optical fiber. The sensitive FBG optical fiber encapsulated in PDMS enhances the sensor's sensitivity. The principle is that the flexibility of PDMS material allows the sensor, i.e., the FBG optical fiber, to better conform to the arm surface, thereby increasing the contact area between the FBG sensor (FBG optical fiber) and the arm, and improving signal sensitivity. Furthermore, PDMS has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, protecting the FBG sensor (FBG optical fiber) from external environmental interference. Through the coordinated operation of the tunable laser module and the optical signal acquisition module, this system can achieve high-precision pulse measurement, accurately monitoring and analyzing changes in the pulse signal. The first optical signal acquisition module and the second optical signal acquisition module can capture and transmit the detection laser (optical signal) emitted by the tunable laser module. By adjusting the wavelength of the tunable laser module (tunable laser), the system can achieve sensitive detection of pulse signals at different wavelengths. The data acquisition module can receive and process the optical signals acquired from the first and second optical signal acquisition modules in real time, enabling rapid acquisition of pulse signal change information under high real-time requirements. Furthermore, the pulse sensing acquisition system of this invention uses optical signal transmission and detection, and also has strong anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities. The optical signal comes from the reflected light intensity of the FBG optical fiber, and the system is connected via optical fiber, reducing the impact of signal attenuation and distortion.

[0067] FBG fiber (Fiber Bragg Grating fiber) is a type of fiber with a grating structure. When the grating fiber is subjected to pressure or temperature changes, the length of the grating period changes, resulting in a change in the center wavelength of the reflected light. By detecting the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light, the magnitude of the pressure can be inferred.

[0068] The tunable laser module is used to emit detection laser to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module.

[0069] Specifically, the tunable laser module emits a detection laser, and the detection signal is transmitted along the optical fiber to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module.

[0070] The first optical signal acquisition module is used to obtain a reference optical signal based on the detected laser and send it to the processing module.

[0071] Specifically, the second optical signal acquisition module receives the reference optical signal reflected back by the detection laser through the FBG optical fiber and sends it to the data acquisition module.

[0072] When the force-applying device applies force to the user's calibrated area, the FBG sensing module is used to generate a reflected light signal corresponding to the user's pulse signal based on the detection laser.

[0073] Specifically, the FBG sensing module can be an FBG optical fiber, and the force application device can be a constant-force mechanical rod. The sensitive FBG optical fiber encapsulated in PDMS can enhance the sensitivity of the sensor, and the constant-force mechanical rod is encapsulated together. The principle is that the flexibility of PDMS material allows the sensor, i.e., the FBG optical fiber, to better conform to the surface of the arm. When the FBG optical fiber is subjected to pressure or strain, the detection laser reaches the second optical signal acquisition module through the FBG sensing module. The second optical signal acquisition module obtains the reflected light signal corresponding to the pulse based on the detected laser and sends it to the processing module. In some preferred embodiments, the processing module may include a main control PC and a data acquisition module. The main control PC is connected to both the data acquisition module and the tunable laser module. The data acquisition module is used to send the pulse signal to the main control PC, and the main control PC sends wavelength tuning information commands to the tunable laser module. The data acquisition module can be a data acquisition card.

[0074] The second optical signal acquisition module is used to acquire the reflected optical signal and send it to the processing module.

[0075] Specifically, the second optical signal acquisition module is connected to the processing module. After acquiring the reflected light signal, the second optical signal acquisition module sends the signal to the processing module for subsequent processing.

[0076] The processing module is used to obtain the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light based on the reflected light signal and the reference light signal, and to obtain the corresponding pulse signal based on the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light.

[0077] Specifically, in the processing module, demodulation is performed using a reference light signal and a reflected light signal. The ratio of the reflected light signal to the reference light signal is calculated as the demodulated signal. Since the pulse vibration causes a change in the center wavelength of the FBG reflection spectrum, this ultimately leads to a change in the demodulated signal. Therefore, the demodulated signal can reflect the vibration of the center wavelength of the reflected light. Based on the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light, the corresponding pulse signal can be obtained. The tunable laser module emits the detection laser, the first optical signal acquisition module receives the reference light signal, the second optical signal acquisition module receives the reflected light signal, and the processing module demodulates the center wavelength of the reflected light to obtain the corresponding pulse signal.

[0078] The pulse sensing system of this invention can apply force to the user's wrist using a force-applying device such as a constant-force mechanical rod. An FBG (Full-Fast Grip) sensor module can be installed on the force-applying head. Since the detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is transmitted to the FBG sensor module, when the FBG sensor module is pressed against the user's wrist by external force, it can detect the user's pulse. Because its grating length changes at this time, a reflected light signal is generated based on the detection laser, and the center wavelength of the reflected light changes with the pulse. This reflected light signal can be acquired by a second optical signal acquisition module and transmitted to a processing module. Additionally, the detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is transmitted to the first optical signal acquisition module to obtain a reference light signal. By analyzing the reflected light signal and the reference light signal through the processing module, the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light can be obtained, enabling rapid and accurate acquisition of the pulse signal. Furthermore, by adjusting the detection laser through the tunable laser module, the system can sensitively adjust the wavelength of the detection light, thereby improving the detection sensitivity of the pulse signal. The pulse sensing system of this invention has a rapid response capability, simplifying the difficulty of pulse acquisition to a certain extent.

[0079] Optionally, combined Figure 2 As shown, the pulse sensing acquisition system also includes a beam splitter and a circulator. The input port of the beam splitter is connected to the tunable laser module, and the output port of the beam splitter is connected to the first port of the circulator and the first optical signal acquisition module, respectively.

[0080] The beam splitter is used to send the detection laser from the tunable laser module to the first optical signal acquisition module and the circulator, respectively.

[0081] The second port of the circulator is connected to the FBG sensing module, and the third port of the circulator is connected to the second optical signal acquisition module. The second port of the circulator is used to transmit the reflected optical signal from the second port of the circulator to the second optical signal acquisition module through the third port of the circulator when the FBG sensing module generates the reflected optical signal.

[0082] Specifically, in combination Figure 2 As shown, the circulator has three ports: port 1, port 2, and port 3. The detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is input to port 1, then transmitted as reflected light through the FBG fiber at port 2, and finally transmitted to the second optical signal acquisition module at port 3. In this embodiment, the 1-to-2 fiber optic beam splitter is an optical device used to split the input optical signal into two outputs. The light from the light source input is split into two paths: one path is input to port 1 of the circulator, and the other path is input to the first photodetector. The photodetector is a device that converts optical signals into electrical signals; it receives the optical signal transmitted from port 3 and converts it into a reflected optical signal.

[0083] In this embodiment, the FBG sensing module, connected to the circulator, achieves pressure measurement; enabling the system to simultaneously acquire reflected light signals from different channels and perform multi-parameter comprehensive analysis, improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the measurement. The beam splitter routes the detection laser signal emitted by the tunable laser module to the first optical signal acquisition module and the circulator, achieving signal separation and distribution; the system can simultaneously acquire reference and reflected light signals, facilitating signal acquisition and subsequent processing. Furthermore, by using the beam splitter and circulator, the input signal is divided into two output signals, which are then transmitted to different paths. The circulator can output the input signal from different output ports. By using the beam splitter and circulator, the input signal can be separated into multiple output signals and transmitted to different paths, achieving independent signal processing and routing. Routing, in a computer network, refers to the process of sending required data from a source host to a target host; this improves the efficiency and accuracy of data acquisition.

[0084] Optionally, the pulse sensing acquisition system may also include the constant force mechanical rod mentioned above. In some preferred embodiments, the pulse signal at different depths can be obtained by adjusting the pressure applied by the constant force mechanical rod. While matching the signal demodulation of the tunable laser, the constant force mechanical rod can be set to specifically obtain the pulse signal of the superficial, middle or deep layers by setting different pressures. Compared with the current strap-on blood pressure cuff structure, it is more flexible and can realize the graded application of force for pulse diagnosis through the pressure sensor force negative feedback servo control.

[0085] In some preferred embodiments, during pulse acquisition, the wrist is first placed under the front end of the mechanical device. The force applied by the constant force mechanical lever is set by selecting the pulse acquisition depth (e.g., approximately 60g for superficial pulses and approximately 200g for deep pulses). The detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is transmitted to the FBG sensing module. When the FBG sensing module is pressed against the user's wrist by external force, it detects the user's pulse. Since its grating length changes at this time, a reflected light signal is generated based on the detection laser. The center wavelength of the reflected light changes with the pulse. This reflected light signal is acquired by the second optical signal acquisition module and transmitted to the processing module. Additionally, the detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is transmitted to the first optical signal acquisition module to obtain a reference light signal. The processing module analyzes the reflected light signal and the reference light signal to obtain the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light, enabling rapid and accurate acquisition of the pulse signal.

[0086] Secondly, combining Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a pulse sensing acquisition method, applied to the pulse sensing acquisition system described above, the pulse sensing acquisition method comprising:

[0087] A detection laser is emitted from a tunable laser module to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module;

[0088] The reference optical signal obtained from the detected laser is acquired through the first optical signal acquisition module;

[0089] When the force application device applies force to the user's calibrated part, the FBG sensing module generates a reflected light signal corresponding to the user's pulse based on the detection laser.

[0090] The reflected light signal is obtained through the second optical signal acquisition module;

[0091] The change in the center wavelength of the reflected light is obtained based on the reflected light signal and the reference light signal, and the corresponding pulse signal is obtained based on the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light.

[0092] Specifically, the pulse wave sensing acquisition method is applied to the aforementioned pulse wave sensing acquisition system. A tunable laser module emits detection lasers, which are split into two paths and sent to a first optical signal acquisition module and an FBG sensing module, respectively. The first optical signal acquisition module receives and analyzes the detection lasers to obtain a reference optical signal. The reference optical signal is a constant optical signal used for subsequent data demodulation and analysis. This reference optical signal is then sent to the FBG processing module. The FBG processing module is connected to a second optical signal acquisition module, which receives and analyzes the detection lasers. When a force application device applies force to the user's calibrated area, the FBG sensing module generates a reflected optical signal corresponding to the user's pulse wave based on the detection laser, thus obtaining the reflected optical signal. This reflected optical signal is the light reflected by the FBG fiber optic FBG sensing module under the influence of pulse vibration, containing pulse-related information; this reflected optical signal is then sent to the processing module. The FBG processing module uses a reference light signal and a reflected light signal for demodulation, specifically calculating the ratio of the reflected light signal to the reference light signal as the demodulated signal. Since pulse vibrations cause changes in the center wavelength of the reflected light, this ultimately leads to a change in the demodulated signal, which reflects the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light. Based on this change in the center wavelength of the reflected light, the corresponding pulse signal can be obtained. The tunable laser module emits a detection laser, the first optical signal acquisition module receives the reference light signal, and the second optical signal acquisition module receives the reflected light signal. The processing module demodulates the center wavelength of the reflected light to obtain the corresponding pulse signal. The pulse signal represents the morphology and changes of the pulse, containing information such as pulse frequency, amplitude, and waveform. This information can be used for pulse analysis, disease diagnosis, and health monitoring.

[0093] The pulse sensing method described in this invention uses a force-applying device, such as a constant-force mechanical rod, to apply force to the user's wrist. An FBG (Full-Fast Grip) sensor module can be installed on the force-applying head. Since the detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is transmitted to the FBG sensor module, when the FBG sensor module is applied to the user's wrist by external force, it can detect the user's pulse. Because its grating length changes at this time, a reflected light signal is generated based on the detection laser. The center wavelength of the reflected light changes with the pulse. This reflected light signal can be acquired by a second optical signal acquisition module and transmitted to a processing module. Additionally, the detection laser emitted by the tunable laser module is transmitted to the first optical signal acquisition module to obtain a reference light signal. By acquiring and analyzing the reflected light signal and the reference light signal through the processing module, the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light is obtained; thus, the pulse signal is acquired quickly and accurately. This method utilizes the collaborative work of a tunable laser module, a photoelectric detection module (first optical signal acquisition module and second optical signal acquisition module), an FBG sensing module, and a processing module to provide comprehensive pulse information with high accuracy and stability, thereby achieving accurate acquisition and analysis of pulse signals.

[0094] Optionally, obtaining the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light based on the reflected light signal and the reference light signal, and obtaining the corresponding pulse signal based on the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light, includes:

[0095] Demodulation operations are performed on the reference optical signal and the reflected optical signal;

[0096] The demodulation operation includes calculating the ratio of the reflected light signal to the reference light signal, using the ratio as the demodulation signal, which is used to reflect the vibration of the center wavelength of the reflected light.

[0097] The change in the center wavelength of the reflected light is obtained based on the vibration of the center wavelength of the reflected light;

[0098] The corresponding pulse signal is obtained based on the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light.

[0099] Specifically, in combination Figure 4 As shown, in the processing module, demodulation is performed using a reference light signal and a reflected light signal. Specifically, the ratio of the reflected light signal to the reference light signal is calculated as the demodulated signal. Since the pulse vibration causes a change in the center wavelength of the reflected light from the FBG, this ultimately leads to a change in the demodulated signal. Therefore, the demodulated signal can reflect the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light. Based on the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light, the corresponding pulse signal can be obtained. The tunable laser module is used to emit the detection laser, the first optical signal acquisition module is used to receive the reference light signal, and the second optical signal acquisition module is used to receive the reflected light signal. The processing module demodulates the center wavelength of the reflected light and obtains the corresponding pulse signal.

[0100] In this embodiment, the processing module analyzes the reflected light signal and the reference light signal to obtain the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light, thereby enabling the rapid and accurate acquisition of the pulse signal.

[0101] Optionally, the pulse sensing acquisition method further includes:

[0102] Based on the wavelength change of the detected laser, the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module is obtained by recursive least squares method, and the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module is predicted by MBPO algorithm.

[0103] The tunable laser module adjusts the emitted wavelength of the detection laser to the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope according to the MBPO algorithm.

[0104] Specifically, the FBG sensing module can detect changes in the wavelength of the laser by measuring pulse changes. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the FBG sensing module can perform pulse sensing using a fiber optic system composed of sensitive FBG sensors encapsulated in PDMS. The PDMS encapsulation enhances the sensitivity of the FBG sensor, and the constant-force mechanical rod allows for adjustable pressure, accommodating pulse measurements for individuals of different body types. Furthermore, PDMS possesses excellent wear and corrosion resistance, protecting the FBG sensor from external environmental interference. The recursive least squares method is used to handle data noise and interference. By recursively performing least squares operations at each time step, a slope estimate is obtained. This effectively reduces the impact of noise and interference and avoids instability and inaccuracy caused by overfitting. The key to the recursive least squares method lies in processing the covariance matrix to reflect changes in data and uncertainty. By utilizing the MBPO algorithm's stable operation (i.e., adjusting the emitted wavelength), the most likely location of the maximum reflection spectrum slope is calculated. The emitted wavelength of the detection laser is then adjusted to the wavelength position corresponding to the maximum reflection spectrum slope. Based on the calculated reflectance slope, the emitted wavelength of the detection laser is adjusted to achieve this maximum slope. The emitted wavelength is used as a variable, and the wavelength is adjusted according to the slope's changing trend to find the wavelength position that maximizes the slope. The photoelectric detection module receives the light signal reflected back from the detected object. These light signals may contain information about the pulse, as the pulsation of blood in the skin causes periodic changes in the reflected light intensity. The received light signals are then processed to extract the pulse signal.

[0105] In some preferred embodiments, a tunable laser source (i.e., a tunable laser module) serves as the system's light source, generating lasers of different wavelengths; and is connected to a beam splitter; the beam splitter is used to transmit part of the optical signal from the tunable laser to a photodetector; a PDMS & FBG sensor (i.e., an FBG sensing module) is used to detect pulse signals; a circulator is used to connect the tunable laser source and the FBG, and simultaneously transmits the reflected light from the FBG to the photodetector; wherein, FBG (Bragg grating fiber) fiber is a structure with periodic refractive index changes formed in an optical fiber, used to selectively reflect specific wavelengths of optical fiber. The photodetector is used to collect light signals and convert their intensity information into electrical signals. The data acquisition module mainly consists of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a data acquisition section. The ADC samples the analog signal generated by the photodetector and converts it into a digital signal, while the data acquisition section collects the digital signal and stores it as an array in the host computer. The pulse waveform display and laser control are implemented on a computer, i.e., the main control PC. It interacts with the data acquisition module via serial communication to read the converted light signal information, decodes the information to obtain the pulse intensity signal, and continuously samples to obtain waveform information. Then, it processes the obtained intensity signal using an MBPO-based algorithm and recursive least squares method to determine the next wavelength tuning position of the laser. The command is then transmitted to the laser via serial communication, thus achieving tunable laser control. Simultaneously, during pulse acquisition, a suitable constant force needs to be applied to the arm. However, there is currently no miniaturized constant force output device. Only scientific experimental instruments such as "push-pull force gauges" and some large industrial equipment exist. In this embodiment, a feedback control system is employed to feed back the pressure collected by the thin-film pressure sensor to the motor applying the force, thereby adjusting it to a suitable constant force for output. Furthermore, the constant force mechanical rod in this embodiment has a large working range, capable of accommodating pulse measurement for people of different body types.

[0106] The pulse acquisition method of this invention involves an adjustable laser module emitting a detection laser to an FBG sensing module. The FBG sensing module monitors the wavelength change of the detection laser, while a photodetector uses recursive least squares to determine the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current laser emission wavelength. Since the maximum reflection spectrum slope corresponds to the optimal position for pulse signal detection, determining the wavelength position of the maximum reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module allows for the extraction of a high-precision pulse signal. Furthermore, the pulse signal will show a significant change, improving the sensitivity of pulse signal detection. The MBPO algorithm is then used to adjust the emission wavelength. Because the MBPO algorithm finds the optimal adjustment strategy through multiple iterations, the accuracy and efficiency of emission wavelength adjustment are improved.

[0107] Optionally, adjusting the emitted wavelength of the detection laser to the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope using the tunable laser module according to the MBPO algorithm includes:

[0108] S1: At the current preset time, the reflection spectrum slope of the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module is calculated by recursive least squares method using the output wavelength and demodulated signal, and is used as the state of the MBPO algorithm and input into the actor network;

[0109] S2: Based on the output of the actor network, obtain the emitted wavelength of the detection laser, and use the emitted wavelength of the detection laser as the action of the MBPO algorithm;

[0110] S3: Based on the emitted wavelength of the detected laser, obtain the state and immediate reward of the MBPO algorithm at the next preset time.

[0111] S4: Based on the actions and immediate rewards of the MBPO algorithm, obtain the value function of the state at the current preset time through the critic network;

[0112] S5: Update the emitted wavelength of the detected laser and the parameters of the actor network according to the value function;

[0113] S6: Repeat S1 to S5, and based on the emitted wavelength of the updated detection laser, finally obtain the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope.

[0114] Specifically, in combination Figure 5 As shown, at the current preset time, the tunable laser module inputs the emitted wavelength and the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module (FBG sensor) as the state of the MBPO algorithm into the actor network; that is, the current emitted wavelength and reflection spectrum slope are used as input to obtain the output of the actor network; based on the output of the actor network, the new emitted wavelength of the tunable laser module (DFB laser) is obtained and used as the action of the MBPO algorithm; thus, the actor network generates a new emitted wavelength value as an adjustment action; based on the new emitted wavelength of the DFB laser, the state of the MBPO algorithm and the instant reward at the next preset time are obtained; then, based on the action of the MBPO algorithm and the instant reward, the value function of the current preset time state is obtained through the critic network; based on the value function, the emitted wavelength of the detected laser and the parameters of the actor network are updated, and the above steps are repeated. Based on the updated emitted wavelength of the detected laser, the wavelength position of the maximum reflection spectrum slope is finally obtained.

[0115] In this embodiment, at each time t (i.e., the current preset time), an actor-critic framework is used, where the actor network is used to output control actions, and the critic network is used to estimate the value function of the current state. By training the actor network and the critic network, the actor network can output the optimal control actions, and the critic network can accurately estimate the value function of the current state, update the output wavelength of the DFB laser, and thus obtain the wavelength position that maximizes the slope.

[0116] Optionally, before adjusting the emitted wavelength of the detection laser to the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope according to the MBPO algorithm, the pulse sensing acquisition method further includes:

[0117] Initialize the parameters of the actor network and the critic network;

[0118] The step of updating the emitted wavelength of the detected laser and updating the parameters of the actor network according to the value function includes:

[0119] Based on the value function, the optimization function of the MBPO algorithm is obtained;

[0120] Update the parameters of the actor network and the critic network according to the optimization function;

[0121] Based on the updated parameters of the actor network and the critic network, the updated emission wavelength of the detection laser is obtained.

[0122] Specifically, in combination Figure 6 As shown, before training begins, the actor network and critic network are initialized, and initial parameters are set. Updating the output wavelength of the DFB laser according to the value function involves: measuring the value of the current state using the value function; obtaining the value function value of the current state by inputting it into the critic network; using the obtained value function value as the optimization function of the MBPO algorithm, where the goal of the optimization function is to make the predicted value function value consistent with the actual immediate reward; then updating the parameters of the actor network and critic network according to the optimization function; finally, using the updated actor network parameters, the new output wavelength of the DFB laser is obtained.

[0123] In some preferred embodiments, the MBPO algorithm specifically includes: initializing the parameters of the actor network and the critic network; at each time t, using the actor network to output the current state s. tControl action a t And perform the action to obtain the next state s. t+1 and instant rewards t Use a critic network to estimate the value function V(st) of the current state, and calculate the advantage function A(s). t ,a t Using A(s) t ,a t Update the parameters of actor and critic to enable the actor network to output better control actions and the critic network to estimate the value function more accurately; repeat the above steps until the termination condition is met.

[0124] In this embodiment, the output wavelength of the DFB laser can be continuously updated through the above steps to optimize its performance and adapt to current environmental conditions.

[0125] Optionally, the step of obtaining the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module based on the wavelength change of the detected laser using recursive least squares method, and predicting the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module using the MBPO algorithm, includes:

[0126] T1: The reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module corresponding to the emitted wavelength is obtained by using the recursive least squares method based on the wavelength change of the detected laser and the signal change collected by the processing module.

[0127] T2: Input the data sequence of the reflection spectrum slope into the actor network of the MBPO algorithm to obtain the output wavelength value of the tunable laser module at the next moment;

[0128] T3: Repeat T1-T2, calculate the reflection spectrum slope corresponding to the output wavelength of the tunable laser module based on the output wavelength value and demodulation signal, adjust the output wavelength of the tunable laser module to the output wavelength, and finally make the output wavelength reach the maximum value point of the reflection spectrum slope.

[0129] Specifically, in combination Figure 7As shown, the processing module uses recursive least squares to obtain the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensor module corresponding to the emitted wavelength based on the wavelength change of the detected laser and the signal change collected by the processing module. It calculates the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensor based on the adjusted emitted wavelength, and then inputs the data sequence of the reflection spectrum slope into the actor network in the MBPO algorithm to obtain the output wavelength value of the tunable laser module at the next moment. The above steps are repeated. Based on the output wavelength value and the demodulated signal, the reflection spectrum slope corresponding to the emitted wavelength of the tunable laser module is calculated, and the emitted wavelength of the tunable laser module is adjusted to the emitted wavelength, so that the emitted wavelength reaches the maximum point of the reflection spectrum slope.

[0130] Specifically, this involves: calculating the reflection spectrum slope at the current laser emission wavelength using recursive least squares based on the adjusted emission wavelength and the signal obtained from the processing module (which includes a data acquisition card). The data represents the variation in the reflection spectrum at different emission wavelengths, i.e., the variation in the laser emission wavelength and the signal from the data acquisition card; the former represents the change in reflection spectrum wavelength, and the latter represents the change in reflection spectrum intensity. A linear model is then fitted using the obtained reflection spectrum slope data sequence. This linear model can be obtained using least squares or other regression methods, and it describes the reflection spectrum tangent near the current laser emission wavelength. Based on the parameter estimates of the linear model, a slope estimate is calculated, providing data input for subsequent MBPO iterations to find the maximum slope.

[0131] In this embodiment, through the above process, the corresponding reflection spectrum slope can be calculated using the adjusted output wavelength, and then a linear model can be constructed and iterated in the MBPO algorithm. Ultimately, the laser output wavelength will continuously approach the maximum value of the FBG sensor reflection spectrum slope, where the maximum value represents the most sensitive region of the FBG sensor under the adjusted output wavelength.

[0132] Optionally, the step of calculating the reflection spectrum slope corresponding to the output wavelength of the tunable laser module based on the output wavelength value and the demodulated signal includes:

[0133] Based on the linear model, the predicted value of the reflection spectrum slope and the residual at each preset time are obtained;

[0134] Based on the Kalman gain, the predicted value and the observed value of the reflection spectrum slope are weighted and averaged to obtain the estimated value of the emitted wavelength of the reflection spectrum slope.

[0135] Based on the estimated emitted wavelength, update the parameter vector and covariance matrix of the linear model;

[0136] Once the parameter vector and the covariance matrix meet the preset requirements, the estimated value of the emitted wavelength of the reflection spectrum slope corresponding to the parameter vector and the covariance matrix is ​​used as the filtered reflection spectrum slope.

[0137] Specifically, in combination Figure 8 As shown, the process of filtering the parameter estimates of the reflection spectrum slope based on the linear model includes: using the linear model to predict the reflection spectrum slope at a preset time and calculating the residual between the predicted value and the actual observed value. The predicted value can be obtained by substituting the linear model into the input data at the preset time. The predicted value and the actual observed value are weighted and averaged using Kalman gain to obtain the estimated value of the reflection spectrum slope. The Kalman gain is determined by considering the covariance relationship between the predicted and observed values ​​to determine the weighting ratio. Based on the estimated value, the parameter vector and covariance matrix of the linear model are updated. In this embodiment, by considering new observations, the Kalman filtering algorithm is used to adjust the model's parameter vector and covariance matrix to improve the accuracy of the estimation. When the parameter vector and covariance matrix meet preset requirements, the corresponding estimated value of the reflection spectrum slope is considered the filtered reflection spectrum slope. The preset requirements can be certain convergence criteria, such as reaching a stable state or a small change within the error range.

[0138] In this embodiment, the parameter estimates of the reflection spectrum slope can be filtered using a linear model and a Kalman filter algorithm to obtain more accurate estimates; these estimates can be used as the final filtered reflection spectrum slope for further analysis and application.

[0139] Optionally, the pulse sensing acquisition method further includes:

[0140] When the position of the emitted wavelength and the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the next preset time is less than a preset error, the action of updating the MBPO algorithm is completed.

[0141] The action of the current MBPO algorithm is used as the adjusted output wavelength.

[0142] Specifically, this includes: each time the MBPO algorithm updates parameters and actions, recording the emitted wavelength value at the current preset time and calculating the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensor corresponding to that emitted wavelength value; when the next preset time arrives, recalculating the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensor corresponding to the emitted wavelength and comparing it with the slope recorded in the previous step; if the maximum values ​​of the two slopes coincide, that is, the position where the reflection spectrum slope reaches its maximum value matches the emitted wavelength at the current preset time, then further updates to the actions are stopped; the current MBPO algorithm action is used as the adjusted emitted wavelength, that is, the emitted wavelength recorded in the previous step is used as the final result.

[0143] In this embodiment, the above process ensures that when the preset time is reached, the emitted wavelength coincides with the position of the maximum slope of the FBG sensor's reflection spectrum, and the emitted wavelength at this time is taken as the final result, stopping further updates to the action.

[0144] Optionally, obtaining the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module corresponding to the emitted wavelength based on the wavelength change of the detected laser and the signal change acquired by the processing module includes:

[0145] The adjusted emitted wavelength is converted into the reflection spectrum slope using the recursive least squares method.

[0146] Specifically, the adjusted emitted wavelength is converted into the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensor using the recursive least squares method. The recursive least squares method is an iterative method used to fit data and estimate model parameters. First, initial reflection spectrum slope estimates and associated initial covariance matrices are set. For each adjusted emitted wavelength, the following iterative steps are performed: Step 1: Calculate the predicted reflected light intensity corresponding to the emitted wavelength based on the current reflection spectrum slope estimate; Step 2: Calculate the observation residual, i.e., the difference between the actual reflected light intensity and the predicted reflected light intensity; Step 3: Update the reflection spectrum slope estimate and covariance matrix using the formula of the recursive least squares method; Step 4: Repeat steps 1 to 3 until the convergence condition is met. The convergence condition can be set to reach the maximum number of iterations or a small change within the error range. After all adjusted emitted wavelengths have undergone the above iterative steps, the corresponding FBG sensor reflection spectrum slope estimate is obtained.

[0147] In some preferred embodiments, the slope estimate obtained by recursive least squares is used as a reward to encourage the actor's decision-making to make the emitted wavelength converge to the vicinity of the emitted wavelength sampling point corresponding to the maximum slope. This reward-based learning method can learn the optimal decision more quickly and achieve better control.

[0148] Algorithm for finding the maximum / minimum value: Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents the number of training iterations, and the vertical axis represents the return value for locating the maximum / minimum value. This image demonstrates that the algorithm of this invention can adaptively obtain the maximum / minimum slope value of the current system in a short time and maintains the same excellent performance in subsequent training for obtaining the maximum / minimum slope value. Furthermore, the recursive least squares method plays an important role in this invention, converting the input time-series light intensity signal into a light intensity slope value, which serves as the basis for reward calculation. The advantage of the recursive least squares method is that it can not only effectively reduce the influence of noise and interference but also avoid instability and inaccuracy caused by overfitting. This allows for a more accurate estimation of the relationship between light wavelength and slope, thus better guiding actor decision-making.

[0149] In this embodiment, the slope of the reflection spectrum of the FBG sensor can be estimated by using the adjusted output wavelength through the iterative process of recursive least squares. This allows for gradual optimization of the estimated value and takes into account measurement errors and dynamic changes in the model, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the reflection spectrum slope.

[0150] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pulse sensing and acquisition system, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a tunable laser module, a first optical signal acquisition module, a second optical signal acquisition module, a processing module, and an FBG sensing module. The tunable laser module is connected to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module, respectively. The FBG sensing module is connected to the second optical signal acquisition module. Both the first and second optical signal acquisition modules are connected to the processing module, which is also connected to the tunable laser module. The FBG sensing module is mounted on a force application device, which is used to apply force to a user-calibrated part. The tunable laser module is used to emit a detection laser to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module; The first optical signal acquisition module is used to obtain a reference optical signal based on the detected laser and send it to the processing module; When the force application device applies force to the user's calibrated part, the FBG sensing module is used to generate a reflected light signal corresponding to the user's pulse signal based on the detection laser. The second optical signal acquisition module is used to acquire the reflected optical signal and send it to the processing module; The processing module is used to obtain the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light based on the reflected light signal and the reference light signal, and to obtain the corresponding pulse signal based on the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light. The processing module is further configured to obtain the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module by means of the recursive least squares method based on the wavelength change of the detected laser, and predict the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module by means of the MBPO algorithm. The tunable laser module adjusts the emitted wavelength of the detection laser to the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope according to the MBPO algorithm.

2. The pulse perception acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse sensing acquisition system also includes a beam splitter and a circulator. The input port of the beam splitter is connected to the tunable laser module, and the output port of the beam splitter is connected to the first port of the circulator and the first optical signal acquisition module, respectively. The beam splitter is used to send the detection laser from the tunable laser module to the first optical signal acquisition module and the circulator, respectively. The second port of the circulator is connected to the FBG sensing module, and the third port of the circulator is connected to the second optical signal acquisition module. The second port of the circulator is used to transmit the reflected optical signal from the second port of the circulator to the second optical signal acquisition module through the third port of the circulator when the FBG sensing module generates the reflected optical signal.

3. A method for sensing and collecting pulse patterns, characterized in that, The pulse sensing acquisition system according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the pulse sensing acquisition method comprises: A detection laser is emitted from a tunable laser module to the first optical signal acquisition module and the FBG sensing module; The reference optical signal obtained from the detected laser is acquired through the first optical signal acquisition module; When the force application device applies force to the user's calibrated part, the FBG sensing module generates a reflected light signal corresponding to the user's pulse based on the detection laser. The reflected light signal is obtained through the second optical signal acquisition module; The change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light is obtained based on the reflected light signal and the reference light signal, and the corresponding pulse signal is obtained based on the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light. Based on the wavelength change of the detected laser, the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module is obtained by recursive least squares method, and the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module is predicted by MBPO algorithm. The tunable laser module adjusts the emitted wavelength of the detection laser to the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope according to the MBPO algorithm.

4. The pulse perception acquisition method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light based on the reflected light signal and the reference light signal, and obtaining the corresponding pulse signal based on the change value of the center wavelength of the reflected light, includes: Demodulation operations are performed on the reference optical signal and the reflected optical signal; The demodulation operation includes calculating the ratio of the reflected light signal to the reference light signal, using the ratio as the demodulation signal, which is used to reflect the vibration of the center wavelength of the reflected light. The change in the center wavelength of the reflected light is obtained based on the vibration of the center wavelength of the reflected light; The corresponding pulse signal is obtained based on the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light.

5. The pulse perception acquisition method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the emitted wavelength of the detected laser to the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope using the tunable laser module according to the MBPO algorithm includes: S1: At the current preset time, the reflection spectrum slope of the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module is calculated by recursive least squares method using the output wavelength and demodulated signal, and is used as the state of the MBPO algorithm and input into the actor network; S2: Based on the output of the actor network, obtain the emitted wavelength of the detection laser, and use the emitted wavelength of the detection laser as the action of the MBPO algorithm; S3: Based on the emitted wavelength of the detected laser, obtain the state and immediate reward of the MBPO algorithm at the next preset time. S4: Based on the actions and immediate rewards of the MBPO algorithm, obtain the value function of the state at the current preset time through the critic network; S5: Update the emitted wavelength of the detected laser and the parameters of the actor network according to the value function; S6: Repeat S1 to S5, and based on the emitted wavelength of the updated detection laser, finally obtain the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope.

6. The pulse perception acquisition method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before adjusting the emitted wavelength of the detection laser to the wavelength position of the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope according to the MBPO algorithm, the pulse sensing acquisition method further includes: Initialize the parameters of the actor network and the critic network; The step of updating the emitted wavelength of the detected laser and updating the parameters of the actor network according to the value function includes: Based on the value function, the optimization function of the MBPO algorithm is obtained; Update the parameters of the actor network and the critic network according to the optimization function; Based on the updated parameters of the actor network and the critic network, the updated emission wavelength of the detection laser is obtained.

7. The pulse perception acquisition method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module based on the wavelength change of the detected laser using recursive least squares method, and predicting the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the current output wavelength of the tunable laser module using the MBPO algorithm, includes: T1: The reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module corresponding to the emitted wavelength is obtained by using the recursive least squares method based on the wavelength change of the detected laser and the signal change collected by the processing module. T2: Input the data sequence of the reflection spectrum slope into the actor network of the MBPO algorithm to obtain the output wavelength value of the tunable laser module at the next moment; T3: Repeat T1-T2, calculate the reflection spectrum slope corresponding to the output wavelength of the tunable laser module based on the output wavelength value and demodulation signal, adjust the output wavelength of the tunable laser module to the output wavelength, and finally make the output wavelength reach the maximum value point of the reflection spectrum slope.

8. The pulse perception acquisition method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The calculation of the reflection spectrum slope corresponding to the output wavelength of the tunable laser module based on the output wavelength value and the demodulated signal includes: Based on the linear model, the predicted value of the reflection spectrum slope and the residual at each preset time are obtained; Based on the Kalman gain, the predicted value and the observed value of the reflection spectrum slope are weighted and averaged to obtain the estimated value of the emitted wavelength of the reflection spectrum slope. Based on the estimated emitted wavelength, update the parameter vector and covariance matrix of the linear model; Once the parameter vector and the covariance matrix meet the preset requirements, the estimated value of the emitted wavelength of the reflection spectrum slope corresponding to the parameter vector and the covariance matrix is ​​used as the filtered reflection spectrum slope.

9. The pulse perception acquisition method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pulse perception acquisition method also includes: When the position of the emitted wavelength and the maximum value of the reflection spectrum slope of the FBG sensing module at the next preset time is less than a preset error, the action of updating the MBPO algorithm is completed. The action of the current MBPO algorithm is used as the adjusted output wavelength.

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