A coal loader that can automatically clear blockages

Abstract

An automatic coal unloader includes a lower cross-shaped support embedded in a concrete floor. The concrete floor above and below the lower cross-shaped support is a through-hole. The lower cross-shaped support is fixedly connected to support columns on both sides above it. An upper support is located at the top of each support column, and a motor is mounted on the upper support. The motor drives a reducer and is connected to a main shaft below the upper support. A lower rotating arm is located at the lower end of the main shaft, and the lower rotating arm includes four extending arms. A screen is installed between the lower rotating arm and the lower cross-shaped support. By setting the cross-shaped support below the screen and the rotating arm above, the rotation of the rotating arm breaks up the blocked coal blocks, preventing the risk of debris ejection. When the rotating arm encounters a stuck, unbroken coal block, image processing can be used to determine the size of the coal block, and the required torque for breaking it can be calculated. This allows for control of the speed or acceleration of the rotating arm to further crush the block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal production equipment technology, specifically to a coal unloader that can automatically clear blockages. Background Technology

[0002] In the coal production process, after the coal at the mining site is crushed, it is either placed in a transport room and manually placed on the upper screen. Coal that meets the transport size requirements falls onto the transport vehicle below for transport. Alternatively, the coal is manually fed onto the upper screen. Coal that meets the size requirements falls to the next layer for further fine crushing, while coal that does not meet the size requirements is returned to the crusher on the same layer for secondary coarse crushing. In both of these processes, the manual feeding of the screen often results in oversized coal getting stuck at the screen opening. Due to its excessive weight, handling it requires a lot of manpower and time, which reduces production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a coal unloader that can automatically clear blockages, thereby solving the problems of easy blockage and difficulty in handling during manual feeding, resulting in low production efficiency.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A coal unloader capable of automatically clearing blockages includes a lower cross bracket embedded in a concrete floor. The concrete floor above and below the lower cross bracket is a through hole. The lower cross bracket is fixedly connected to the support columns on both sides above it. An upper support is provided at the top of the support columns. A motor is provided on the upper support. The motor drives a reducer and is connected to the main shaft below the upper support. A lower rotating arm is provided at the lower end of the main shaft. The lower rotating arm includes four extending rotating arms. A screen is provided between the lower rotating arm and the lower cross bracket.

[0005] The aforementioned lower rotating arm includes a support arm fixedly connected to the main shaft, and a high-manganese steel wear-resistant plate detachably connected to the support arm.

[0006] The four extended arms of the lower rotating arm described above are evenly arranged, and each pair of adjacent extended arms are perpendicular to each other.

[0007] The lower rotating arm is provided with a rotating arm support seat above it. The rotating arm support seat is provided with four fixed support arms that are parallel to the rotating arm of the lower rotating arm. One end of the fixed support arm is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the other end of the fixed support arm is connected by the upper rotating arm ring steel belt. The fixed support arm and the rotating arm of the lower rotating arm are fixedly connected by a vertical support column.

[0008] The aforementioned support column and the main shaft are provided with a tapered protective steel bar mesh, which covers the area below the top of the tapered section with the main shaft as the center.

[0009] The protective steel bar mesh is provided with an upper fixed frame that surrounds the main shaft at the top. One end of the protective steel bar is connected to the upper fixed frame, and the other end is connected to the rectangular frame of the screen.

[0010] The aforementioned upper support is equipped with a vision sensor facing the screen. The motor is driven by a frequency converter. The vision sensor is connected to an image processor, which is connected to a controller. The controller contains an analog module that is connected to the frequency converter.

[0011] The aforementioned main shaft is equipped with a synchronous pulley, which is connected to a rotary encoder via a synchronous toothed belt. The rotary encoder transmits the data to the controller after decoding.

[0012] The screen is equipped with a feeding hopper below it. The feeding hopper is inverted cone shape and open at both ends.

[0013] The present invention provides a coal unloader that can automatically clear blockages. By setting a cross support under the screen and a rotating arm above it, the rotating arm breaks up the blocked coal blocks while preventing the risk of broken stones from flying out. When the rotating arm encounters a stuck, unbroken coal block, the size of the coal block can be obtained through image processing, and then the torque required for breaking can be calculated. This allows the speed or acceleration of the rotating arm to be controlled for further collision and breaking. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coal loader of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coal loader of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a side view of the coal loader of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 5 A top view of the protective steel bar mesh; Figure 6 This is a top view of a coal loader; Figure 7 for Figure 6 AA section view; Figure 8 This is a top view of the sieve. Figure 9 This is a top view diagram of the blockage situation in the embodiment.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Support column; 2. Upper support; 3. Motor; 4. Reducer; 5. Main shaft; 6. Lower rotating arm; 7. Screen; 8. Lower cross support; 9. Vision sensor; 10. Rotary arm support seat; 11. Upper rotating arm ring steel belt; 12. Side connecting column; 13. Protective steel bar mesh; 13. Upper fixed frame; 14. Concrete floor; 15. Feed hopper; 16. Vertical wall; 17. Synchronous toothed belt; 18. Rotary encoder; 19. Coal block. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] like Figure 1-9 As shown, a coal unloader that can automatically clear blockages includes a lower cross bracket 8 embedded in a concrete floor 14. The concrete floor 14 above and below the lower cross bracket 8 is a through hole. The lower cross bracket 8 is fixedly connected to the support columns 1 on both sides above it. The top of the support column 1 is provided with an upper support 2. The upper support 2 is provided with a motor 3. The motor 3 drives a reducer 4 and is connected to a main shaft 5 below the upper support 2. The lower end of the main shaft 5 is provided with a lower rotating arm 6. The lower rotating arm 6 includes four extending rotating arms. A screen 7 is provided between the lower rotating arm 6 and the lower cross bracket 8.

[0018] The coal blocks to be fed are placed on the screen 7. Coal blocks smaller than the screen openings automatically fall below. The motor 3 rotates, driving the lower rotating arm 6 to rotate above the screen 7. When the lower rotating arm 6 rotates to the point where the coal block is larger than the screen openings of the screen 7 and is blocked, the coal block is crushed into smaller pieces by the squeezing action of the lower rotating arm 6 and falls from the screen 7, achieving the effect of clearing the blockage. This eliminates the need for manual re-moving of coal blocks.

[0019] The aforementioned lower rotating arm 6 includes a support arm fixedly connected to the main shaft 5, and a high-manganese steel wear-resistant plate detachably connected to the support arm.

[0020] With the rotation direction of the lower rotating arm 6 fixed, the contact surface of the lower rotating arm 6 that performs the crushing function is always on one side of the arm. A detachable high-manganese steel wear-resistant plate is installed on this side, which can be replaced after the wear and crushing effect is reduced, so as to maintain the unblocking effect.

[0021] The four extended arms of the lower rotating arm 6 are evenly arranged, and each pair of adjacent extended arms are perpendicular to each other.

[0022] The lower rotating arm 6 is provided with a rotating arm support seat 10 above it. The rotating arm support seat 10 is provided with four fixed support arms that are parallel to the rotating arm of the lower rotating arm 6. One end of the fixed support arm is fixedly connected to the main shaft 5, and the other end of the fixed support arm is connected through the upper rotating arm ring steel belt 11. The fixed support arm and the rotating arm of the lower rotating arm 6 are fixedly connected through a vertical support column.

[0023] By setting the swivel arm support seat 10, the rigidity of the lower swivel arm 6 during rotation is increased. When encountering a blocked coal block, the size of the square shape that deforms backward under force is smaller, thus improving the unblocking effect.

[0024] The aforementioned support column 1 and main shaft 5 are provided with a tapered protective steel bar mesh 13, which covers the area below the top of the tapered section with the main shaft 5 as the center.

[0025] By setting up protective steel bar mesh 13, it is possible to prevent broken coal pieces from jumping out and causing injury during the clearing operation.

[0026] The protective steel bar mesh 13 is provided with an upper fixed frame 131 that surrounds the main shaft 5 at the top. One end of the protective steel bar is connected to the upper fixed frame 131, and the other end is connected to the rectangular frame of the screen 7.

[0027] The aforementioned upper support 2 is equipped with a vision sensor 9 facing the screen 7. The motor 3 is driven by a frequency converter. The vision sensor 9 is connected to an image processor. The image processor is connected to a controller. The controller is equipped with an analog module connected to the frequency converter.

[0028] When the rotating arm 6 encounters a large coal block that cannot be broken, the upper vision sensor 9 captures an image and transmits it to the image processor. The image processor processes the image and identifies the size of the blocked coal block. The controller calculates the torque required to break the blocked coal block based on the ratio of the coal block to the image size, and calculates the corresponding speed or acceleration of the lower rotating arm 6 at that torque. The controller controls the lower rotating arm 6 to slowly reverse until the previous extended cantilever contacts the coal block. The current is detected to determine whether contact has occurred. Then, the controller controls the lower rotating arm 6 to rotate forward and impact the blocked coal block at the calculated speed or acceleration. This ensures that the coal block receives the force required to break it, while preventing excessive force from causing the coal block to jump out quickly and avoiding structural damage to the coal loader.

[0029] The aforementioned main shaft 5 is equipped with a synchronous pulley, which is connected to the rotary encoder 18 via a synchronous toothed belt 17. The rotary encoder 18 transmits the data to the controller after decoding.

[0030] In this preferred embodiment, the lower rotating arm 6 no longer needs to stop when it encounters a blocking coal block during reverse rotation. The coal block size data obtained after processing by the image processor can determine the space available for the lower rotating arm 6 during reverse rotation. By detecting the reverse rotation angle, it can be determined whether the reverse rotation is in place. At the same time, when the lower rotating arm 6 is accelerating in the forward rotation for crushing, the real-time angle data obtained by the rotary encoder 18 allows the controller to know whether the designed acceleration or speed has been reached, which facilitates the adjustment of the analog quantity applied to the frequency converter. After a collision, the angle data can also be used to determine whether the coal block has been crushed after the collision, thereby determining the next execution plan.

[0031] Below the aforementioned screen 7 is a feeding hopper 15, which is inverted cone-shaped and open at both ends.

Claims

1. A coal unloader capable of automatically clearing blockages, characterized in that it can unload... The coal mining machine includes a lower cross bracket (8) embedded in a concrete floor (14). The concrete floor (14) above and below the lower cross bracket (8) is a through hole. The lower cross bracket (8) is fixedly connected to the support columns (1) on both sides above it. The support column (1) is provided with an upper support (2) at the top. The upper support (2) is provided with a motor (3). The motor (3) drives a reducer (4) and is connected to the main shaft (5) below the upper support (2). The lower end of the main shaft (5) is provided with a lower rotating arm (6). The lower rotating arm (6) includes four extended rotating arms. A screen (7) is provided between the lower rotating arm (6) and the lower cross bracket (8). The upper support (2) is provided with a vision sensor (9) facing the screen (7), the motor (3) is driven by a frequency converter, the vision sensor (9) is connected to the image processor, the image processor is connected to the controller, and the controller is provided with an analog module connected to the frequency converter. The main shaft (5) is equipped with a synchronous pulley, which is connected to the rotary encoder (18) through a synchronous toothed belt (17). The rotary encoder (18) transmits the data to the controller after decoding. The lower rotating arm (6) includes a support arm fixedly connected to the main shaft (5) and a high manganese steel wear-resistant plate detachably connected to the support arm; a rotating arm support seat (10) is provided above the lower rotating arm (6), and four fixed support arms parallel to the rotating arm of the lower rotating arm (6) are provided on the rotating arm support seat (10). One end of the fixed support arm is fixedly connected to the main shaft (5), and the other end of the fixed support arm is connected by the upper rotating arm ring steel belt (11). The fixed support arm and the rotating arm of the lower rotating arm (6) are fixedly connected by a vertical support column. When the rotating arm (6) encounters a large coal block that cannot be broken, the upper vision sensor (9) captures an image and transmits it to the image processor. The image processor processes the image and identifies the size of the blocked coal block. The controller calculates the torque required to break the blocked coal block based on the ratio of the coal block to the image size, and calculates the speed or acceleration of the lower rotating arm (6) corresponding to the torque. The controller controls the lower rotating arm (6) to slowly reverse until the previous extended cantilever contacts the coal block. The current is detected to determine whether there is contact. Then the controller controls the lower rotating arm (6) to rotate forward and impact the blocked coal block with the speed or acceleration calculated above. This ensures that the coal block receives the force required to break it, while preventing the coal block from jumping out quickly due to excessive force, and also avoids structural damage to the coal loader.

2. The coal unloader capable of automatic unblocking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four extended arms of the lower rotating arm (6) are evenly arranged, and the two adjacent extended arms are perpendicular to each other.

3. A coal unloader capable of automatically clearing blockages according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support column (1) and the main shaft (5) are provided with a protective steel rod mesh (13) arranged in a cone shape. The protective steel rod mesh (13) covers the area below the top of the cone with the main shaft (5) as the center.

4. A coal unloader capable of automatically clearing blockages according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective steel bar mesh (13) is provided with an upper fixed frame (131) around the main shaft (5) at the top. One end of the protective steel bar is connected to the upper fixed frame (131), and the other end is connected to the rectangular frame of the screen (7).

5. A coal unloader capable of automatically clearing blockages according to claim 4, characterized in that, The screen (7) is provided with a feeding hopper (15) below it. The feeding hopper (15) is inverted cone shape and open at both ends.

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