Processing technology of large split water-lubricated bearing bushing

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of large ship propulsion system technology, specifically to a machining process for a large split-type water-lubricated bearing bushing. The bushing of this invention employs a process of integral centrifugal casting, followed by rough machining to relieve stress, and then split machining. This process ensures both the casting quality of the bushing and the machining accuracy of its outer diameter and inner hole. During rough machining, the bushing blank has clamping ends at both ends, and these clamping ends are equipped with stress-relieving grooves. This avoids the influence of clamping stress on the machining accuracy and effectively removes the influence of residual stress from the casting process on deformation during machining. The upper and lower bushings are fixed by clamping and welding the mating end faces using tooling locking rings (Haver rings). Then, the mating surfaces of the inner and outer diameters of the bushings are machined. This effectively controls the deformation of the upper and lower bushings during machining, ensuring the cylindricity machining accuracy of the inner and outer diameters. The cylindricity machining accuracy of the inner diameter of the bushing can reach 0.10 mm, effectively improving the assembly quality of the bushing and the slats.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of large ship propulsion system technology, specifically to a processing technology for large split water-lubricated bearing bushings. Background Technology

[0002] To ensure the disassembly, inspection, and maintenance of the ship's water-lubricated bearings can be completed without removing the shaft, the water-lubricated bearings need to be designed with a split structure. To ensure the corrosion resistance of the water-lubricated bearings, the bushing material is a zinc-tin-copper alloy.

[0003] The structural features of large split-type water-lubricated bearings for ships are as follows:

[0004] 1) The water-lubricated bearing is a split type, and the split section forms an angle α with the horizontal. The stop copper strip has a corresponding plane with this angle α.

[0005] 2) The copper bushing is over 1500mm long and less than 40mm thick.

[0006] 3) After machining, its outer circle needs to be matched with the stern shaft bracket. High precision is required for cylindricity and coaxiality during machining.

[0007] 4) After processing, its inner circle fits with the strip, and the cylindricity accuracy requirement is high during processing.

[0008] Furthermore, as an important component of water-lubricated bearings, the structure and dimensional accuracy of the bushing determine the structure and dimensional accuracy of the water-lubricated bearing, which in turn affects the assembly and installation of the water-lubricated bearing, and ultimately affects the realization of the functional performance of the water-lubricated bearing.

[0009] Existing water-lubricated bearing bushing processing methods are insufficient in terms of processing efficiency and precision to meet the structural characteristics of large split-type water-lubricated bearing bushings. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a machining process for large split water-lubricated bearing bushings, which can effectively improve the machining accuracy and machining efficiency of large split water-lubricated bearing bushings for ships, in order to address the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0012] This invention provides a machining process for large split-type water-lubricated bearing bushings, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1, rough machining and stress relief of the bushing blank are performed, and process chucks are provided at both ends of the bushing blank.

[0014] S2, clamp the bushing blank onto a CNC lathe and finish machine the unloading groove at the process chuck.

[0015] S3, sequentially rough machine the inner hole and two end faces of the bushing blank, the outer circle of the bushing blank and its flange end, and the reverse end face of the flange end;

[0016] S4, the bushing blank is divided into an upper bushing and a lower bushing along an inclined line, and the cross-sections of the upper bushing and the lower bushing are respectively precision machined. The angle between the inclined line and the central axis of the bushing blank is α.

[0017] S5, assemble the upper half bushing and the lower half bushing and make their end faces flush to form a bushing assembly, and then use three tooling locking rings to lock the front, middle and rear parts of the outer circle of the bushing assembly respectively;

[0018] S6, Spot weld along the mating surface of the upper and lower bushings;

[0019] S7. Use measuring tools to check the end face and outer circle dimensions of the bushing assembly, and finish machine the flange end stop and small end inner hole of the bushing assembly;

[0020] S8, using the flange end stop and the small end inner hole as the machining reference, finish machine the outer circle limiting groove of the bushing assembly, the outer circle of the flange end, and the reverse end face of the flange end;

[0021] S9, install a tooling locking ring at the outer circle limiting groove position of the bushing assembly, remove the three tooling locking rings installed in step S5, and then finish machine the outer circle non-limiting groove part of the bushing assembly to the preset size;

[0022] S10, finish machine the inner hole and its two end faces of the bushing assembly, and then machine the threaded holes of the upper and lower half bushings.

[0023] Preferably, in step S1, the flange end and the small end of the bushing blank 3 are extended outward by a predetermined length to form a flange end process clamp 3-1 and a small end process clamp 3-2, respectively.

[0024] Preferably, in step S2, the outer ring of the small-end process chuck 3-2 is machined with a small-end process chuck unloading groove 3-3, and the radial dimension of the small-end process chuck unloading groove 3-3 is [missing information]. The width dimension is L1.

[0025] Preferably, in step S3, the inner diameter of the bushing blank is... The outer diameter of the bushing blank is: The outer diameter of the flange end is:

[0026] Preferably, in step S4, the angle between the cross-sectional lines of the upper bushing 1 and the lower bushing 2 and the central axis of the bushing blank is α.

[0027] Preferably, in step S5, the three tooling locking rings are respectively installed at positions 1 / 4, 1 / 2, and 3 / 4 along the axial direction on the outer circle of the bushing assembly.

[0028] Preferably, in step S6, the multiple welding points 6 that are fixed by spot welding are evenly arranged along the splicing surface of the upper half bushing and the lower half bushing.

[0029] Preferably, in step S8, there are two outer circle limiting grooves of the bushing assembly, which are respectively located at 3 / 8 and 5 / 8 of the outer circle of the bushing assembly along the axial direction.

[0030] Preferably, the outer circles of the upper bushing 1 and the lower bushing 2 are respectively machined with threaded holes 1-1 and 2-1 near the mating surface.

[0031] Preferably, the tooling locking ring 7 is composed of two half-rings with external hexagonal bolts 8, external hexagonal nuts 9 and spring washers 10 installed at both ends.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following main advantages:

[0033] 1. This invention provides a machining process for a large split water-lubricated bearing bushing. The upper and lower bushings of the water-lubricated bearing are first centrifugally cast as a whole, then rough-machined to relieve stress, and then split and machined. This process ensures both the casting quality of the bushing and the machining accuracy of the outer circle and inner hole of the bushing.

[0034] 2. During rough machining, the bushing blank is provided with clamping end ends at both ends, and the clamping end is provided with stress relief grooves, which avoids the influence of clamping stress on the machining accuracy and can effectively remove the influence of residual stress in the casting process on deformation in the machining process.

[0035] 3. This invention fixes the upper and lower bushings by clamping and welding the end faces with a tooling locking ring (Hafer ring), and then machining the inner and outer circular mating surfaces of the bushings. This can effectively control the deformation of the upper and lower bushings during the machining process and ensure the cylindricity machining accuracy of the inner and outer circles. The cylindricity machining accuracy of the inner circle of the bushing can reach 0.10mm, which can effectively improve the assembly quality of the bushing and the strip. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large split water-lubricated bearing bushing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of AA;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bushing blank structure in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bushing blank structure in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bushing section in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the machining of the lower bushing mating surface in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the machining of the upper bushing mating surface in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the machining process after the upper and lower bushings are joined together in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of BB;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the machining process after the upper and lower bushings are joined together in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Upper bushing; 1-1. Threaded hole in the upper bushing; 2. Lower bushing; 2-1. Threaded hole in the lower bushing; 3. Bushing blank; 3-1. Flange end process chuck; 3-2. Small end process chuck; 3-3. Unloading groove of the small end process chuck; 6. Weld point; 7. Tooling locking ring (Hafer ring); 8. External hex bolt; 9. External hex nut; 10. Spring washer; a. Horizontal centerline of the bushing; b. Inclined line of the bushing split; c. Split width of the bushing; α. Angle between the horizontal centerline and the split centerline. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0048] It should be noted that, depending on the implementation needs, the various steps / components described in this application can be broken down into more steps / components, or two or more steps / components or parts of the operation of steps / components can be combined into new steps / components to achieve the purpose of this invention.

[0049] Example 1: This example provides a machining process for a large split water-lubricated bearing bushing, wherein the large split water-lubricated bearing bushing, as shown... Figures 1-2 As shown.

[0050] The processing technology mainly includes the following steps:

[0051] Rough machining of blank → Annealing to relieve stress → Machining unloading grooves in the chuck area (to eliminate clamping stress) → Rough machining of inner hole and two end faces → Rough machining of bushing and flange outer circle and flange reverse end face → Splitting into two halves → Finish machining of the α-angle mating surface of the lower half bushing and the upper half bushing → Assembling the upper and lower half bushings, installing the tooling locking ring (Half-ring), and spot welding the mating surface → Machining the stop and inner hole as the finishing datum → Using the stop and inner hole as the datum, finish machining the bushing outer circle limiting groove, flange inner end face, and flange outer circle → Installing the tooling locking ring (Half-ring) in the limiting groove → Finish machining of the non-limiting groove part of the bushing outer circle → Finish machining of the bushing inner hole and two end faces.

[0052] Specifically:

[0053] 1) such as Figure 3 As shown, the bushing blank is lengthened at both ends for process chucks during machining. After the blank is annealed to relieve stress, it is clamped and aligned on a CNC lathe, and the unloading groove 3-3 is machined.

[0054] 2) Machining the inner hole of the bushing and end faces I and II, Sufficient margin should be left for preparation of splitting;

[0055] 3) such as Figure 4 As shown, using the machined inner hole as a reference for alignment, the bushing is clamped and aligned on a CNC lathe, and then the outer diameter of the bushing is machined. and flange outer circle Reverse end face III, Sufficient margin should be left for preparation of splitting;

[0056] 4) Mount and align on the CNC boring and milling machine, according to... Figure 5 The bushing is obliquely divided into upper and lower halves as shown.

[0057] 5) Mount and align on the CNC boring and milling machine, following the steps below. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The mating surfaces IV and V of the lower and upper bushings are machined into place as shown.

[0058] 6) such as Figures 8-9 As shown, after assembling the upper and lower bushings, the end faces are leveled, and the upper and lower bushings are locked with three tooling locking rings (Hafer rings).

[0059] 7) Spot weld the upper and lower bushing mating surfaces together;

[0060] 8) Mount and align the flange on a CNC lathe, check the allowances of each part, and finish machine the flange end stop VII and the small end inner hole VIII as the reference for subsequent finishing.

[0061] 9) Using the machined flange end stop VII and small end inner hole VIII as references, finish machine the flange outer circle XI and flange inner end face X, and finish machine the bushing outer circle limiting groove IX with the flange inner end face X as the length direction reference.

[0062] 10) such as Figure 10 As shown, install and lock the tooling locking ring (Haval ring) in the limiting groove, and remove the tooling locking ring (Haval ring) from the rest of the parts;

[0063] 11) Finish machine the outer diameter of the bushing to the required standard, and retain the spot welded areas at the outer diameter of the process clamps on both sides;

[0064] 12) Machining bushing thread holes on a CNC boring and milling machine.

[0065] Example 2: This example provides a machining process for a large split-type water-lubricated bearing bushing, as detailed below:

[0066] This invention provides a machining process for large split-type water-lubricated bearing bushings, comprising the following steps:

[0067] S1, rough machining and stress relief of the bushing blank are performed, and process chucks are provided at both ends of the bushing blank.

[0068] S2, clamp the bushing blank onto a CNC lathe and finish machine the unloading groove at the process chuck.

[0069] S3, sequentially rough machine the inner hole and two end faces of the bushing blank, the outer circle of the bushing blank and its flange end, and the reverse end face of the flange end;

[0070] S4, the bushing blank is divided into an upper bushing and a lower bushing along an inclined line, and the cross-sections of the upper bushing and the lower bushing are respectively precision machined. The angle between the inclined line and the central axis of the bushing blank is α.

[0071] S5, assemble the upper half bushing and the lower half bushing and make their end faces flush to form a bushing assembly, and then use three tooling locking rings to lock the front, middle and rear parts of the outer circle of the bushing assembly respectively;

[0072] S6, Spot weld along the mating surface of the upper and lower bushings;

[0073] S7. Use measuring tools to check the end face and outer circle dimensions of the bushing assembly, and finish machine the flange end stop and small end inner hole of the bushing assembly;

[0074] S8, using the flange end stop and the small end inner hole as the machining reference, finish machine the outer circle limiting groove of the bushing assembly, the outer circle of the flange end, and the reverse end face of the flange end;

[0075] S9, install a tooling locking ring at the outer circle limiting groove position of the bushing assembly, remove the three tooling locking rings installed in step S5, and then finish machine the outer circle non-limiting groove part of the bushing assembly to the preset size;

[0076] S10, finish machining the inner hole and its two end faces of the bushing assembly.

[0077] Furthermore, in step S1, the flange end and the small end of the bushing blank 3 are extended outward by a predetermined length to form a flange end process clamp 3-1 and a small end process clamp 3-2, respectively.

[0078] Furthermore, in step S2, a small-end process chuck unloading groove 3-3 is machined in the middle of the outer ring of the small-end process chuck 3-2, and the radial dimension of the small-end process chuck unloading groove 3-3 is... The width dimension is L1.

[0079] Furthermore, in step S3, the inner diameter of the bushing blank is... The outer diameter of the bushing blank is: The outer diameter of the flange end is:

[0080] Furthermore, in step S4, the angle between the cross-sectional lines of the upper bushing 1 and the lower bushing 2 and the central axis of the bushing blank is α.

[0081] Furthermore, in step S5, the three tooling locking rings are respectively installed at positions 1 / 4, 1 / 2, and 3 / 4 along the axial direction on the outer circle of the bushing assembly.

[0082] Furthermore, in step S6, the multiple welding points 6 that are fixed by spot welding are evenly arranged along the splicing surface of the upper half bushing and the lower half bushing.

[0083] Furthermore, in step S8, there are two outer circle limiting grooves for the bushing assembly, which are respectively located at positions 3 / 8 and 5 / 8 along the axial direction of the outer circle of the bushing assembly.

[0084] Furthermore, the outer circles of the upper bushing 1 and the lower bushing 2 are respectively machined with threaded holes 1-1 for the upper bushing and 2-1 for the lower bushing near the mating surface.

[0085] Furthermore, the tooling locking ring 7 is composed of two half-rings with external hexagonal bolts 8, external hexagonal nuts 9 and spring washers 10 installed at both ends.

[0086] Furthermore, all parts of this application that are not described in detail are the same as or implemented using existing technology.

[0087] In summary:

[0088] 1. This invention provides a machining process for a large split water-lubricated bearing bushing. The upper and lower bushings of the water-lubricated bearing are first centrifugally cast as a whole, then rough-machined to relieve stress, and then split and machined. This process ensures both the casting quality of the bushing and the machining accuracy of the outer circle and inner hole of the bushing.

[0089] 2. During rough machining, the bushing blank is provided with clamping end ends at both ends, and the clamping end is provided with stress relief grooves, which avoids the influence of clamping stress on the machining accuracy and can effectively remove the influence of residual stress in the casting process on deformation in the machining process.

[0090] 3. This invention fixes the upper and lower bushings by clamping and welding the end faces with a tooling locking ring (Hafer ring), and then machining the inner and outer circular mating surfaces of the bushings. This can effectively control the deformation of the upper and lower bushings during the machining process and ensure the cylindricity machining accuracy of the inner and outer circles. The cylindricity machining accuracy of the inner circle of the bushing can reach 0.10mm, which can effectively improve the assembly quality of the bushing and the strip.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for machining a large split water-lubricated bearing bushing, characterized by, Includes the following steps: S1, rough machining and stress relief of the bushing blank are performed, and process chucks are provided at both ends of the bushing blank. S2, clamp the bushing blank onto a CNC lathe and finish machine the unloading groove at the process chuck. S3, sequentially rough machine the inner hole and two end faces of the bushing blank, the outer circle of the bushing blank and its flange end, and the reverse end face of the flange end; S4, the bushing blank is divided into an upper bushing and a lower bushing along an inclined line, and the cross-sections of the upper bushing and the lower bushing are respectively precision machined. The angle between the inclined line and the central axis of the bushing blank is α. The angle between the cross-sectional lines of the upper bushing (1) and the lower bushing (2) and the central axis of the bushing blank is α. S5, assemble the upper half bushing and the lower half bushing and make their end faces flush to form a bushing assembly, and then use three tooling locking rings to lock the front, middle and rear parts of the outer circle of the bushing assembly respectively; The three tooling locking rings are respectively installed at positions 1 / 4, 1 / 2, and 3 / 4 along the axial direction on the outer circle of the bushing assembly; S6, Spot weld along the mating surface of the upper and lower bushings; The multiple welding points (6) fixed by spot welding are evenly arranged along the splicing surface of the upper and lower bushings. S7. Use measuring tools to check the end face and outer circle dimensions of the bushing assembly, and finish machine the flange end stop and small end inner hole of the bushing assembly; S8, using the flange end stop and the small end inner hole as the machining reference, finish machine the outer circle limiting groove of the bushing assembly, the outer circle of the flange end, and the reverse end face of the flange end; The bushing assembly has two outer circle limiting grooves, which are respectively located at 3 / 8 and 5 / 8 of the outer circle of the bushing assembly along the axial direction; S9, install a tooling locking ring at the outer circle limiting groove position of the bushing assembly, remove the three tooling locking rings installed in step S5, and then finish machine the outer circle non-limiting groove part of the bushing assembly to the preset size; S10, finish machining the inner hole and its two end faces of the bushing assembly; The upper and lower bushings are fixed by clamping with a tooling locking ring and welding the end face. Then, the inner and outer circular mating surfaces of the bushings are machined to control the deformation of the upper and lower bushings during the machining process and ensure the cylindricity machining accuracy of the inner and outer circles.

2. A process for machining a large split hydrodynamic water-lubricated bearing bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the flange end and the small end of the bushing blank (3) are extended outward by a predetermined length to form a flange end process clamp (3-1) and a small end process clamp (3-2).

3. A process for machining a large split hydrodynamic water-lubricated bearing bushing according to claim 2, characterized in that In step S2, a small-end process chuck unloading groove (3-3) is machined in the middle of the outer ring of the small-end process chuck (3-2), and the radial dimension of the small-end process chuck unloading groove (3-3) is φ3 and the width dimension is L1.

4. The process for machining a large split hydrodynamic water-lubricated bearing bushing of claim 1, wherein In step S3, the inner diameter of the bushing blank is φ1, the outer diameter of the bushing blank is φ4, and the outer diameter of the flange end is φ5.

5. The process for machining a large split hydrodynamic water-lubricated bearing bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper bushing (1) and the lower bushing (2) are respectively machined with threaded holes (1-1) on the outer circles near the splicing surface.

6. The process for machining a large split hydrodynamic water-lubricated bearing bushing of claim 1 wherein, The tooling locking ring (7) is composed of two half-rings with external hexagonal bolts (8), external hexagonal nuts (9) and spring washers (10) installed at both ends.

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