A support system for a double-slip-wall tunneling method

Abstract

The application provides a support system for double-side wall pilot tunnel construction, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and specifically comprises an arch assembly, a joint assembly and a dismounting assembly; the arch assembly comprises a horizontal arch, a vertical arch and a side wall arch, the joint assembly comprises a longitudinal connecting rod and a butt joint mechanism, a plurality of butt joints are arranged on the longitudinal connecting rod, one end of the butt joint mechanism is connected with the butt joint, the other end is connected with the horizontal arch or the vertical arch, the horizontal arch or the vertical arch is connected with the side wall arch, and each pilot tunnel support structure for double-side wall pilot tunnel construction is formed; the butt joint mechanism comprises two joint ends and a pushing mechanism located between the two joint ends, one joint end is used for connecting the butt joint, the other joint end is used for connecting the horizontal arch or the vertical arch, and the pushing mechanism is used for pushing the horizontal arch or the vertical arch; the dismounting assembly is used for operating the pushing mechanism, so that the arch can be reused and is convenient to dismount.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and specifically to a support system for double-sided wall pilot tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] The double-sided pilot tunnel method is a tunnel excavation technique, also known as the double-sided pilot tunnel method or the spectacle method. It is a branch of the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) and is based on the fundamental principles of NATM. It is primarily used for construction sections with large spans, weak surrounding rock, and high excavation risks. Its construction process is complex and generally includes the following steps: 1. Excavate one side of the pilot tunnel and promptly close its initial support. 2. Excavate the other side of the pilot tunnel at an appropriate distance and construct its initial support. 3. Excavate the upper core soil and construct the initial support for the arch, with the arch foot supported by the initial supports of the two side pilot tunnels. 4. Excavate the lower bench and construct the initial support at the bottom, ensuring full closure of the initial support section. 5. Remove the initial support for the exposed portion of the pilot tunnel.

[0003] In existing support systems, the arch frames of the free-standing sections are connected by steel pads or welding. After one work cycle, the initial support of the free-standing sections needs to be removed. When using steel pads, the removal process requires first pulling out the connecting bolts, while the welded parts are removed by methods such as oxyacetylene welding and cutting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Existing support systems often encounter difficulties in removing the initial support of exposed sections during the initial support removal process. This is because the initial support construction involves shotcreting, making it difficult to remove the bolts. Regardless of whether the steel plate connection or welding method is used, the final removal is often done through violent methods such as cutting, which ultimately damages the steel arch frame and renders it unusable. This significantly increases the cost of the double-sided wall guide tunnel method. One objective of this invention is to provide a support system for the double-sided wall guide tunnel method to solve the above problems, including an arch frame assembly, a joint assembly, and a dismantling assembly.

[0005] The arch frame assembly includes a transverse arch frame, a vertical arch frame, and a side wall arch frame. The joint assembly includes a longitudinal connecting rod and a docking mechanism. Multiple docking joints are provided on the longitudinal connecting rod. One end of the docking mechanism is connected to the docking joint, and the other end is connected to the transverse arch frame or the vertical arch frame. The transverse arch frame or the vertical arch frame is then connected to the side wall arch frame to form the support structure of each guide pit in the double side wall guide pit construction method.

[0006] The docking mechanism includes two connector ends and a pushing mechanism located between the two connector ends. One connector end is used to connect the docking joint, and the other connector end is used to connect the horizontal arch frame or the vertical arch frame. The pushing mechanism is used to push the horizontal arch frame or the vertical arch frame. The disassembly assembly is used to operate the pushing mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the transverse arch frame includes a first upper step transverse support arch, a second upper step transverse support arch, a third upper step transverse support arch, a first lower step transverse support arch, a second lower step transverse support arch, and a third lower step transverse support arch; the vertical arch frame includes a left upper step vertical support arch, a left lower step vertical support arch, a right upper step vertical support arch, and a right lower step vertical support arch; and the side wall arch frame includes a left lower step side support arch, a left upper step side support arch, a right lower step side support arch, a right upper step side support arch, and a top support arch.

[0008] The first upper step horizontal support arch, the left upper step vertical support arch, and the left upper step side support arch form the left upper step guide pit support.

[0009] The third upper step horizontal support arch, the right upper step vertical support arch, and the right upper step side support arch form the right upper step guide tunnel support.

[0010] The top arch, the second upper step horizontal arch, the left upper step vertical arch, and the right upper step vertical arch form the middle and upper step guide tunnel support.

[0011] The first upper step horizontal support arch, the first lower step horizontal support arch, the left lower step vertical support arch, and the left lower step side support arch form the left lower step guide pit support.

[0012] The third upper step horizontal support arch, the third lower step horizontal support arch, the right lower step vertical support arch, and the right lower step side support arch form the right lower step guide pit support.

[0013] The second upper step horizontal support arch, the second lower step horizontal support arch, the left lower step vertical support arch, and the right lower step vertical support arch form the middle and lower step guide tunnel support.

[0014] Furthermore, the longitudinal connecting rod is a square hollow rod, and the connecting joint is disposed on the side wall of the longitudinal connecting rod;

[0015] The docking mechanism includes an outer cover, and the two connector ends are located at the two ends of the outer cover. One connector end is provided with a connecting cavity that matches the mating connector, and the other connector end is provided with an insertion port that matches the horizontal arch or the vertical arch.

[0016] The pushing mechanism includes a fixed plate, a pushing block, and a driving rod. The fixed plate is fixedly connected inside the outer cover, the pushing plate is sleeved inside the outer cover, and the driving rod passes through the fixed plate and is threadedly connected to the fixed plate. One end of the driving rod is provided with a first driving gear, and the other end is provided with an annular protrusion. The annular protrusion is movably engaged with the pushing block.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer cover is provided with an operation opening, and the operation opening is provided with a movable cover plate. The movable cover plate includes a movable plate hinged to the operation opening and a push rod disposed on the movable plate. When the movable plate covers the operation opening, the push rod is in close contact with the outer cover.

[0018] Furthermore, the disassembly assembly includes a connecting cover and a movable cover. The movable cover is provided with a sliding foot, and the connecting cover is provided with a groove that matches the sliding foot. The sliding foot is engaged in the groove.

[0019] A crank handle is connected to the movable cover via a bearing. One end of the crank handle is provided with an external hexagonal handle connector, and the other end is provided with a second drive gear. The second drive gear is connected to the first drive gear via a toothed belt.

[0020] Furthermore, the connecting cover includes two symmetrically arranged side plates, which are connected by a connecting plate. The side plates are provided with a sliding groove plate and an abutment plate. The sliding groove is provided on the sliding groove plate, and the abutment plate is provided below the sliding groove plate. A roller is provided at the end of the sliding support foot, and the roller is placed on the abutment plate. A pad is provided between the roller and the abutment plate.

[0021] Furthermore, a strip groove is provided on the square hollow rod, and an unlocking rod is hinged in the strip groove. The unlocking rod is 7-shaped, and one end of the unlocking rod passes through the connector and is flush with the end face of the connector.

[0022] Furthermore, a U-shaped clamping connector is provided at one end of the horizontal arch frame and the vertical arch frame. The left lower step side support arch, the left upper step side support arch, the right lower step side support arch, the right upper step side support arch and the top support arch are connected by steel pads. A limiting plate is also provided at the steel pad, and a clamping cavity is formed between the limiting plate and the steel pad. The U-shaped clamping connector is clamped in the clamping cavity.

[0023] Furthermore, one end of the second upper step horizontal support arch and the second lower step horizontal support arch are respectively connected to the docking structure, and the other end is provided with a sleeve joint, which is connected to the docking head.

[0024] Furthermore, the different longitudinal connecting rods are connected by a male-female connector.

[0025] This invention provides a support system for double-sided wall pilot tunnel construction. The joint assembly serves as the connection structure between the horizontal and vertical arch frames in the open section, and can be disassembled by disassembling the assembly to ensure the integrity of the steel arch frame. At the same time, a jacking mechanism is set in the joint assembly, which can adjust the support size of the arch frame to a certain extent, which is conducive to the reuse of the arch frame and greatly saves construction costs. It also avoids the need for oxy-acetylene welding and cutting in the tunnel, which reduces air quality, improves the construction environment, and is beneficial to the health of the workers. Attached Figure Description

[0026] This disclosure includes accompanying drawings, which are to be considered included in and form part of the specification, and together with the specification illustrate various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the disclosure and serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. The invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support system support status according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the support system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the guide pit portion of the upper left step, upper middle step, and upper right step according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal connecting rod structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper left guide tunnel support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the docking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the movable cover plate structure of the docking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship and structure between the disassembly assembly and the docking assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly component structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly component structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse arch frame connection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal connecting rod portion according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the unlocking lever according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 These are schematic diagrams of two handle structures according to embodiments of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the butt joint and the sleeve joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the second lower step horizontal support arch connection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] 10- Horizontal arch frame; 11- First upper step horizontal support arch; 12- Second upper step horizontal support arch; 13- Third upper step horizontal support arch; 14- First lower step horizontal support arch; 15- Second lower step horizontal support arch; 16- Third lower step horizontal support arch; 20- Vertical arch frame; 21- Left upper step vertical support arch; 22- Right upper step vertical support arch; 23- Left lower step vertical support arch; 24- Right lower step vertical support arch; 31- Left lower step side support arch; 32- Left upper step side support arch; 33- Top support arch; 34- Right upper step side support arch; 35- Right lower step side support arch; 40- Connecting mechanism; 41- Outer cover ; 42-Connecting cavity; 43-Insert port; 44-Fixing plate; 45-Push block; 46-Drive rod; 47-First drive gear; 48-Operating opening; 49-Modible cover; 491-Push rod; 50-Longitudinal connecting rod; 51-Connecting joint; 52-Unlocking rod; 61-Steel pad; 62-Limiting plate; 71-Connecting cover; 711-Slide groove; 712-Pad; 72-Modible cover; 73-Sliding support foot; 731-Roller; 74-Crank handle; 741-First handle; 742-Second drive gear; 743-Second handle; 75-Toothed belt; 81-Socket joint. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0045] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0046] like Figure 1-16 As shown, the present invention provides the following embodiments: a support system for double-sided wall pilot tunnel construction, comprising an arch frame assembly, a joint assembly, and a disassembly assembly;

[0047] The arch frame assembly includes a transverse arch frame 10, a vertical arch frame 20, and a side wall arch frame. The joint assembly includes a longitudinal connecting rod 50 and a docking mechanism 40. The longitudinal connecting rod 50 is provided with multiple docking joints 51. One end of the docking mechanism 40 is connected to the docking joint 51, and the other end is connected to the transverse arch frame 10 or the vertical arch frame 20. The transverse arch frame 10 or the vertical arch frame 20 is then connected to the side wall arch frame to form the support structure of each guide pit in the double side wall guide pit construction method.

[0048] The docking mechanism 40 includes two connector ends and a pushing mechanism located between the two connector ends. One connector end is used to connect to the docking connector 51, and the other connector end is used to connect to the horizontal arch frame 10 or the vertical arch frame 20. The pushing mechanism is used to push the horizontal arch frame 10 or the vertical arch frame 20. The disassembly assembly is used to operate the pushing mechanism.

[0049] The double-sided wall pilot tunnel construction method generally involves two steps, upper and lower, forming six pilot tunnels. Each pilot tunnel is equipped with corresponding support. To improve the stress-bearing effect, it is generally necessary to close the support of each pilot tunnel, meaning that there are both lateral support and invert arch support. For the pilot tunnels, a temporary invert arch is constructed, which consists of a transverse arch frame 10. The transverse arch frame 10 and the vertical arch frame 20 serve as the initial support for the exposed portion, while the side wall arch frames are the initial support set along the excavation outline. The parts that need to be removed are the transverse arch frame 10 and the vertical arch frame 20. A connecting mechanism 40 is used to connect the transverse arch frame 10 and the vertical arch frame 20 using a joint connection method. As for each pilot tunnel, its The force on the support arch is directed towards the inside of the pilot tunnel. Taking the upper left step pilot tunnel as an example, as the first pilot tunnel to be excavated, the transverse arch 10 and vertical arch 20 inside are connected at the arch foot by a joint assembly. The specific construction method is as follows: along the tunnel excavation direction, a longitudinal connecting rod 50 is set at the right arch foot of the upper left step pilot tunnel. A butt joint 51 is set on the longitudinal connecting rod 50. The transverse arch 10 and vertical arch 20 are connected to the corresponding butt joint 51 through the docking mechanism 40. Then the transverse arch 10 and vertical arch 20 are connected to the side wall arch. In this way, the initial support of the upper left step pilot tunnel is closed, and the inward force can be well supported.

[0050] Following the construction steps, continue constructing the upper right step guide tunnel, the middle upper step guide tunnel, and so on.

[0051] Understandably, during actual construction, the excavation of each pilot tunnel will inevitably be irregular, and the required length of the steel arch frame will fluctuate within a certain range. When installing the steel arch frame, on-site workers often need to perform laborious docking and adjustment, and even when welding or using steel pads 61 for connection, there will be mutual pulling. Temporary cutting of the arch frame also occurs from time to time. In this solution, the docking mechanism 40 serves as a coordinating device for connection. The two joint ends are used to match and connect the butt joint 51 and the steel arch frame, respectively. The docking connection method facilitates disassembly and avoids cutting the steel arch frame, which would prevent repeated work. The jacking mechanism is used to jack the steel arch frame within a certain range. The jacking mechanism is operated by a special disassembly component to ensure that the steel arch frames in the pilot tunnel are tightly connected. This avoids the need to adjust the length of the arch frame and the mutual pulling during docking, which can greatly improve the installation efficiency. At the same time, it allows the prefabricated steel arch frame to adapt to a certain range of excavation surface size fluctuations, creating further conditions for the reuse of the steel arch frame.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, the transverse arch frame 10 includes a first upper step transverse support arch 11, a second upper step transverse support arch 12, a third upper step transverse support arch 13, a first lower step transverse support arch 14, a second lower step transverse support arch 15, and a third lower step transverse support arch 16; the vertical arch frame 20 includes a left upper step vertical support arch 21, a left lower step vertical support arch 23, a right upper step vertical support arch 22, and a right lower step vertical support arch 24; and the side wall arch frame includes a left lower step side support arch 31, a left upper step side support arch 32, a right lower step side support arch 35, a right upper step side support arch 34, and a top support arch 33.

[0053] For the double-side-wall pilot tunnel construction method, four longitudinal connecting rods 50 are required, respectively located at the connection points of the first upper step horizontal support arch 11 and the second upper step horizontal support arch 12, the connection points of the second upper step horizontal support arch 12 and the third upper step horizontal support arch 13, the connection points of the first lower step horizontal support arch 14 and the second lower step horizontal support arch 15, and the connection points of the second lower step horizontal support arch 15 and the third lower step horizontal support arch 16.

[0054] The first upper step horizontal support arch 11, the left upper step vertical support arch 21, and the left upper step side support arch 32 form the left upper step guide tunnel support. A longitudinal connecting rod 50 is set at the junction of the first upper step horizontal support arch 11 and the left upper step vertical support arch 21. Specifically, the longitudinal connecting rod 50 is set at the right arch foot of the left upper guide tunnel along the excavation direction. The longitudinal connecting rod 50 is equipped with a butt joint 51 and is connected to the docking mechanism 40 respectively. Then, it is connected to one end of the first upper step horizontal support arch 11 and one end of the left upper step vertical support arch 21 through the docking mechanism 40. The other end of the first upper step horizontal support arch 11 and the other end of the left upper step vertical support arch 21 are then connected to the left upper step side support arch 32 respectively.

[0055] The third upper step horizontal support arch 13, the right upper step vertical support arch 22, and the right upper step side support arch 34 form the right upper step guide tunnel support. A longitudinal connecting rod 50 is set at the junction of the third upper step horizontal support arch and the right upper step vertical support arch 22. Specifically, the longitudinal connecting rod 50 is set along the excavation direction of the guide tunnel at the left arch foot of the right upper guide tunnel. The longitudinal connecting rod 50 is equipped with a butt joint 51, which is connected to the docking mechanism 40 respectively. Then, it is connected to one end of the third upper step horizontal support arch 13 and one end of the right upper step vertical support arch 22 through the docking mechanism 40. The other end of the third upper step horizontal support arch 13 and the other end of the right upper step vertical support arch 22 are then connected to the right upper step side support arch 34 respectively.

[0056] The top arch 33, the second upper step horizontal arch 12, the left upper step vertical arch 21, and the right upper step vertical arch 22 form the middle and upper step guide tunnel support. After the middle and upper step guide tunnel is excavated, the top arch 33 is constructed. The top arch 33 is connected to the left upper step side arch 32 and the right upper step side arch 34 respectively through steel pads 61. The two ends of the second upper step horizontal arch 12 are respectively connected to the butt joints 51 on the two longitudinal connecting rods 50. A docking mechanism 40 is set at the connection with the butt joint 51, which can be set on either side.

[0057] The first upper step horizontal support arch 11, the first lower step horizontal support arch 14, the left lower step vertical support arch 23, and the left lower step side support arch 31 form the left lower step guide tunnel support. A longitudinal connecting rod 50 is set at the junction of the first lower step horizontal support arch 14 and the left lower step vertical support arch 23. Specifically, the longitudinal connecting rod 50 is set along the excavation direction of the guide tunnel at the right arch foot of the left upper guide tunnel. The longitudinal connecting rod 50 is equipped with a butt joint 51 to connect with the docking mechanism 40 respectively, and then connected to one end of the third upper step horizontal support arch 13 and one end of the right upper step vertical support arch 22 through the docking mechanism 40.

[0058] The third upper step horizontal support arch 13, the third lower step horizontal support arch 16, the right lower step vertical support arch 24, and the right lower step side support arch 35 form the right lower step guide tunnel support. The right lower step side support arch 35 and the right upper step side support arch 34 are connected by steel pads 61. Specifically, longitudinal connecting rods 50 are set at the left arch foot of the right lower guide tunnel along the excavation direction. The two ends of the right lower step vertical support arch 24 are respectively connected to the two adjacent longitudinal connecting rods 50. The two ends of the third lower step horizontal support arch 16 are respectively connected to the lower longitudinal connecting rods 50 and the right lower step side support arch 35.

[0059] The second upper step horizontal support arch 12, the second lower step horizontal support arch 15, the left lower step vertical support arch 23, and the right lower step vertical support arch 24 form the middle and lower step guide tunnel support. After the guide tunnel is excavated, only the second lower step horizontal support arch 15 needs to be installed. Specifically, the two ends of the second lower step horizontal support arch 15 are connected to the longitudinal connecting rods 50 on both sides, and a docking mechanism 40 is set at one end.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal connecting rod 50 is a square hollow rod, and the butt joint 51 is disposed on the side wall of the longitudinal connecting rod 50. The longitudinal connecting rod 50 is connected at both ends with female and male joints, allowing longitudinal connecting rods 50 located at the same position in the pilot tunnel to be connected. For the support force, the main force is directed towards the inside of the pilot tunnel, and the force acting on the longitudinal connecting rod 50 is mainly compressive, with almost no stress in its direction. Therefore, the connection can be made relatively flexible. As excavation progresses, the disassembled longitudinal connecting rods 50 can be reused repeatedly.

[0061] The docking mechanism 40 includes an outer cover 41, with two connector ends located at the two ends of the outer cover 41. One connector end has a connecting cavity 42 that matches the mating connector 51, and the other connector end has an insertion port 43 that matches the transverse arch frame 10 or the vertical arch frame 20. The arch frame is made of I-beams, and correspondingly, an I-shaped opening is provided at the connector end. The steel arch frame can be inserted into the opening. At the connection point with the mating connector 51, a large-to-small joint can be directly used. The transverse arch frame 10 is used as a temporary inverted arch to form a closed support for each guide pit and enhance the stress.

[0062] The pushing mechanism includes a fixed plate 44, a pushing block 45, and a driving rod 46. The fixed plate 44 is fixedly connected inside the outer cover 41, and the pushing plate is sleeved inside the outer cover 41. The driving rod 46 passes through the fixed plate 44 and is threadedly connected to the fixed plate 44. One end of the driving rod 46 is provided with a first driving gear 47, and the other end is provided with an annular protrusion. The annular protrusion is movably engaged with the pushing block 45. The driving gear drives the driving rod 46 to rotate, thereby driving the pushing block 45 to move back and forth.

[0063] When installing the arch frame, first connect the docking mechanism 40 to the arch frame, then place the arch frame in the installation position, and rotate the drive rod 46 to make the movable block press against the end of the arch frame, thus avoiding the connection by welding. When disassembling, rotate the drive rod 46 to make the movable block loosen the end of the arch frame, and the arch frame can be directly disassembled without damaging the arch frame body, thus achieving the purpose of reuse.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, the outer cover 41 is provided with an operation opening 48, and the operation opening 48 is provided with a movable cover plate 49. The movable cover plate 49 includes a movable plate hinged to the operation opening 48 and a push rod 491 disposed on the movable plate. When the movable plate covers the operation opening 48, the push rod 491 is in close contact with the outer cover 41.

[0065] The operating port is protected by the movable cover plate 49 to prevent grout from entering the docking mechanism 40 during grouting, which could cause components such as the drive rod 46 to become solidified by the grout. A push rod 491 is installed on the movable plate. When it needs to be removed, the movable plate can be opened by knocking the push rod 491. It should be noted that certain protective measures should be taken during grouting, such as covering the movable cover plate 49 with a plastic film to prevent the movable cover plate 49 from becoming solidified and difficult to open.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment, the disassembly assembly includes a connecting cover 71 and a movable cover 72. The movable cover 72 is provided with a sliding support leg 73, and the connecting cover 71 is provided with a sliding groove 711 that matches the sliding support leg 73. The sliding support leg 73 is engaged in the sliding groove 711.

[0067] A crank handle 74 is connected to the movable cover 72 via a bearing. One end of the crank handle 74 is provided with an external hexagonal handle connector, and the other end is provided with a second drive gear 742. The second drive gear 742 is connected to the first drive gear 47 via a toothed belt 75. The crank handle 74 is used to connect a handle. There are two types of handles: the first handle 741 is a force-enhancing handle with an extended arm for increasing the lever arm, and the second handle is a drive handle for quickly turning the crank handle 74.

[0068] The connecting cover 71 is used to snap onto the outer cover 41 of the docking mechanism 40. It is connected to the first drive gear 47 and the second drive gear 742 through the toothed belt 75. A handle is sleeved on the crank handle 74. By rotating the handle, the crank handle 74 is rotated, which in turn drives the drive rod 46 to rotate, thereby realizing the forward and backward movement of the push block 45. During this process, the movable cover 72 moves with the movement of the drive rod 46. This is achieved by the sliding support foot 73 sliding in the slide groove 711. Specifically, the sliding support foot 73 passes through the slide groove 711, and its lower end rests on the abutment plate of the connecting cover 71, forming a snap-fit ​​relationship.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment, the connecting cover 71 includes two symmetrically arranged side plates connected by a connecting plate. The side plates are provided with a sliding groove plate and an abutment plate. The sliding groove 711 is provided on the sliding groove plate, and the abutment plate is provided below the sliding groove plate. A roller 731 is provided at the end of the sliding support 73 and is placed on the abutment plate. A pad 712 is provided between the roller 731 and the abutment plate. The height of the movable cover 72 can be adjusted by replacing or stacking the pads 712, thereby coordinating the tightness relationship between the toothed belt 75 and the first drive gear 47 and the second drive gear 742.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, the square hollow rod is provided with a strip groove, and an unlocking rod 52 is hinged in the strip groove. The unlocking rod 52 is 7-shaped, and one end of the unlocking rod 52 passes through the connector 51 and is flush with the end face of the connector 51. During assembly, the connector 51 is connected to the connector end of the docking mechanism 40, and the end of the unlocking rod 52 passing through the connector 51 abuts against the connector end. At this time, the unlocking rod 52 part located at the strip groove of the square hollow rod seals the strip groove. During the disassembly operation, the disassembly component is operated first, i.e., the handle is cranked. The first handle 741 is first sleeved on the connector head, and the handle 74 is turned by applying force. It should be understood that during the disassembly process, the support arches of each guide pit have undergone a stress process. After the arches are connected to the docking mechanism 40, a force is formed between them and the push block 45. The tight connection needs to be released by applying force to facilitate subsequent disassembly. After the arch frame and the push block 45 are no longer in contact, the second handle 743 can be easily rotated quickly to create a certain distance between the push block 45 and the end of the arch frame. This distance should be greater than the length of the butt joint 51 covered when the joint end and the butt joint 51 are connected. This allows the docking mechanism 40 to be disassembled. Of course, due to the spraying effect, a certain degree of consolidation is also formed between the joint end and the butt joint 51. Since the joint end is sleeved on the butt joint 51, it has a good covering and protection effect. The formation of this consolidation is relatively weak. By tapping the unlocking rod 52 part in the strip groove, the unlocking rod 52 part inserted in the butt joint 51 is driven to open the joint end, destroying this consolidation relationship, making it easier to remove the docking mechanism 40.

[0071] As a preferred embodiment, a U-shaped snap-fit ​​connector is provided at one end of the transverse arch frame 10 and the vertical arch frame 20. The left lower step side support arch 31, the left upper step side support arch 32, the right lower step side support arch 35, the right upper step side support arch 34 and the top support arch 33 are connected by a steel pad 61. A limiting plate 62 is also provided at the steel pad 61. A snap-fit ​​cavity is formed between the limiting plate 62 and the steel pad 61, and the U-shaped snap-fit ​​connector is snapped into the snap-fit ​​cavity.

[0072] Both the horizontal arch frame 10 and the vertical arch frame 20 involve connecting to the side wall arch frame. To ensure a tight and reliable connection, one end of each needs to be connected to the docking mechanism 40. When connecting to the side wall arch frame, a U-shaped clamp is set at the other end, which can be set by welding.

[0073] As a preferred embodiment, one end of the second upper step horizontal support arch 12 and the second lower step horizontal support arch 15 are respectively connected to the docking structure, and the other end is provided with a sleeve joint 81. The sleeve joint 81 is connected to the docking joint 51. The second upper step horizontal support arch 12 and the second lower step horizontal support arch 15 serve as temporary inverted arches of the central guide tunnel, playing the role of closing the support structure and enhancing the stress effect. These two support arches are mainly subjected to pressure from both ends. They are connected to the docking joints 51 at both ends through the sleeve joint 81 and the docking mechanism 40, and adjusted and tightened. Their installation and disassembly are convenient.

[0074] As a preferred embodiment, the different longitudinal connecting rods 50 are connected by a female connector.

[0075] For example, the longitudinal connecting rod 50 located at the right arch foot of the upper left pilot tunnel will be installed multiple times as the excavation progresses, along with multiple arch frames. These longitudinal connecting rods 50 are connected by a male-female connector to form a connection in the longitudinal direction. It should be noted that the transverse arch frame 10, the vertical arch frame 20, and the longitudinal connecting rod 50 will all be in a state of being in the air as the excavation progresses and will remain so for a period of time. During this period, the stability in the longitudinal direction, i.e., the tunnel orientation, is relatively poor. Connecting the longitudinal connecting rods 50 can greatly enhance the stability.

[0076] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. That is, those skilled in the art can make various changes and improvements to the invention in form and detail, and all of these are considered to fall within the protection scope of the invention. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market of the various embodiments, or to enable those skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A support system for double-sided wall pilot tunnel construction, characterized in that, Includes arch frame components, joint components, and disassembly components; The arch frame assembly includes a transverse arch frame, a vertical arch frame, and a side wall arch frame. The joint assembly includes a longitudinal connecting rod and a docking mechanism. Multiple docking joints are provided on the longitudinal connecting rod. One end of the docking mechanism is connected to the docking joint, and the other end is connected to the transverse arch frame or the vertical arch frame. The transverse arch frame or the vertical arch frame is then connected to the side wall arch frame to form the support structure of each guide pit in the double side wall guide pit construction method. The docking mechanism includes two connector ends and a pushing mechanism located between the two connector ends. One connector end is used to connect to the docking joint, and the other connector end is used to connect to the horizontal arch frame or the vertical arch frame. The pushing mechanism is used to push the horizontal arch frame or the vertical arch frame. The disassembly assembly is used to operate the pushing mechanism. The transverse arch frame includes a first upper step transverse support arch, a second upper step transverse support arch, a third upper step transverse support arch, a first lower step transverse support arch, a second lower step transverse support arch, and a third lower step transverse support arch. The vertical arch frame includes a left upper step vertical support arch, a left lower step vertical support arch, a right upper step vertical support arch, and a right lower step vertical support arch. The side wall arch frame includes a left lower step side support arch, a left upper step side support arch, a right lower step side support arch, a right upper step side support arch, and a top support arch. The first upper step horizontal support arch, the left upper step vertical support arch, and the left upper step side support arch form the left upper step guide pit support. The third upper step horizontal support arch, the right upper step vertical support arch, and the right upper step side support arch form the right upper step guide tunnel support. The top arch, the second upper step horizontal arch, the left upper step vertical arch, and the right upper step vertical arch form the middle and upper step guide tunnel support. The first upper step horizontal support arch, the first lower step horizontal support arch, the left lower step vertical support arch, and the left lower step side support arch form the left lower step guide pit support. The third upper step horizontal support arch, the third lower step horizontal support arch, the right lower step vertical support arch, and the right lower step side support arch form the right lower step guide pit support. The second upper step horizontal support arch, the second lower step horizontal support arch, the left lower step vertical support arch, and the right lower step vertical support arch form the middle and lower step guide tunnel support. The longitudinal connecting rod is a square hollow rod, and the connector is disposed on the side wall of the longitudinal connecting rod; The docking mechanism includes an outer cover, and the two connector ends are located at the two ends of the outer cover. One connector end is provided with a connecting cavity that matches the mating connector, and the other connector end is provided with an insertion port that matches the horizontal arch or the vertical arch. The pushing mechanism includes a fixed plate, a pushing block, and a driving rod. The fixed plate is fixedly connected inside the outer cover, the pushing block is sleeved inside the outer cover, and the driving rod passes through the fixed plate and is threadedly connected to the fixed plate. One end of the driving rod is provided with a first driving gear, and the other end is provided with an annular protrusion. The annular protrusion is movably engaged with the pushing block. The outer cover is provided with an operation opening, and the operation opening is provided with a movable cover plate. The movable cover plate includes a movable plate hinged to the operation opening and a push rod provided on the movable plate. When the movable plate covers the operation opening, the push rod is in close contact with the outer cover. The disassembly assembly includes a connecting cover and a movable cover. The movable cover is provided with a sliding support foot, and the connecting cover is provided with a sliding groove that matches the sliding support foot. The sliding support foot is engaged in the sliding groove. A crank handle is connected to the movable cover via a bearing. One end of the crank handle is provided with an external hexagonal handle connector, and the other end is provided with a second drive gear. The second drive gear is connected to the first drive gear via a toothed belt. The connecting cover includes two symmetrically arranged side plates connected by a connecting plate. The side plates are provided with a sliding groove plate and an abutment plate. The sliding groove is provided on the sliding groove plate, and the abutment plate is provided below the sliding groove plate. A roller is provided at the end of the sliding support foot and is placed on the abutment plate. A pad is provided between the roller and the abutment plate.

2. The support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square hollow rod is provided with a strip groove, and an unlocking rod is hinged in the strip groove. The unlocking rod is 7-shaped, and one end of the unlocking rod passes through the connector and is flush with the end face of the connector.

3. The support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A U-shaped clamping connector is provided at one end of the horizontal arch frame and the vertical arch frame. The left lower step side support arch, the left upper step side support arch, the right lower step side support arch, the right upper step side support arch and the top support arch are connected by steel pads. A limiting plate is also provided at the steel pad. A clamping cavity is formed between the limiting plate and the steel pad. The U-shaped clamping connector is clamped in the clamping cavity.

4. The support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the second upper step horizontal support arch and the second lower step horizontal support arch are respectively connected to the docking structure, and the other end is provided with a sleeve joint, which is connected to the docking head.

5. The support system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Different longitudinal connecting rods are connected by a male-female connector.

Images