A method of operating an expandable anchor head structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for operating an expandable anchor bolt end structure. The method involves connecting an outer sleeve to the anchor bolt to form the anchor bolt end structure and inserting it into a borehole in the surrounding rock. When inserted to a preset depth, an installation rod is inserted into the anchor bolt and connected to a rotating disk. Rotating the installation rod causes the rotating disk to rotate, driving the expansion block of the expansion structure connected to the rotating disk to expand outwards. A telescopic tongue installed in the expansion block pops out of the outer sleeve during the expansion process to prevent the expansion block from retracting, thus completing the anchor bolt end positioning. The advantages of this invention are: by setting an expansion structure in the outer sleeve and connecting it to the installation rod, the expansion structure expands during use, causing the expansion block to expand outwards. The telescopic tongue positions the expansion block, ultimately ensuring the anchor bolt is firmly fixed in the surrounding rock. Grout is then injected into the outer sleeve through the installation rod, and after the grout solidifies, the anchoring force with the surrounding rock is further strengthened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel anchor structure technology, and more specifically to a working method for an expandable anchor end structure. Background Technology

[0002] Rock bolts are an efficient and economical means of reinforcing tunnel surrounding rock and slope soil. After being driven into the surrounding rock, the rock bolt forms an anchoring force through the bonding action with the anchoring agent and the surrounding soil, thereby transferring the force to the deeper stable soil and rock layers. Therefore, the magnitude of the bonding force between the end or side of the rock bolt and the external environment directly determines the load-bearing capacity of the rock bolt. For general grouted rock bolts, the anchoring force is formed through the friction between the threaded surface of the rock bolt and the grout. When the surrounding rock deformation is large, the shear force on the surface of the rock bolt can easily cause the bolt to slip and detach from the grout, resulting in anchoring failure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a working method for an expandable anchor bolt end structure, which effectively enhances the anchoring force of the anchor bolt through the expansion of an expansion structure disposed in the outer sleeve.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for operating an expandable anchor bolt end structure, wherein the steps of the method are as follows: Step 1: Connect the outer sleeve to the anchor bolt to form the anchor bolt end structure and insert it into the borehole in the surrounding rock; Step 2: When the anchor is inserted to the preset depth, insert the mounting rod into the anchor and align the mounting rod with the rotating disk; Step 3: Rotate the mounting rod, and the rotating disk connected to the mounting rod will rotate, causing the expansion block of the expansion structure connected to the rotating disk to expand outward; Step 4: The telescopic tongue installed in the expansion block pops out of the outer sleeve during the expansion block expansion process to prevent the expansion block from retracting, and the anchor bolt end positioning is completed.

[0005] Optionally, the anchor bolt end structure includes: The outer tube is a conical hollow structure with one end open; The expansion structure movably installed in the outer sleeve; and The mounting rod is connected to the expansion structure and controls the expansion structure to expand.

[0006] Optionally, the outer sleeve has a through guide hole for the expansion structure to pass through and grouting holes arranged in a quincunx pattern on its wall. The inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with an annular stop near the end for limiting the expansion structure. The outer wall of the outer sleeve is provided with an external thread near the opening.

[0007] Optionally, the expansion structure includes: Two adjacent guide disks and one rotating disk are spaced apart on the central axis; A thin rod passing through both guide discs; and An expansion block fixed to the thin rod.

[0008] Optionally, the expansion structure is inserted into the outer sleeve and contacts the annular stop, and the expansion block is telescopically installed in the guide hole.

[0009] Optionally, the guide plate has three guide grooves for the thin rods to pass through, and the guide grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially around the center of the guide plate; the thin rods are three in number, and pass through the corresponding guide grooves on two of the guide plates respectively; the guide grooves are arc-shaped guide grooves.

[0010] Optionally, the expansion block has an arc-shaped block protruding from the guide hole, and the expansion block is also provided with a telescopic tongue for connecting springs. The telescopic tongue has an inclined surface facing the guide hole. The telescopic tongue pops out of the guide hole when the expansion block expands, and the number of guide holes is the same as the number of expansion blocks.

[0011] Optionally, both the guide plate and the rotating plate are provided with through holes, the rotating plate is also provided with an arc-shaped hole, and the mounting rod has an arc-shaped protrusion whose shape matches the arc-shaped hole.

[0012] Optionally, the guide plate and the rotating plate have the same diameter and are both smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve.

[0013] Optionally, the expansion blocks are in three groups, with three in each group installed with one of the thin rods, and the expansion block located in the middle of each group has the telescopic tongue.

[0014] The advantages of this invention are: This invention incorporates an expansion structure within the outer casing, which is connected to an installation rod. During use, rotating the installation rod causes the expansion structure to expand, causing the expansion block to expand outwards. The telescopic tongue positions the expansion block, ultimately securing the anchor bolt firmly to the surrounding rock. Grout is then injected into the outer casing via the installation rod, further strengthening the anchoring force with the surrounding rock after the grout solidifies. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1This is a perspective view of the expandable anchor end structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the outer sleeve and the expansion structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the expandable anchor end structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer sleeve of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion block of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting rod of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Outer sleeve, 2. Expansion structure, 3. Mounting rod, 11. Guide hole, 12. Grouting hole, 13. External thread, 14. Annular stop block, 21. Central shaft, 22. Guide disc, 23. Rotary disc, 24. Thin rod, 25. Expansion block, 26. Through hole, 31. Arc-shaped protrusion, 221. Guide groove, 231. Arc-shaped hole, 251. Arc-shaped block, 252. Spring, 253. Telescopic tongue, 2531. Inclined surface.

[0017] Example: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a method for operating an expandable anchor bolt end structure according to an embodiment, wherein the steps of the method are as follows: Step 1: Connect the outer sleeve 1 to the anchor rod (not shown, but not to impede understanding) to form the anchor rod end structure and insert it into the borehole on the surrounding rock; Step 2: When the anchor is inserted to the preset depth, insert the installation rod 3 into the anchor and align the installation rod 3 with the rotating disk 23; Step 3: Rotate the mounting rod 3, and the rotating disk 23 connected to the mounting rod 3 will rotate, causing the expansion block 25 of the expansion structure 2 connected to the rotating disk 23 to expand outward; Step 4: The telescopic tongue 253 installed in the expansion block 25 pops out of the outer sleeve 1 during the expansion of the expansion block 25 to prevent the expansion block 25 from retracting, and the anchor rod end positioning is completed.

[0018] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the anchor bolt end structure includes an outer sleeve 1, which is a conical hollow structure with one end open; an expansion structure 2 that is movably installed in the outer sleeve 1; and an installation rod 3 that is connected to the expansion structure 2 and controls the expansion of the expansion structure 2.

[0019] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the outer tube 1 has a guide hole 11 through which the expansion structure 2 passes and grouting holes 12 arranged in a quincunx pattern. The inner wall of the outer tube 1 is provided with an annular stop 14 for limiting the expansion structure 2 near the end. The outer wall of the outer tube 1 is provided with an external thread 13 near the opening.

[0020] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the expansion structure 2 includes two adjacent guide discs 22 and a rotating disc 23 spaced apart on the central shaft 21; a thin rod 24 passing through the two guide discs 22; and an expansion block 25 fixed to the thin rod 24. The expansion structure 2 is inserted into the outer sleeve 1 and contacts the annular stop 14. The expansion block 25 is telescopically installed in the guide hole 11.

[0021] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the guide plate 22 has three guide grooves 221 for the thin rods 24 to pass through, and they are evenly distributed around the center of the guide plate 22. There are three thin rods 24, which pass through the corresponding guide grooves 221 on the two guide plates 22 respectively. The guide grooves 221 are arc-shaped guide grooves.

[0022] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, the expansion block 25 has an arc-shaped block 251 protruding from the outside of the guide hole 11. The expansion block 25 is also provided with a telescopic tongue 253 that connects to the spring 252. The telescopic tongue 253 has an inclined surface 2531 facing the guide hole 11. When the expansion block 25 expands, the telescopic tongue 253 pops out of the guide hole 11. The number of guide holes 11 is the same as the number of expansion blocks 25.

[0023] In this embodiment, see continue to refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, both the guide plate 22 and the rotating plate 23 are provided with through holes 26, and the rotating plate 23 is also provided with an arc-shaped hole 231. The mounting rod 3 has an arc-shaped protrusion 31 whose shape matches the arc-shaped hole 231.

[0024] In this embodiment, the guide plate 22 and the rotating plate 23 have the same diameter and are both smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 1.

[0025] In this embodiment, the expansion blocks 25 are in three groups, with three blocks in each group installed with a thin rod 24, and the expansion block 252 located in the middle of each group has a telescopic tongue 253.

[0026] The following description will further illustrate the characteristics and functions of the present invention.

[0027] This embodiment provides an expandable anchor bolt end, which can effectively enhance the anchoring force of the anchor bolt through end expansion.

[0028] The structure mainly consists of three parts: outer sleeve 1, expansion structure 2, and mounting rod 3.

[0029] The expansion structure 2 includes two guide disks 22 and one rotating disk 23 welded at intervals on the central shaft 21. The two disks near the end of the outer sleeve 1 are the guide disks 22. Each guide disk 22 has three arc-shaped guide grooves 221 hollowed out. The guide disks 22 are connected to the expansion blocks 25 through three thin rods 24. The thin rods 24 can move freely along the guide grooves 221 radially on the guide disks 22. When the rotating disk 23 rotates, the central shaft 21 will drive the two guide disks 22 to rotate, the three thin rods 24 will slide in the guide grooves 221, and the three expansion blocks 25 connected to the thin rods 24 will expand outward.

[0030] The expansion block 25 in the middle position is provided with a telescopic tongue 253. When the expansion block 25 opens outward to a certain extent, the telescopic tongue 253 is exposed through the guide hole 11 of the outer sleeve 1. The spring 252 extends and the telescopic tongue 253 pops out, which can prevent the expansion block 25 from retracting.

[0031] The outer sleeve 1 has a tapered front end to facilitate the movement of the anchor rod (not shown) within the borehole, and a threaded rear end for connection to the anchor rod body. The outer sleeve 1 is equipped with quincunx-shaped grouting holes 12 to facilitate the flow and diffusion of grout. An annular stop 14 is located near the end of the inner wall for positioning the internal expansion structure 2.

[0032] Two guide discs 22 and one rotating disc 23 each have through holes 26 to facilitate the flow of grout in the outer sleeve 1 during subsequent grouting. The rotating disc 23 has four arc-shaped holes 231, which correspond to the arc-shaped protrusions 31 on the mounting rod 3. After the anchor rod is inserted into the appropriate position in the drill hole, the mounting rod 3 is inserted into the anchor rod. The arc-shaped protrusions 31 at the front end of the mounting rod 3 are engaged in the arc-shaped holes 231 of the rotating disc 23. The rotation of the mounting rod 3 drives the rotation of the rotating disc 23, thereby realizing the opening of the expansion structure 2.

[0033] In summary, this invention provides an expansion structure within the outer casing, which is connected to an installation rod. During use, rotating the installation rod causes the expansion structure to expand, causing the expansion block to expand outwards. The telescopic tongue positions the expansion block, ultimately securing the anchor bolt firmly to the surrounding rock. Grout is then injected into the outer casing via the installation rod, further strengthening the anchoring force with the surrounding rock after the grout solidifies.

[0034] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for operating an expandable anchor bolt end structure, characterized in that, The steps of the described working method are as follows: Step 1: Insert the structure formed by connecting the outer casing and the anchor bolt into the borehole in the surrounding rock; The outer tube is a conical hollow structure with one end open; an expansion structure is movably installed inside the outer tube; The outer sleeve has a through guide hole for the expansion structure to pass through and grouting holes arranged in a quincunx pattern. The inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with an annular stop near the end for limiting the expansion structure. The outer wall of the outer sleeve is provided with an external thread near the opening. Step 2: When the anchor is inserted to the preset depth, insert the installation rod into the anchor and align the installation rod with the rotating disk in the expansion structure. The installation rod controls the expansion structure to expand. Step 3: Rotate the mounting rod, and the rotating disk connected to the mounting rod will rotate, causing the expansion block of the expansion structure connected to the rotating disk to expand outward; The expansion structure includes a central shaft, guide disks, a rotating disk, a thin rod, and an expansion block; two adjacent guide disks and one rotating disk are spaced apart on the central shaft; the thin rod passes through two of the guide disks; the expansion block is fixed to the thin rod. The expansion structure is inserted into the outer sleeve and contacts the annular stop block, and the expansion block is telescopically installed in the guide hole; The expansion block has an arc-shaped block protruding from the guide hole. The expansion block is also provided with a telescopic tongue that connects to the spring. The telescopic tongue has an inclined surface facing the guide hole. The telescopic tongue pops out of the guide hole when the expansion block expands. The number of guide holes is the same as the number of expansion blocks. Step 4: The telescopic tongue installed in the expansion block pops out of the outer sleeve during the expansion block expansion process to prevent the expansion block from retracting, and the anchor bolt end positioning is completed.

2. The working method of the expandable anchor end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate has three guide grooves for the thin rods to pass through, and they are evenly distributed circumferentially around the center of the guide plate. There are three thin rods, which pass through the corresponding guide grooves on two of the guide plates. The guide grooves are arc-shaped.

3. The working method of the expandable anchor end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the guide plate and the rotating plate are provided with through holes, and the rotating plate is also provided with an arc-shaped hole. The mounting rod has an arc-shaped protrusion whose shape matches the arc-shaped hole.

4. The working method of the expandable anchor end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate and the rotating plate have the same diameter, and both are smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve.

5. The working method of the expandable anchor bolt end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion blocks are in three groups, with three in each group and one of the thin rods installed, and the expansion block in the middle of each group has the telescopic tongue.

Images