Display device

Abstract

The present application provides a display device capable of easily making the distance between a liquid crystal layer and a light shielding barrier an arbitrary thickness. A display device (50) capable of outputting separate images to a plurality of viewpoints (U1, U2, U3) arranged in an X direction, which has a first substrate (51) and a second substrate (52) as two light-transmissive substrates, which are opposed with a liquid crystal layer (53) interposed therebetween; a light-transmissive resin layer (54) laminated between the second substrate (52) and the liquid crystal layer (53); and a light shielding barrier (55) provided between the second substrate (52) and the resin layer (54) and having a plurality of opening portions (551).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to display devices. Background Technology

[0002] A display device is known to use a light-shielding barrier to limit the rays of light reaching each of multiple viewpoints, thereby enabling the output of individual images for multiple viewpoints (e.g., Patent Document 1).

[0003] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2009-223100

[0004] When outputting individual images to multiple viewpoints, the angles of the light rays reaching each viewpoint from the display device are different. The distance between the liquid crystal layer sealed between the two glass substrates of the display device and the light-shielding barrier corresponds to the angular difference between adjacent viewpoints in a specified direction and the arrangement spacing of the sub-pixels used to output individual images in the specified direction. Here, depending on the angular difference and the arrangement spacing, it is very difficult to meet the required distance between the liquid crystal layer and the light-shielding barrier in the configuration described in Patent Document 1. Specifically, in the configuration described in Patent Document 1, since there is a glass substrate between the liquid crystal layer and the light-shielding barrier, it is necessary to make the thickness of the glass substrate smaller than the required distance, but this is technically difficult. In recent years, with the development of high-resolution display devices, the arrangement spacing of sub-pixels has become smaller, so it is not easy to reduce the thickness of the glass substrate in Patent Document 1 according to such a trend of sub-pixel arrangement spacing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure was made in view of the above-mentioned technical problems, and its purpose is to provide a display device that makes it easier to make the distance between the liquid crystal layer and the light-shielding barrier of arbitrary thickness.

[0006] One aspect of this disclosure relates to a display device capable of outputting individual images to multiple viewpoints arranged in a predetermined direction, comprising: two light-transmitting substrates facing each other with a liquid crystal layer between them; a light-transmitting resin layer stacked between one of the two light-transmitting substrates located on the user side and the liquid crystal layer; and a light-shielding barrier disposed between the substrate and the resin layer, having a plurality of openings. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view showing the main components of the display device.

[0008] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a sealed liquid crystal layer structure.

[0009] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a sealed liquid crystal layer structure.

[0010] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a sealed liquid crystal layer structure.

[0011] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an example of the processes involved in manufacturing a display device.

[0012] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between subpixel spacing and barrier spacing.

[0013] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the configuration of subpixels and the user's identification number for each subpixel.

[0014] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing an example of the location of an opening in a light-shielding barrier.

[0015] Figure 9 It is a diagram representing the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the U2 viewpoint, U1 viewpoint, and U3 viewpoint.

[0016] Figure 10 It is a diagram showing the distribution of pixel signals, the shading pattern, and the correspondence between the visible area at the U2 viewpoint.

[0017] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the angular range of each sub-pixel of “1”, “2”, “3”, and “4” in the “allocation example” that can be visually recognized.

[0018] Figure 12 It is a diagram showing the correspondence between the polarity of each sub-pixel and the visible area on the U2 viewpoint when using the column inversion driving method.

[0019] Figure 13 It is a diagram showing the correspondence between the polarity of each sub-pixel and the visible area on the U2 viewpoint when using the two-column inversion driving method.

[0020] Figure 14 This is a diagram showing the correspondence between the polarity of each sub-pixel and the visible area on the U2 viewpoint when using the dot-inversion driving method.

[0021] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the pixel signal allocation example, the shading pattern, and the correspondence between the visible area at viewpoint U2 in Modified Example 1.

[0022] Figure 16 These are diagrams representing the polarity of sub-pixels in the visible area of ​​the U2 viewpoint during column inversion driving mode, two-column inversion driving mode, and point inversion driving mode, respectively.

[0023] Figure 17This is a diagram illustrating the pixel signal allocation example in Variation Example 2.

[0024] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating the pixel signal allocation example in Modified Example 3.

[0025] Figure 19 It indicates the ability to visually recognize references. Figure 18 A schematic diagram illustrating the angular range of each sub-pixel of “1”, “2”, and “3” in the “Assignment Example”.

[0026] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating the pixel signal allocation example in variation 4.

[0027] Figure 21 It indicates the ability to visually recognize references. Figure 20 A schematic diagram illustrating the angular range of each sub-pixel of “1”, “2”, “3”, “4”, and “5” in “Example 1” and “Example 2” of “Five Viewpoint Image Allocation”.

[0028] Figure 22 It is a diagram showing the allocation of pixel signals in two viewpoints for four sub-pixels and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the two viewpoints.

[0029] Figure 23 It is a diagram showing the distribution of pixel signals among four sub-pixels and three viewpoints, and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the three viewpoints.

[0030] Figure 24 It is a diagram showing the allocation example of pixel signals in four viewpoints for four sub-pixels and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the four viewpoints.

[0031] Figure 25 It is a diagram showing the distribution of pixel signals among four sub-pixels and five viewpoints, and the visible area consisting of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the five viewpoints.

[0032] Figure 26 It is a diagram showing the distribution of pixel signals among four sub-pixels and five viewpoints, and the visible area consisting of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the five viewpoints.

[0033] Figure 27 It is a diagram showing the allocation example of pixel signals in two viewpoints with 2×2 sub-pixels and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the two viewpoints.

[0034] Figure 28It is a diagram showing the distribution of pixel signals in three viewpoints with 2×2 sub-pixels and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the three viewpoints.

[0035] Figure 29 This is a cross-sectional view showing the main components of a display device with a color filter layer and a black matrix disposed on the first substrate side.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0037] 50, 50A, 50B, 50C display devices; 51 first substrate; 52 second substrate; 53 liquid crystal layer; 54 resin layer; 55 light-shielding barrier; 551 opening; Bpix third sub-pixel; CF color filter layer; CF1 first color filter; CF2 second color filter; CF3 third color filter; Gpix second sub-pixel; Rpix first sub-pixel; Wpix fourth sub-pixel. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the disclosure is merely an example, and appropriate modifications that remain consistent with the spirit of the invention and are readily conceived by those skilled in the art are naturally included within the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, to make the description clearer, the width, thickness, shape, etc., of various parts in the drawings are sometimes schematically shown compared to the actual form; ultimately, this is just an example and does not limit the interpretation of this disclosure. Additionally, in this specification and the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used for elements that are the same as those described in the previously included drawings, and detailed descriptions are sometimes appropriately omitted.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view showing the main components of the display device 50. The display device 50 includes a first substrate 51 and a second substrate 52. The first substrate 51 and the second substrate 52 are light-transmitting substrates. The first substrate 51 and the second substrate 52 are glass substrates, but resin substrates may also be used. The first substrate 51 and the second substrate 52 are positioned opposite each other with a liquid crystal layer 53 separating them.

[0040] Hereinafter, the opposing direction of the first substrate 51 and the second substrate 52 is defined as the Z direction. Furthermore, one of the two directions along a plane orthogonal to the Z direction is defined as the X direction, and the other as the Y direction. The X direction and the Y direction are orthogonal.

[0041] A circuit forming layer 511 is stacked on the surface of the first substrate 51 on the side of the liquid crystal layer 53. The circuit forming layer 511 includes pixel electrodes individually disposed on sub-pixels, common electrodes shared by multiple sub-pixels, switching elements connected to the pixel electrodes, and wiring connecting the switching elements to a driver circuit of the display device 50 (not shown) (e.g., described later). Figure 6The circuit forming layer 511 has multiple configurations, including the signal lines SGL shown, insulating layers that insulate the portions between them, and so on. Multiple layers are stacked to form these configurations. A sub-pixel is, for example, any one of the first sub-pixel Rpix, the second sub-pixel Gpix, and the third sub-pixel Bpix, described later. Unless otherwise specified, the term "sub-pixel" includes these first sub-pixel Rpix, second sub-pixel Gpix, and third sub-pixel Bpix. In a modified example, a fourth sub-pixel Wpix may also be included. Furthermore, the sub-pixels are not limited to these specific sub-pixels, but are appropriately set in relation to the color of the light passing through the color filter.

[0042] A light-shielding barrier 55, a resin layer 54, a black matrix BM, a color filter layer CF, and an OC (over coat) layer 56 are stacked on the surface of the second substrate 52 on the side of the liquid crystal layer 53.

[0043] The light-shielding barrier 55 is a light-shielding layer with a plurality of openings 551 of a predetermined size provided at predetermined intervals in the X and Y directions. Each opening 551 is a hole penetrating the light-shielding barrier 55 in the Z direction. The openings 551 allow light passing through the color filter layer CF to pass through. The configuration of the openings 551 will be described later.

[0044] Resin layer 54 is a layer made of transparent resin. Specifically, resin layer 54 is formed, for example, by coating a colorless photoresist, but it can also be formed by bonding a thin film of photoresist. Furthermore, resin layer 54 can also be formed using coating methods such as needle coating / slit coating or spin / slit coating. Examples of transparent resins for resin layer 54 include acrylic and polyimide-based resins, but it is not limited to these; other transparent resins that perform the same function can also be used.

[0045] The color filter layer CF includes multiple color filters (e.g., a first color filter CF1, a second color filter CF2, and a third color filter CF3). The first color filter CF1 allows light of a first color (e.g., red (R)) to pass through, while blocking or absorbing light of other wavelengths. The second color filter CF2 allows light of a second color (e.g., green (G)) to pass through, while blocking or absorbing light of other wavelengths. The third color filter CF3 allows light of a third color (e.g., blue (B)) to pass through, while blocking or absorbing light of other wavelengths. From a top-down viewpoint, each color filter is divided by a grid-like black matrix BM. The top-down viewpoint refers to the viewpoint of a plane orthogonal to the Z-direction (XY plane) viewed from the front. The black matrix BM blocks light. The OC layer 56 is a resin layer between the color filter layer CF and the liquid crystal layer 53 that protects the light transmittance of the color filter layer CF.

[0046] The color filter layer CF may include a portion of a first color filter CF1, a second color filter CF2, and a third color filter CF3, or it may include other color filters different from the first color filter CF1, the second color filter CF2, and the third color filter CF3. Additionally, the color filter layer CF may also include a light-transmitting portion with or without a colorless filter. Furthermore, the color filter layer CF may also include a light-blocking portion (see reference). Figure 17 (Example of "Black Output Allocation"). The light-shielding part can be formed by extending from the black matrix BM, or a component separate from the black matrix BM can be provided.

[0047] The display device 50 displays images that appear different when viewed from multiple viewpoints arranged along the X direction. Figure 1 The diagram schematically illustrates the states in which different images are displayed to viewpoints U1, U2, and U3 arranged in the X direction. Ray LL1 schematically represents the ray of light from the image visually recognized at viewpoint U1. Ray LL2 schematically represents the ray of light from the image visually recognized at viewpoint U2. Ray LL3 schematically represents the ray of light from the image visually recognized at viewpoint U3.

[0048] The exit angles of two rays of light directed towards each of two adjacent viewpoints in the X-direction differ by an angle θ. Figure 1 The example illustrates the cases where ray LL2 is inclined at an angle θ relative to the Z direction towards the X direction, ray LL1 is inclined at an angle θ relative to the Z direction towards the X direction, and ray LL3 is inclined at an angle θ relative to the Z direction towards the X direction. The angle θ is, for example, 35°, but is not limited to this and can be changed appropriately.

[0049] Although not illustrated, a light source is provided on the side opposite to the viewpoints U1, U2, and U3, across the display device 50, to illuminate at least the display device 50. This light source emits light represented by rays LL1, LL2, and LL3.

[0050] The arrangement spacing of the various color filters included in the color filter layer CF in the X direction is the sub-pixel spacing p. Additionally, the arrangement spacing in the X direction of the region including one of two adjacent openings 551 in the X direction and the area of ​​the light-shielding barrier 55 located between the two openings 551 is the barrier spacing q. Hereinafter, when the spacing of the openings 551 is described, it refers to the arrangement spacing of this region as the barrier spacing q. Furthermore, the distance in the Z direction between the side of the second substrate 52 where the light-shielding barrier 55 is disposed and the side of the OC layer 56 that contacts the liquid crystal layer 53 is the distance d. Here, as an example, it is assumed that the openings 551 are filled by the resin layer 54, and the thickness of the resin layer 54 includes the thickness of the light-shielding barrier 55 in the Z direction.

[0051] The distance d corresponds to the angle θ and the arrangement spacing of the sub-pixels in the X direction, i.e., the sub-pixel spacing p. The distance d is shown in Equation (1). In Equation (1), tan represents tangent. In Equation (1), asin represents arcsine. In Equation (1), sin represents sine. In Equation (1), n ​​is a coefficient (e.g., 1.5) corresponding to the difference in refractive index of light between the display device 50 and the air between the display device 50 and the viewpoints (e.g., viewpoints U1, U2, U3). In Equation (1), p is the value of the sub-pixel spacing p. In Equation (1), θ is the value of the angle θ.

[0052] d=p / tan(asin(sinθ / n))…(1)

[0053] Furthermore, the subpixel spacing p is shown in equation (2). In equation (2), ppi is the resolution of the display device 50. Resolution is the number of pixels. m is the number of subpixels contained in a single pixel. For example, as... Figure 1 As shown, in the display device 50 equipped with a first color filter CF1, a second color filter CF2, and a third color filter CF3, a first sub-pixel Rpix, a second sub-pixel Gpix, and a third sub-pixel Bpix are provided as sub-pixels (see reference). Figure 7 (etc.). In this case, m = 3. The distance d expressed by equation (1) and the sub-pixel spacing p expressed by equation (2) are in micrometers (μm).

[0054] p=25.4×1000 / ppi×m…(2)

[0055] The thickness in the Z direction (in μm) represented by the distance d value (d) shown in (1) above is around 100 or less, depending on the combination of the angle θ value (θ) and the subpixel spacing p value (p). For example, when ppi = 200 and m = 3, p is approximately 42.3. When p = 42.3 and θ = 35, d is approximately 102.3. Furthermore, when ppi = 300 and m = 3, p is approximately 28.2. When p = 28.2 and θ = 35, d is approximately 68.2. In addition, the value of d becomes smaller when θ is larger. For example, when the number of users visually recognizing a single image (the number of viewpoints) is two viewpoints, it is sometimes θ = 70.

[0056] Assuming that resin layer 54 is not provided, it is necessary to... Figure 1A light-shielding barrier 55, located between the resin layer 54 and the second substrate 52, is disposed on the viewpoint side (display surface) of the second substrate 52, such that the thickness of the laminated structure including the second substrate 52, the color filter layer CF, and the OC layer 56 in the Z direction is equal to the aforementioned distance d. Here, the thickness of the color filter layer CF and the OC layer 56 can typically be formed to be 1 to 2 μm. However, it is technically difficult to make the thickness of the second substrate 52 approximately 100 μm. In particular, it is very difficult to make the thickness of the second substrate 52 less than 100 μm.

[0057] Therefore, in this embodiment, by providing a resin layer 54 between the second substrate 52 and the liquid crystal layer 53, and by providing a light-shielding barrier 55 between the second substrate 52 and the resin layer 54, it is possible to accommodate the distance d plus the thickness of the resin layer 54 in the Z direction without affecting the thickness of the second substrate 52. Thus, the required distance d can be easily achieved.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the sealed liquid crystal layer 53. For example... Figure 2 As shown, a sealing member 58 is provided at the end of the display device 50. The sealing member 58 is located between the circuit forming layer 511 stacked on the first substrate 51 and the OC layer 56 stacked on the second substrate 52. The sealing member 58 is configured to surround and seal the liquid crystal layer 53 along the outer periphery of the display device 50 from a top viewpoint. Figure 2 And the following Figure 3 and Figure 4 An example is shown at one end of the display device 50 in the X direction, but the other end in the X direction and both ends in the Y direction have the same structure.

[0059] A sealing component 58 is disposed in the non-display area NAA. The non-display area NAA is the area enclosed by the display area AA along the outer periphery of the display device 50 from a top-view perspective. The non-display area NAA is not used for image display output. The display area AA is the area used for image display output. Figure 2 In the diagram, the dashed line represents the boundary line BL between the non-display area NAA and the display area AA.

[0060] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, spacers 57 are distributed between the circuit forming layer 511, which is sealed with liquid crystal layer 53, and the OC layer 56. The spacers 57 maintain the distance in the Z direction (liquid crystal layer gap) between the circuit forming layer 511 and the OC layer 56 at a predetermined distance.

[0061] The structure of the sealed liquid crystal layer 53 is not limited to the reference. Figure 2 The structure of the explanation. See below for reference. Figure 3 and Figure 4Other structural examples of the sealed liquid crystal layer 53 will be described. It should be noted that... Figure 3 Display device 50A and Figure 4 The display device 50B, except for the structure of the sealed liquid crystal layer 53, is similar to... Figure 2 Apart from the differences, it has the same configuration as the display device 50.

[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the sealed liquid crystal layer 53. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the resin layer 54 and the color filter layer CF may also be omitted near the end of the display device 50 where the sealing member 58 is located. Figure 3 The diagram shows a stepped portion 59 resulting from the absence of a resin layer 54 and a color filter layer CF near this end. It should be noted that, as... Figure 3 As shown, the corner of the stepped portion 59 of the color filter layer CF is covered by the OC layer 56. On the other hand, as... Figure 3 As shown, the corner of the stepped portion 59 side of the resin layer 54 can contact the liquid crystal layer 53.

[0063] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the sealed liquid crystal layer 53. For example... Figure 4 As shown, a resin layer 54 may also be provided on the sealing member 58 side across the step portion 59a. In the step portion 59a, neither the resin layer 54 nor the color filter layer CF is provided, and a portion of the sealing member 58 extends into the step portion 59a. In the large area near the end of the display device 50B further than the step portion 59a, where the sealing member 58 is located, the color filter layer CF is not provided, but the resin layer 54 is provided.

[0064] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an example of the process involved in manufacturing the display device 50. A light-shielding barrier 55 is formed on the second substrate 52 (step S1). During step S1, an opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55 is also formed. A resin layer 54 is formed on the second substrate 52 after step S1 (step S2). A black matrix BM and a color filter layer CF are formed on the second substrate 52 after step S2 (step S3).

[0065] After step S3, the first substrate 51 and the second substrate 52, on which the circuit formation layer 511 is formed, are bonded together, and the liquid crystal layer 53 is sealed (step S4). The sealing member 58 is disposed on the display device 50 during step S4. It should be noted that the deposition of the circuit formation layer 511 onto the first substrate 51 can be performed in parallel with steps S1 to S3, or before or after any of steps S1 to S3.

[0066] After step S4, etching (thinning) is performed on the laminated substrate formed by bonding the first substrate 51 and the second substrate 52 (step S5). After step S5, the polarizing layer is laminated onto the laminated substrate and other components are mounted (step S6), and the manufacturing of the display device 50 is completed.

[0067] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between sub-pixel spacing p and barrier spacing q. Figure 6 Point SP, as shown, represents the display area AA (refer to...). Figure 2 The center position of the opening 551 in the X direction. The opening width of the opening 551 in the X direction is the same as or approximately equal to the sub-pixel spacing p. On the other hand, the barrier spacing q in the X direction is less than k times the sub-pixel spacing p. k is the number (types) of images simultaneously output by the display device 50, which is basically equal to the predetermined number of viewpoints. At each of the multiple viewpoints (e.g., viewpoints U1, U2, U3), one of the k types of images can be visually recognized, and the images that can be visually recognized at each viewpoint are different. k is a natural number greater than 2.

[0068] It should be noted that, in Figure 6 The example shown is for k=4. The values ​​of 1, 2, 3, and 4 marked below the color filter layer CF are consistent with those described later. Figure 7 The numerical values ​​"1", "2", "3", and "4" marked on the sub-pixels correspond to these values. Additionally, Figure 6 The signal line SGL shown is contained within the circuit formation layer 511. Figure 6 In the example shown, the position of the signal line SGL in the X direction corresponds to the position of the black matrix BM in the X direction.

[0069] The barrier spacing q is less than k times the sub-pixel spacing p so that each color filter (sub-pixel) arranged in the X direction can be visually identified from a predetermined viewpoint through the opening 551 as a different color filter (sub-pixel). In other words, to ensure that the light reaching each viewpoint through an opening 551 does not contain light passing through multiple color filters, the barrier spacing q needs to be less than k times the sub-pixel spacing p. Therefore, assuming the opening width of the opening 551 in the X direction is the same as the sub-pixel spacing p, the width of the light-blocking area in the X direction between two openings 551 arranged in the X direction in the light-blocking barrier 55 (hereinafter referred to as the width of the light-blocking area in the X direction) is less than (k-1) times the sub-pixel spacing p.

[0070] In the case described below as "an area with an arrangement of r sub-pixels and covered by a light-blocking barrier 55", refer to... Figure 6The illustration shows that by making the barrier spacing q less than k times the sub-pixel spacing p, the width of the light-shielding area in the X direction is slightly smaller than (k-1) times. r is a natural number obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of viewpoints (k) (r = k-1). That is, in the description of "an area with an arrangement of r sub-pixels and covered by the light-shielding barrier 55", "equivalent to r sub-pixels" means that the width of the light-shielding area in the X direction is not strictly "r sub-pixels" but "less than r sub-pixels".

[0071] Next, refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 as well as Figure 9 The mechanism by which multiple images are individually output by combining the color of light passing through the color filter layer CF with the light passage position defined by the light shielding barrier 55 and the opening 551 is explained.

[0072] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the relationship between the subpixel configuration and the user identification number of each subpixel for visual recognition. The first subpixel Rpix is ​​the subpixel of the first color filter CF1 located on the ray of light perceived by the user (e.g., any of viewpoints U1, U2, U3). The second subpixel Gpix is ​​the subpixel of the second color filter CF2 located on the ray of light perceived by the user (e.g., any of viewpoints U1, U2, U3). The third subpixel Bpix is ​​the subpixel of the third color filter CF3 located on the ray of light perceived by the user (e.g., any of viewpoints U1, U2, U3). Figure 7 The accompanying drawings, which show the arrangement of subpixels and the user's identification number for each subpixel, are structured as follows: Although there is only one rectangular area labeled with the first subpixel Rpix, the second subpixel Gpix, and the third subpixel Bpix, rectangular areas labeled with the same dot pattern can be labeled with the same reference numeral.

[0073] Figure 7 The rows n, (n+1), and (n+2) of subpixels shown are rows of three subpixels arranged in the Y direction from among the multiple rows of subpixels disposed on the display device 50. Hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, "row" refers to a row of subpixels. In each row, a first subpixel Rpix, a second subpixel Gpix, and a third subpixel Bpix are periodically arranged along the X direction. Figure 7 In the image, starting from one side of the X direction in each row and moving towards the other, the subpixes are periodically arranged in the order of second subpixel Gpix, third subpixel Bpix, and first subpixel Rpix. However, this arrangement is just one example and is not limited to it; it can be changed appropriately. Figure 7In the above, the column containing the second sub-pixel Gpix arranged in the Y direction is marked with "G". Similarly, the column containing the third sub-pixel Bpix arranged in the Y direction is marked with "B". Furthermore, the column containing the first sub-pixel Rpix arranged in the Y direction is marked with "R". Hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, "column" refers to a column of subpixels.

[0074] The image is displayed and output by providing pixel signals based on image data input from the external display device 50 to each sub-pixel and controlling the degree of light transmitted through each sub-pixel according to the grayscale value shown by the pixel signals.

[0075] Specifically, the amount of light transmitted through the sub-pixel corresponds to the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules contained in the liquid crystal layer 53. The orientation of the liquid crystal molecules contained in the liquid crystal layer 53 is controlled based on the potential difference between the pixel electrode and the common electrode included in the circuit forming layer 511. Pixel electrodes are provided individually for each sub-pixel. The common electrode is shared by multiple sub-pixels. Pixel signals are provided individually to the pixel electrodes, making the potential of the pixel electrodes corresponding to the intensity of the pixel signal. This controls the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules between the pixel electrode of each sub-pixel and the color filter layer CF.

[0076] exist Figure 7 In the above, the rays of light located at viewpoint U1 that are visually recognized (e.g.) Figure 1 The subpixel on the ray LL1 shown is labeled "1". Additionally, for rays of light visually recognized at viewpoint U2 (e.g., Figure 1 The subpixel on the ray LL2 shown is labeled "2". Additionally, for rays of light visually recognized at viewpoint U3 (e.g., Figure 1 The subpixel labeled "3" on the ray LL3 shown.

[0077] Figure 8 This diagram shows an example of the position of the opening 551 located in the light-shielding barrier 55. Figure 8 In the light-shielding barrier 55 shown, with Figure 7 The calculation of the number of subpixels shown indicates that an opening 551 corresponding to one subpixel is provided in a region where three subpixels are arranged consecutively in the X direction. In other words, in a region where three subpixels are arranged consecutively, the light corresponding to two subpixels is blocked by the light-blocking barrier 55, while the light corresponding to the remaining subpixel passes through the opening 551 and reaches the user (e.g., viewpoints U1, U2, U3) (see reference). Figure 1 More specifically, for example, in... Figure 1When the second user visually identifies the display device with the light-shielding barrier 55 from viewpoint U2, the second user primarily visually identifies it through the opening 551 of the light-shielding barrier 55. Figure 7 The subpixels marked "2" are grouped together to form an image (the image used by viewpoint U2). At this time, the first user simultaneously... Figure 1 When the viewpoint U1 shown visually identifies the display device with the light-shielding barrier 55, the first user primarily visually identifies it through the opening 551 of the light-shielding barrier 55. Figure 7 The subpixels marked "1" are grouped together to form an image (the image used by viewpoint U1). At this time, a third user simultaneously... Figure 1 When the viewpoint U3 visually identifies the display device with the light-shielding barrier 55, the third user primarily visually identifies it through the opening 551 of the light-shielding barrier 55. Figure 7 The subpixels marked "3" form an image (the image used by viewpoint U3) by grouping the subpixels marked "3".

[0078] The openings 551 in each row are equally spaced. That is, an area with two sub-pixels arranged in the X direction is covered by the light-blocking barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction forms an opening 551. These openings are arranged alternately in the X direction along each row. Furthermore, the position of the opening 551 in row n is offset by one sub-pixel from the position of the opening 551 in row (n+1) in the negative X direction. Additionally, the position of the opening 551 in row (n+1) is offset by one sub-pixel from the position of the opening 551 in row (n+2) in the negative X direction. Furthermore, the position of the opening 551 in row (n+2) is offset by two sub-pixels from the position of the opening 551 in row n in the negative X direction.

[0079] Figure 9 This is a map representing the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from each of the U2, U1, and U3 viewpoints. The U2 viewpoint refers to... Figure 1 The viewpoint U2 shown is the viewpoint of the observation display device 50. The viewpoint U1 refers to the viewpoint from... Figure 1 The viewpoint U1 shown is the viewpoint from which the display device 50 is observed. The viewpoint U3 refers to the viewpoint from which the device is viewed. Figure 1 The viewpoint shown is U3, which observes the viewpoint of the display device 50. It should be noted that... Figure 9 In the accompanying drawings and thereafter, the areas marked with values ​​such as "1", "2", "3" or symbols such as "+" and "-" in the "Schematic Diagram of the Visible Area" or the "Schematic Diagram of the Visible Area" represent sub-pixels that can be visually identified by the user through the opening 551.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, users (e.g., viewpoints U1, U2, U3) visually identify the light that passes through the opening 551 from the light illuminating the back side of the display device 50 and passing through the liquid crystal layer 53 and the color filter layer CF. Therefore, the sub-pixels that can be seen by the user are limited to the sub-pixels that overlap with the opening 551 in the line of sight.

[0081] like Figure 9 As shown, from the U2 viewpoint, visual recognition is possible. Figure 7 The subpixel marked "2". On the other hand, from the U2 viewpoint, it cannot be visually identified. Figure 7 Subpixels with values ​​other than "2" ("1" or "3"). Similarly, from the U1 viewpoint, they can be visually identified. Figure 7 The subpixel marked with "1". Additionally, from the U3 viewpoint, it can be visually identified. Figure 7 The subpixel marked "3" is used. Therefore, by assigning pixel signals to the subpixel marked "2" corresponding to the image for viewpoint U2, to the subpixel marked "1" corresponding to the image for viewpoint U1, and to the subpixel marked "3" corresponding to the image for viewpoint U3, individual images can be displayed and output to viewpoints U1, U2, and U3. Pixel signals are assigned to each subpixel in this way with reference... Figure 8 The configuration of the opening 551 described above corresponds to the configuration of the opening 551. In other words, the pixel signal allocation control is performed in accordance with the configuration of the opening 551.

[0082] However, in Figure 9 In the example shown, regardless of the user's viewpoint, the number of visually recognizable subpixels in each row is only one. For example, in Figure 9 From the U2 viewpoint shown, the image is structured as follows: in row n, the second sub-pix (Gpix) is primarily visually identifiable; in row (n+1), the first sub-pix (Rpix) is primarily visually identifiable; and in row (n+2), the third sub-pix (Bpix) is primarily visually identifiable. When the type of visually identifiable sub-pixels in each row is the same, the color is unified row by row. Consequently, the user visually perceives color separation in each row, which can sometimes produce unpredictable coloring in the image, or allow the user to visually perceive striped patterns in the Y direction caused by this color separation. These striped patterns are not originally included in the display format of the output image but are determined based on a reference... Figure 7 The description includes the number of sub-pixel types, the row direction arrangement of sub-pixels, pixel signal control, and references. Figure 8 This is generated based on the configuration of the light-shielding barrier 55 and the opening 551, and the corresponding relationship between the number of output images (the number of users who visually recognize the images individually).

[0083] Therefore, in this implementation, the number of sub-pixel types is not proportional to the number of output images. Specifically, the number of sub-pixel types and the number of output images are predetermined such that the common divisor of the number of sub-pixel types and the number of output images (i.e., the number of viewpoints provided by one opening) is only 1. This ensures that the number of visually recognizable sub-pixels in each row is not limited to one type.

[0084] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the distribution of pixel signals, the shading pattern, and the correspondence between the visible area at the U2 viewpoint. For example... Figure 10 As shown in the "allocation example," in this implementation, sub-pixels are labeled with any of the following: "1," "2," "3," and "4." The sub-pixels labeled "1," "2," and "3" are associated with a reference... Figure 7 The same applies to the description. The subpixel marked "4" is a subpixel that can be visually identified from other viewpoints that are different from the U1, U2, and U3 viewpoints. The shading pattern schematically illustrates the configuration of the opening 551 from a top-down viewpoint, including the shading area formed by the shading barrier 55 and the non-shading area formed by the opening 551.

[0085] like Figure 10 As shown in the "allocation example," each row contains four sub-pixels arranged in the X direction, including one sub-pixel each of "1," "2," "3," and "4." Furthermore, the cycle of generating sub-pixels arranged in the order of "1," "2," "3," and "4" repeats in a pattern from one side of the X direction to the other in each row. Moreover, the difference between the numbering of one side and the numbering of the other side of adjacent sub-pixels in the Y direction in each column is 2. That is, columns where "1" and "3" alternate from one side of the Y direction to the other and columns where "2" and "4" alternate from one side of the Y direction to the other are arranged alternately in the X direction.

[0086] The light-shielding barrier 55 and opening 551 of the embodiment are as follows Figure 10 As shown in the "light-shielding pattern", in terms of the number of sub-pixels, an opening 551 corresponding to one sub-pixel is provided in an area where four sub-pixels are arranged continuously in the X direction. Specifically, in each pixel row, an area with three sub-pixels arranged in the X direction is covered by the light-shielding barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is formed as an opening 551, which are arranged alternately in the X direction. In addition, the positions of the openings 551 in one of two adjacent rows (e.g., row n and row (n+1)) in the Y direction are offset by two sub-pixels in the positive X direction.

[0087] By the above Figure 10 The combination of the "allocation example" and the "shading pattern," as shown in the "visible area of ​​viewpoint U2," allows for visual identification of the output image containing the first sub-pixel Rpix, the second sub-pixel Gpix, and the third sub-pixel Bpix in each row from viewpoint U2. Additionally, from... Figure 10 As can be clearly seen from the “allocation example”, viewpoints U1 and U3, like viewpoint U2, are also able to visually identify the output image containing the first sub-pix Rpix, the second sub-pix Gpix, and the third sub-pix Bpix in each row through each opening 551.

[0088] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the angular ranges A1, A2, A3, and A4 of each sub-pixel of “1”, “2”, “3”, and “4” in the “allocation example” that can be visually recognized. Figure 11 The angle range A1 represents the viewing angle range within which the sub-pixel "1" can be visually recognized. Angle range A2 represents the viewing angle range within which the sub-pixel "2" can be visually recognized. Angle range A3 represents the viewing angle range within which the sub-pixel "3" can be visually recognized. Angle range A4 represents the viewing angle range within which the sub-pixel "4" can be visually recognized.

[0089] like Figure 11 As shown, angle range A2 extends to both sides of the X direction with the Z direction as the center. Angle range A1 is more inclined to one side of the X direction than angle range A2. Angle range A3 is more inclined to the other side of the X direction than angle range A2. Angle range A4 is further inclined to the outer side of the X direction than angle ranges A2 and A3.

[0090] Figure 11 The angle θ shown is the same as the reference angle. Figure 1 The angle θ is the same. That is, Figure 11 The angle ranges A1, A2, A3 and the two angle ranges A4 shown are each, for example, a 35° range centered on point SP.

[0091] By setting the light-blocking pattern to be as referenced Figure 10 and Figure 11 As explained, within the angular ranges A1, A2, A3, and A4 of each sub-pixel capable of visually recognizing "1", "2", "3", and "4", it is possible to visually recognize individual images and control the movement of the sub-pixels, thereby suppressing the generation of reference images. Figure 9 The striped pattern in the Y direction as described.

[0092] Furthermore, in the implementation method, the inversion driving method is determined so that the polarity of the pixel due to the inversion driving does not become biased at each viewpoint. Before this description, refer to... Figure 12 The typical column reversal driving method is explained.

[0093] Figure 12 This diagram illustrates the correspondence between the polarity of each sub-pixel and the visible area from the U2 viewpoint when using the column-inverted driving method. The column-inverted driving method unifies the polarity of sub-pixels within a column while making the polarities of adjacent columns different. The polarity of a sub-pixel depends on the potential difference between the potential of the pixel electrode set on each sub-pixel and the potential of the common electrode shared by multiple sub-pixels. Figure 12 In the diagram, subpixels with a higher potential for their pixel electrode than for the shared electrode are marked with a "+". Conversely, subpixels with a lower potential for their pixel electrode than for the shared electrode are marked with a "-". The polarity of the pixels changes periodically.

[0094] like Figure 12 As shown in the "column inversion polarity" diagram, in the column inversion driving method, the polarity of the sub-pixels contained in one of two adjacent columns is uniformly "+", and the polarity of the sub-pixels contained in the other column is uniformly "-". (Refer to...) Figure 10 The illustration describes the situation where, under the U2 viewpoint, a sub-pixel with such polarity is observed, such as... Figure 12 As shown in the "U2 viewpoint visible area," all visually recognizable sub-pixels have the same polarity. Figure 12 In the example shown by "U2 viewpoint visible area", all subpixels are "-", but "+" and "-" alternate periodically. Additionally, in the reference... Figure 10 When the control of subpixels and the combination of light-blocking patterns employ a column-inverted driving method, the polarity of subpixels that can be visually recognized simultaneously from one viewpoint is unified into a single polarity, even when viewed from other viewpoints. Therefore, when the polarity is inverted by inverting the subpixels, the polarity of the entire image is inverted. When the polarity of the entire image is periodically inverted, it may sometimes be visually perceived as flickering in the display output.

[0095] Therefore, in the implementation method, when using reference Figure 10 In the case of the combination of sub-pixel control and light-blocking pattern, an inversion drive method other than column inversion drive method is adopted.

[0096] Figure 13 This diagram illustrates the correspondence between the polarity of each sub-pixel and the visible area under the U2 viewpoint when using a two-column inversion driving method. The two-column inversion driving method unifies the polarity of sub-pixels within a column and differentiates the polarities over a period of two columns. For example... Figure 13As shown in the "two-column inverted polarity" diagram, in the two-column inverted driving mode, the sub-pixels in two out of four consecutive columns in the X direction have a unified polarity of "+", while the sub-pixels in the other two columns have a unified polarity of "-". Furthermore, the sub-pixels in one of the two adjacent columns have the same polarity as the sub-pixels in that column. Conversely, the sub-pixels in the other of the two adjacent columns have a different polarity than the sub-pixels in that column. (Refer to...) Figure 10 The illustration describes the situation where, under the U2 viewpoint, a sub-pixel with such polarity is observed, such as... Figure 13 As shown in the “U2 viewpoint visible area”, visually recognizable subpixels with polarity “+” and subpixels with polarity “-” coexist.

[0097] Figure 14 This diagram illustrates the correspondence between the polarity of each sub-pixel and the visible area under the U2 viewpoint when using the dot-inversion driving method. The dot-inversion driving method distinguishes the polarities of adjacent sub-pixels in the X and Y directions. For example... Figure 13 As shown in the "dot inversion polarity" diagram, in the dot inversion driving method, two adjacent sub-pixels in the Y direction within a column have different polarities. Additionally, in the dot inversion driving method, two adjacent sub-pixels in the X direction within a row have different polarities. (Refer to...) Figure 10 The illustration describes the situation where, under the U2 viewpoint, a sub-pixel with such polarity is observed, such as... Figure 13 As shown in the “U2 viewpoint visible area”, visually recognizable subpixels with polarity “+” and subpixels with polarity “-” coexist.

[0098] For reference Figure 13 and Figure 14 As explained, even when the polarity of sub-pixels simultaneously visually recognized from a viewpoint is uniform when using a certain inversion driving method (such as column inversion driving method), it is possible to use other inversion driving methods (such as two-column inversion driving method or point inversion driving method) to make sub-pixels with polarity "+" and sub-pixels with polarity "-" simultaneously visually recognized from a viewpoint coexist.

[0099] (Modified Example)

[0100] The above is based on reference. Figure 10 The described configuration illustrates the implementation method, but the implementation methods involved in this disclosure are not limited thereto. Hereinafter, variations of the implementation methods will be described.

[0101] (Variation Example 1)

[0102] Figure 15This is a diagram showing the pixel signal allocation example, the shading pattern, and the correspondence between the visible area under the U2 viewpoint in Modification Example 1. Figure 15 The "allocation example" is similar to the pattern in which four sub-pixels arranged along the X direction in each row contain one sub-pixel each of the numbers "1", "2", "3", and "4", and the generated sub-pixels are arranged in the order of "1", "2", "3", and "4" in a cycle that repeats from one side of the X direction to the other. Figure 10 The "allocation example" is the same.

[0103] On the other hand, regarding which of the sub-pixels arranged in the Y direction in each column is assigned the mode "1", "2", "3", or "4", Figure 15 The "allocation example" and Figure 10 The "allocation examples" are different.

[0104] Specifically, in Figure 15 In the "allocation example", at one end of the column (e.g. Figure 15 In the column of subpixels with a subpixel value of "1" at the top edge (of the column), subpixels "1", "2", "3", and "4" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other. Similarly, if a subpixel at one end of the column has a subpixel value of "2", the same applies to subpixels.

[0105] The light-shielding barrier 55 and opening 551 of Modified Example 1 are as follows Figure 15 As shown in the "light-blocking pattern", based on the number of sub-pixels, an opening 551 corresponding to one sub-pixel is provided in the area where four sub-pixels are arranged continuously in the X direction. This is consistent with... Figure 10 The "light-shielding pattern" is the same. Specifically, in each pixel row, an area with three sub-pixels arranged in the X direction is covered by the light-shielding barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is formed as an opening 551, which are arranged alternately in the X direction.

[0106] However, as Figure 15 As shown in the "light-shielding pattern", the light-shielding barrier 55 and the opening 551 of Modified Example 1 are similar to... Figure 10The "light-blocking pattern" is different. Specifically, the position of the opening 551 of the middle row ((n+1) row) among three adjacent rows in the Y direction (e.g., from row n to (n+2) row) is offset by two sub-pixels from the position of the opening 551 of one row (n row) among the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction. Furthermore, the position of the opening 551 of this middle row ((n+1) row) is offset by one sub-pixel from the position of the opening 551 of the other row ((n+2) row) among the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction. The negative direction is the opposite of the positive direction.

[0107] As a more specific example, the configuration of an opening 551 in a region corresponding to 16 sub-pixels arranged in a matrix within a 4x4 area, located on one side in the Y direction and one side in the X direction, will be described. The positions of the other openings 551 in this region are: the second row from the Y direction and the third column from the X direction; the third row from the Y direction and the fourth column from the X direction; and the fourth row from the Y direction and the second column from the X direction. Figure 15 In the figure, the range of 4 rows × 4 columns is marked with the figure label FA1.

[0108] By the above Figure 15 The combination of the "allocation example" and the "shading pattern," as shown in the "U2 viewpoint visible area," allows viewpoint U2 to visually identify the output image containing the first sub-pixel Rpix, the second sub-pixel Gpix, and the third sub-pixel Bpix in each row. Additionally, from... Figure 15 As can be clearly seen from the “allocation example”, viewpoints U1 and U3, like viewpoint U2, are also able to visually recognize the output image containing the first sub-pix Rpix, the second sub-pix Gpix, and the third sub-pix Bpix in each row.

[0109] According to reference Figure 15 The combination of "allocation example" and "shading pattern" in the modified example 1, even in the column inversion driving mode, will not unify the polarity of the sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from a single viewpoint into a single polarity.

[0110] Figure 16 These are diagrams representing the polarity of sub-pixels in the visible area of ​​the U2 viewpoint under column-inverted driving mode, two-column-inverted driving mode, and point-inverted driving mode, respectively. It should be noted that the sub-pixel polarity under column-inverted driving mode is shown in the reference diagram. Figure 12 This is explained by the "column inversion polarity". Additionally, the sub-pixel polarity when using a two-column inversion driving method is as shown in the reference. Figure 13This is explained by the "two-column inverted polarity". Additionally, the sub-pixel polarity when using the dot-inverted driving method is as shown in the reference. Figure 14 This is explained by the "point reversal polarity".

[0111] like Figure 16 As shown, based on the combination of the "allocation example" and the "shading pattern" in Modification Example 1, regardless of whether it is the column inversion driving method, the two-column driving inversion driving method, or the point inversion driving method, it is possible to make sub-pixels with polarity "+" and sub-pixels with polarity "-" that are visually recognized from a viewpoint coexist.

[0112] (Variation Example 2)

[0113] Figure 17 This is a diagram illustrating the pixel signal allocation example in Modification Example 2. Alternatively, as in Modification Example 2, the state of the sub-pixel located at position "4" in Modification Example 1 can be different from that in Modification Example 1.

[0114] Specifically, for example Figure 17 As shown, it can also be Figure 15 In the "Assignment Example", the subpixel marked "4" is assigned to either white or black output. Figure 17 In the "White Output Allocation Example", the sub-pixels allocated to white output are labeled "W". Figure 17 In the "Black Output Allocation Example", the subpixel assigned to black output is marked "b". White output can be a color reproduction achieved by subtractive mixing of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light, or the color filter set on the subpixel marked "W" can be colorless or omitted. Black output can be achieved by minimizing the amount of light passing through the subpixel, that is, assigning the lowest gray value to the subpixel, or by using a black matrix BM to block the position of the subpixel marked "B" to prevent light from passing through that subpixel.

[0115] (Variation Example 3)

[0116] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating an example of pixel signal allocation in Modification 3. Alternatively, as in Modification 3, the sub-pixel located at position "4" in the embodiment can be allocated to the output image of viewpoint U3 (or viewpoint U1). Figure 18 The example shown illustrates the output of an image where the subpixel located at position "4" in the implementation is assigned to the U3 viewpoint. That is, for the image in... Figure 10 The sub-pixel located at position "4" in the "allocation example" is... Figure 18 Mark "3" in the middle.

[0117] Figure 19It indicates the ability to visually recognize references. Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the angular ranges A1, A2, A3, A3a, and A3b of the sub-pixels "1", "2", and "3" in the "Assignment Example" description. Figure 19 In the example shown, Figure 11 The angular range A4 becomes angular ranges A3a and A3b. Within angular ranges A3a and A3b, the subpixels of the character "3" can be visually recognized in the same way as in angular range A3. According to variation 3, the range of images that a specific user (e.g., viewpoint U3) can visually recognize can be further expanded.

[0118] It should be noted that, in reference Figure 18 and Figure 19 In the illustrated example, the subpixel located at position "4" in the implementation is assigned to the output of the image from viewpoint U3, but it could also be assigned to the output of the image from viewpoint U1. In this case, Figure 19 In the angular ranges A3a and A3b, the sub-pixels of “1” can be visually identified in the same way as in the angular range A1.

[0119] (Variation Example 4)

[0120] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating the pixel signal allocation example in Variation Example 4. In Variation Example 4, sub-pixels are labeled with any of the following: "1", "2", "3", "4", and "5". The sub-pixels labeled "1", "2", "3", and "4" are related to the reference... Figure 7 and Figure 10 The explanation is the same. The subpixel marked "5" is a subpixel that can be visually recognized from a viewpoint different from U1, U2, U3, and the viewpoint that can visually recognize the subpixel marked "4". That is, in Figure 20 In this process, separate images are output for each of the five viewpoints.

[0121] exist Figure 20 In "Five Viewpoint Image Allocation Example 1" and "Five Viewpoint Image Allocation Example 2", the five sub-pixels arranged in the X direction in each row include one sub-pixel each of the numbers "1", "2", "3", "4", and "5". In addition, a pattern is generated in which the sub-pixels are arranged in the order of "1", "2", "3", "4", and "5" and repeats from one side of the X direction to the other.

[0122] In addition, Figure 20In "Example 1 of Five Viewpoint Image Allocation", in the column with sub-pixel "5" at one end of the column, the sub-pixels "5", "2", "3", "5", and "1" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other. Similarly, in the column with sub-pixel "1" at one end of the column, the sub-pixels "1", "3", "4", "1", and "2" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other. Likewise, in the column with sub-pixel "2" at one end of the column, the sub-pixels "2", "4", "5", "2", and "3" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other. Finally, in the column with sub-pixel "3" at one end of the column, the sub-pixels "3", "5", "1", "3", and "4" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other. In addition, in the column where the sub-pixel at one end of the column is "4", the sub-pixels "4", "1", "2", "4", and "5" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other.

[0123] In addition, Figure 20 In "Example 2 of Five Viewpoint Image Allocation", in the column with sub-pixel "2" at one end of the column, the sub-pixels "2", "4", "1", "3", and "5" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other. Similarly, in the column with sub-pixel "3" at one end of the column, the sub-pixels "3", "5", "2", "4", and "1" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other. Likewise, in the column with sub-pixel "4" at one end of the column, the sub-pixels "4", "1", "3", "5", and "2" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other. And so on. In addition, in the column where the sub-pixel at one end of the column is "1", the sub-pixels "1", "3", "5", "2", and "4" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other.

[0124] Although not illustrated, the configuration of the openings 551 in the "light-shielding pattern," i.e., the light-shielding barrier 55, in Modification 4 is as follows: In each pixel row, an area with four sub-pixels arranged in the X direction is covered by the light-shielding barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is formed as an opening 551, which are arranged alternately in the X direction. Furthermore, the position of the opening 551 in the middle row ((n+1) row) of three adjacent rows (e.g., from row n to (n+2) row) in the Y direction is offset by two sub-pixels from the position of the opening 551 in one of the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction (row n). Additionally, the position of the opening 551 in this middle row ((n+1) row) is offset by two sub-pixels from the position of the opening 551 in the other row ((n+2) row) of the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction.

[0125] As Figure 20 The "shading pattern" used in "Example 1 of Five Viewpoint Image Allocation" will be described for the configuration of an opening 551 in a region corresponding to 25 sub-pixels arranged in a matrix within a 5x5 range, located on one side of the Y direction and one side of the X direction. The positions of the other openings 551 in this region are: the second row from the Y direction and the fourth column from the X direction; the third row from the Y direction and the third column from the X direction; the fourth row from the Y direction and the first column from the X direction; and the fifth row from the Y direction and the fifth column from the X direction.

[0126] As Figure 20 The "shading pattern" used in "Example 2 of Five Viewpoint Image Allocation" describes the configuration of an opening 551 in a region corresponding to 25 sub-pixels arranged in a matrix within a 5x5 range, located on one side of the Y direction and one side of the X direction. The positions of the other openings 551 in this region are: the second row from the Y direction and the fourth column from the X direction; the third row from the Y direction and the second column from the X direction; the fourth row from the Y direction and the fifth column from the X direction; and the fifth row from the Y direction and the third column from the X direction.

[0127] Figure 21 It indicates the ability to visually recognize references. Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the angular ranges A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 of each sub-pixel in "1", "2", "3", "4", and "5" in the examples "Five Viewpoint Image Allocation Example 1" and "Five Viewpoint Image Allocation Example 2". Figure 21 In the example shown, Figure 11One of the angle ranges A4 becomes angle range A5. Within angle range A5, the subpixel of "5" can be visually recognized. According to variation 3, the range of the image that a specific user (e.g., viewpoint U3) can visually recognize can be further expanded.

[0128] It should be noted that in variation example 4, the sub-pixel of "4" can be the sub-pixel of "1", the sub-pixel of "5" can be the sub-pixel of "3", or both can be performed.

[0129] (Variation Example 5)

[0130] Next, refer to Figure 23 Modification 5 will be explained, but before that, refer to Figure 22 The following explanation addresses the case where there are four types of subpixels and two viewpoints are assumed as the viewpoints for visual recognition of the image. In the following explanation, the case of j subpixels and k viewpoints refers to the case where there are j types of subpixels and k viewpoints are assumed as the viewpoints for visual recognition of the image. j is a natural number greater than 2.

[0131] Figure 22 This is a diagram representing the allocation of pixel signals among four sub-pixels in two viewpoints, and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the two viewpoints. For example... Figure 22 As shown in the "Four Subpixels, Two Viewpoints Allocation Example," four types of subpixels are provided, such as the first subpixel Rpix, the second subpixel Gpix, and the third subpixel Bpix, plus a fourth subpixel Wpix. The fourth subpixel Wpix is ​​provided to make the color filter colorless or to omit the color filter. Figure 22 In the example, the column containing the fourth sub-pix Wpix in the Y direction is labeled "W". Figure 22 In the example shown, from one side of the X direction to the other, the columns are arranged periodically in the following order: the column with the third sub-pixel Bpix arranged in the Y direction, the column with the fourth sub-pixel Wpix arranged in the Y direction, the column with the first sub-pixel Rpix arranged in the Y direction, and the column with the second sub-pixel Gpix arranged in the Y direction.

[0132] exist Figure 22In the "four subpixels, two viewpoints allocation example," each row has two subpixels arranged in the X direction, including one "1" and one "2" subpixel. Furthermore, the alternating arrangement of the "1" and "2" subpixels repeats from one side of the X direction to the other. Similarly, each column has two subpixels arranged in the Y direction, including one "1" and one "2" subpixel. Again, the alternating arrangement of the "1" and "2" subpixels repeats from one side of the Y direction to the other. That is, the "1" subpixels are arranged in an alternating pattern. The "2" subpixels are also arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0133] Imagine Figure 22 The configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55, which is set up in the "four sub-pixel two viewpoint allocation example", is as follows: Figure 22 As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area", in each pixel row, an area corresponding to one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is covered by the light-shielding barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is formed as an opening 551, which are arranged alternately in the X direction. Furthermore, in the Y direction, the positions of the openings 551 in one row (n rows) and the openings 551 in the other row (n+1 rows) are offset by one sub-pixel in the positive X direction. That is, the light-shielding areas of the light-shielding barrier 55 are arranged in an alternating pattern. Additionally, the openings 551 are arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0134] In the combination of such pixel signal allocation to sub-pixels and the configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55, such as Figure 22 As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area," rows are alternately generated in the Y direction where the fourth sub-pixel Wpix and the second sub-pixel Gpix are visible, and rows where the third sub-pixel Bpix and the first sub-pixel Rpix are visible. Here, the fourth sub-pixel Wpix and the second sub-pixel Gpix appear brighter than the third sub-pixel Bpix and the first sub-pixel Rpix. Therefore, in reference... Figure 22 The four sub-pixels described above, from two viewpoints, produce bright and dark stripes in the Y direction of the image. It should be noted that, although not illustrated, the same bright and dark stripes are also produced in the visible area viewed from the other of the two viewpoints, namely the first viewpoint.

[0135] Therefore, assuming four sub-pixels and two viewpoints, by allocating pixel signals to the sub-pixels in a manner that imagines a third person and outputs separate images to the three viewpoints, it is possible to suppress the generation of the aforementioned bright and dark stripes in the Y direction. In other words, the imaginary viewpoints are pre-defined such that the common divisor of the type of sub-pixel and the number of images simultaneously output according to the number of viewpoints including the imaginary viewpoints (total number of viewpoints) is only 1.

[0136] Figure 23 This is a diagram representing the allocation of pixel signals among four sub-pixels and three viewpoints, and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the three viewpoints. Figure 23 In the "four subpixels, three viewpoints allocation example", the three subpixels arranged in the X direction in each row include one subpixel each of "1", "2", and "3". In addition, a pattern is generated in which the subpixels are arranged in the order of "1", "2", and "3" and repeats from one side of the X direction to the other.

[0137] In addition, Figure 23 In the "four subpixels, three viewpoints allocation example", in the column with subpixels "1" located at one end of the column, subpixels "1" and "2" are arranged alternately in the Y direction. Similarly, in the column with subpixels "2" located at one end of the column, subpixels "2" and "3" are arranged alternately in the Y direction. And again, in the column with subpixels "3" located at one end of the column, subpixels "3" and "1" are arranged alternately in the Y direction.

[0138] Imagine Figure 23 The configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55, which is set up in the "four sub-pixel three viewpoint allocation example", is as follows: Figure 23 As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area", in each pixel row, an area with two sub-pixels arranged in the X direction is covered by a light-blocking barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is formed as an opening 551, which are arranged alternately in the X direction. Furthermore, the position of the opening 551 in the middle row ((n+1) row) of three adjacent rows (e.g., from row n to (n+2) row) in the Y direction is offset by one sub-pixel from the position of the opening 551 in one of the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction (row n). Additionally, the position of the opening 551 in this middle row ((n+1) row) is offset by one sub-pixel from the position of the opening 551 in the other row ((n+2) row) of the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction. That is, the X-direction configuration of the opening 551 in each of the two rows opposite to each other in the Y direction is the same.

[0139] In the combination of such pixel signal allocation to sub-pixels and the configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55, such as Figure 23As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area", each row contains a fourth sub-pixel Wpix, a second sub-pixel Gpix, a third sub-pixel Bpix, and a first sub-pixel Rpix. In this way, even if we assume two users visually recognizing a separate image, by allocating pixel signals that assume a third viewpoint, we can suppress the generation of bright and dark stripes in the Y direction in the image.

[0140] (Variation Example 6)

[0141] Next, refer to Figure 25 Modification 6 will be explained, but before that, refer to Figure 24 The scenario of four sub-pixels and four viewpoints is explained.

[0142] Figure 24 This is a diagram representing the allocation of pixel signals among four viewpoints for four sub-pixels, and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from a second viewpoint, which is one of the four viewpoints. Figure 24 In the "four sub-pixels, two viewpoints allocation example", compared with the reference Figure 22 Similarly, the configuration of the subpixels is arranged periodically from one side of the X direction to the other, in the order of the column with the third subpixel Bpix arranged in the Y direction, the column with the fourth subpixel Wpix arranged in the Y direction, the column with the first subpixel Rpix arranged in the Y direction, and the column with the second subpixel Gpix arranged in the Y direction.

[0143] exist Figure 24 In the "four subpixels, four viewpoints allocation example", the four subpixels arranged in the X direction in each row include one subpixel each of "1", "2", "3", and "4". In addition, a pattern is generated in which the subpixels are arranged in the order of "1", "2", "3", and "4" and repeats from one side of the X direction to the other.

[0144] In addition, Figure 24 In the "four subpixels, four viewpoints allocation example", in the column where the subpixel at one end is "1" or "3", the "1" subpixel and the "3" subpixel are arranged alternately in the Y direction. Similarly, in the column where the subpixel at one end is "2" or "4", the "2" subpixel and the "4" subpixel are arranged alternately in the Y direction.

[0145] Imagine Figure 24 The configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55, which is set up in the "four sub-pixel four viewpoint allocation example", is as follows: Figure 24As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area", in each pixel row, an area with three sub-pixels arranged in the X direction is covered by a light-shielding barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is formed as an opening 551, which are arranged alternately in the X direction. In addition, the positions of the openings 551 in one of two adjacent rows (e.g., row n and row (n+1)) in the Y direction and the positions of the openings 551 in the other row (row (n+1)) are offset by two sub-pixels in the positive X direction.

[0146] In such a combination of pixel signal allocation to sub-pixels and the configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55, as... Figure 24 As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area," rows that allow the fourth sub-pixel Wpix to be seen and rows that allow the second sub-pixel Gpix to be seen are alternately generated in the Y direction. Although not illustrated, the visible area formed by sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the fourth viewpoint, which is another of the four viewpoints, is also the same as the second viewpoint. Furthermore, in the first and third viewpoints, which are the remaining two of the four viewpoints, rows that allow the first sub-pixel Rpix to be seen and rows that allow the third sub-pixel Bpix to be seen are alternately generated in the Y direction. Therefore, in reference... Figure 24 The description states that among the four sub-pixels and four viewpoints, only two of the four sub-pixel colors can be visually identified from any viewpoint.

[0147] Therefore, in the case of four sub-pixels and four viewpoints, pixel signals are assigned to the sub-pixels by outputting separate images to the five viewpoints as if a hypothetical fifth person were present, thereby enabling all sub-pixels to be visually recognized at each viewpoint.

[0148] Figure 25 This is a diagram showing the allocation of pixel signals among four sub-pixels and five viewpoints, and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the five viewpoints. Figure 25 In the "four subpixels and five viewpoints allocation example", each row contains five subpixels arranged in the X direction, including one subpixel each of the numbers "1", "2", "3", "4", and "5". In addition, a pattern in which the subpixels are arranged in the order of "1", "2", "3", "4", and "5" is generated and repeats from one side of the X direction to the other.

[0149] In addition, Figure 25In "Example 1: Four Subpixels, Five Viewpoints Allocation", in the column with subpixel "1" at one end of the column, the subpixel "1" and subpixel "4" are arranged alternately in the Y direction. Similarly, in the column with subpixel "2" at one end of the column, the subpixel "2" and subpixel "5" are arranged alternately in the Y direction. Likewise, in the column with subpixel "3" at one end of the column, the subpixel "3" and subpixel "1" are arranged alternately in the Y direction. Likewise, in the column with subpixel "4" at one end of the column, the subpixel "4" and subpixel "2" are arranged alternately in the Y direction. And in the column with subpixel "5" at one end of the column, the subpixel "5" and subpixel "3" are arranged alternately in the Y direction.

[0150] Imagine Figure 25 The configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55, which is set up in the "four sub-pixel five viewpoint allocation example", is as follows: Figure 25 As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area", in each pixel row, an area with four sub-pixels arranged in the X direction is covered by a light-blocking barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is formed as an opening 551, which are arranged alternately in the X direction. Furthermore, the position of the opening 551 in the middle row ((n+1) row) of three adjacent rows (e.g., from row n to (n+2) row) in the Y direction is offset by two sub-pixels from the position of the opening 551 in one of the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction (row n). Additionally, the position of the opening 551 in this middle row ((n+1) row) is offset by two sub-pixels from the position of the opening 551 in the other row ((n+2) row) of the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction. That is, the X-direction configuration of the opening 551 in each of the two rows opposite to each other in the Y direction is the same.

[0151] In the combination of such pixel signal allocation to sub-pixels and the configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55, such as Figure 25 As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area", each row contains a fourth sub-pixel Wpix, a second sub-pixel Gpix, a third sub-pixel Bpix, and a first sub-pixel Rpix. In this way, even if we assume four people as users visually recognizing individual images, by allocating pixel signals for a hypothetical fifth viewpoint, it is possible to visually recognize all sub-pixels at each viewpoint.

[0152] It should be noted that the combination of pixel signal allocation among the four sub-pixels and five viewpoints with the configuration of the opening 551 is not limited to the reference. Figure 25 A combination of explanations.

[0153] Figure 26 This is a diagram showing the allocation of pixel signals among four sub-pixels and five viewpoints, and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the five viewpoints. Figure 26 In the “four sub-pixels and five viewpoints allocation example”, the five sub-pixels arranged in the X direction in each row include one sub-pixel each of “1”, “2”, “3”, “4”, and “5”.

[0154] In addition, Figure 26 In "Example 2: Four Subpixels and Five Viewpoints Allocation", a pattern is generated in which the subpixels are arranged in the order of "1", "2", "3", "4", and "5" and repeat from one side to the other in the X direction. Additionally, a pattern is generated in which the subpixels are arranged in the order of "1", "3", "5", "2", and "4" and repeat from one side to the other in the Y direction.

[0155] Imagine Figure 26 The configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55 set up in the "four sub-pixels and five viewpoints allocation example 2" is as follows: Figure 26 As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area", in each pixel row, an area with four sub-pixels arranged in the X direction is covered by a light-blocking barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is formed as an opening 551, which are arranged alternately in the X direction. Furthermore, the position of the opening 551 in the middle row ((n+1) row) of three adjacent rows (e.g., from row n to (n+2) row) in the Y direction is offset by two sub-pixels from the position of the opening 551 in one of the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction (row n). Additionally, the position of the opening 551 in this middle row ((n+1) row) is offset by two sub-pixels from the position of the opening 551 in the other row ((n+2) row) of the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction. Even with reference to... Figure 26 The combination of pixel signal allocation and the configuration of openings 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55 is described, and each row also includes a fourth sub-pixel Wpix, a second sub-pixel Gpix, a third sub-pixel Bpix, and a first sub-pixel Rpix.

[0156] (Variation Example 7)

[0157] Next, refer to Figure 28 Modification 7 will be explained, but before that, refer to Figure 27The following explanation will focus on a configuration of 2×2 subpixels, in which there are four types of subpixels, and one column of two adjacent columns in the X direction contains two types of subpixels while the other column contains two other types of subpixels. The case of two viewpoints for visual image recognition (2×2 subpixels, two viewpoints) will be described.

[0158] Figure 27 This is a diagram representing the allocation of pixel signals in two viewpoints for 2×2 sub-pixels, and the visible area consisting of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the two viewpoints. For example... Figure 27 As shown in the "2×2 subpixel two-viewpoint allocation example," four types of subpixels are provided, such as the first subpixel Rpix, the second subpixel Gpix, and the third subpixel Bpix, plus a fourth subpixel Wpix. Furthermore, in one of two adjacent rows in the Y direction, the first subpixel Rpix and the second subpixel Gpix are arranged alternately in the X direction. In another of two adjacent rows in the Y direction, the fourth subpixel Wpix and the third subpixel Bpix are arranged alternately in the X direction. Additionally, in one of two adjacent columns in the X direction, the first subpixel Rpix and the fourth subpixel Wpix are arranged alternately in the Y direction. Furthermore, in another of two adjacent columns in the X direction, the second subpixel Gpix and the third subpixel Bpix are arranged alternately in the Y direction. Figure 27 In the image, "α" is marked on one side of the column where the first sub-pixel Rpix and the fourth sub-pixel Wpix are arranged alternately in the Y direction. Additionally, "β" is marked on one side of the column where the second sub-pixel Gpix and the third sub-pixel Bpix are arranged alternately in the Y direction.

[0159] exist Figure 27 In the "2×2 subpixel two-viewpoint allocation example", the two subpixels arranged in the X direction in each row include one subpixel of "1" and one of "2". Furthermore, the alternating arrangement of the "1" and "2" subpixels repeats from one side of the X direction to the other. Similarly, the two subpixels arranged in the Y direction in each column include one subpixel of "1" and one of "2". Again, the alternating arrangement of the "1" and "2" subpixels repeats from one side of the Y direction to the other. That is, the "1" subpixels are arranged in an alternating pattern. The "2" subpixels are also arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0160] Imagine Figure 27 The configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55 set up for the "2×2 sub-pixel two viewpoint allocation example" is as follows: Figure 27As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area", in each pixel row, an area corresponding to one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is covered by the light-shielding barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is formed as an opening 551, which are arranged alternately in the X direction. Furthermore, in the Y direction, the positions of the openings 551 in one row (n rows) and the openings 551 in the other row (n+1 rows) are offset by one sub-pixel in the positive X direction. That is, the light-shielding areas of the light-shielding barrier 55 are arranged in an alternating pattern. Additionally, the openings 551 are arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0161] In this pixel signal allocation to subpixels, rows where the fourth subpixel Wpix is ​​visible and rows where the second subpixel Gpix is ​​visible are alternately generated in the Y direction. Although not illustrated, in the visible region comprised of subpixels visually recognizable from the first viewpoint (which is the other of two viewpoints), rows where the first subpixel Rpix is ​​visible and rows where the third subpixel Bpix is ​​visible are alternately generated in the Y direction. Therefore, in reference... Figure 27 In the two viewpoints of the 2×2 subpixels described, only two of the four subpixel colors can be visually identified from either viewpoint.

[0162] Therefore, in the case of two viewpoints with 2×2 sub-pixels, pixel signals are assigned to the sub-pixels by outputting separate images to the three viewpoints as if they were imagined third persons, thereby enabling all sub-pixels to be visually recognized at each viewpoint.

[0163] Figure 28 This is a diagram showing the allocation of pixel signals among three viewpoints in a 2×2 sub-pixel grid, and the visible area composed of sub-pixels that can be visually recognized from the second viewpoint, which is one of the three viewpoints. Figure 28 In the "2×2 subpixel three-viewpoint allocation example", the three subpixels arranged in the X direction in each row include one subpixel each of "1", "2", and "3". In addition, a pattern is generated in which the subpixels are arranged in the order of "1", "2", and "3" and repeats from one side of the X direction to the other.

[0164] In addition, Figure 28In the "2×2 subpixel three-viewpoint allocation example", in the column with subpixel "1" at one end of the column, the subpixels "1", "3", and "2" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other. Similarly, in the column with subpixel "2" at one end of the column, the subpixels "2", "1", and "3" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other. And again, in the column with subpixel "3" at one end of the column, the subpixels "3", "2", and "1" are arranged periodically in the Y direction from one end to the other.

[0165] Imagine Figure 28 The configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55 set up for the "2×2 sub-pixel three viewpoint allocation example" is as follows: Figure 27 As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area", in each pixel row, an area with two sub-pixels arranged in the X direction is covered by a light-shielding barrier 55, and an area with one sub-pixel arranged in the X direction is formed as an opening 551, which are arranged alternately in the X direction. Furthermore, the position of the opening 551 in the middle row ((n+1) row) of three adjacent rows (e.g., from row n to (n+2) row) in the Y direction is offset by one sub-pixel from the position of the opening 551 in one of the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction (row n). Additionally, the position of the opening 551 in this middle row ((n+1) row) is offset by one sub-pixel from the position of the opening 551 in the other row ((n+2) row) of the two rows opposite to this middle row in the Y direction.

[0166] In the combination of such pixel signal allocation to sub-pixels and the configuration of the opening 551 in the light-shielding barrier 55, such as Figure 28 As shown in the "second viewpoint visible area", each row contains a fourth sub-pixel Wpix, a second sub-pixel Gpix, a third sub-pixel Bpix, and a first sub-pixel Rpix. In this way, even if we assume two users visually recognizing a single image, by allocating pixel signals that assume a third viewpoint, it is possible to visually recognize all sub-pixels at each viewpoint.

[0167] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 1 The layer stacking order described is merely an example and is not limited to it. For instance, the color filter layer CF and the black matrix BM can also be disposed on the first substrate 51 side. Hereinafter, refer to... Figure 29 This structure will be explained.

[0168] Figure 29This is a cross-sectional view showing the main structure of the display device 50C, in which the color filter layer CF and the black matrix BM are disposed on the side of the first substrate 51. Figure 29 As shown, in the display device 50C, an OC layer 56, a black matrix BM, and a color filter layer CF are stacked between the first substrate 51 and the liquid crystal layer 53, from the first substrate 51 side toward the liquid crystal layer 53 side. Furthermore, in the display device 50C, there are no other structures between the liquid crystal layer 53 and the resin layer 54. In this case, the thickness of the distance d in the Z direction, excluding the color filter layer CF, is essentially the thickness of the resin layer 54.

[0169] It should be noted that the sealing structure of the liquid crystal layer 53 at the end of the display device 50C from a top-down viewpoint can be used as a reference. Figures 2 to 4 The structure described herein can also be other structures. The sealing structure of the liquid crystal layer 53 at the end of the display device 50 at a top viewpoint can also be the same as the one described above. Figures 2 to 4 The description describes other structures that differ from the given structure.

[0170] As explained above, according to the embodiments and various modifications, the display device (e.g., display devices 50, 50A, 50B, 50C) is a display device capable of outputting individual images to multiple viewpoints (e.g., viewpoints U1, U2, U3) arranged in a predetermined direction (e.g., the X direction). This display device includes: two light-transmitting substrates (first substrate 51, second substrate 52) facing each other with a liquid crystal layer (liquid crystal layer 53) between them; a light-transmitting resin layer (resin layer 54) stacked between one of the two light-transmitting substrates located on the user side (e.g., the viewpoint U1, U2, U3 side) (the second substrate 52) and the liquid crystal layer; and a light-shielding barrier (light-shielding barrier 55) disposed between the substrate and the resin layer, and having multiple openings (openings 551). Therefore, the thickness of the structure between the light-shielding barrier and the liquid crystal layer can be made to correspond to the thickness of the resin layer, and the thickness of the two light-transmitting substrates can be independent of the thickness of this structure. Therefore, it is easier to make the distance between the liquid crystal layer and the light-shielding barrier any thickness.

[0171] Furthermore, the thickness of the resin layer (resin layer 54) is based on a first condition and a second condition. The first condition is the angle (angle θ) formed by the ray of light reaching one of two adjacent viewpoints in a predetermined direction (X direction) through the opening (opening 551) and the ray of light reaching the other of two adjacent viewpoints in the predetermined direction through the opening. The second condition is the arrangement spacing (sub-pixel spacing p) of the color filters (e.g., first color filter CF1, second color filter CF2, and third color filter CF3) individually provided in each of the plurality of sub-pixels of the display device in that predetermined direction. Therefore, the thickness of the resin layer can be determined more appropriately.

[0172] Furthermore, when color filters (e.g., first color filter CF1, second color filter CF2, and third color filter CF3) are disposed between the liquid crystal layer (liquid crystal layer 53) and the resin layer (resin layer 54), the thickness of the resin layer corresponds to the thickness obtained by subtracting the thickness of the color filter from the thickness calculated based on the first and second conditions described above. Therefore, the thickness of the resin layer can be determined more appropriately.

[0173] Alternatively, color filters (e.g., first color filter CF1, second color filter CF2, and third color filter CF3) can also be disposed on another of the two transparent substrates (first substrate 51). Thus, in the configuration of this disclosure, the arrangement of the color filters has a degree of freedom.

[0174] Furthermore, the common divisor of the number of subpixels (e.g., one or more of the first subpixel Rpix, second subpixel Gpix, third subpixel Bpix, and fourth subpixel Wpix) and the number of images simultaneously output according to the number of viewpoints (e.g., viewpoints U1, U2, U3) is only 1. Therefore, it is easy to make all types of subpixels visible from each viewpoint. Additionally, it is easy to include all types of subpixels in each row.

[0175] Furthermore, adjacent sub-pixels in a specified direction (X direction) are used for image output from different viewpoints. This allows for a more precise configuration of the opening (opening 551).

[0176] It should be noted that in the implementation method and various modifications, the number of individual output images (including the number of user viewpoints for actual visual recognition of the image and the total number of hypothetical viewpoints), the angle between each viewpoint (angle θ), and the arrangement spacing of sub-pixels in the X direction (sub-pixel spacing p) are determined in advance at the design time. That is, the distance d can also be determined in advance according to the design. In addition, the arrangement of the light-blocking barrier 55 and the opening 551 under the top viewpoint is also determined at the design time. Therefore, it is also possible to determine in advance which sub-pixel is used to output the image to which viewpoint. In addition, as illustrated in modifications 2, 3, etc., the field of view is changed according to the output of the image. For example, at viewpoint U3, the field of view is changed from the previous one to the next. Figure 1 In the example shown, when viewed from a further side position, i.e., at a larger angle θ, the field of view of viewpoint U3 can be further expanded by setting angle ranges A3a and A3b, as in Modified Example 3. Additionally, for example, in situations where external light from at night obstructs visual recognition of the image, it is possible to... Figure 17 In the "black output allocation example," sub-pixels are generated to be allocated to black output. Such state-dependent output changes can be achieved by controlling the operation of the display device based on the outputs of various sensors configured to detect the state around the display device. In other words, "which sub-pixel is used to output an image to which viewpoint" may not necessarily be determined at the design time of the display device.

[0177] In addition, the common electrode of the display device 50 is included in the circuit forming layer 511, but it may also be disposed on the side of the second substrate 52.

[0178] Furthermore, regarding other effects resulting from the methods described in the embodiments and variations, effects that are clearly known from the description in this specification, or effects that can be reasonably conceived by those skilled in the art, should of course be understood as effects resulting from this disclosure.

Claims

1. A display device capable of outputting individual images to a plurality of viewpoints arranged in a predetermined direction, the display device comprising: Multiple color filters are arranged in the specified direction; A black matrix is ​​configured at the boundary between the plurality of color filters; Two transparent substrates are placed opposite each other, separated by a liquid crystal layer; A light-transparent resin layer is stacked between the user-side substrate and the liquid crystal layer of the two light-transparent substrates; as well as A light-shielding barrier is disposed between the substrate and the resin layer, and has multiple openings. The substrate, the light-shielding barrier, the resin layer, the black matrix, and the plurality of color filters are stacked sequentially. The thickness of the resin layer is based on the first condition and the second condition. The first condition is the angle formed by the ray of light that reaches one of two adjacent viewpoints in the predetermined direction through the opening and the ray of light that reaches the other of the two adjacent viewpoints in the predetermined direction through the opening. The second condition is the arrangement spacing of the color filters in the predetermined direction, which are individually configured for each of the plurality of sub-pixels in the display device. The color filter is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the resin layer. The thickness of the resin layer corresponds to the thickness obtained by subtracting the thickness of the color filter from the thickness calculated based on the first and second conditions.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The color filter is disposed on the other of the two light-transmitting substrates.

3. The display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The common divisor of the number of sub-pixels and the number of images simultaneously output according to the number of viewpoints is only 1.

4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein, Adjacent sub-pixels in the specified direction are used for the output of images for different viewpoints.

Images