Heated but not burning (HNB) aerosol generating device including a suction inside heater control and method of controlling a heater

Abstract

At least one example embodiment provides a system for controlling a heater in a non-combustible aerosol-generating device. The system includes a memory storing computer-readable instructions and a controller configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to cause the non-combustible aerosol-generating device to: detect an air flow in the non-combustible aerosol-generating device; apply a first power to the heater based on the detected air flow; apply a second power to the heater based on a target preheat temperature and the detected air flow being below an air flow threshold; the application of the second power being subsequent to the application of the first power; and apply a third power to the heater based on the target preheat temperature and the detected air flow being below the air flow threshold, the application of the third power being subsequent to the application of the second power, the third power being greater than the second power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a heated non-combustible (HNB) aerosol generating apparatus and a method for controlling a heater in the aerosol generating apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Some electronic devices are configured to heat plant material to a temperature sufficient to release its components while maintaining the temperature below the plant material's ignition point to avoid any significant pyrolysis. Such devices may be referred to as aerosol generating devices (e.g., heated non-combustible aerosol generating devices), and the heated plant material may be tobacco. In some cases, the plant material can be introduced directly into the heating chamber of the aerosol generating device. In other cases, the plant material can be pre-packaged in individual containers for easy insertion into and removal from the aerosol generating device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] At least one embodiment relates to a heated non-combustible (HNB) aerosol generating apparatus. In one exemplary embodiment, the aerosol generating apparatus may include...

[0004] At least one embodiment relates to a system for controlling a heater in a non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus, the system including a memory storing computer-readable instructions and a controller configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus to: detect an air flow rate in the non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus; apply a first power to the heater based on the detected air flow rate; apply a second power to the heater based on a preheating temperature and the detected air flow rate being below an air flow rate threshold, the application of the second power following the application of the first power; and apply a third power to the heater based on the preheating temperature and the detected air flow rate being below the air flow rate threshold, the application of the third power following the application of the second power, the third power being greater than the second power.

[0005] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the airflow threshold is a first threshold, and the controller is configured to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating device to apply a first power when the detected airflow exceeds a second threshold.

[0006] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0007] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the controller is configured to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus to: determine a heating temperature; reduce a first power based on the heating temperature and the suction temperature; and apply a second power based on the suction temperature and the preheating temperature.

[0008] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the preheating temperature and the suction temperature are the same.

[0009] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the suction temperature is greater than the preheating temperature.

[0010] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the controller is configured to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating device to: determine a heating temperature; increase a first power after detecting an air flow rate and before applying a second power; and increase a second power before applying a third power.

[0011] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the first power is less than the second power.

[0012] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the controller includes a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, wherein the controller is configured to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating device to change at least one of the proportional, integral, and derivative terms of the PID controller based on the detected airflow.

[0013] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the controller is configured to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating device to: increase the proportional term when the detected airflow is greater than a second threshold, and decrease the proportional term when the detected airflow is less than a first threshold.

[0014] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the system further includes a sensor configured to detect airflow and output a signal to the controller representing the amplitude of the airflow.

[0015] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the preheating temperature is less than 400°C.

[0016] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the preheating temperature is 320°C.

[0017] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the preheating temperature is 300°C.

[0018] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the first power is the set maximum power.

[0019] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the second power is a set minimum power.

[0020] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the minimum power is set to 1W.

[0021] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the controller is configured to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus to determine the heating temperature, and when the heating temperature is a preheating temperature, the application of the third power applies the third power.

[0022] At least one exemplary embodiment provides a non-flammable aerosol generating system, the system including a heater and a circuit configured to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus to: detect an air flow rate in the non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus; apply a first power to the heater based on the detected air flow rate; apply a second power to the heater based on a preheating temperature and the detected air flow rate being lower than an air flow rate threshold, the application of the second power following the application of the first power; and apply a third power to the heater based on the preheating temperature and the detected air flow rate being lower than the air flow rate threshold, the application of the third power following the application of the second power, the third power being greater than the second power.

[0023] In at least one exemplary embodiment, the system includes a removable capsule comprising a heater, wherein the removable capsule is configured to guide airflow along the longitudinal axis of the capsule.

[0024] At least one exemplary embodiment provides a system for controlling a heater in a non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus, the system including a memory storing computer-readable instructions and a controller configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus to: detect an air flow rate in the non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus; apply a first power to the heater when the detected air flow rate exceeds a first threshold; reduce the first power to reach a suction temperature when the detected air flow rate exceeds the first threshold; apply a second power to the heater when the detected air flow rate is below a second threshold, the application of the second power following the reduction of the first power to reach the suction temperature, the second threshold being less than the first threshold and the second power being less than the first power; and apply a third power to the heater after applying the second power and when the detected air flow rate is below the second threshold, the third power being greater than the second power.

[0025] At least one exemplary embodiment provides a system for controlling a heater in a non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus, the system including a memory storing computer-readable instructions and a controller configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus to: apply preheating power to reach a preheating temperature; detect air flow in the non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus; apply a first power to the heater when the detected air flow exceeds a first threshold, the first power being less than the preheating power; increase the first power to a suction temperature to reach a suction temperature less than the preheating temperature when the detected air flow exceeds the first threshold; and apply a second power to the heater when the detected air flow is less than a second threshold, the application of the second power following the increase of the first power to reach the suction temperature, the second threshold being less than the first threshold, and the second power being greater than the increased first power. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Various features and advantages of the non-limiting embodiments herein will become more apparent when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. Unless expressly indicated, the drawings should not be considered to be drawn to scale. Various dimensions of the drawings may be enlarged for clarity.

[0027] Figures 1A to 1C Various perspective views of an aerosol generating apparatus according to one or more exemplary embodiments are shown.

[0028] Figure 2A The illustration shows at least one exemplary embodiment. Figures 1A to 1C Aerosol generating device.

[0029] Figure 2B An example of a method for [illegible] according to at least one exemplary embodiment is shown. Figures 1A to 1C The capsule of the aerosol generating device.

[0030] Figures 2C to 2D The illustration shows at least one exemplary embodiment. Figures 1A to 1C A partial exploded view of the aerosol generation device.

[0031] Figures 2E to 2F The illustration shows at least one exemplary embodiment. Figures 1A to 1C A cross-sectional view of the aerosol generation device.

[0032] Figure 3 An electrical system for an aerosol generating apparatus and a capsule according to one or more exemplary embodiments is shown.

[0033] Figure 4 A heater voltage measurement circuit according to one or more exemplary embodiments is shown.

[0034] Figure 5 A heater current measurement circuit according to one or more exemplary embodiments is shown.

[0035] Figures 6A to 6B A compensated voltage measurement circuit and algorithm according to one or more exemplary embodiments are shown.

[0036] Figures 7A to 7C A circuit diagram illustrating a heat engine control circuit according to one or more exemplary embodiments is shown.

[0037] Figures 8A to 8B A method for controlling a heater in a non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus is shown according to one or more exemplary embodiments.

[0038] Figure 9 A block diagram illustrating a temperature-controlled thermodynamic algorithm according to at least one or more exemplary embodiments is shown.

[0039] Figure 10 An illustration is provided according to one or more exemplary embodiments. Figures 8A to 8B The timing diagram of the method shown.

[0040] Figures 11A to 11B A method for controlling a heater in a non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0041] Figure 11C The use of a first-stage temperature preheating according to at least one exemplary embodiment is shown. Figures 11A to 11B The timing diagram of the method shown.

[0042] Figure 11D The use of secondary temperature preheating according to at least one exemplary embodiment is shown. Figures 11A to 11B The timing diagram of the method shown.

[0043] Figure 11E The use of secondary temperature preheating according to at least one exemplary embodiment is shown. Figures 11A to 11B The timing diagram of the method shown.

[0044] Figure 11F The use of secondary temperature preheating according to at least one exemplary embodiment is shown. Figures 11A to 11B Timing diagram of the method shown

[0045] Figure 11G A timing diagram of a non-flammable aerosol generating device without internal smoke heating control is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0046] This document discloses several detailed exemplary embodiments. However, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative for the purpose of describing exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many alternative forms and should not be construed as being limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein.

[0047] Therefore, while exemplary embodiments are capable of various modifications and alternatives, exemplary embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings and will be described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that exemplary embodiments are not intended to be limited to the specific forms disclosed, but rather, exemplary embodiments will encompass all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives thereof. Throughout the description of the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same elements.

[0048] It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as "on another element or layer," "connected to another element or layer," "coupled to another element or layer," "attached to another element or layer," "adjacent to another element or layer," or "covering another element or layer," the element or layer may be directly on, connected to, coupled to, attached to, adjacent to, or cover the other element or layer, or there may be intermediate elements or layers present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as "directly on," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there are no intermediate elements or layers present. Throughout this specification, the same reference numerals denote the same elements. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations or sub-combinations of one or more of the listed related items.

[0049] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, regions, layers, and / or portions, these elements, regions, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, region, layer, or portion from another. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments, the first element, region, layer, or portion discussed below may be referred to as the second element, region, layer, or portion.

[0050] For ease of description, spatially related terms (e.g., "below," "below," "lower," "above," and "upper") may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element(s) shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientations described in the drawings, spatially related terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, an element described as "below" or "below" other elements or features will be oriented "above" other elements or features. Thus, the term "below" can include both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially related descriptive terms used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0051] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and / or “comprising” as used in this specification specify the presence of the said features, integrals, steps, operations, and / or elements, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or groups thereof.

[0052] When the terms “about” and “basically” are used in this specification in relation to numerical values, they mean that the relevant numerical value includes a tolerance of ±10% to the left or right of the value, unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments pertain. It should also be understood that terms (including those defined in commonly used dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the relevant technical context and shall not be interpreted as having idealized or overly formal meanings, unless expressly defined herein.

[0054] Figure 1A This is a front perspective view of an aerosol generating apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1B yes Figure 1A Rear perspective view of the aerosol generating device. Figure 1C yes Figure 1A An upstream perspective view of the aerosol generation device. (Refer to...) Figures 1A to 1C The aerosol generating apparatus 10 is configured to receive and heat an aerosol forming substrate to generate an aerosol. The aerosol generating apparatus 10 specifically includes a front housing 1202, a rear housing 1204, and a bottom housing 1206 coupled to a frame 1208 (e.g., a base). A door 1210 may also be pivotally connected / attached to the front housing 1202. For example, the door 1210 is configured to move or swing about a hinge 1212 and is configured to reversibly engage / disengage from the front housing 1202 via a latch 1214 to switch between an open and closed position. An aerosol forming substrate that can be housed within a capsule 100 (e.g., FIG. 2) can be loaded into the aerosol generating apparatus 10 via the door 1210. During operation of the aerosol generating device 10, the generated aerosol can be drawn out from the aerosol generating device 10 via the aerosol outlet 1102 defined by the mouthpiece end section 1104 (e.g., FIG. 2) of the mouthpiece 1100.

[0055] like Figure 1BAs shown, the aerosol generating device 10 includes a first button 1218 and a second button 1220. The first button 1218 may be a preheating button, while the second button 1220 may be a power button (or vice versa). Additionally, one or both of the first button 1218 and the second button 1220 may include a light-emitting diode (LED) configured to emit visible light when the first button 1218 and / or the second button 1220 are pressed. Where both the first button 1218 and the second button 1220 include LEDs, the emitted light may have the same color or different colors. The light may also have the same intensity or different intensities. Furthermore, the light may be configured as continuous or intermittent light. For example, the light associated with the power button (e.g., the second button 1220) may flash / blink to indicate that the power source (e.g., battery) is low and needs charging. Although the aerosol generating device 10 is shown as having two buttons, it should be understood that more (e.g., three) or fewer buttons may be provided depending on the desired interface and functionality.

[0056] The aerosol generating device 10 may have a cuboid shape, including: a front, a rear opposite the front, a first side between the front and the rear, a second side opposite the first side, a downstream end face, and an upstream end face opposite the downstream end face. As used herein, “upstream” (and conversely, “downstream”) relates to the flow of aerosols, and “proximal” (and conversely, “farward”) relates to an adult operator of the aerosol generating device 10 during aerosol generation. Although the aerosol generating device 10 is illustrated as having a cuboid shape (e.g., a rounded cuboid) including a polygonal cross-section, it should be understood that exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, in some embodiments, the aerosol generating device 10 may have a cylindrical shape having a circular cross-section (e.g., for a cylinder) or an elliptical cross-section (e.g., for an elliptical cylinder).

[0057] like Figure 1C As shown, the aerosol generating device 10 includes an inlet insert 1222 configured to allow ambient air to enter the device body 1200 (e.g., FIG. 2). In one exemplary embodiment, the inlet insert 1222 defines an orifice as an air inlet in fluid communication with an aerosol outlet 1102. Thus, when a suction (e.g., smoke) pressure or negative pressure is applied to the aerosol outlet 1102, ambient air is drawn into the device body 1200 via the orifice in the inlet insert 1222. The size (e.g., diameter) of the orifice in the inlet insert 1222 can be adjusted, taking into account other variables in the flow path (e.g., the capsule 100), to provide the desired overall suction resistance (RTD). In other embodiments, the inlet insert 1222 may be omitted entirely, such that the air inlet is defined by the bottom housing 1206.

[0058] The aerosol generating device 10 may also include a jack 1224 and a port 1226. In one exemplary embodiment, the jack 1224 allows (e.g., via an RS232 cable) the download of operational information for research and development (R&D) purposes. The port 1226 is configured to receive current from an external power source (e.g., via a USB / mini-USB cable) to charge the internal power supply within the aerosol generating device 10. Additionally, the port 1226 may also be configured to send data to or receive data from another aerosol generating device or other electronic device (e.g., a telephone, tablet, computer). Furthermore, the aerosol generating device 10 may be configured to communicate wirelessly with another electronic device (e.g., a telephone) via an application installed on that device. In this case, an adult operator can control or otherwise interact with the aerosol generating device 10 via the app (e.g., locate the aerosol generating device, check usage information, change operating parameters).

[0059] Figure 2A yes Figures 1A to 1C The image shows a front perspective view of an aerosol generating device, wherein the mouthpiece 1100 and the capsule 100 are separated from the device body. Referring to FIG2, the aerosol generating device 10 includes: a device body 1200 configured to receive the capsule 100 and the mouthpiece 1100. In an exemplary embodiment, the device body 1200 defines: a holder 1228 configured to receive the capsule 100. The holder 1228 may be in the form of a cylindrical socket having outwardly extending, diametrically opposed side grooves to receive the electrical ends / contacts of the capsule 100. However, it should be understood that the holder 1228 may be in other forms based on the shape / configuration of the capsule 100.

[0060] As described above, the device body 1200 includes a door 1210 configured to open to allow insertion of the capsule 100 and the mouthpiece 1100 and configured to close to retain the capsule 100 and the mouthpiece 1100. The mouthpiece 1100 includes a mouthpiece end (e.g., of a mouthpiece end segment 1104) and an opposing capsule end (e.g., of a capsule end segment 1106). In one exemplary embodiment, the capsule end is larger than the mouthpiece end and is configured to prevent the mouthpiece 1100 from disengaging from the capsule 100 when the door 1210 of the device body 1200 is closed. The capsule 100 can be concealed and invisible when received / secured within the device body 1200 and ready to generate aerosol, while the mouthpiece end segment 1104 defining the aerosol outlet 1102 of the mouthpiece 1100 is visible. As shown in the attached diagram, the mouthpiece 1100's mouthpiece end section 1104 can extend from / through the downstream end face of the device body 1200. Additionally, the mouthpiece end section 1104 of the mouthpiece 1100 can be closer to the front of the device body 1200 than to the rear.

[0061] In some cases, the device body 1200 of the aerosol generating apparatus 10 may optionally include a mouthpiece sensor and / or a door sensor. The mouthpiece sensor may be disposed on the edge of the holder 1228 (e.g., adjacent to the front of the device body 1200). The door sensor may be disposed on a portion of the front housing 1202 adjacent to the hinge 1212 and within the swing path of the door 1210. In one exemplary embodiment, the mouthpiece sensor and the door sensor are spring-loaded (e.g., retractable) protrusions configured as safety switches. For example, the mouthpiece sensor can be retracted / pressed (e.g., activated) when the mouthpiece 1100 is fully engaged with the capsule 100 mounted within the holder 1228. Additionally, the door sensor can be retracted / pressed (e.g., activated) when the door 1210 is fully closed. In such cases, the control circuitry of the device body 1200 may allow current to be supplied to the capsule 100 to heat the aerosol forming substrate therein (e.g., preheating is allowed when the first button 1218 is pressed). Conversely, when the mouthpiece sensor and / or door sensor are not activated or deactivated (e.g., released), the control circuitry of the device body 1200 (e.g., controller 2105) can block or stop the supply of current. Therefore, heating of the aerosol-forming substrate will not be initiated if the mouthpiece 1100 is not fully inserted and / or if the door 1210 is not fully closed. Similarly, if the door 1210 is open during heating of the aerosol-forming substrate, the current supply to the capsule 100 will be interrupted / stopped.

[0062] The capsule 100, which will be discussed in more detail herein, generally includes a shell defining an inlet opening, an outlet opening, and a chamber located between the inlet and outlet openings. An aerosol-forming substrate is disposed within the chamber of the shell. Additionally, a heater may extend from the outside of the shell into the shell. The shell may include a main body portion and an upstream portion. The main body portion of the shell includes a proximal end and a distal end. The upstream portion of the shell may be configured to engage the distal end of the main body portion.

[0063] Figure 2B An example of a method for [illegible] according to at least one exemplary embodiment is shown. Figures 1A to 1C The capsule of the aerosol generating device.

[0064] The aerosol forming substrate contained within the capsule 100 may be in the form of a first aerosol forming substrate 160a and a second aerosol forming substrate 160b. In an exemplary embodiment, the first aerosol forming substrate 160a and the second aerosol forming substrate 160b are housed between a first cover 110 and a second cover 120. During operation of the aerosol generating apparatus 10, the first aerosol forming substrate 160a and the second aerosol forming substrate 160b may be heated by a heater 336 to generate aerosols. As will be discussed in more detail herein, the heater 336 includes a first end 142, a middle portion 144, and a second end 146. Additionally, the heater 336 may be installed in the base 130 during manufacturing prior to assembling the capsule 100.

[0065] As shown in the figure, the first cover 110 of the capsule 100 defines a first upstream groove 112, a first recess 114, and a first downstream groove 116. The first upstream groove 112 and the first downstream groove 116 may each be a series of grooves. Similarly, the second cover 120 of the capsule 100 defines a second upstream groove, a second recess, and a second downstream groove 126. In one exemplary embodiment, the second upstream groove, the second recess, and the second downstream groove 126 of the second cover 120 are identical to the first upstream groove 112, the first recess 114, and the first downstream groove 116 of the first cover 110, respectively. Specifically, in some cases, the first cover 110 and the second cover 120 are identical and complementary structures. In this case, orienting the first cover 110 and the second cover 120 to face each other for engagement with the base 130 will result in a complementary arrangement. As a result, a single component can be used interchangeably as either the first cover 110 or the second cover 120, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0066] A first recess 114 of the first cover 110 and a second recess of the second cover 120 together form a chamber configured to receive a central portion 144 of the heater 336 when the first cover 110 and the second cover 120 are coupled to the base 130. A first aerosol forming substrate 160a and a second aerosol forming substrate 160b may also be received within this chamber to make thermal contact with the central portion 144 of the heater 336 when the capsule 100 is assembled. The chamber may have a longest dimension extending from at least one of the inlet openings (e.g., of the upstream passage 162) to a corresponding one of the outlet openings (e.g., of the downstream passage 166). In one exemplary embodiment, the shell of the capsule 100 has a longitudinal axis, and the longest dimension of the chamber extends along the longitudinal axis of the shell.

[0067] The first downstream groove 116 of the first cover 110 and the second downstream groove 126 of the second cover 120 together form a downstream passage 166. Similarly, the first upstream groove 112 of the first cover 110 and the second upstream groove of the second cover 120 together form an upstream passage 162. The dimensions of the downstream passage 166 and the upstream passage 162 are designed to be small or narrow enough to retain the first aerosol forming substrate 160a and the second aerosol forming substrate 160b within the cavity, but large or wide enough to allow air and / or aerosol to pass through them when the first aerosol forming substrate 160a and the second aerosol forming substrate 160b are heated by the heater 336.

[0068] In one embodiment, each of the first aerosol forming substrate 160a and the second aerosol forming substrate 160b can be in a solidified form (e.g., sheet, tray, tablet) configured to maintain its shape to allow the first aerosol forming substrate 160a and the second aerosol forming substrate 160b to be placed in a uniform manner within the first recess 114 of the first cover 110 and the second recess of the second cover 120, respectively. In this embodiment, the first aerosol forming substrate 160a may be disposed on one side of the intermediate portion 144 of the heater 336 (e.g., the side facing the first cover 110), while the second aerosol forming substrate 160b may be disposed on the other side of the intermediate portion 144 of the heater 336 (e.g., the side facing the second cover 120) to substantially fill the first recess 114 of the first cover 110 and the second recess of the second cover 120, thereby clamping / embedding the intermediate portion 144 of the heater 336 therebetween. Alternatively, one or both of the first aerosol forming substrate 160a and the second aerosol forming substrate 160b may be in a loose form (e.g., particles, fibers, debris, fragments, strips) that does not have a fixed shape but is configured to present the shape of the first recess 114 of the first cover 110 and / or the second recess of the second cover 120 when introduced.

[0069] As described above, the shell of the capsule 100 may include a first cover 110, a second cover 120, and a base 130. When the capsule 100 is assembled, the shell may have a height (or length) of about 30 mm to 40 mm (e.g., 35 mm), but the exemplary embodiment is not limited thereto. Additionally, each of the first recess 114 of the first cover 110 and the second recess of the second cover 120 may have a depth of about 1 mm to 4 mm (e.g., 2 mm). In this case, the cavity formed by the first recess 114 of the first cover 110 and the second recess of the second cover 120 may have a total thickness of about 2 mm to 8 mm (e.g., 4 mm). Along these lines, the first aerosol forming substrate 160a and the second aerosol forming substrate 160b, when in a solidified form, may each have a thickness of about 1 mm to 4 mm (e.g., 2 mm). As a result, the first aerosol forming substrate 160a and the second aerosol forming substrate 160b can be heated relatively quickly and uniformly by the middle portion 144 of the heater 336.

[0070] The control circuit can instruct the power source to supply current to the heater 336. The current supply from the power source can be in response to manual operation (e.g., button activation) or automatic operation (e.g., inhalation / smoke activation). Due to the current, the capsule 100 can be heated to generate an aerosol. Additionally, changes in the heater resistance can be used to monitor and control the aerosolization temperature. The generated aerosol can be inhaled from the aerosol generating device 10 via the mouthpiece 1100. Furthermore, the control circuit (e.g., controller 2105) can instruct the power source to supply current to the heater 336 to maintain the temperature of the capsule 100 between inhalations.

[0071] As discussed herein, an aerosol forming substrate is a material or combination of materials capable of generating aerosols. An aerosol relates to a substance generated or output by the disclosed, claimed apparatus and its equivalents. The material may include a compound (e.g., nicotine), wherein the material, when heated, generates an aerosol comprising that compound. Heating may be below the ignition point so that aerosol generation does not involve substantial pyrolysis of the aerosol forming substrate or the generation of substantial combustion byproducts (if any). Thus, in one exemplary embodiment, no pyrolysis occurs during heating and aerosol generation. In other cases, some pyrolysis and combustion byproducts may be present, but their extent may be considered relatively small and / or merely incidental.

[0072] The aerosol forming substrate can be a fibrous material. For example, the fibrous material can be a plant-based material. The fibrous material is configured to release a compound upon heating. The compound can be a naturally occurring component of the fibrous material. For example, the fibrous material can be a plant material, such as tobacco, and the released compound can be nicotine. The term "tobacco" includes: any tobacco plant material, including: tobacco leaves, tobacco plugs, reconstituted tobacco, compressed tobacco, shaped tobacco, or powdered tobacco, and combinations thereof, derived from one or more tobacco plant species (such as yellow tobacco (Nicotiana rustica) and red tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)).

[0073] In some exemplary embodiments, the tobacco material may include material from any member of the genus *Xanthium*. Furthermore, the tobacco material may include a mixture of two or more different tobacco varieties. Examples of suitable types of tobacco material that may be used include (but are not limited to), flue-cured tobacco, Burley tobacco, dark tobacco, Maryland tobacco, oriental tobacco, rare tobacco, specialty tobacco, and mixtures thereof. The tobacco material may be provided in any suitable form, including but not limited to, tobacco sheets, processed tobacco material (such as bulked or expanded tobacco), processed tobacco stems (such as rolled or diced bulked tobacco stems), reconstituted tobacco material, and mixtures thereof. In some exemplary embodiments, the tobacco material is present in the form of substantially dry tobacco substance. Furthermore, in some instances, the tobacco material may be mixed and / or combined with at least one of propylene glycol, glycerin, its derivatives, or combinations thereof.

[0074] The compound can also be a natural component of a medicinal plant with medically acceptable therapeutic effects.

[0075] Furthermore, the compound may be, or may additionally include, non-naturally occurring additives, which are subsequently introduced into the fibrous material. In one case, the fibrous material may include at least one of cotton, polyethylene, polyester, synthetic fibers, combinations thereof, etc. (e.g., in the form of gauze). In another case, the fibrous material may be a cellulose material (e.g., a non-tobacco material). In either case, the introduced compound may include nicotine and / or flavoring agents. Flavoring agents may be derived from natural sources, such as plant extracts (e.g., tobacco extracts), and / or artificial sources. In yet another case, when the fibrous material includes tobacco, the compound may be, or may additionally include one or more flavoring agents (e.g., menthol, peppermint, vanilla). Thus, the compound within the aerosol-forming substrate may include naturally occurring components and / or non-naturally occurring additives. In this regard, it should be understood that the existing level of natural components in the aerosol-forming substrate can be increased by supplementation. For example, the existing level of nicotine in a certain amount of tobacco can be increased by supplementing with an extract containing nicotine.

[0076] The first cover 110 and the second cover 120 further define a first groove 118 and a second groove 128, respectively. The first groove 118 and the second groove 128 together form a downstream groove configured to receive a first annular member 150a. Similarly, the base 130 defines an upstream groove 138 configured to receive a second annular member 150b. As described above, the base 130 includes an engagement assembly 136 configured to facilitate connection with the first cover 110 and the second cover 120. The engagement assembly 136 may be an integrally formed part of the base 130. In one exemplary embodiment, the base 130 defines a base outlet 134 in fluid communication with a base inlet 132, and the engagement assembly 136 is in the form of projecting edges / loops located on both sides of the base outlet 134. Additionally, each of the first cover 110 and the second cover 120 may define a groove configured to receive a corresponding protruding edge / ring of the engagement assembly 136. As a result, the first cover 110 and the second cover 120 (e.g., via their distal ends) may interlock with the engagement assembly 136 of the base 130 (and also engage with each other) to form the shell of the capsule 100.

[0077] The first cover 110 and the second cover 120 may be made of, for example, liquid crystal polymer, PEEK (polyether ether ketone) or aluminum.

[0078] The sheet can be cut or otherwise processed (e.g., stamping, electrochemical etching, die-cutting, laser cutting) to produce heater 336. The sheet can be formed from one or more conductors configured to undergo Joule heating (also known as ohmic / resistance heating). Suitable conductors for the sheet include: iron-based alloys (e.g., stainless steel, aluminized iron), nickel-based alloys (e.g., nickel-chromium alloys), and / or ceramics (e.g., metal-coated ceramics). For example, stainless steel can be of the SS316L type known in the art, but exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto. The sheet can have a thickness of about 0.1-0.3 mm (e.g., 0.15-0.25 mm). Heater 336 can have a resistance between 0.5 and 2.5 ohms (e.g., 1 to 2 ohms).

[0079] The heater 336 has a first end 142, a middle portion 144, and a second end 146. The first end 142 and the second end 146 are configured to receive current from a power source during heater 336 activation. When heater 336 is activated (e.g., for Joule heating), the temperatures of the first aerosol forming substrate 160a and the second aerosol forming substrate 160b may rise, and aerosol may be generated and drawn in or otherwise released through a downstream passage 166 of the capsule 100. The first end 142 and the second end 146 may each include a forked end for electrical connection to a power source (e.g., via a connecting bolt), but exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto. Additionally, since heater 336 may be made of sheet material, the first end 142, the second end 146, and the middle portion 144 may be coplanar. Furthermore, the middle portion 144 of heater 336 may have a planar and wound form, similar to a compressed oscillation or zigzag shape having multiple parallel segments (e.g., eight to sixteen parallel segments). However, it should be understood that other forms of the middle portion 144 of the heater 336 are also possible (e.g., spiral form, flower form).

[0080] In one exemplary embodiment, heater 336 extends through base 130. In this case, the ends of each of the first end 142 and the second end 146 can be considered as outer segments of heater 336 that protrude from opposite sides of base 130. In particular, the middle portion 144 of heater 336 may be located downstream of base 130 and aligned with base outlet 134. During manufacturing, heater 336 may be embedded within base 130 by injection molding (e.g., insert molding, overmolding). For example, heater 336 may be embedded such that the middle portions 144 are evenly spaced between a pair of protruding edges / rings of engagement assembly 136.

[0081] Although the first end portion 142 and the second end portion 146 of the heater 336 are shown in the drawings as protrusions (e.g., fins) extending from both sides of the base 130, it should be understood that in some exemplary embodiments, the first end portion 142 and the second end portion 146 of the heater 336 may be configured to form portions of the side surface of the capsule 100. For example, the dimensions and orientation of the exposed portions of the first end portion 142 and the second end portion 146 of the heater 336 may be designed to sit on both sides of / against the fold of the base 130 (e.g., also following the lower profile of the base 130). Thus, the first end portion 142 and the second end portion 146 may respectively form the first and second electrical contacts and portions of the side surface of the capsule 100.

[0082] Figure 2C yes Figures 1A to 1C A partial exploded view of the aerosol generation device. Figure 2DThis is a partially exploded view of the aerosol generation device in Figure 2. (Refer to...) Figures 2C to 2D The frame 1208 (e.g., a metal base) serves as the base for the internal components of the aerosol generating device 10, to which the internal components may be attached directly or indirectly. It should be understood that such relevant teachings regarding the structures / components shown in the figures and discussed above also apply to this section and may not be repeated for the sake of brevity. In one exemplary embodiment, the bottom housing 1206 is secured to the upstream end of the frame 1208. Additionally, a support 1228 (for receiving the bladder 100) may be mounted to the front side of the frame 1208. An inlet channel 1230, located between the support 1228 and the bottom housing 1206, is configured to guide an incoming flow of ambient air to the bladder 100 within the support 1228. The incoming air may flow through an inlet insert 1222 therein (e.g., Figure 1C The inlet channel 1230 can be located at the distal end of the inlet channel 1230. Furthermore, the bracket 1228 and / or the inlet channel 1230 may include a flow sensor (e.g., an integrated flow sensor).

[0083] Cover 1232 and power supply 1234 therein (e.g., Figure 2E It can be mounted on the rear side of the frame 1208. To establish an electrical connection with the bladder 100 (e.g., which is located in the holder 1228 and covered by the bladder end segment 1106 of the mouthpiece 1100), a first power terminal block 1236a and a second power terminal block 1236b can be provided to facilitate current supply. For example, the first power terminal block 1236a and the second power terminal block 1236b can establish the necessary electrical connection between the power source 1234 and the bladder 100 via the first end 142 and the second end 146 of the heater 336. The first power terminal block 1236a and / or the second power terminal block 1236b can be formed of brass.

[0084] The aerosol generating apparatus 10 may further include a plurality of printed circuit boards (PCBs) configured to facilitate its operation. In one exemplary embodiment, a first printed circuit board 1238 (e.g., a bridge PCB for power supply and I2C) is mounted on the downstream end of a cover 1232 for power supply 1234. Additionally, a second printed circuit board 1240 (e.g., an HMI PCB) is mounted to the rear of the cover 1232. In another embodiment, a third printed circuit board 1242 (e.g., a serial port PCB) is attached to the front of a frame 1208 and seated behind the inlet channel 1230. Furthermore, a fourth printed circuit board 1244 (e.g., a USB-C PCB) is disposed between the rear of the frame 1208 and the cover 1232 for power supply 1234. However, it should be understood that the exemplary embodiments relating to printed circuit boards herein should not be construed as limiting, as their size, shape, and position may vary depending on the desired characteristics of the aerosol generating apparatus 10.

[0085] Figure 2E yes Figures 1A to 1C Cross-sectional view of the aerosol generation device. Figure 2F yes Figures 1A to 1C Another cross-sectional view of the aerosol generating apparatus. Regarding the structures / components shown in the figures and discussed above, it should be understood that such relevant teachings also apply to this section and may not be repeated for the sake of brevity. See also... Figures 2E to 2F The mouthpiece 1100's mouthpiece end 1104 is illustrated as defining an aerosol outlet 102 in the form of a single outlet. However, it should be understood that the exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the aerosol outlet 1102 may alternatively be in the form of multiple smaller outlets (e.g., two to six outlets). In one case, the multiple outlets may be in the form of four outlets. The outlets may be radially arranged and / or angled outwards to release a divergent aerosol flow.

[0086] In one exemplary embodiment, at least one of the filter or flavor medium may optionally be disposed within the mouthpiece segment 1104 of the mouthpiece 1100. In this case, the filter and / or flavor medium will be located downstream of the chamber 164 such that the aerosol generated therein passes through at least one of the filter or flavor medium before exiting through at least one aerosol outlet 1102. The filter may reduce or prevent particles from the aerosol forming substrate (e.g., aerosol forming substrate 160a and / or aerosol forming substrate 160b) from being unintentionally drawn out of the capsule 100. The filter may also help lower the temperature of the aerosol to provide the desired flavor. The flavor medium (e.g., flavoring beads) may release a flavoring agent as the aerosol passes through it to impart the desired flavor to the aerosol. The flavoring agent may be the same as the flavoring agent described above in connection with the aerosol forming substrate. Furthermore, the filter and / or flavor medium may have a solidified or loose form as described above in connection with the aerosol forming substrate.

[0087] The aerosol generating device 10 may further include a third annular member 150c seated within the support 1228. The third annular member 150c (e.g., a resilient O-ring) is configured to establish an air seal when the base 130 of the capsule 100 is fully inserted into the support 1228. As a result, most (if not all) of the air drawn into the support 1228 will pass through the capsule 100, and any bypass flow around the capsule 100 will be minimal (if any). In one exemplary embodiment, the first annular member 150a, the second annular member 150b, and / or the third annular member 150c may be formed of transparent silicone.

[0088] In addition to the printed circuit board already discussed above, the aerosol generating device 10 may also include a fifth printed circuit board 1246 (e.g., a main PCB) disposed between the frame 1208 and the power supply 1234. The power supply 1234 may be a 900mAh battery, but the exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto. Furthermore, a sensor 1248 may be disposed upstream of the capsule 100 to enhance the operation of the aerosol generating device 10. For example, the sensor 1248 may be an airflow sensor. Given the sensor 1248 and the first button 1218 and the second button 1220, the operation of the aerosol generating device 10 may be automatic (e.g., smoke-activated) or manual (e.g., button-activated). In at least one exemplary embodiment, the sensor may be a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) flow or pressure sensor or another type of sensor configured to measure airflow, such as a hot-wire anemometer.

[0089] When the aerosol generating device 10 is activated, the capsule 100 within the device body 1200 can be heated to generate an aerosol. In an exemplary embodiment, activation of the aerosol generating device 10 can be triggered by the detection of airflow by sensor 1248 and / or the generation of signals associated with the pressing of the first button 1218 and / or the second button 1220. Regarding the detection of airflow, suction or the application of negative pressure at the aerosol outlet 1102 of the mouthpiece 1100 will draw ambient air into the device body 1200 via the inlet channel 1230, where air can initially pass through the inlet insert 1222 (e.g., Figure 1C Once inside the device body 1200, air travels through inlet channel 1230 to the holder 1228, where it is detected by sensor 1248. After sensor 1248, the air continues through the holder 1228 and enters the bladder 100 via base 130. Specifically, the air flows through the base inlet 132 of the bladder 100 before passing through upstream passage 162 and entering chamber 164. Furthermore, control circuitry (e.g., controller 2105) can instruct a power source to supply current to heater 336 to maintain the temperature of the bladder 100 between suction and desiccation.

[0090] The detection of airflow by sensor 1248 causes the control circuit to supply current from power supply 1234 to the capsule 100 via the first end 142 and the second end 146 of heater 336. As a result, the temperature of the middle portion 144 of heater 336 will rise, which in turn will cause the temperature of the aerosol-forming substrate (e.g., aerosol-forming substrate 160a and / or aerosol-forming substrate 160a) within chamber 164 to rise, causing volatiles to be released by the aerosol-forming substrate to generate aerosols. The generated aerosols will be entrained by the air flowing through chamber 164. Specifically, the aerosols generated in chamber 164 will pass through the downstream passage 166 of capsule 100 before exiting the aerosol generating device 10 from aerosol outlet 1102 of mouthpiece 1100.

[0091] Further details and / or alternatives to the aerosol generating apparatus, capsule, and / or aerosol forming substrate discussed herein can also be found in the following applications: U.S. Application No. XX / XXX,XXX, entitled "HEAT-NOT-BURN (HNB) AEROSOL-GENERATING DEVICES AND CAPSULES", filed concurrently with this application, Attorney General No. 24000NV-000717-US; U.S. Application No. XX / XXX,XXX, entitled "HEAT-NOT-BURN AEROSOL GENERATING DEVICE WITH A FLIP-TOP LID", filed concurrently with this application, Attorney General No. 24000NV-000719-US; and U.S. Application No. XX / XXX,XXX, entitled "CAPSULES INCLUDING EMBEDDED HEATERS AND U.S. Application No. XX / XXX,XXX, Attorney General's Register No. 24000NV-000667-US, entitled "Heat-Not-Burn (HNB) Aerosol-Generating Devices (including bladders for embedded heaters and heated non-combustible (HNB) aerosol generating devices)," was filed concurrently with this application. Also filed is a concurrent application entitled "Closed System Capsule with Airflow, Heat-Not-Burn (HNB) Aerosol-Generating Devices, and Methods of Generating An..." U.S. Application No. XX / XXX,XXX, Attorney General's Register No. 24000NV-000630-US entitled "AEROSOL (A closed system capsule with airflow, heated non-combustible (HNB) aerosol generating apparatus and method for generating aerosol)"; U.S. Application No. XX / XXX,XXX, Attorney General's Register No. 24000NV-000716-US, filed concurrently with this application, entitled "AEROSOL-GENERATING CAPSULES (Aerosol generating capsule)"; and U.S. Application No. XX / XXX,XXX,XXX, Attorney General's Register No. 24000NV-000734-US, filed concurrently with this application, entitled "HEAT-NOT-BURN (HNB) AEROSOL-GENERATING DEVICES AND CAPSULES (Heated Non-combustible (HNB) aerosol generating apparatus and capsule)"; the disclosures of each application are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0092] Figure 3An electrical system for an aerosol generating apparatus and a capsule according to one or more exemplary embodiments is shown.

[0093] Reference Figure 3 The electrical system includes an aerosol generating device electrical system 2100 and a capsule electrical system 2200. The aerosol generating device electrical system 2100 may be included in the aerosol generating device 10, while the capsule electrical system 2200 may be included in the capsule 100.

[0094] exist Figure 3 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the capsule electrical system 2200 includes a heater 336.

[0095] The capsule electrical system 2200 may further include a main electrical / data interface (not shown) for transmitting power and / or data between the aerosol generating device 10 and the capsule 100. According to at least one exemplary embodiment, Figure 2B The electrical contacts shown can be used, for example, as a main electrical interface, but exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0096] The electrical system 2100 of the aerosol generation device includes: a controller 2105, a power supply 1234, a device sensor or measurement circuit 2125, a thermal control circuit 2127, an aerosol indicator 2135, and product controls 2150 (e.g., Figure 1B The buttons 1218 and 1220 shown are included, as are the memory 2130 and clock circuit 2128. In some exemplary embodiments, the controller 2105, power supply 1234, device sensor or measurement circuit 2125, thermomechanical control circuit 2127, memory 2130, and clock circuit 2128 are located on the same PCB (e.g., main PCB 1246). The aerosol generating device electrical system 2100 may also include a capsule electrical / data interface (not shown) for transmitting power and / or data between the aerosol generating device 10 and the capsule 100.

[0097] Power source 1234 may be an internal power source supplying power to aerosol generating device 10 and capsule 100. The power supply from power source 1234 may be controlled by controller 2105 via power control circuitry (not shown). Power control circuitry may include one or more switches or transistors to regulate the power output from power source 1234. Power source 1234 may be a lithium-ion battery or a variant thereof (e.g., a lithium-ion polymer battery).

[0098] The controller 2105 can be configured to control the overall operation of the aerosol generating device 10. According to at least some exemplary embodiments, the controller 2105 may include: processing circuitry, such as hardware including logic circuitry; a hardware / software combination, such as a processor executing software; or a combination thereof. For example, the processing circuitry may more specifically include, but is not limited to: a central processing unit (CPU), an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a system-on-a-chip (SoC), a programmable logic unit, a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc.

[0099] exist Figure 3 In the exemplary embodiment shown, controller 2105 is illustrated as a microcontroller, including: input / output (I / O) interfaces, such as general purpose input / output (GPIO), internal integrated circuits (I / O), etc. 2 C) An interface or Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus interface, etc.; a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter (ADC); and a clock input terminal. However, exemplary embodiments are not limited to this example. In at least one exemplary embodiment, the controller 2105 may be a microprocessor.

[0100] The memory 2130 is illustrated as being external to the controller 2105. In some exemplary embodiments, the memory 2130 may be mounted on the controller 2105.

[0101] The controller 2105 is communicatively coupled to the device sensor 2125, the thermodynamic control circuit 2127, the aerosol indicator 2135, the memory 2130, the product control 2150, the clock circuit 2128, and the power supply 1234.

[0102] The thermal control circuit 2127 is connected to the controller 2105 via a GPIO (General Purpose Input / Output) pin. The memory 2130 is connected to the controller 2105 via an SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) pin. The clock circuit 2128 is connected to the clock input pin of the controller 2105. The aerosol indicator 2135 is connected via I... 2 The C (internal integrated circuit) interface pins and SPI / GPIO pins are connected to the controller 2105. The device sensor 2125 is connected to the controller 2105 via corresponding pins of the multi-channel ADC.

[0103] Clock circuit 2128 may be a timing mechanism (e.g., an oscillator circuit) that enables controller 2105 to track idle time, preheating duration, aerosol generation (absorption) duration, combinations of idle time and aerosol generation (absorption) duration, or power consumption time for determining heat pack alarms (e.g., 30 seconds after an instance ends). Clock circuit 2128 may also include a dedicated external clock crystal configured to generate a system clock for aerosol generation device 10.

[0104] Memory 2130 may be a non-volatile memory that stores computer-readable instructions and operating parameters for the controller 2105 to execute the algorithms described herein. In one example, memory 2130 may be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), such as flash memory.

[0105] Still refer to Figure 3 The device sensor 2125 may include: a plurality of sensors or measurement circuits configured to provide signals indicative of sensor or measurement information to the controller 2105. Figure 3 In the example shown, the device sensor 2125 includes a heater current measurement circuit 21258, a heater voltage measurement circuit 21252, and a compensation voltage measurement circuit 21250. Figure 3 The electrical system may also include reference Figures 1A to 2F The sensors discussed.

[0106] The heater current measurement circuit 21258 can be configured to output a signal (e.g., a voltage signal) indicating the current flowing through the heater 336. See later. Figure 5 An exemplary embodiment of the heater current measurement circuit 21258 will be discussed in more detail.

[0107] The heater voltage measurement circuit 21252 can be configured to output a signal (e.g., a voltage signal) indicating the voltage across the heater 336. See later. Figure 4 An exemplary embodiment of the heater voltage measurement circuit 21252 will be discussed in more detail.

[0108] The compensation voltage measurement circuit 21250 can be configured to output a signal (e.g., a voltage signal) indicating the resistance of the electrical interface (e.g., an electrical connector) between the capsule 100 and the aerosol generating device 10. In some exemplary embodiments, the compensation voltage measurement circuit 21250 can provide a compensation voltage measurement signal to the controller 2105. Reference will be made later. Figures 6A to 6B An exemplary embodiment of the compensation voltage measurement circuit 21250 will be discussed in more detail.

[0109] As described above, the compensation voltage measurement circuit 21250, the heater current measurement circuit 21258, and the heater voltage measurement circuit 21252 are connected to the controller 2105 via pins of the multichannel ADC. To measure the characteristics and / or parameters of the aerosol generating device 10 and the capsule 100 (e.g., the voltage, current, resistance, or temperature of the heater 336), the multichannel ADC at the controller 2105 can sample the output signal from the device sensor 2125 at a sampling rate suitable for the given characteristics and / or parameters being measured by the respective device sensor.

[0110] The electrical system 2100 of the aerosol generating device may include a sensor 1248 to measure the airflow rate through the aerosol generating device 10. In at least one exemplary embodiment, the sensor may be a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) flow or pressure sensor or another type of sensor configured to measure airflow rate, such as a hot-wire anemometer. In one exemplary embodiment, the output of the sensor for measuring airflow rate to the controller 2105 is an instantaneous flow rate measurement (in ml / s or cm⁻¹) via a digital interface or SPI. 3 (in units of / s). In other exemplary embodiments, the sensor may be a hot-wire anemometer, a digital MEMS sensor, or other known sensors. The flow sensor can operate as a smoke sensor by detecting suction when the flow rate is greater than or equal to 1 mL / s and terminating suction when the flow rate subsequently drops to 0 mL / s. In one exemplary embodiment, sensor 1248 may be a differential pressure sensor based on a MEMS flow sensor, wherein the differential pressure (in Pascals) is converted into an instantaneous flow rate reading (in mL / s) using a curve-fit calibration function or a lookup table (for the flow rate value of each differential pressure reading). In another exemplary embodiment, the flow sensor may be a capacitive pressure drop sensor.

[0111] Thermodynamic control circuit 2127 is connected to controller 2105 via GPIO pins. Thermodynamic control circuit 2127 is configured to control (enable and / or disable) heater 336 of aerosol generating device 10 by controlling the energization of heater 336.

[0112] The controller 2105 can control the aerosol indicator 2135 to indicate the status and / or operation of the aerosol generating device 10 to an adult operator. The aerosol indicator 2135 may be implemented at least partially via a light guide and may include a power indicator (e.g., an LED) that can be activated when the controller 2105 senses that an adult operator has pressed a button. The aerosol indicator 2135 may also include a vibrator, a speaker, or other feedback mechanism and may indicate the current status of aerosol generation parameters (e.g., aerosol volume) controlled by the adult operator.

[0113] Still refer to Figure 3 The controller 2105 can control the power of the heater 336 to heat the aerosol forming substrate according to a heating profile (e.g., heating based on volume, temperature, or flavor, etc.). The heating profile can be determined based on empirical data and can be stored in the memory 2130 of the aerosol generating apparatus 10.

[0114] Figure 4 An exemplary embodiment of the heater voltage measurement circuit 21252 is shown.

[0115] Reference Figure 4 The heater voltage measurement circuit 21252 includes resistors 3702 and 3704, which are connected in a voltage divider configuration between a terminal configured to receive the input voltage signal COIL_OUT and ground. The resistances of resistors 3702 and 3704 can be 8.2 kΩ and 3.3 kΩ, respectively. The input voltage signal COIL_OUT is the voltage input to heater 336 (the voltage at the input terminal of heater 336). A node N3716 between resistors 3702 and 3704 is coupled to the positive input terminal of operational amplifier (Op-Amp) 3708. A capacitor 3706 is connected between node N3716 and ground to form a low-pass filter circuit (R / C filter) to stabilize the voltage input to the positive input terminal of operational amplifier 3708. For example, the capacitance of capacitor 3706 can be 18 nanofarads. The filter circuit can also reduce inaccuracies caused by switching noise from the PWM signal used to power heater 336, and has the same phase response / group delay for both current and voltage.

[0116] The heater voltage measurement circuit 21252 also includes resistors 3710 and 3712 and capacitor 3714. For example, resistor 3712 is connected between node N3718 and a terminal configured to receive the output voltage signal COIL_RTN, and may have a resistance of 8.2 kΩ. The output voltage signal COIL_RTN is the voltage output from heater 336 (the voltage at the output terminal of heater 336).

[0117] Resistor 3710 and capacitor 3714 are connected in parallel between node N3718 and the output of operational amplifier 3708. For example, resistor 3710 may have a resistance of 3.3 kΩ, and capacitor 3714 may have a capacitance of 18 nanofarads. The negative input of operational amplifier 3708 is also connected to node N3718. Resistors 3710 and 3712, along with capacitor 3714, are connected in a low-pass filter configuration.

[0118] The heater voltage measurement circuit 21252 uses an operational amplifier 3708 to measure the voltage difference between the input voltage signal COIL_OUT and the output voltage signal COIL_RTN, and outputs a scaled heater voltage measurement signal COIL_VOL representing the voltage across the heater 336. The heater voltage measurement circuit 21252 outputs the scaled heater voltage measurement signal COIL_VOL to the ADC pin of the controller 2105 for digital sampling and measurement by the controller 2105.

[0119] The gain of operational amplifier 3708 can be set based on surrounding passive electrical components (e.g., resistors and capacitors) to improve the dynamic range of voltage measurements. In one example, the dynamic range of operational amplifier 3708 can be achieved by scaling the voltage so that the maximum voltage output matches the maximum input range of the ADC (e.g., approximately 2.5V). In at least one exemplary embodiment, the scaling can be approximately 402mV per V, so the heater voltage measurement circuit 21252 can measure up to approximately 2.5V / 0.402V = 6.22V.

[0120] The voltage signals COIL_OUT and COIL_RTN are clamped by diodes 3720 and 3722, respectively, to reduce the risk of damage due to electrostatic discharge (ESD) events.

[0121] In some exemplary embodiments, four-wire / Kelvin measurements can be used, and voltage signals COIL_OUT and COIL_RTN can be measured at the measurement contact point (also known as the voltage sensing connection (opposite to the main power contact)) to take into account the contact resistance and volume resistance of the power interface (e.g., electrical connector) between the heater 336 and the aerosol generating device 10.

[0122] Figure 5 It shows Figure 3 An exemplary embodiment of the heater current measurement circuit 21258 shown is illustrated.

[0123] Reference Figure 5 The output current signal COIL_RTN_I is input to a grounded four-terminal (4T) measuring resistor 3802. The differential voltage across the four-terminal measuring resistor 3802 is scaled by an operational amplifier 3806, which outputs a heater current measurement signal COIL_CUR indicating the current flowing through the heater 336. The heater current measurement signal COIL_CUR is output to the ADC pin of the controller 2105 for digital sampling and measurement of the current flowing through the heater 336 at the controller 2105.

[0124] exist Figure 5In the exemplary embodiment shown, the four-terminal measuring resistor 3802 can be used to reduce errors in current measurements using four-wire / Kelvin current measurement technology. In this example, separating the current measurement path from the voltage measurement path can reduce noise on the voltage measurement path.

[0125] The gain of operational amplifier 3806 can be adjusted to improve the dynamic range of the measurement. In this example, the scaling of operational amplifier 3806 can be approximately 0.820 V / A, and therefore, heater current measurement circuit 21258 can measure up to approximately 2.5 V / (0.820 V / A) = 3.05 A.

[0126] For more details, please refer to Figure 5 The first terminal of the four-terminal measuring resistor 3802 is connected to the terminal of the heater 336 to receive the output current signal COIL_RTN_I. The second terminal of the four-terminal measuring resistor 3802 is grounded. The third terminal of the four-terminal measuring resistor 3802 is connected to a low-pass filter circuit (R / C filter) including resistor 3804, capacitor 3808, and resistor 3810. For example, the resistance of resistor 3804 can be 100 ohms, the resistance of resistor 3810 can be 8.2 kΩ, and the capacitance of capacitor 3808 can be 3.3 nanofarads.

[0127] The output of the low-pass filter circuit is connected to the positive input of operational amplifier 3806. The low-pass filter circuit can reduce inaccuracies caused by switching noise from the PWM signal applied to power heater 336, and can also provide the same phase response / group delay for both current and voltage.

[0128] The heater current measurement circuit 21258 also includes resistors 3812 and 3814 and capacitor 3816. Resistors 3812 and 3814 and capacitor 3816 are connected in a low-pass filter circuit configuration to the fourth terminal of the four-terminal measuring resistor 3802, the negative input terminal of operational amplifier 3806, and the output terminal of operational amplifier 3806, wherein the output terminal of the low-pass filter circuit is connected to the negative input terminal of operational amplifier 3806. For example, resistors 3812 and 3814 may have resistances of 100 ohms and 8.2 kΩ, respectively, while capacitor 3816 may have a capacitance of 3.3 nanofarads.

[0129] Operational amplifier 3806 outputs the differential voltage as the heater current measurement signal COIL_CUR to the ADC pin of controller 2105, so that controller 2105 can sample and measure the current passing through heater 336.

[0130] At least according to this exemplary embodiment, the configuration of the heater current measuring circuit 21258 is similar to that of the heater voltage measuring circuit 21252, except that: a low-pass filter circuit including resistors 3804 and 3810 and capacitor 3808 is connected to one terminal of the four-terminal measuring resistor 3802, and a low-pass filter circuit including resistors 3812 and 3814 and capacitor 3816 is connected to the other terminal of the four-terminal measuring resistor 3802.

[0131] The controller 2105 can average multiple samples (e.g., samples of voltage) within a time window corresponding to the "tick" time (iteration time of the control loop) used in the aerosol generating device 10, and convert the average value into a mathematical representation of the voltage and current across the heater 336 by applying a scaling value. The scaling value can be determined based on the gain settings implemented at various operational amplifiers, which can be specific to the hardware of the aerosol generating device 10.

[0132] The controller 2105 can use, for example, a third-order moving average filter to filter the converted voltage and current measurements to attenuate measurement noise. The controller 2105 can then use the filtered measurements to calculate: the resistance R of the heater 336. 加热器 (R 加热器 =COIL_VOL / COIL_CUR) or the power P applied to heater 336 加热器 (P 加热器 =COIL_VOL*COIL_CUR) etc.

[0133] According to one or more exemplary embodiments, Figure 4 and / or Figure 5 The gain settings of the passive components in the circuit shown can be adjusted to match the output signal range with the input range of the controller 2105.

[0134] Figure 6A An electrical system for an aerosol generating apparatus, including a separate compensation voltage measurement circuit, is shown according to one or more exemplary embodiments.

[0135] like Figure 6A As shown, the contact interface between the heater 336 and the electrical system 2100 of the aerosol generating device includes a four-wire / Kelvin arrangement, which has an input power contact 6100, an input measurement contact 6200, an output measurement contact 6300 and an output power contact 6400.

[0136] The voltage measurement circuit 21252A receives the measured voltage COIL_OUT_MEAS at the input measurement contact 6200 and the output measured voltage COIL_RTN_MEAS at the output measurement contact 6300. The voltage measurement circuit 21252A is related to... Figure 4 The voltage measurement circuit shown is the same as the 21252, and outputs a scaled heater voltage measurement signal COIL_VOL. Although in Figure 4 COIL_OUT and COIL_RTN are shown, but it should be understood that in an exemplary embodiment without a separate compensation voltage measurement circuit, the voltage measurement circuit 21252 may receive voltage at the input measurement contact 6200 and the output measurement contact 6300 instead of at the input power contact 6100 and the output power contact 6400.

[0137] Figure 6A The system shown also includes a compensation voltage measurement circuit 21250. The compensation voltage measurement circuit 21250 is the same as the voltage measurement circuit 21252A, except that: the compensation voltage measurement circuit 21250 receives the voltage COIL_OUT at the input power contact 6100, receives the voltage COIL_RTN at the output power contact 6400, and outputs the compensation voltage measurement signal VCOMP.

[0138] The current measurement circuit 21258 receives the output current signal COIL_RTN_I at the output power contact 6400 and outputs the heater current measurement signal COIL_CUR.

[0139] Figure 6B A method for adjusting the target power of a heater using a compensated voltage measurement signal, according to an exemplary embodiment, is shown.

[0140] Controller 2105 can execute Figure 6B The method shown.

[0141] In S6500, the controller initiates the power delivery loop for the heater. In S6505, the controller retrieves operating parameters from memory (e.g., the threshold voltage of the heat engine control circuit, the power loss threshold, and the humidification timer limit).

[0142] In 6510, the controller determines the power loss P at the contact. 触点 Does it exceed the loss threshold? The controller can determine the power loss P at the contact as follows: 触点 :

[0143] PCONTACT=abs((VCOMP*COIL_CUR)-(COIL_VOL*COIL_CUR))

[0144] The loss threshold can be an absolute value (e.g., 3W) or a percentage of the power applied to the heater (e.g., 25%).

[0145] If the controller determines the power loss P 触点 If the value is equal to or less than the loss threshold, the controller clears the humidification mark in S6515. The controller monitors the compensation voltage measurement signal VCOMP in S6520 and determines in S6525 whether the compensation voltage measurement signal VCOMP exceeds the threshold voltage VMAX. The threshold voltage VMAX can be the rated voltage of the heat engine control circuit 2127.

[0146] If the controller determines that the compensation voltage measurement signal VCOMP does not exceed the threshold voltage VMAX, the controller proceeds to the next iteration (i.e., the next tick time) in S6530. If the controller determines that the compensation voltage measurement signal VCOMP exceeds the threshold voltage VMAX, the controller reduces the heater power target for the next iteration in S6532 and proceeds to the next iteration in S6530.

[0147] Therefore, if the power loss P 触点 If the power is less than the loss threshold, the controller can reduce the applied power to reduce the contact heating effect.

[0148] Returning to S6510, if the controller determines the power loss P 触点 If the loss exceeds the threshold, the controller determines in S6535 whether a humidification flag is set. If the controller determines in S6535 that a humidification flag is set, the controller terminates heating in S6550 (e.g., does not supply power to the heater).

[0149] If the S6535 controller determines that the humidification flag is not set, the S6540 controller determines whether the humidification timer is running. The humidification time is used to allow for increased power consumption within a desired / selected time period (e.g., 200ms).

[0150] If the controller determines that the humidification timer is not running, it starts the humidification timer on the S6545 controller and then continues to monitor the compensation voltage measurement signal VCOMP on the 6520.

[0151] If the S6540 controller determines that the humidification timer is running, the S6555 controller determines whether the humidification timer has timed out. If the controller determines that the humidification timer has not timed out, the S6520 controller continues to monitor the compensation voltage measurement signal VCOMP. Therefore, if the humidification timer is still running, the power loss P in the contacts is allowed. 触点 It exceeds the power loss threshold.

[0152] If the controller determines that the humidification timer has timed out, it sets the humidification flag in controller S6560. Then, the controller reduces the heater power target in S6565, causing the power loss P in the contacts to decrease. 触点 The voltage drops below the loss threshold, and the 6520 controller continues to monitor the compensation voltage measurement signal VCOMP. More specifically, the controller sets a power limit that the PID controller can use (i.e., the PID loop cannot use the full power range, but is limited to a lower range, such as 6W instead of 12W). The controller continues to use the same temperature error input, but the response is slower due to the reduced power limit.

[0153] In other exemplary embodiments, the controller may change the temperature target.

[0154] Contact resistance varies with temperature (and may alternatively decrease due to the removal of the oxide layer on the contacts by the "humidifying current"), therefore the proportion of power lost in the power contacts may change during use. By compensating for power losses at the contacts, the electrical system improves the power delivery to the heater (e.g., once the humidifying effect occurs, the waiting time to reach the heater temperature can be reduced by increasing the power).

[0155] exist Figure 6B In each subsequent iteration of the power delivery loop shown, the controller 2105 may re-enter the "humidification" process (e.g., in response to changes in contact force); however, the humidification flag is used to ensure that the controller does not continuously restart the process.

[0156] Figures 7A to 7C This is a circuit diagram illustrating a heat engine control circuit according to an exemplary embodiment. Figures 7A to 7C The heat engine control circuit shown is Figure 3 An example of the heat engine control circuit 2127 shown.

[0157] The heat engine control circuit includes a boost converter circuit 7020 ( Figure 7A Level 1 7040 Figure 7B ) and Level 7060 ( Figure 7C ).

[0158] The boost converter circuit 7020 is configured to generate a voltage signal VGATE (e.g., a 9V power supply) (also referred to as a power signal or input voltage signal) from the voltage source BATT to power the first stage 7040 based on a first power enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE (also referred to as a shutdown signal). When the aerosol generating device is ready for use, the controller may generate the first power enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE with a logic high level. In other words, the first power enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE has a logic high level when the controller detects that the capsule is correctly connected to the aerosol generating device. In other exemplary embodiments, the first power enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE has a logic high level when the controller detects that the capsule is correctly connected to the aerosol generating device and the controller detects an action such as a button being pressed.

[0159] The first stage 7040 uses the input voltage signal VGATE from the boost converter circuit 7020 to drive the heat engine control circuit 2127. The first stage 7040 and the second stage 7060 form a buck-boost converter circuit.

[0160] exist Figure 7A In the exemplary embodiment shown, the boost converter circuit 7020 generates the input voltage signal VGATE only when the first enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE is valid (present). The controller 2105 can cut off power to the first stage 7040 by disabling (stopping or terminating) the first enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE. The first enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE can be used as a device status power signal for performing an aerosol generation shutdown operation at device 1000. In this example, the controller 2105 can perform an aerosol generation shutdown operation by disabling the first enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE, thereby disabling power to the first stage 7040, the second stage 7060, and the heater 336. The controller 2105 can then enable aerosol generation at device 1000 by making the first enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE valid again for the boost converter circuit 7020.

[0161] The controller 2105 can generate a first enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE at one logic level, causing the boost converter circuit 7020 to output an input voltage signal VGATE with a high level (at or approximately 9V) to supply power to the first stage 7040 and the heater 336 in response to the aerosol generation conditions at the device 1000. The controller 2105 can also generate a first enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE at another logic level, causing the boost converter circuit 7020 to output an input voltage signal VGATE with a low level (at or approximately 0V) to disable power supply to the first stage 7040 and the heater 336, thereby performing a heater shutdown operation.

[0162] For more details, please refer to Figure 7A In the boost converter circuit 7020, capacitor C36 is connected between the voltage source BATT and ground. Capacitor C36 can have a capacitance of 10 microfarads.

[0163] The first terminal of inductor L1006 is connected to node Node1 between voltage source BATT and capacitor C36. Inductor L1006 serves as the main storage element in boost converter circuit 7020. Inductor L1006 may have an inductance of 10 microhenries.

[0164] Node1 is connected to the voltage input pin A1 of the boost converter chip U11. In some exemplary embodiments, the boost converter chip may be a TPS61046.

[0165] The second terminal of inductor L1006 is connected to the switch pin SW of boost converter chip U11. The enable pin EN of boost converter chip U11 is configured to receive the first enable signal PWR_EN_VGATE from controller 2105.

[0166] exist Figure 7A In the example shown, the boost converter chip U11 is used as the main switching element of the boost converter circuit 7020.

[0167] Resistor R53 is connected between the enable pin EN of the boost converter chip U11 and ground to act as a pull-down resistor, thereby ensuring that the heater 336 is prevented from operating when the first enable signal PWR_EN_GATE is in an indeterminate state. In some exemplary embodiments, resistor R53 may have a resistance of 100 kiloohms.

[0168] The voltage output pin VOUT of the boost converter chip U11 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R49 and the first terminal of capacitor C58. The second terminal of capacitor C58 is grounded. The voltage output from the voltage output pin VOUT is the input voltage signal VGATE.

[0169] The second terminal of resistor R49 and the first terminal of resistor R51 are connected to a second node, Node2. Node2 is connected to the feedback pin FB of the boost converter chip U11. The boost converter chip U11 is configured to generate an input voltage signal VGATE of approximately 9V using the ratio of the resistance of resistor R49 to the resistance of resistor R51. In some exemplary embodiments, resistor R49 may have a resistance of 680 kΩ, and resistor R51 may have a resistance of 66.5 kΩ.

[0170] Capacitors C36 and C58 operate as smoothing capacitors and can have capacitances of 10 μF and 4.7 μF, respectively. Inductor L1006 can have an inductance selected based on the desired output voltage (e.g., 9V).

[0171] Now refer to Figure 7B The first-stage 7040 receives the input voltage signal VGATE and the second enable signal COIL_Z. The second enable signal is a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal and is the input to the first-stage 7040.

[0172] The first stage 7040 specifically includes an integrated gate driver U6, configured to convert a low-current signal from the controller 2105 into a high-current signal for controlling the switching of the transistors in the first stage 7040. The integrated gate driver U6 is also configured to convert a voltage level from the controller 2105 into the voltage level required by the transistors in the first stage 7040. Figure 7B In the exemplary embodiment shown, the integrated gate driver U6 is a half-bridge driver. However, the exemplary embodiment should not be limited to this example.

[0173] More specifically, the input voltage signal VGATE from the boost converter circuit 7020 is input to the first stage 7040 through a filter circuit including resistor R22 and capacitor C32. Resistor R22 may have a resistance of 10 ohms and capacitor C32 may have a capacitance of 1 microfarad.

[0174] The filter circuit, including resistor R22 and capacitor C32, is connected to the VCC pin (pin 4) of the integrated gate driver U6 and the anode of Zener diode D2 at node 3. The second terminal of capacitor C32 is grounded. The anode of Zener diode D2 is connected at node 7 to the first terminal of capacitor C32 and the boost pin BST (pin 1) of the integrated gate driver U6. The second terminal of capacitor C31 is connected at node 8 to the switching node pin SWN (pin 7) of the integrated gate driver U6 and between transistors Q2 and Q3. Figure 7BIn the exemplary embodiment shown, Zener diode D2 and capacitor C31 form part of a bootstrap charge pump circuit connected between the input voltage pin VCC and the boost pin BST of the integrated gate driver U6. Since capacitor C31 is connected to the input voltage signal VGATE from the boost converter circuit 7020, capacitor C31 is charged through diode D2 to a voltage nearly equal to the input voltage signal VGATE. Capacitor C31 may have a capacitance of 220 nanofarads.

[0175] Still refer to Figure 7B Resistor R25 is connected between the high-side gate driver pin DRVH (pin 8) and the switch node pin SWN (pin 7). The first terminal of resistor R29 is connected to the low-side gate driver pin DRVL at node 9. The second terminal of resistor R29 is grounded.

[0176] Resistor R23 and capacitor C33 form a filter circuit connected to the input pin IN (pin 2) of the integrated gate driver U6. This filter circuit is configured to remove high-frequency noise from the second heater enable signal COIL_Z at the input pin IN. The second heater enable signal COIL_Z is a PWM signal from the controller 2105. Therefore, the filter circuit is designed to filter out the high-frequency components of the PWM square wave pulse train, slightly reducing the rise and fall times at the edges of the square wave, allowing the transistor to gradually turn on and off.

[0177] Resistor R24 ​​is connected to the filter circuit and input pin IN at node 10. Resistor R24 ​​is used as a pull-down resistor such that if the second heater enable signal COIL_Z floats (or is uncertain), the input pin IN of the integrated gate driver U6 remains at a logic low level to prevent activation of heater 336.

[0178] Resistor R30 and capacitor C37 form a filter circuit connected to pin OD (pin 3) of the integrated gate driver U6. This filter circuit is configured to remove high-frequency noise from the input voltage signal VGATE from the input to pin OD.

[0179] Resistor R31 is connected to the filter circuit and pin OD at node 11. Resistor R31 acts as a pull-down resistor, ensuring that if the input voltage signal VGATE floats (or is uncertain), pin OD of the integrated gate driver U6 remains at a logic low level to prevent activation of heater 336. The signal output from the filter circuit formed by resistor R30 and capacitor C37 is called the filtered signal GATEON. R30 and R31 also form a voltage divider circuit to divide the signal VGATE to approximately 2.5V for the transistor driver chip input.

[0180] Transistors Q2 and Q3 are field-effect transistors (FETs) connected in series between the voltage source BATT and ground. Additionally, the first terminal of inductor L3 is connected to the voltage source BATT. At node 12, the second terminal of inductor L3 is connected to the first terminal of capacitor C30 and to the drain of transistor Q2. The second terminal of capacitor C30 is grounded. Inductor L3 and capacitor C30 form a filter to reduce and / or prevent transient spikes from the voltage source BATT.

[0181] The gate of transistor Q3 is connected to the low-side gate driver pin DRVL (pin 5) of the integrated gate driver U6, the drain of transistor Q3 is connected to the switch node pin SWN (pin 7) of the integrated gate driver U6 at node 8, and the source of transistor Q3 is connected to ground GND. When the low-side gate drive signal output from the low-side gate driver pin DRVL is high, transistor Q3 is in a low-impedance state (ON), thereby grounding node 8.

[0182] As described above, because capacitor C31 is connected to the input voltage signal VGATE from the boost converter circuit 7020, capacitor C31 is charged through diode D2 to a voltage equal to or substantially equal to the input voltage signal VGATE.

[0183] When the low-side gate drive signal output from the low-side gate driver pin DRVL is low, transistor Q3 switches to a high-impedance state (OFF), and the high-side gate driver pin DRVH (pin 8) is internally connected to the boost pin BST within the integrated gate driver U6. As a result, transistor Q2 is in a low-impedance state (ON), thereby connecting the switching node SWN to the voltage source BATT to pull the switching node SWN (node ​​8) to the voltage of the voltage source BATT.

[0184] In this configuration, node 7 is boosted to a bootstrap voltage V(BST) ≈ V(VGATE) + V(BATT), which makes the gate-source voltage of transistor Q2 the same as or substantially the same as the input voltage signal VGATE (e.g., V(VGATE)), independent of (or unrelated to) the voltage from the voltage source BATT. This circuit arrangement ensures that the BST voltage does not change as the voltage of the voltage source decreases; that is, the transistor switches efficiently even if the voltage of the voltage source BATT changes.

[0185] As a result, the switching node SWN (node ​​8) provides a high-current switching signal that can be used to generate a voltage output to the second stage 7060 (and a voltage output to the heater 336), the maximum value of which is equal to that of the battery voltage source BATT, but otherwise largely independent of the voltage output from the battery voltage source BATT.

[0186] The first terminal of capacitor C34 and the anode of Zener diode D4 are connected to the output terminal of the second stage 7060 at node 13. Capacitor C34 and resistor R28 are connected in series. The second terminal of capacitor C34 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R28. The cathode of Zener diode D4 and the second terminal of resistor R28 are grounded.

[0187] Capacitor C34, Zener diode D4, and resistor R28 form an anti-EMF (electric and magnetic field) circuit, which prevents interference from inductor L4 (in the circuit). Figure 7C The energy flow (as shown in the diagram) returns to the first stage 7040.

[0188] Resistor R25 is connected between the gate of transistor Q2 and the drain of transistor Q3. Resistor R25 acts as a pull-down resistor to ensure that transistor Q2 switches to high impedance more reliably.

[0189] The output of the first-stage 7040 is substantially independent of the voltage source voltage and is less than or equal to the voltage source voltage. When the second heater enable signal COIL_Z is at 100% PWM, transistor Q2 is always active, and the output of the first-stage 7040 is the voltage source voltage or substantially the voltage source voltage.

[0190] Figure 7C The second stage 7060 is shown. The second stage 7060 boosts the voltage of the output signal from the first stage 7040. More specifically, when the second heater enable signal COIL_Z is at a constant logic high level, a third enable signal COIL_X can be activated to boost the output of the first stage 7040. The third enable signal COIL_X is a PWM signal from the controller 2105. The controller 2105 controls the pulse width of the third enable signal COIL_X to boost the output of the first stage 7040 and generate the input voltage signal COIL_OUT. When the third enable signal COIL_X is at a constant logic low level, the output of the second stage 7060 is the output of the first stage 7040.

[0191] The second-stage 7060 receives the input voltage signal VGATE, the third enable signal COIL_X, and the filtered signal GATEON.

[0192] The second stage 7060 specifically includes an integrated gate driver U7, which is configured to convert a low-current signal from the controller 2105 into a high-current signal for controlling the switching of the transistors in the second stage 7060. The integrated gate driver U7 is also configured to convert voltage levels from the controller 2105 to the voltage levels required by the transistors in the second stage 7060. Figure 7B In the exemplary embodiment shown, the integrated gate driver U7 is a half-bridge driver. However, the exemplary embodiment should not be limited to this example.

[0193] More specifically, the input voltage signal VGATE from the boost converter circuit 7020 is input to the second stage 7060 through a filter circuit including resistor R18 and capacitor C28. Resistor R18 may have a resistance of 10 ohms, and capacitor C28 may have a capacitance of 1 microfarad.

[0194] The filter circuit, including resistor R18 and capacitor C28, is connected at node 14 to the VCC pin (pin 4) of the integrated gate driver U7 and the anode of Zener diode D1. The second terminal of capacitor C28 is grounded. The anode of Zener diode D2 is connected at node 15 to the first terminal of capacitor C27 and the boost pin BST (pin 1) of the integrated gate driver U7. The second terminal of capacitor C27 is connected at node 16 to the switching node pin SWN (pin 7) of the integrated gate driver U7 and between transistors Q1 and Q4.

[0195] exist Figure 7C In the exemplary embodiment shown, Zener diode D1 and capacitor C27 form part of a bootstrap charge pump circuit connected between the input voltage pin VCC and the boost pin BST of the integrated gate driver U7. Since capacitor C27 is connected to the input voltage signal VGATE from the boost converter circuit 7020, capacitor C27 is charged through diode D1 to a voltage nearly equal to the input voltage signal VGATE. Capacitor C31 may have a capacitance of 220 nanofarads.

[0196] Still refer to Figure 7C Resistor R21 is connected between the high-side gate driver pin DRVH (pin 8) and the switch node pin SWN (pin 7). The gate of transistor Q4 is connected to the low-side gate driver pin DRVL (pin 5) of the integrated data driver U7.

[0197] The first terminal of inductor L4 is connected to the output of the first-stage 7040, while the second terminal of inductor L4 is connected to node 16. Inductor L4 serves as the primary storage element for the output of the first-stage 7040. In exemplary operation, when the integrated gate driver U7 outputs a low-level signal from the low-side gate driver pin DRVL (pin 5), transistor Q4 switches to a low-impedance state (ON), allowing current to flow through inductor L4 and transistor Q4. This stores energy in inductor L4, with the current increasing linearly over time. The current in the inductor is proportional to the switching frequency of the transistor (controlled by the third heater enable signal COIL_X).

[0198] Resistor R10 and capacitor C29 form a filter circuit connected to the input pin IN (pin 2) of the integrated gate driver U7. The filter circuit is configured to remove high-frequency noise from the third heater enable signal COIL_X from the input to the input pin IN.

[0199] Resistor R20 is connected to the filter circuit and input pin IN at node 17. Resistor R20 is used as a pull-down resistor such that if the third heater enable signal COIL_X floats (or is uncertain), the input pin IN of the integrated gate driver U7 is held low to prevent activation of heater 336.

[0200] Resistor R30 and capacitor C37 form a filter circuit connected to pin OD (pin 3) of the integrated gate driver U6. This filter circuit is configured to remove high-frequency noise from the input voltage signal VGATE from the input to pin OD.

[0201] The integrated gate driver U7 receives the filtered signal GATEON at pin OD.

[0202] Transistors Q1 and Q4 are field-effect transistors (FETs). The gate of transistor Q1 and the first terminal of resistor R21 are connected at node 18 to the high-side gate driver pin DRVH (pin 8) of the integrated gate driver U7.

[0203] The source of transistor Q1 is connected at node 16 to the second terminal of resistor R21, the anode of Zener diode D3, the drain of transistor Q4, the first terminal of capacitor C35, the second terminal of capacitor C27, and the switching node pin SWN (pin 7) of integrated gate driver U7.

[0204] The gate of transistor Q4 is connected at node 19 to the low-side gate driver pin DRVL (pin 5) of the integrated gate driver U7 and the first terminal of resistor R27. The source of transistor Q4 and the second terminal of resistor R27 are grounded.

[0205] The second terminal of capacitor C35 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R29. The second terminal of resistor R29 is grounded.

[0206] The drain of transistor Q1 is connected at node 20 to the first terminal of capacitor C36, the cathode of Zener diode D3, and the cathode of Zener diode D5. The second terminal of capacitor C36 and the anode of Zener diode D5 are grounded. The output terminal 7065 of the second stage 7060 is connected to node 20 and outputs the input voltage signal COIL_OUT. Output terminal 7065 serves as the output terminal of the thermodynamic control circuit 2127.

[0207] Capacitor C35 can be a smoothing capacitor, and the resistor limits inrush current. Zener diode D3 is a blocking diode used to prevent the voltage in node 20 from discharging into capacitor C35. Capacitor C36 is the output capacitor charged by the second-stage 7060 (and reduces ripple in COIL_OUT), and Zener diode D5 is an ESD (electrostatic discharge) protection diode.

[0208] When the low-side gate drive signal output from the low-side gate driver pin DRVL is high, transistor Q4 is in a low-impedance state (ON), thereby grounding node Node16 and increasing the energy stored in the magnetic field of inductor L4.

[0209] As described above, since capacitor C27 is connected to the input voltage signal VGATE from the boost converter circuit 7020, capacitor C27 is charged through diode D1 to a voltage equal to or substantially equal to the input voltage signal VGATE.

[0210] When the low-side gate drive signal output from the low-side gate driver pin DRVL is low, transistor Q4 switches to a high-impedance state (OFF), and the high-side gate driver pin DRVH (pin 8) is internally connected to the bootstrap pin BST within the integrated gate driver U7. As a result, transistor Q1 is in a low-impedance state (ON), thereby connecting the switching node SWN to inductor L4.

[0211] In this configuration, node 15 is boosted to a bootstrap voltage V(BST) ≈ V(VGATE) + V(INDUCTOR), which makes the gate-source voltage of transistor Q1 the same as or substantially the same as the input voltage signal VGATE (e.g., V(VGATE)), independent of (or unrelated to) the voltage from inductor L4. Since the second stage 7060 is a boost circuit, the bootstrap voltage can also be referred to as the boost voltage.

[0212] Switching node SWN (node ​​8) is connected to the inductor voltage and the output capacitor C36 is charged, thereby generating a voltage output signal COIL_OUT (the voltage output to heater 336), which is substantially independent of the voltage output from the first stage 7040.

[0213] Figures 8A to 8B A method for controlling a heater in a non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0214] Many non-flammable devices preheat organic materials (such as tobacco) before using them. Preheating is used to raise the temperature of the material to the point where the compound of interest begins to volatilize, so that the initial negative pressure applied by an adult operator contains an aerosol of suitable volume and composition.

[0215] In at least some exemplary embodiments, the applied energy is used as the basis for controlling the heater during preheating. Using the applied energy to control the heater improves the quality and consistency of the initial negative pressure applied by the adult operator. In contrast, time and temperature are typically used as the basis for controlling preheating.

[0216] Figures 8A to 8B This method can be implemented at controller 2105. In one example, Figures 8A to 8B The method can be implemented as part of a device manager finite state machine (FSM) software implementation executed at controller 2105.

[0217] like Figure 8A As shown, the method includes: in S805, applying a first power based on a first target preheating temperature. Figure 8B The diagram further illustrates an exemplary embodiment of S805.

[0218] like Figure 8B As shown, the controller detects that the capsule is inserted into the aerosol generating device. In some exemplary embodiments, the controller is connected to... Figures 1A to 1C The door shown in the diagram receives a signal from its opening and closing switch. In other exemplary embodiments, the aerosol generating apparatus further includes (or alternatively includes) a capsule detection switch. The capsule detection switch detects whether the capsule is correctly inserted (e.g., the capsule detection switch is pressed / closed when the capsule is correctly inserted). When the capsule is correctly inserted, the controller may generate a signal PWR_EN_VGATE as a logic high level (in... Figure 7A (As shown in the diagram). Additionally, the controller can perform a heater continuity check to determine if the bladder has been inserted and if the heater resistance is within a specified range (e.g., ±20%).

[0219] After the capsule has been inserted (as detected by a switch) and / or when the aerosol generating device 10 is turned on (e.g., by button operation), the heater 336 can be powered for a short time (approximately 50 ms) using a low-power signal (approximately 1 W) from the thermal control circuit, and the resistance can be calculated based on the voltage and current measured during this energy pulse. If the measured resistance falls within a specified range (e.g., nominal 2100 mΩ ± 20%), the capsule is considered acceptable, and the system can continue to generate aerosols.

[0220] Low power and short duration are designed to provide the minimum amount of heating to the capsule (to prevent the formation of any aerosols).

[0221] In the S825, the controller obtains operating parameters from memory. These operating parameters may include identifying the maximum power level (P). max The operating parameters include the values ​​of the initial preheating temperature, subsequent preheating temperature, and preheating energy threshold. For example, the operating parameters can be predetermined based on empirical data or adjusted based on measurements obtained from the capsule (e.g., voltage and current). However, exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto. Additionally or alternatively, the operating parameters may include different initial preheating temperatures for subsequent instances of the multi-instance device. For example, the controller may obtain operating parameters for the initial instance and operating parameters for a second subsequent instance.

[0222] In the S830, the controller can make the aerosol generating device display an "on" status. The controller can also make the aerosol generating device generate visual indicators and / or tactile feedback to display the "on" status.

[0223] In S835, the controller determines whether preheating has begun. In some exemplary embodiments, the controller may begin preheating when it receives input from the product-on-product control instructing the consumer to press a button to initiate preheating. In some exemplary embodiments, this button may be separate from the button that powers on the aerosol generating device, while in other exemplary embodiments, the button may be the same as the button that powers on the aerosol generating device. In other exemplary embodiments, preheating may be initiated based on another input (e.g., sensing an airflow rate above a threshold level). In other exemplary embodiments, the product-on-product control may allow an adult operator to select one or more temperature profiles (each temperature profile associated with operating parameters stored in memory).

[0224] If the controller determines that preheating has not yet started, the method proceeds to S880, where the controller determines whether the shutdown timer has expired. If the shutdown timer has not expired, the method returns to S830; otherwise, if the controller determines that the shutdown timer has expired, the controller displays the aerosol generating device as "off" at S885 and de-energizes it at S890. The shutdown timer is activated when the detected airflow is below a threshold level. The shutdown timer is used to display the "off" state based on a period of inactivity (e.g., 15 minutes). However, the exemplary embodiment is not limited to 15 minutes. For example, the duration of the shutdown timer could be 2 minutes or 10 minutes.

[0225] If the S835 controller determines that preheating has begun (e.g., by detecting input from a control on the product), the controller retrieves the operating parameters associated with the input from the control on the product from the memory. In one example, if the aerosol generation instance is not the initial instance of the capsule, the controller can retrieve the operating parameters associated with the instance number. For example, the memory can store different temperature targets based on the instance number (e.g., different temperature targets for each instance number) and different target energy levels for preheating based on the instance number.

[0226] An initial instance occurs when the controller first initiates the warm-up algorithm after detecting that the capsule has been removed and subsequently inserted. Additionally, the instance number is incremented if the instance times out (e.g., after 8 minutes) or if the consumer turns off the device during the instance.

[0227] When the operating parameters are obtained in S840, the controller can cause the aerosol generating device to display an indication that preheating has started via the aerosol indicator.

[0228] In S850, the controller ramps up to the heater's maximum available power (e.g., the controller provides 10W of maximum available power within 200ms) via the VGATE, COIL_Z, and COIL_X signals provided to the thermal control circuit 2127. More specifically, the controller requests maximum power but ramps up to reduce instantaneous load on the power supply. In one exemplary embodiment, the maximum available power is a setpoint based on battery capacity and to minimize overshoot so that the aerosol-forming substrate is not ignited by the heater (i.e., how much energy can be put into the aerosol-forming substrate without ignition). The maximum available power can be set based on empirical evidence and can be between 10-15W. In S855, the controller provides the maximum available power until the controller determines that it is close to the target initial preheating temperature of the heater (e.g., 320°C). While 320°C is used as an exemplary target initial preheating temperature for an aerosol-forming substrate containing tobacco, it should be understood that the exemplary embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, the target initial preheating temperature for an aerosol-forming substrate containing tobacco can be less than 400°C, such as 350°C. Furthermore, the target initial preheating temperature is based on the material in the aerosol-forming substrate. The controller can determine the heater temperature using a measured voltage (e.g., COIL_VOL) from the heater voltage measurement circuit and a measured voltage from the compensation voltage measurement circuit, and can determine a measured current (e.g., COIL_RTN_I) from the heater current measurement circuit. The controller can determine the temperature of heater 336 in any known manner (e.g., based on the relative linear relationship between the resistance and temperature of heater 336).

[0229] In addition, the controller can use the measured current COIL_RTN_I and the measured voltage COIL_RTN to determine the resistance of heater 336, i.e., heater resistance R. 加热器 (For example, using Ohm's law or other known methods). For example, according to at least some exemplary embodiments, the controller can divide the measured voltage COIL_RTN (or the compensation voltage VCOMP) by the measured current COIL_RTN_I to obtain the heater resistance R. 加热器 .

[0230] In some exemplary embodiments, the measurement voltage COIL_RTN, which is measured at the measurement contact for resistance calculation, can be used for temperature control.

[0231] For example, controller 2105 can determine (i.e., estimate) the temperature using the following formula:

[0232] R 加热器 =R0[1+α(TT0)]

[0233] Where α is the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the heater material, R0 is the initial resistance, and T0 is the initial temperature.加热器 It is the current fixed resistance value, while T is the estimated temperature.

[0234] During the initial preheating period, the controller 2105 stores the starting resistance R0 in the memory 2130. More specifically, the controller 2105 can measure the starting resistance R0 when the power applied to the heater 336 has reached a value where the effect of measurement error on temperature calculation is reduced. For example, the controller 2105 can measure the starting resistance R0 when the power supplied to the heater 336 is 1W (where the resistance measurement error is approximately less than 1%).

[0235] The initial temperature T0 is the ambient temperature at which the controller 2105 measures the starting resistor R0. The controller 2105 can determine the initial temperature T0 using an onboard thermistor or any temperature measuring device used to measure the initial temperature T0.

[0236] According to at least one exemplary embodiment, a 10 ms measurement interval can be used for measurements performed from the heater current measurement circuit 21258 and the heater voltage measurement circuit 21252 (because this can be the maximum sampling rate). However, in at least one other exemplary embodiment, a 1 ms measurement interval (the system's tick rate) can be used for resistance-based heater measurements.

[0237] In other exemplary embodiments, determining the heater temperature value may include obtaining the heater temperature value from a lookup table (LUT) based on the determined resistance. In some exemplary embodiments, an LUT indexed by the change in resistance relative to the initial resistance may be used.

[0238] A LUT can store multiple temperature values ​​corresponding to multiple heater resistors. The obtained heater temperature value can be the temperature value corresponding to the determined resistor among the multiple temperature values ​​stored in the LUT.

[0239] Additionally, the aerosol generating device 10 can store (e.g., in memory 2130) a lookup table (LUT) that stores multiple heater resistance values ​​as indexes for multiple corresponding heater temperature values ​​also stored in the LUT. Therefore, the controller can use a predetermined heater resistance R... 加热器 The current temperature of heater 336 is estimated as an index for use in the LUT, so as to identify (e.g., look up) the corresponding heater temperature T from the heater temperatures stored in the LUT.

[0240] Once the controller determines that it is approaching the target initial preheating temperature, in S855, the controller begins to reduce the power applied to the heater to an intermediate power level to avoid temperature overshoot.

[0241] Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller (in) Figure 9 As shown in the figure, proportional control is applied based on the error signal (i.e., the target temperature minus the currently determined temperature). Therefore, when the error signal tends to decrease to zero, the controller 2105 begins to withdraw the applied power (this is mainly controlled by the proportional term (P) of the PID controller, but the integral term (I) and derivative term also contribute).

[0242] The values ​​of P, I, and D balance overshoot, delay, and steady-state error, and control how the PID controller adjusts its output. The values ​​of P, I, and D can be obtained empirically or through simulation.

[0243] Figure 9 A block diagram illustrating a temperature-heat engine control algorithm according to at least some exemplary embodiments is shown.

[0244] Reference Figure 9 The temperature thermodynamic control algorithm 900 uses a PID controller 970 to control the amount of power applied to the thermodynamic control circuit 2127 in order to achieve a desired temperature. For example, as discussed in more detail below, according to at least some exemplary embodiments, the temperature thermodynamic control algorithm 900 includes: obtaining a determined temperature value 974 (e.g., determined as described above); obtaining a target temperature value (e.g., target temperature 976) from a memory 2130; and controlling the power level supplied to the heater based on the determined heater temperature value and the target temperature value via a PID controller (e.g., PID controller 970).

[0245] Furthermore, according to at least some exemplary embodiments, the target temperature 976 is used as a setpoint (i.e., a temperature setpoint) in the PID control loop controlled by the PID controller 970.

[0246] Therefore, the PID controller 970 continuously corrects the level of the power control signal 972 to control the power waveform 930 (i.e., COIL_X and COIL_Z) output to the heat engine control circuit 2127 by the power level setting operation 944, in such a way that the difference (e.g., the magnitude of the difference) between the target temperature 976 and the determined temperature 974 is reduced, or alternatively minimized. The difference between the target temperature 976 and the determined temperature 974 can also be considered as an error value that the PID controller 970 strives to reduce or minimize.

[0247] For example, according to at least some exemplary embodiments, the power level setting operation 944 outputs a power waveform 930 such that the level of the power waveform 930 is controlled by a power control signal 972. The heat engine control circuit 2127 causes the power supply 1234 to provide a certain amount of power to the heater 336, thereby increasing or decreasing in proportion to an increase or decrease in the magnitude of the power level of the power level waveform output to the heat engine control circuit 2127. Therefore, by controlling the power control signal 972, the PID controller 970 controls (e.g., by the power supply 1234) the power level supplied to the heater 336 such that the difference between a target temperature value (e.g., target temperature 976) and a determined temperature value (e.g., determined temperature 974) is reduced, or alternatively minimized.

[0248] According to at least some exemplary embodiments, the PID controller 970 can operate according to a known PID control method. According to at least some exemplary embodiments, the PID controller 970 can generate two or more terms among a proportional term (P), an integral term (I), and a derivative term (D), and the PID controller 970 can use two or more terms to regulate or correct the power control signal 972 according to known methods. In some exemplary embodiments, the same PID settings can be used for the initial and subsequent preheating phases.

[0249] In other exemplary embodiments, different PID settings may be used for each stage (e.g., if the temperature targets used for initial preheating and subsequent preheating are substantially different).

[0250] Figure 10 An exemplary manner is shown in which the level of the power waveform 930 can vary over time as the PID controller 970 continuously corrects the power control signal 972 provided to the power level setting operation 944. Figure 10 An exemplary manner is shown in which the level of the power waveform 930 can vary when a temperature threshold and an energy threshold are reached. Figure 10 The power in the system is COIL_VOL * COIL_CUR. Figure 10 In the process, when the temperature approaches the setpoint, the PID loop will start from the maximum power P max Reducing the applied power decreases the overshoot of the target temperature.

[0251] The following discussion will be more detailed. Figure 10 .

[0252] Return to reference Figure 8A In S810, the controller determines the estimated energy that has been delivered to the heater as part of the applied first power.

[0253] like Figure 8BAs shown and previously discussed, in S855, the controller controls the power supplied to the heater. In S860, the controller determines whether the estimated energy applied to the heater has reached the preheating energy threshold. More specifically, the controller integrates (or sums over samples) the power delivered to the heater since the start of preheating to estimate the energy delivered to the heater. In one exemplary embodiment, the controller determines the power applied to the heater every millisecond (power = COIL_VOL * COIL_CUR) and uses the determined power as part of the integration (or sum).

[0254] If the controller determines that the preheating energy threshold has not yet been met, the method proceeds to S855, where power is supplied to the heater as part of the heater's preheating process.

[0255] When the controller determines that the applied energy has reached the preheating energy threshold (e.g., 75J), in S865, the controller causes the aerosol generating device to output a preheating completion indication via the aerosol indicator.

[0256] Reference Figure 8A and Figure 8B When the preheating energy threshold is met, the controller applies a second power to the heater in S815. The second power can be less than the first power.

[0257] The controller changes the target initial preheating temperature of the heater to the subsequent preheating temperature (e.g., 300°C), and the controller uses... Figure 9 The temperature control algorithm described herein reduces the input power accordingly to a second power. The subsequent preheating temperature can be based on empirical data and is lower than the target initial preheating temperature. In some exemplary embodiments, the subsequent preheating temperature can be based on the number of times negative pressure is applied to the device while the capsule is located within the device.

[0258] Although Figure 8B and Figure 10 Preheating to a subsequent preheating temperature target is shown, but an adult operator can begin aerosol generation after the initial preheating temperature target is reached. More specifically, controller 2105 can initiate aerosol generation (i.e., supply power to the heater so that the heater reaches a temperature sufficient to generate aerosols) upon detecting a negative pressure applied by an adult operator and upon reaching the initial preheating temperature target.

[0259] The preheating energy threshold can be determined based on empirical data and is defined as the energy sufficient to generate the desired / selected amount of aerosol when a negative pressure above the pressure threshold is applied.

[0260] In S875, an adult operator can apply negative pressure to the aerosol generating device. In response, the aerosol generating device heats the aerosol precursor formulation in the capsule to generate an aerosol.

[0261] By using the applied energy as a factor in controlling the temperature of the heater and / or the temperature during heating, sensory experience and energy efficiency are improved, thereby saving battery power.

[0262] Figure 10 It shows Figures 8A to 8B The timing diagram of the method is shown below. At T1, preheating begins and the controller ramps up the power to apply a first power to the heater; in this example, the first power is the maximum power P. max At T2, the controller determines that the heater is approaching the initial preheating target temperature Temp1 (due to the reduction of the error signal in the PID control loop) and begins to reduce the applied power from Pmax to the intermediate power P. int To avoid temperature overshoot, reduce the power P to an intermediate level. int This includes at least two intervals, Int1 and Int2. The controller reduces the power at a faster rate (i.e., a larger slope) than during interval Int2. Interval Int2 has a smaller rate of change to allow the intermediate power Pint to be reached substantially simultaneously with the controller determining that the initial preheating temperature Temp1 has been reached. The PID settings for preheating can be the same for both intervals Int1 and Int2 (e.g., P = 100, I = 0.25, and D = 0). The change in power applied during intervals Int1 and Int2 is a result of the reduction in the temperature error signal.

[0263] At T3, the controller determines that the initial preheating temperature Temp1 has been reached. At T4, the controller determines that the applied energy has reached the preheating energy threshold and reduces the power to a second power P2 to maintain the heater temperature at the subsequent preheating temperature Temp2.

[0264] From the intermediate power P int The transition to the second power P2 involves two intervals, Int3 and Int4. In interval Int3, the controller decreases the power with a first slope. In interval Int4, the controller increases the power with a slope smaller than the first slope. When the power is P... dip When (its power is less than the second power P2), the controller starts the interval Int4.

[0265] Figures 11A to 11F A method for controlling a heater in a non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0266] As described below, aerosol generating devices can adjust the power / energy delivered to the heater within a single suction (e.g., a 2-4 second suction), thereby improving the sensory experience. These methods can be referred to as in-suction control.

[0267] In both heated basket and tobacco stick aerosol generating devices, the thermal response can be slow relative to the duration of negative pressure applied to the device by an adult operator. Therefore, such aerosol generating devices do not include smoke sensors or airflow sensors.

[0268] However, the aerosol generating apparatus of the exemplary embodiment includes an air flow sensor (e.g., air flow sensor 1248) for detecting when the negative pressure exceeds a threshold and has decreased below the threshold.

[0269] Figures 11A to 11F This method can be implemented at controller 2105. In one example, Figures 11A to 11F The method can be implemented as part of a device manager finite state machine (FSM) software implementation executed at controller 2105.

[0270] Reference Figure 11A When the aerosol generating device receives an input to start the device or initiate preheating, the controller initiates the preheating algorithm in step S1102. This can be based on... Figures 8A to 10 The exemplary embodiments described herein are used to perform preheating.

[0271] In the S905, air flow is detected by an air flow sensor. Figure 11B Additional details regarding the detection of airflow are shown. (For example...) Figure 11B As shown, in S1125, the controller controls the heater temperature to a preheating temperature target (e.g., an initial preheating temperature target). While the controller controls the heater temperature according to the preheating temperature target, in S1130, the controller monitors the input from the airflow sensor to determine whether the detected airflow exceeds a first airflow threshold. If the controller determines that the detected airflow does not exceed the first airflow threshold, then in S1175, the controller determines whether a threshold time has elapsed so that the device will shut down or enter a sleep mode. If the threshold time has not elapsed, the method returns to S1125 and the controller continues to control the heater temperature according to the preheating temperature target. Although in Figure 11B The example uses time to determine whether to shut down the aerosol generator; however, it should be understood that other criteria can also be used to determine whether to shut down the aerosol generator. For example, the controller could determine to prohibit aerosol generation after a threshold number of suction cycles, a threshold time exceeding a threshold negative pressure, or after instance energy consumption.

[0272] If the controller in S1130 determines that the detected airflow exceeds a first threshold, then in S1135 the controller determines that sufficient negative pressure is being applied to the aerosol generating device to initiate an aerosol generation event. (See the description of the airflow sensor for reference.) Figures 11A to 11FHowever, it should be understood that pressure sensors or other types of sensors used to detect negative pressure suction can be used instead of air flow sensors or in addition to air flow sensors.

[0273] The air flow sensor provides an amplitude measurement to the controller 2105 every 20 ms. The controller uses threshold detection, which averages multiple samples (e.g., 7 samples), to reduce noise. For example, the controller averages the amplitudes of multiple samples from the air flow sensor and determines whether the average exceeds a first air flow threshold (e.g., 1 ml / s).

[0274] In some exemplary embodiments, when the detected airflow is equal to a first threshold, the controller determines that sufficient negative pressure is being applied to the aerosol generating device to initiate an aerosol generating event, while in other exemplary embodiments, when the detected airflow is equal to the first threshold, the controller determines that insufficient negative pressure is being applied to the aerosol generating device to initiate an aerosol generating event.

[0275] Return to reference Figure 11A In S1110, the controller applies a first power based on the detected airflow. For example... Figure 11B As shown, when the controller determines that sufficient negative pressure is being applied to the aerosol generating device to initiate the aerosol generating event, the controller loads the temperature and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) settings from memory in S1140.

[0276] The memory (e.g., 2130) can store threshold values ​​used to set PID settings and temperature setpoints (target temperatures). For example, during preheating, a PID setting can be set for high accuracy and slow response (e.g., P = 100, I = 0.25, D = 0). When airflow is detected to exceed a first airflow threshold (at the start of the suction phase), the controller can set a PID setting to compensate for the airflow using a responsive PID setting (e.g., P = 300, I = 1, D = 0). The PID setting can remain constant for the operating phase (i.e., preheating or suction (e.g., when negative pressure exceeds a threshold)). For example, when the controller determines that sufficient negative pressure is being applied (e.g., exceeding the first airflow threshold), the controller can increase the proportional and integral settings to increase the power delivered to the heater, thereby: avoiding / reducing a temperature drop in the heater, or reaching a higher or lower temperature with a shorter delay.

[0277] In S1145, the controller generates a command to supply first power to the heater based on the target temperature associated with the detected airflow and PID settings. By performing a low-delay detection to initiate suction detection, the system can switch to a higher temperature setpoint (target temperature), including a higher P value for the suction duration, thereby increasing the amount of aerosol generated, before switching back to the temperature level maintained between suction cycles (e.g., preheating temperature) to reduce battery consumption and the consumption of volatiles in the capsule.

[0278] In one exemplary embodiment, the controller applies a ratio associated with a set maximum power (e.g., 10W) ​​to supply the maximum available power to the heater. Once the controller determines, using voltage and current measurement circuitry, that the heater is approaching a target event temperature (e.g., 320°C), it reduces the power supplied to the heater to maintain the target event temperature. When suction is detected, the controller can retrieve the new PID settings.

[0279] In S1150, when the controller controls the heater temperature according to the target temperature associated with the detected air flow, the controller monitors the input from the air flow sensor to determine whether the detected air flow is below a second threshold.

[0280] If the controller determines that the detected airflow exceeds a second airflow threshold, the method returns to S1145 and the controller continues to control the heater temperature according to the target temperature associated with the detected airflow. If the controller determines in S1150 that the detected airflow does not exceed the second threshold, then in S1155 the controller determines that there is insufficient negative pressure being applied to the aerosol generating device to continue the aerosol generating event.

[0281] In some exemplary embodiments, when the detected airflow rate is equal to a second airflow rate threshold, the controller determines that sufficient negative pressure is being applied to the aerosol generating device to continue the aerosol generating event, while in other exemplary embodiments, when the detected airflow rate is equal to the second airflow rate threshold, the controller determines that insufficient negative pressure is being applied to the aerosol generating device to continue the aerosol generating event.

[0282] In some exemplary embodiments, the first airflow threshold and the second airflow threshold may be different, while in other exemplary embodiments, the first airflow threshold and the second airflow threshold may be the same. In some exemplary embodiments, the first airflow threshold is higher than the second airflow threshold. The time period between the pressure exceeding the first airflow threshold and dropping below the second airflow threshold may be referred to as the suction phase.

[0283] Reference Figures 11A to 11B Both, when in S1115 (more specifically, Figure 11BWhen the airflow detected by S1160 in the controller drops below a second threshold, the controller applies a second power to the heater. The second power is based on the target preheating temperature.

[0284] In some exemplary embodiments, in S1160, the controller retrieves the PID setting associated with a set minimum power (e.g., 1W) and causes the set minimum power to be delivered to the heater.

[0285] In S1165, the controller uses measurements from the current and voltage measurement circuit to determine whether the heater has reached the target preheating temperature. If the controller determines that the heater is not at or below the target preheating temperature, in S1160 the controller continues to apply a second power (e.g., minimum power). If the controller determines that the heater is at or below the target preheating temperature, in S1120, the controller applies a third power to the heater to regulate / maintain the preheating temperature determined by the controller using the current and voltage measurements.

[0286] Figure 11C The use of a first-stage temperature preheating according to at least one exemplary embodiment is shown. Figures 11A to 11B The timing diagram of the method is shown. Figure 11C In the example shown, the target suction temperature, Draw1, is higher than the preheating temperature, Temp3.

[0287] At T1, the controller receives input regarding the start-up preheating algorithm, which causes the controller to ramp up the power to apply maximum power P to the heater. max At T2, the controller determines that the target preheating temperature Temp3 of the heater has been reached. As described above, when approaching the target temperature, the controller reduces the power applied to the heater to reduce the possibility of temperature overshoot, and then maintains the target preheating temperature Temp3. At T3, the controller detects a negative pressure sufficient to trigger an aerosol generation event (i.e., suction) and configures the system to respond quickly with a first power, which, in some exemplary embodiments, may be the maximum power P in the presence of airflow from the negative pressure. max The controller configures a fast power response by changing the PID settings. Once the controller determines that the heater temperature is approaching the target suction temperature Draw1 at T4, it reduces the first power delivered to the heater to a level sufficient to maintain the target suction temperature Draw1. At T5, the controller detects that the negative pressure is insufficient to continue the aerosol generation event and applies a second power, which in some exemplary embodiments may be a minimum power P. min At T6, the controller determines that the heater is at or below the target preheating temperature Temp1 and causes power P2 (third power) to be applied to the heater to regulate / maintain the preheating temperature Temp3 determined by the controller using current and voltage measurements.

[0288] Figure 11D The use of two-stage temperature preheating according to at least one exemplary embodiment is shown. Figures 11A to 11B The timing diagram of the method is shown. Figure 11D In the example shown, two-stage preheating is a reference. Figures 8A to 10 The preheating described. Figure 11D In the example shown, the suction target temperature Draw2 is compared with the initial target preheating temperature (in Figure 11D It is displayed as Temp1).

[0289] exist Figure 11D In the middle, for reference Figure 10 The temperature and power waveforms before time T1 are described.

[0290] At T1, the controller detects a negative pressure sufficient to trigger an aerosol generation event (i.e., suction) and applies a first power, which in some exemplary embodiments may be a maximum power P. max Once the controller determines that the temperature of heater T2 is approaching the target suction temperature Draw2, the controller reduces the initial power supplied to the heater to a level sufficient to maintain the target suction temperature Draw2. main Power P main It can be higher than the power P int To maintain the initial preheating temperature Temp1. Power P main It can achieve a higher power P due to the additional cooling effect generated by the airflow from the extraction and in order to achieve the same (or substantially the same) temperature as the preheating temperature. int At T3, the controller detects that the negative pressure is insufficient to continue the aerosol generation event and applies a power P lower than that of P2. dip To maintain the subsequent preheating temperature Temp2. ​​At T4, the controller determines that the heater is approaching the subsequent preheating temperature Temp2 and applies power P2 to the heater to regulate / maintain the subsequent preheating temperature Temp2 as determined by the controller using current and voltage measurements.

[0291] Figure 11E The use of two-stage temperature preheating according to at least one exemplary embodiment is shown. Figures 11A to 11B The timing diagram of the method is shown. Figure 11D In the example shown, two-stage preheating is a reference. Figures 8A to 10 The preheating described. Figure 11E In the example shown, the suction target temperature Draw3 is lower than the initial target preheating temperature (in Figure 11EThe initial target preheating temperature is shown as Temp1, and the subsequent target preheating temperature is shown as Temp2. ​​By using a suction target temperature that is lower than both the initial and subsequent target preheating temperatures, the perceived aerosol warmth of the aerosols generated during suction is reduced / minimized.

[0292] exist Figure 11E In the middle, for reference Figure 10 The temperature and power waveforms before time T1 are described.

[0293] At T1, the controller detects a negative pressure sufficient to trigger an aerosol generation event (i.e., suction) and applies a first power, which in some exemplary embodiments may be a minimum power P. min During initial preheating, the slope of the transition down to the first power is greater than the slope of the transition up to the maximum power. Once the controller determines that the temperature of heater T3 is approaching the target suction temperature Draw3, the controller increases the first power delivered to the heater to a power P sufficient to maintain the target suction temperature Draw3. main2 Power P main2 The power can be higher than P2 to maintain the subsequent preheating temperature Temp2. ​​At T3, the controller detects that the negative pressure is insufficient to continue the aerosol generation event, and ramps up the power to apply power P2 to raise the temperature to the subsequent preheating temperature Temp2 and maintain it.

[0294] Figure 11F The use of two-stage temperature preheating according to at least one exemplary embodiment is shown. Figures 11A to 11B The timing diagram of the method is shown. Figure 11F In the example shown, two-stage preheating is a reference. Figures 8A to 10 The preheating described. Figure 11F In the example shown, the target aerosol temperature is the subsequent target preheating temperature (displayed as Temp2). By using the subsequent target preheating temperature as the target aerosol temperature, a consistent amount of aerosol is generated during aerosol extraction.

[0295] exist Figure 11F In the middle, for reference Figure 10 The temperature and power waveforms before time T1 are described.

[0296] At T1, the controller detects a negative pressure sufficient to trigger an aerosol generation event (i.e., suction) and configures the system for a rapid power response, applying a first power. In some exemplary embodiments, the first power may be power P in the presence of an airflow from the negative pressure. main3 Fast power response (i.e., changes in PID settings) and power P main3The aerosol generating device is allowed to use the suction temperature as the subsequent target preheating temperature. At T2, the controller detects that the negative pressure is insufficient to continue the aerosol generating event and rapidly reduces the power to apply power P2 to maintain the subsequent preheating temperature Temp2. ​​Although the temperature remains substantially constant before and after time T2, the controller rapidly reduces the power at T2 due to the reduced airflow from the decreased negative pressure.

[0297] Figures 11C to 11F The rapid power response shown is due to the controller dynamically changing the PID settings when suction and / or negative pressure exceeds a first threshold.

[0298] Figure 11G The timing diagram shows a non-combustible aerosol generating device without internal heating control of the smoke jet. At T7, the adult operator applies negative pressure, but a temperature drop occurs because the aerosol generating device fails to increase power quickly enough to maintain the temperature. As a result, the temperature of the heater (and aerosol generating material) does not recover until the adult operator stops negative pressure suction at T8.

[0299] While some exemplary embodiments have been disclosed herein, it should be understood that other variations are possible. Such variations should not be considered as departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that all such modifications are included within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

1. A system for controlling a heater in a non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus, the system comprising: Memory, the memory storing computer-readable instructions; and A controller configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating device to: The airflow rate in the non-flammable aerosol generating device is detected. A first power is applied to the heater based on the detected airflow exceeding a first airflow threshold. A second power is applied to the heater based on the preheating temperature and the detected airflow rate being lower than a second airflow rate threshold. This second power is applied after the application of the first power, and the second airflow rate threshold is less than the first airflow rate threshold. A third power is applied to the heater based on the preheating temperature and the detected air flow rate being lower than the second air flow rate threshold. The application of the third power follows the application of the second power, and the third power is greater than the second power.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The controller is configured to enable the non-flammable aerosol generating device to: Determine the heating temperature; The first power is reduced based on the heating temperature and the suction temperature; and The second power is applied based on the suction temperature and the preheating temperature.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein, The preheating temperature and the suction temperature are the same.

4. The system according to claim 2, wherein, The suction temperature is greater than the preheating temperature.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The controller is configured to enable the non-flammable aerosol generating device to: Determine the heating temperature; Increase the first power after detecting the airflow and before applying the second power; and Increase the second power before applying the third power.

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein, The first power is less than the second power.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The controller includes, A proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, wherein the controller is configured to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating device to change at least one of the proportional, integral, and derivative terms of the PID controller based on the detected airflow.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein, The controller is configured to increase the proportional term when the detected airflow is greater than the first airflow threshold, and decrease the proportional term when the detected airflow is less than the second airflow threshold.

9. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: A sensor configured to detect the airflow and output a signal to the controller, the signal representing the amplitude of the airflow.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The preheating temperature is less than 400℃.

11. The system according to claim 10, wherein, The preheating temperature is 320℃.

12. The system according to claim 10, wherein, The preheating temperature is 300℃.

13. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The first power is the set maximum power.

14. The system according to claim 13, wherein, The second power is the set minimum power.

15. The system according to claim 14, wherein, The minimum power setting is 1W.

16. The system according to claim 14, wherein, The controller is configured to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating device to determine the heating temperature, and to apply the third power when the heating temperature is the preheating temperature.

17. A non-flammable aerosol generation system, the system comprising: heater; and Circuit, the circuit being configured to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating system to: The airflow rate in the non-flammable aerosol generation system is detected. A first power is applied to the heater based on the detected airflow exceeding a first airflow threshold. A second power is applied to the heater based on the preheating temperature and the detected airflow rate being lower than a second airflow rate threshold. This second power is applied after the application of the first power. A third power is applied to the heater based on the preheating temperature and the detected air flow rate being lower than the second air flow rate threshold. The application of the third power follows the application of the second power, and the third power is greater than the second power.

18. The non-flammable aerosol generating system according to claim 17, the system comprising: A removable bladder including a heater, wherein the removable bladder is configured to guide airflow along the longitudinal axis of the bladder.

19. A system for controlling a heater in a non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus, the system comprising: Memory, the memory storing computer-readable instructions; and A controller configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating device to: The airflow rate in the non-flammable aerosol generating device is detected. When the detected airflow rate is greater than a first threshold, a first power is applied to the heater. When the detected airflow exceeds the first threshold, the first power is reduced to reach the suction temperature. When the detected airflow rate is below a second threshold, a second power is applied to the heater. This second power is applied after the first power is reduced to reach the suction temperature, where the second threshold is less than the first threshold, and the second power is less than the first power. A third power, greater than the second power, is applied to the heater after the second power is applied and when the detected airflow is below the second threshold.

20. A system for controlling a heater in a non-flammable aerosol generating apparatus, the system comprising: Memory, the memory storing computer-readable instructions; and A controller configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to cause the non-flammable aerosol generating device to: Apply preheating power to reach the preheating temperature. The airflow rate in the non-flammable aerosol generating device is detected. When the detected airflow exceeds a first threshold, a first power is applied to the heater, the first power being less than the preheating power. When the detected airflow exceeds the first threshold, the first power is increased to the suction temperature to achieve the suction temperature, which is lower than the preheating temperature. When the detected airflow is below a second threshold, a second power is applied to the heater. The second power is applied after the first power is increased to reach the suction temperature. The second threshold is less than the first threshold, and the second power is greater than the increased first power.

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