A circulating fluidized bed flotation device and method suitable for coarse particle recovery

Abstract

The application relates to a circulating fluidized bed flotation device and method suitable for coarse particle recovery, and belongs to the technical field of mineral separation processing, and solves the problems of low coarse particle flotation recovery rate and poor separation precision in the prior art. The application comprises a first-stage fluidized bed flotation column, a second-stage fluidized bed flotation column and a hydrocyclone, the first-stage fluidized bed flotation column and the second-stage fluidized bed flotation column are communicated through the hydrocyclone. The application realizes the purposes of improving the upper limit of flotation and increasing the separation particle size range through the cooperation of high-speed upward water flow and low-speed upward water flow and circulating fluidization flotation, and improves the coarse particle flotation recovery rate on the basis of ensuring that tailings and concentrates both reach the standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral sorting and processing technology, and in particular to a circulating fluidized bed flotation device and method suitable for the recovery of coarse particles. Background Technology

[0002] Flotation is one of the most effective methods for mineral separation and recovery. It is an interfacial separation technology based on the difference in hydrophobicity of particle surfaces, using air bubbles as the flotation carrier to selectively recover valuable mineral particles. To achieve selective recovery in flotation, it is essential to ensure that the valuable components in the ore are fully liberated. However, since the target components often exist in the form of fine particles in the ore, traditional flotation processes can often only liberate them to a product particle size of tens of micrometers. This limitation leads to high energy consumption in the ore liberation and grinding process, and excessive fine gangue particles can result in fine mud inclusions in the flotation concentrate, thereby reducing flotation efficiency.

[0003] Coarse-grained fluidized bed flotation is an effective method to solve the problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency in traditional flotation processes. This technology introduces an upward flow into traditional flotation, creating a low-turbulence flow field environment suitable for processing coarse particles, effectively expanding the upper limit of floatable particles and becoming an effective means of achieving the flotation recovery of millimeter-sized particles. However, existing equipment suffers from low coarse-grained flotation recovery rates and poor separation accuracy, failing to meet the needs of mineral sorting and processing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a circulating fluidized bed flotation device and method suitable for coarse particle recovery, especially for gravity-flotation coupling, to solve the problems of low coarse particle flotation recovery rate and poor separation accuracy in existing equipment.

[0005] On one hand, the present invention provides a circulating fluidized bed flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery, comprising a first-stage fluidized bed flotation column, a second-stage fluidized bed flotation column, and a hydrocyclone, wherein the first-stage fluidized bed flotation column and the second-stage fluidized bed flotation column are connected through the hydrocyclone.

[0006] Furthermore, the fluidized bed flotation column includes a first column and a first slurry distribution ring, the first slurry distribution ring being sleeved on the upper part of the first column and communicating with the inner cavity of the first column.

[0007] Furthermore, the two-stage fluidized bed flotation column includes a second column and a second slurry distribution ring, the second slurry distribution ring being sleeved on the lower part of the second column and communicating with the inner cavity of the second column.

[0008] Furthermore, the hydrocyclone connects the upper end of the first column to the second slurry distribution ring.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a water storage tank, a first water delivery pipeline, and a second water delivery pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, one end of the first top water delivery pipeline is connected to the water storage tank, and the other end is connected to the first fluidized bed flotation column; one end of the second top water delivery pipeline is connected to the water storage tank, and the other end is connected to the second fluidized bed flotation column.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a gas storage tank, a first gas delivery pipeline, and a second gas delivery pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the first gas delivery pipeline is connected to the gas storage tank, and the other end is connected to the first fluidized bed flotation column; one end of the second gas delivery pipeline is connected to the gas storage tank, and the other end is connected to the second fluidized bed flotation column.

[0013] Furthermore, the overflow port of the hydrocyclone is connected to the water storage tank via a pipeline.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides a circulating fluidized bed flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery, which uses the above-mentioned circulating fluidized bed flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery for flotation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The flotation column of the present invention is a gravity-flotation coupled circulating fluidized flotation under the action of rising water flow. By using high-speed and low-speed rising water flow in combination and circulating fluidized flotation, the purpose of increasing the upper limit of flotation and increasing the separation particle size range is achieved. While ensuring that both tailings and concentrate meet the standards, the recovery rate of coarse particle flotation is improved.

[0017] (2) The flotation column of the present invention has multiple layers of staggered distribution plates, which can be freely adjusted by adjusting the number of distribution plates to achieve fluidized cleaning and scavenging times, so as to match the flotation of minerals with different particle size and density. It is suitable for flotation of different particle size ranges and different types of ores, and has the advantage of multi-purpose use.

[0018] (3) The present invention uses a hydrocyclone to concentrate the slurry in the circulating fluidized bed flotation device, which ensures that the slurry concentration in the flotation system is stable and appropriate, reduces reagent consumption, and improves selectivity.

[0019] (4) The slurry of the present invention is fed into the flotation column through the distribution ring. The confined space structure formed by the distribution ring and the column wall repeatedly changes the direction of the slurry. The slurry dissipates a lot of energy and is fed into the flotation column at a relatively low speed along the inner wall of the flotation column, which reduces the disturbance of the feed to the flow field inside the flotation column.

[0020] (5) The present invention provides a water distribution plate and an air distribution plate (i.e. a bubble generating plate) below the flotation column, which realizes the construction of a flotation environment with small fluid disturbance and sufficient microbubble content suitable for coarse flotation; avoids back mixing by high-speed rising water flow and ensures the quality of waste disposal; achieves the quality of coarse concentrate by low-speed rising water flow; and improves the "coarse run" phenomenon in flotation by circulating middlings and increasing the coarse particle recovery rate.

[0021] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circulating fluidized bed flotation device according to a specific embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material flow within a circulating fluidized bed flotation device according to a specific embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow path of the gas-water mixture within a circulating fluidized bed flotation device according to a specific embodiment.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first slurry distribution ring in a specific embodiment;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first water distribution plate and the first bubble generating plate in a specific embodiment;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second slurry distribution ring in a specific embodiment;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second water distribution plate and the second bubble generating plate in a specific embodiment.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 100 - First fluidized bed flotation column; 101 - First column; 102 - First slurry distribution ring; 103 - First distribution plate; 104 - First overflow pipe; 105 - First separation chamber; 106 - First scavenging chamber; 107 - Second scavenging chamber; 108 - Third scavenging chamber; 109 - Fourth scavenging chamber; 110 - First water distribution plate; 111 - First bubble generating plate; 112 - First tailings outlet; 113 - First annular distribution chamber; 114 - First annular baffle; 115 - First opening; 116 - First feed inlet; 117 - First water inlet; 118 - First air inlet;

[0032] 200-Second-stage fluidized bed flotation column; 201-Second column; 202-Second slurry distribution ring; 203-Second distribution plate; 204-Second overflow pipe; 205-Second separation chamber; 206-First cleaning chamber; 207-Second cleaning chamber; 208-Second water distribution plate; 209-Second bubble generating plate; 210-Second tailings outlet; 211-Second annular distribution chamber; 212-Second annular baffle; 213-Second opening; 214-Second feed inlet; 215-Second water inlet; 216-Second air inlet; 217-Concentrate collection tank; 218-Concentrate outlet;

[0033] 300-Hydrocyclone; 301-Overflow port; 302-Bottom flow port; 303-Slurry conveying pipe; 400-Water storage tank; 401-Fifth solenoid valve; 402-Water pump; 500-Air storage tank; 501-Sixth solenoid valve;

[0034] 600 - First top water delivery pipeline; 601 - First solenoid valve; 602 - First liquid flow meter; 603 - First flow regulating valve; 700 - Second top water delivery pipeline; 701 - Second solenoid valve; 702 - Second liquid flow meter; 703 - Second flow regulating valve; 800 - First gas delivery pipeline; 801 - Third solenoid valve; 802 - Third liquid flow meter; 803 - Third flow regulating valve; 900 - Second gas delivery pipeline; 901 - Fourth solenoid valve; 902 - Fourth liquid flow meter; 903 - Fourth flow regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a circulating fluidized bed flotation device (hereinafter referred to as the circulating fluidized bed flotation device) suitable for coarse particle recovery is disclosed, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a first-stage fluidized bed flotation column 100, a second-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200, and a hydrocyclone 300. The first-stage fluidized bed flotation column 100 and the second-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200 are connected by the hydrocyclone 300.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a fluidized bed flotation column 100 includes a first column 101 and a first slurry distribution ring 102. The first slurry distribution ring 102 is sleeved on the first column 101 and communicates with the inner cavity of the first column 101. The first slurry distribution ring 102 is located at the upper part of the first column 101.

[0039] A first distribution plate 103 is horizontally arranged inside the first column 101. The first distribution plate 103 is a perforated plate with a hole diameter of 1-3 mm. There are 2-5 first distribution plates 103, preferably 4. A first through hole is opened on the edge of the first distribution plate 103, and the first through hole is tangent to the edge of the first distribution plate 103. A first overflow pipe 104 is arranged in the first through hole. The upper end of the first overflow pipe 104 is higher than the top of the first distribution plate 103, and the lower end of the first overflow pipe 104 is lower than the bottom of the first distribution plate 103.

[0040] In this embodiment, multiple first distribution plates 103 are provided inside the first column 101, and a first overflow pipe 104 is provided at the edge of the first distribution plate 103. Both ends of the first overflow pipe 104 extend beyond the two sides of the first distribution plate 103, forming a barrel-shaped structure with the distribution layer, which buffers the slurry and forms a separation bed, increases the separation time of the slurry, and thus improves the separation efficiency.

[0041] Two adjacent first overflow pipes 104 are located on opposite sides of the inner cavity of the first column 101. From the longitudinal section of the first column 101, the first distribution plates 103 are staggered within the first column 101, and the first overflow pipes 104 are located between the first distribution plates 103 and the inner wall of the first column 101. It should be noted that the longitudinal section of the first column 101 refers to the section along the axis passing through the first column 101 and simultaneously passing through the diameter of the first distribution plate 103 and the first through hole.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first overflow pipes 104 are staggered on both sides of the inner cavity of the first column 101, which forces the slurry from top to bottom to be sorted in each layer, and avoids the slurry from entering the first tailings outlet 112 directly without sorting, which would cause the slurry to short-circuit.

[0043] Four first distribution plates 103 divide the inner cavity of the first column 101 from top to bottom into a first sorting chamber 105, a first scavenging chamber 106, a second scavenging chamber 107, a third scavenging chamber 108, and a fourth scavenging chamber 109. The multi-layer first distribution plates 103 divide the inner cavity of the first column 101 into multiple fluidized beds, and adjacent fluidized beds are connected by a first overflow pipe 104.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a first water distribution plate 110 and a first bubble generating plate 111 are located at the lower end of the interior of the first column 101, and the first water distribution plate 110 and the first bubble generating plate 111 are concentrically arranged with the first column 101. The first water distribution plate 110 is inclined in the inner cavity of the first column 101, that is, the first water distribution plate 110 is arranged in an inverted cone shape at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first column 101. The inclination angle of the first water distribution plate 110 is 5 to 35°, preferably 15°.

[0045] The first bubble generating plate 111 is disposed below the first water distribution plate 110. The first bubble generating plate 111 has a circular structure, with the first tailings outlet 112 passing through its center. The upper end of the first tailings outlet 112 is connected to the bottom of the first water distribution plate 110, and the lower end of the first tailings outlet 112 passes through the lower end of the first column 101. The first bubble generating plate 111 is a microporous ceramic plate with a pore size of 5-10 μm, preferably 5 μm.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, the first slurry distribution ring 102 includes a first annular distribution chamber 113 and a first annular baffle 114, which are located on the outer and inner sides of the first column 101, respectively. The longitudinal section of the first annular distribution chamber 113 is a "U"-shaped structure. The two symmetrical sidewalls of the first annular distribution chamber 113 are connected to the sidewalls of the first column 101. A first opening 115 is provided on the first column 101 between the two symmetrical sidewalls of the first annular distribution chamber 113, so that the first annular distribution chamber 113 communicates with the inner cavity of the first column 101.

[0047] The first annular baffle 114 has an L-shaped longitudinal section. The short side of the first annular baffle 114 is connected to the inner wall of the first column 101, and the connection position is located no higher than the first opening 115. The long side of the first annular baffle 114 extends upward from the short side and blocks the first opening 115 directly in front of it inside the first column 101.

[0048] In this embodiment, a first annular baffle 114 is provided on the inner side of the first column 101. The first annular baffle 114 blocks the front of the first opening 115, so that the slurry in the first annular distribution chamber 113 will not flow directly into the first column 101 from the first opening 115, but will flow upward after passing through the first opening 115 and flow into the first column 101 from the gap between the long side end of the first annular baffle 114 and the inner wall of the first column 101. The first annular baffle 114 is used to consume part of the energy of the slurry, so as to avoid the slurry in the first annular distribution chamber 113 from directly flowing into the first column 101 and disturbing the steady-state sorting environment in the first column 101, thereby affecting the sorting effect.

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first slurry distribution ring 102 is also provided with a first feed inlet 116, which is connected to the first annular distribution chamber 113. A first water inlet 117 and a first air inlet 118 are also provided at the lower part of the first column 101. The first water inlet 117 is connected to the space between the first water distribution plate 110 and the first bubble generating plate 111, and the first air inlet 118 is located below the first bubble generating plate 111. The number of first water inlets 117 and first air inlets 118 is 4 to 8, preferably 4, and the 4 first water inlets 117 and 4 first air inlets 118 are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the first column 101.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the two-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200 includes a second column 201 and a second slurry distribution ring 202. The second slurry distribution ring 202 is sleeved on the second column 201 and communicates with the inner cavity of the second column 201. The second slurry distribution ring 202 is located at the lower part of the second column 201.

[0051] A second distribution plate 203 is horizontally arranged inside the second column 201. The second distribution plate 203 is a perforated plate with a hole diameter of 1-3 mm. There are 2 to 5 second distribution plates 203, preferably 2. A second through hole is opened on the edge of the second distribution plate 203, and the second through hole is tangent to the edge of the second distribution plate 203. A second overflow pipe 204 is arranged in the second through hole. The upper end of the second overflow pipe 204 is higher than the top of the second distribution plate 203, and the lower end of the second overflow pipe 204 is lower than the bottom of the second distribution plate 203.

[0052] In this embodiment, multiple layers of second distribution plates 203 are provided inside the second column 201, and a second overflow pipe 204 is provided at the edge of the second distribution plate 203. Both ends of the second overflow pipe 204 extend beyond the two sides of the second distribution plate 203, forming a barrel-shaped structure with the distribution layer, which buffers the slurry and forms a separation bed, increases the separation time of the slurry, and thus improves the separation efficiency.

[0053] Two adjacent second overflow pipes 204 are located on opposite sides of the inner cavity of the second column 201. From the longitudinal section of the second column 201, the second distribution plates 203 are staggered within the second column 201, and the second overflow pipes 204 are located between the second distribution plates 203 and the inner wall of the second column 201. It should be noted that the longitudinal section of the second column 201 refers to the section along the axis passing through the second column 201 and simultaneously passing through the diameter of the second distribution plates 203 and the through-hole.

[0054] In this embodiment, the second overflow pipes 204 are staggered on both sides of the inner cavity of the second column 201, which forces the slurry from top to bottom to be sorted in each layer, and avoids the slurry from entering the second tailings outlet 210 directly without sorting, which would cause the slurry to short-circuit.

[0055] Two second distribution plates 203 divide the inner cavity of the second column 201 from bottom to top into a second sorting chamber 205, a first fine-selection chamber 206, and a second fine-selection chamber 207. Multiple layers of second distribution plates 203 divide the inner cavity of the second column 201 into multiple fluidized beds, and adjacent fluidized beds are connected by a second overflow pipe 204.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, a second water distribution plate 208 and a second bubble generating plate 209 are located at the lower end of the interior of the second column 201. The second water distribution plate 208 and the second bubble generator 209 are concentrically arranged with the second column 201. The second water distribution plate 208 is inclined within the inner cavity of the second column 201, that is, the second water distribution plate 208 is arranged in an inverted cone shape at the bottom of the inner cavity of the second column 201. The inclination angle of the second water distribution plate 208 is 5 to 35°, preferably 15°.

[0057] The second bubble generating plate 209 is located below the second water distribution plate 208. The second bubble generating plate 209 has a circular structure, with the second tailings outlet 210 passing through its center. The upper end of the second tailings outlet 210 connects to the bottom of the second water distribution plate 208, and the lower end of the second tailings outlet 210 passes through the lower end of the second column 201. The second bubble generating plate 209 is a microporous ceramic plate with a pore size of 5–10 μm, preferably 5 μm.

[0058] like Figure 6As shown, the second slurry distribution ring 202 includes a second annular distribution chamber 211 and a second annular baffle 212, which are located on the outer and inner sides of the second column 201, respectively. The longitudinal section of the second annular distribution chamber 211 is a "U"-shaped structure. The two symmetrical sidewalls of the second annular distribution chamber 211 are connected to the sidewalls of the second column 201. A second opening 213 is provided on the second column 201 between the two symmetrical sidewalls of the second annular distribution chamber 211, so that the second annular distribution chamber 211 communicates with the inner cavity of the second column 201.

[0059] The longitudinal section of the second annular baffle 212 is L-shaped. The short side of the second annular baffle 212 is connected to the inner wall of the second column 201, and the connection position is located no higher than the second opening 213. The long side of the second annular baffle 212 extends upward from the short side and blocks the front of the second opening 213 inside the second column 201.

[0060] In this embodiment, a second annular baffle 212 is provided on the inner side of the second column 201. The second annular baffle 212 blocks the front of the second opening 213, so that the slurry in the second annular distribution chamber 211 will not flow directly into the second column 201 from the second opening 213, but will flow upward through the second opening 213 and flow into the second column 201 from the gap between the long side end of the second annular baffle 212 and the inner wall of the second column 201. The second annular baffle 212 is used to consume part of the energy of the slurry, so as to avoid the slurry in the second annular distribution chamber 211 from directly flowing into the second column 201 and disturbing the steady-state sorting environment in the second column 201, thereby affecting the sorting effect.

[0061] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the second slurry distribution ring 202 is also provided with a second feed inlet 214, which is connected to the second annular distribution chamber 211. A second water inlet 215 and a second air inlet 216 are also provided at the lower part of the second column 201. The second water inlet 215 is connected to the space between the second water distribution plate 208 and the second bubble generating plate 209, and the second air inlet 216 is located below the second bubble generating plate 209. The number of second water inlets 215 and second air inlets 216 is 4 to 8, preferably 4, and the 4 second water inlets 215 and 4 second air inlets 216 are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the second column 201.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, a concentrate collection tank 217 is connected to the upper end of the second column 201. The concentrate collection tank 217 surrounds the second column 201 and has a concentrate outlet 218. A water spraying device is also provided on the top of the second column 201.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydrocyclone 300 has an overflow port 301 at the top and an underflow port 302 at the bottom. The upper end of the first column 101 is tangentially connected to the hydrocyclone 300 through a pipeline. The underflow port 302 of the hydrocyclone 300 is connected to the second slurry distribution ring 202 through a slurry conveying pipe 303. The slurry conveying pipe 303 is specifically connected to the second feed port 214.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the circulating fluidized bed flotation device also includes a water storage tank 400, a gas storage tank 500, a first top water delivery pipeline 600, a second top water delivery pipeline 700, a first gas delivery pipeline 800, and a second gas delivery pipeline 900. One end of the first top water delivery pipeline 600 is connected to the water storage tank 400, and the other end is connected to the first water inlet 117. One end of the second top water delivery pipeline 700 is connected to the water storage tank 400, and the other end is connected to the second water inlet 215. One end of the first gas delivery pipeline 800 is connected to the gas storage tank 500, and the other end is connected to the first air inlet 118. One end of the second gas delivery pipeline 900 is connected to the gas storage tank 500, and the other end is connected to the second air inlet 216.

[0065] The first top water delivery pipeline 600 is equipped with a first solenoid valve 601, a first liquid flow meter 602, and a first flow regulating valve 603, which are arranged sequentially from the water storage tank 400 toward the first water inlet 117. The second top water delivery pipeline 700 is equipped with a second solenoid valve 701, a second liquid flow meter 702, and a second flow regulating valve 703, which are arranged sequentially from the water storage tank 400 toward the second water inlet 215.

[0066] In this embodiment, by providing solenoid valves, liquid flow meters, and flow regulating valves on the first top water delivery pipeline 600 and the second top water delivery pipeline 700, the delivery volume, delivery speed, and whether to deliver the top water can be controlled to meet the top water requirements of the first-stage fluidized bed flotation column 100 and the second-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200.

[0067] The first gas delivery pipeline 800 is equipped with a third solenoid valve 801, a third liquid flow meter 802, and a third flow regulating valve 803, which are arranged sequentially from the gas storage tank 500 toward the first gas inlet 118. The second gas delivery pipeline 900 is equipped with a fourth solenoid valve 901, a fourth liquid flow meter 902, and a fourth flow regulating valve 903, which are arranged sequentially from the gas storage tank 500 toward the second gas inlet 216.

[0068] In this embodiment, by providing solenoid valves, liquid flow meters, and flow regulating valves on the first gas delivery pipeline 800 and the second gas delivery pipeline 900, the gas delivery volume, delivery speed, and whether delivery is performed can be controlled to meet the gas requirements of the first-stage fluidized bed flotation column 100 and the second-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200.

[0069] To facilitate simultaneous control of the opening and closing of the first and second water delivery pipelines 600 and 700, both pipelines pass through a fifth solenoid valve 401 before connecting to the water storage tank 400. Similarly, to facilitate simultaneous control of the opening and closing of the first gas delivery pipeline 800 and 900, both pipelines pass through a sixth solenoid valve 501 before connecting to the gas storage tank 500.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, the overflow port 301 of the hydrocyclone 300 is connected to the water storage tank 400 through a pipeline, and a water pump 402 is installed in the pipeline. The second tailings outlet 210 is connected to the first feed inlet 116 through a pipeline (not shown in the figure).

[0071] Example 2

[0072] Another specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, a circulating fluidized bed flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery is disclosed, using the circulating fluidized bed flotation apparatus for coarse particle recovery described in Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: Water storage tank 400 injects top water containing frother into the gas-water mixing chamber of the first-stage fluidized bed flotation column 100 at a high water velocity (3-6 cm / s), while air storage tank 500 injects air into the high-pressure air chamber of the first-stage fluidized bed flotation column 100 at a high gas velocity (0.3-0.5 L / min).

[0074] Specifically, the top water in the water storage tank 400 enters the gas-water mixing chamber at the bottom of the fluidized bed flotation column 100 via the first top water delivery pipeline 600 and the first inlet 117. Air from the gas storage tank 500 enters the high-pressure gas chamber at the bottom of the fluidized bed flotation column 100 via the first gas delivery pipeline 800 and the first inlet 118. The velocity and flow rate of the top water, as well as the velocity and flow rate of the gas, are controlled by the first flow regulating valve 603 and the second flow regulating valve 703.

[0075] It should be noted that the gas-water mixing chamber of a fluidized bed flotation column 100 refers to the space between the first water distribution plate 110, the first bubble generating plate 111 and the inner wall of the first column 101, and the high-pressure gas chamber of a fluidized bed flotation column 100 refers to the space between the first bubble generating plate 111, the first tailings outlet 112 and the inner wall of the first column 101.

[0076] Step 2: After the fluidized bed flotation column 100 is filled with the gas-water mixture, the gas-water mixture is fed in tangentially along the hydrocyclone 300 and forms a vortex in the hydrocyclone 300.

[0077] In this embodiment, a hydrocyclone is used to concentrate the slurry in the circulating fluidized bed flotation device, which ensures a stable and appropriate slurry concentration in the flotation system, reduces reagent consumption, and improves selectivity.

[0078] Step 3: Water storage tank 400 injects top water containing frother into the gas-water mixing chamber of the second-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200 at a low water velocity (1-3 cm / s), while air storage tank 500 injects air into the high-pressure air chamber of the second-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200 at a low air velocity (0.1-0.3 L / min).

[0079] Specifically, the top water in the water storage tank 400 enters the gas-water mixing chamber at the bottom of the second-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200 via the second top water delivery pipeline 700 and the second inlet 215. Air from the gas storage tank 500 enters the high-pressure gas chamber at the bottom of the second-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200 via the second gas delivery pipeline 900 and the second inlet 216. The velocity and flow rate of the top water, as well as the velocity and flow rate of the gas, are controlled by the third flow regulating valve 803 and the fourth flow regulating valve 903.

[0080] It should be noted that the gas-water mixing chamber of the two-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200 refers to the space between the second water distribution plate 208, the second bubble generating plate 209 and the inner wall of the second column 201, and the high-pressure gas chamber of the two-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200 refers to the space between the second bubble generating plate 209, the second tailings outlet 210 and the inner wall of the second column 201.

[0081] Step 4: When the gas-water mixture fills 2 / 3 of the second-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200, feed the slurry into the first-stage fluidized bed flotation column 100 for circulating fluidized bed separation.

[0082] Specifically, water and air are introduced through the first water distribution plate 110 and the first bubble generating plate 111 to form a flotation flow field environment with small fluid disturbance and sufficient microbubble content in the first column 101.

[0083] Coarse-grained minerals and water are mixed into a uniform slurry, which is then pumped into the first slurry distribution ring 102. The slurry undergoes multiple reversals within the confined space structure formed by the first slurry distribution ring 102 and the wall of the first column 101, resulting in significant energy dissipation. The slurry is then fed into the first column 101 at a lower speed along the inner wall of the first column 101, reducing the disturbance of the flow field within the first column 101 caused by the feed material.

[0084] Step 5: The slurry is scavenged multiple times in a fluidized flotation column 100 to form a rough concentrate, which is then discarded.

[0085] Specifically, in a fluidized bed flotation column 100, coarse particles in the slurry in the first separation chamber 105 collide with rising air bubbles, and hydrophobic particles adhere to the air bubbles, forming particle-air bubble agglomerates. Under the combined action of air bubble buoyancy and rising water flow, the particle-air bubble agglomerates float to the surface, and some hydrophilic minerals also float to the surface under the action of rising water flow, becoming rough concentrate. Unmineralized hydrophilic particles and some hydrophobic minerals sink from top to bottom through the pores of the first distribution plate 103 and the first overflow pipe 104 under the action of gravity to the first scavenging chamber 106 for a second separation. Hydrophobic particles adhere to the air bubbles, forming particle-air bubble agglomerates again. Under the combined action of air bubble buoyancy and rising water flow, the particle-air bubble agglomerates float to the surface, pass through the first distribution plate 103, enter the first separation chamber 105, and finally form rough concentrate. At this time, the unmineralized material sinks again to the second scavenging chamber 107 for a third separation. By analogy, after multiple scavenging processes, the high-density hydrophilic particles settle to the bottom of the first column 101 and are discharged from the first tailings outlet 112, thus achieving the pre-removal of high-density gangue.

[0086] Step 6: The crude concentrate is fed into the hydrocyclone 300 for concentration, and the concentrated crude concentrate is fed into the secondary fluidized bed flotation column 200.

[0087] Specifically, after the crude concentrate produced by a fluidized bed flotation column 100 enters the pipeline, the velocity increases as the cross-section of the pipeline decreases relative to the cross-section of the first column 101, and the crude concentrate is fed into the hydrocyclone 300 along the tangent of the cylindrical section to form a vortex. Under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, the crude concentrate particles rotate and sink along the wall, while the gas-water mixture rotates and rises, thereby achieving the concentration of the crude concentrate.

[0088] The rising gas-water mixture is discharged from the overflow port 301 of the hydrocyclone and pumped into the water storage tank 400 for recycling via the water pump 402; the sinking concentrated crude concentrate is fed into the second slurry distribution ring 202 through the slurry conveying pipe 303. Similarly, the sinking concentrated crude concentrate is fed into the second column 201 at a lower speed along the inner wall of the second column 201 after being redirected multiple times.

[0089] Step 7: The concentrated crude concentrate is separated multiple times in a two-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200 to form a concentrate.

[0090] In the two-stage fluidized bed flotation column 200, within the second separation chamber 205, hydrophobic particle bubble agglomerates and interstitial hydrophilic particles in the concentrated rough concentrate float upwards through the pores of the second distribution plate 203 under the action of rising water flow and buoyancy, reaching the first cleaning chamber 206 for secondary separation. Interstitial hydrophilic particles and some hydrophobic particles detached from the bubbles settle and are discharged from the second tailings outlet 210, then transported via pipeline to the first-stage fluidized bed flotation column 100 for further separation. In the material entering the first cleaning chamber 206, hydrophobic particles adhere to the bubbles, forming particle bubble agglomerates again. Under the combined action of bubble buoyancy and rising water flow, these agglomerates float upwards through the second distribution plate 203 into the second cleaning chamber 207 for a third separation, ultimately forming concentrate that floats into the froth zone, forming the froth product, i.e., concentrate, which is finally discharged from the concentrate outlet 218 at the top of the second column 201. At this point, the medium-hydrophobic particles that have not yet been mineralized sink from top to bottom through the pores of the second distribution plate 203 and the second overflow pipe 204 under the action of gravity, and are discharged from the second tailings outlet 210. They are then transported through pipelines to a fluidized bed flotation column 100 for further separation, thereby ensuring the quantity and quality of coarse particles.

[0091] In this embodiment, high-speed upward water flow avoids back mixing and ensures the quality of waste disposal; low-speed upward water flow ensures the quality of coarse concentrate; and reprocessing of middlings improves the "coarse runaway" phenomenon in flotation and increases the recovery rate of coarse particles.

[0092] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circulating fluidized bed flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery, characterized in that, It consists of a first-stage fluidized bed flotation column, a second-stage fluidized bed flotation column, and a hydrocyclone. The first-stage and second-stage fluidized bed flotation columns are connected by the hydrocyclone. The first-stage fluidized bed flotation column includes a first column body and a first slurry distribution ring. The first slurry distribution ring is sleeved on the upper part of the first column body. The first column body has multiple layers of first distribution plates, which are staggered within the first column body. The edges of the first distribution plates have first through holes tangent to the edges of the first distribution plates. The first through holes have first overflow pipes, the upper end of which is higher than the top of the first distribution plates, and the lower end of which is lower than the bottom of the first distribution plates. The first slurry distribution ring includes a first annular distribution chamber and a second... A first annular baffle and a first feed inlet are provided. The first annular distribution chamber and the first annular baffle are located on the outer and inner sides of the first column, respectively. The longitudinal section of the first annular distribution chamber is a "U"-shaped structure. The two symmetrical side walls of the first annular distribution chamber are connected to the side walls of the first column. A first opening is provided on the first column between the two symmetrical side walls of the first annular distribution chamber, so that the first annular distribution chamber communicates with the inner cavity of the first column. The longitudinal section of the first annular baffle is L-shaped. The short side of the first annular baffle is connected to the inner wall of the first column, and the connection position is not higher than the first opening. The long side of the first annular baffle extends upward from the short side and blocks the first opening in front of the first opening inside the first column. The first feed inlet communicates with the first annular distribution chamber.

2. The circulating fluidized bed flotation device for coarse particle recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-stage fluidized bed flotation column includes a second column and a second slurry distribution ring. The second slurry distribution ring is sleeved on the lower part of the second column and communicates with the inner cavity of the second column.

3. The circulating fluidized bed flotation device for coarse particle recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydrocyclone connects the upper end of the first column to the second slurry distribution ring.

4. The circulating fluidized bed flotation device for coarse particle recovery according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes a water storage tank, a first water delivery pipeline, and a second water delivery pipeline.

5. The circulating fluidized bed flotation device for coarse particle recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the first top water delivery pipeline is connected to the water storage tank, and the other end is connected to the first fluidized bed flotation column. One end of the second top water delivery pipeline is connected to the water storage tank, and the other end is connected to the second fluidized bed flotation column (200).

6. The circulating fluidized bed flotation device for coarse particle recovery according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5, characterized in that, It also includes a gas storage tank, a first gas delivery pipeline, and a second gas delivery pipeline.

7. The circulating fluidized bed flotation device for coarse particle recovery according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the first gas delivery pipeline is connected to the gas storage tank, and the other end is connected to the first fluidized bed flotation column. One end of the second gas delivery pipeline is connected to the gas storage tank, and the other end is connected to the second fluidized bed flotation column.

8. The circulating fluidized bed flotation device for coarse particle recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The overflow port of the hydrocyclone is connected to the water storage tank via a pipeline.

9. A circulating fluidized bed flotation method suitable for the recovery of coarse particles, characterized in that, Flotation was performed using the circulating fluidized bed flotation apparatus for coarse particle recovery as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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