Aluminum alloy arc wallboard restraining and straightening device and straightening method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an aluminum alloy arc wall plate constraint straightening device and a straightening method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of deformation control. The application solves the problems of complex structure and cumbersome operation of the existing device for arc wall plate straightening, and the problems of high straightening difficulty and poor forming precision in the existing arc wall plate straightening process. Two outer constraint plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with two straightening base plates located at both ends of the inner arc surface of the arc wall plate, the upper part of the outer constraint plate is fixedly connected with the upper part of the corresponding straightening base plate, the lower part of the outer constraint plate is fixedly connected with the lower part of the corresponding straightening base plate, and a top structure is installed on the straightening base plate. The application has the advantages of simpler structure, more convenient straightening operation and higher straightening precision. The straightening method of the application can realize the fusion of straightening and aging strengthening processes by optimizing the straightening temperature, and realize the shape and property collaborative control of the wall plate, namely, the shape and performance collaborative control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a constraint and straightening device and method for aluminum alloy arc wall panels, belonging to the field of manufacturing deformation control technology. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloys are widely used in aerospace equipment due to their excellent mechanical properties to achieve the design goals of high strength and lightweight. Arc-shaped wall panels are a key foundation for the manufacture of cylindrical modules. These components are typically manufactured using forgings as initial blanks, undergoing heat treatment to control their microstructure and properties, machining stiffeners, and then forming them into arc-shaped wall panels through room temperature bending. Because arc-shaped wall panels have discontinuous stiffness and uneven thickness, cold forming technology often faces problems such as insufficient forming accuracy and inconsistent radii of curvature. These inconsistent radii of curvature often prevent the arc-shaped wall panels from being assembled.

[0003] In recent years, with the increase in rib height and panel specifications, the problem of insufficient forming accuracy of arc-shaped panels has become increasingly prominent, severely restricting the manufacturing of cylindrical modules for aerospace equipment. Extensive trial production has shown that the problem of insufficient forming accuracy of high-rib arc-shaped panels cannot be solved solely through bending process design. Introducing appropriate constraints for shape correction during subsequent heat treatment has become an inevitable path for panel forming control.

[0004] The above analysis indicates that designing appropriate constraint devices and correction processes for the shape correction of curved wall panels is crucial to the form and position control technology system for this type of component. The development of related constraint and correction technologies will help solve the problem of form and position inaccuracies in wall panel components and is expected to provide strong support for the precision manufacturing of aerospace vehicle cabin components.

[0005] Most existing devices for shaping arc-shaped panels are complex in structure and cumbersome in operation. More importantly, the existing shaping process for arc-shaped panels generally involves heat treatment first, followed by clamping and shaping. Since the strength and other properties of the arc-shaped panel change after heat treatment, the clamping force required in the subsequent shaping process is greater, increasing the difficulty of shaping and thus affecting the forming accuracy of the shaped arc-shaped panel. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provides an aluminum alloy arc wall panel constraint and straightening device and its straightening method.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0008] A constraint and alignment device for an aluminum alloy arc-shaped wall panel includes N alignment base plates arranged circumferentially along the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped wall panel and two outer constraint plates arranged at both ends of the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped wall panel, wherein N≥3, each pair of adjacent alignment base plates are fixedly connected, each alignment base plate is an arc-shaped plate structure and the radius of curvature of the outer arc surface of each alignment base plate is consistent with the design radius of the arc-shaped wall panel, the two outer constraint plates are arranged one-to-one with the two alignment base plates located at both ends of the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped wall panel, and the upper part of the outer constraint plate is fixed to the upper part of its corresponding alignment base plate and the lower part of the outer constraint plate is fixed to the lower part of its corresponding alignment base plate by a number of locking bolts, and each alignment base plate is equipped with a top alignment structure, which is used to align the inner arc of the arc-shaped wall panel.

[0009] Furthermore, when N=3, the correction substrates are the first to the third correction substrates, wherein the first correction substrate and the third correction substrate have the same structure and are located at the two ends of the arc wall plate respectively, and each pair of adjacent correction substrates are fixedly connected by pressing edge.

[0010] Furthermore, side baffles are integrally fixed to the two shaping base plates located at both ends of the inner arc surface of the arc wall panel, with the arc wall panel located between the two side baffles.

[0011] Furthermore, the top-aligning structure includes a top fitting embedded in the outer arc surface of the alignment substrate and a plurality of alignment bolts threaded radially onto the alignment substrate, wherein each top fitting is arranged along the axial direction of the alignment substrate and the top tip of the alignment bolt contacts the top fitting.

[0012] Furthermore, taking the radial virtual plane containing the axial virtual line at 1 / 2 of the arc-shaped wall panel as the reference plane, several top-positive structures arranged symmetrically about the reference plane are arranged along the circumference of the arc-shaped wall panel.

[0013] Furthermore, the surface of the top fixture is covered with a silicone rubber sheath.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of top-aligning structures on each alignment substrate is two.

[0015] Furthermore, a lubricating layer is applied to the surface of the outer constraint plate that contacts the arc-shaped wall panel.

[0016] Furthermore, both the alignment base plate and the outer constraint plate have a hollow structure.

[0017] A calibration method using the above-mentioned constraint calibration device includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Assemble the various alignment base plates using connecting bolts to form the alignment body;

[0019] Step 2: Place the arc-shaped wall panel to be shaped on the outer side of the main body of the shaping body;

[0020] Step 3: Place the outer constraint plate at both ends of the outer side of the arc wall panel to be shaped, and fix the outer constraint plate to both ends of the shaping body to restrict the vertical displacement generated during the shaping process of the arc wall panel to be shaped.

[0021] Step 4: Adjust the radial position of several sets of top-alignment structures respectively, and apply load to the inner surface of the arc wall panel to be shaped until the set adjustment position of each top-alignment structure is reached;

[0022] Step 5: The combined structure formed by the arc wall panel to be shaped and the constraint shaped device after loading is directly placed into the heat treatment furnace for heat treatment.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] The arc-shaped wall panel to be shaped is sandwiched between the outer constraint plate and the shaping base plate, with several locking bolts located above and below the arc-shaped wall panel to restrict its upward and downward displacement. The distance between the outer constraint plate and the shaping base plate can be adjusted using the locking bolts to accommodate arc-shaped wall panels of different thicknesses.

[0025] In this invention, by setting a top-alignment structure, the amount of bending at each position in the circumference of the arc-shaped wall panel can be accurately controlled.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the calibration device of the present invention has a simpler structure, more convenient calibration operation, and higher calibration accuracy.

[0027] The shaping method of the present invention comprehensively considers the top positive constraint and the force and heat effect during the heating shaping process, thereby achieving accurate shaping. In addition, the shaping method of the present invention, by first clamping the shaping device and then performing the heat treatment process, can achieve the integration of shaping and aging strengthening processes through the optimization of the shaping temperature, and realize the synergistic control of the shape and properties of the wall panel, that is, the synergistic control of shape and performance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the calibration device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a top view of the calibration device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the calibration device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the second alignment substrate;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the second alignment substrate;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the third alignment substrate;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the external constraint plate;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the arc-shaped wall panel to be shaped.

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 100. Arc-shaped wall panel; 1. First alignment base plate; 2. Second alignment base plate; 3. Third alignment base plate; 4. Outer constraint plate; 5. Locking bolt; 61. Top fixture; 62. Top alignment bolt; 7. Connecting bolt; 8. Side baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This description of embodiments provides a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the descriptions of "left," "right," "left side," "right side," "upper part," "lower part," "top," and "bottom" in this invention are defined based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the described structure must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0040] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] A constraint and alignment device for an aluminum alloy arc wall panel includes N alignment base plates arranged circumferentially along the inner arc surface of the arc wall panel 100 and two outer constraint plates 4 arranged at both ends of the outer arc surface of the arc wall panel 100, wherein N≥3, each pair of adjacent alignment base plates are fixedly connected, each alignment base plate is an arc plate structure and the radius of curvature of the outer arc surface of each alignment base plate is consistent with the design radius of the arc wall panel 100, the two outer constraint plates 4 are arranged one-to-one with the two alignment base plates located at both ends of the inner arc surface of the arc wall panel 100, and the upper part of the outer constraint plate 4 is fixed to the upper part of its corresponding alignment base plate and the lower part of the outer constraint plate 4 is fixed to the lower part of its corresponding alignment base plate by a number of locking bolts 5, and a top alignment structure is installed on each alignment base plate to align the inner arc of the arc wall panel 100.

[0042] Each calibration base plate is a circular arc rigid body structure, made of high-temperature resistant H13 mold steel.

[0043] Each pair of adjacent shaping base plates is fixedly connected by connecting bolts 7, realizing the interlocking of multiple rigid bodies to meet the shaping requirements of ultra-large wall panels. Several connecting bolts 7 are arranged along the axial direction of the shaping base plates.

[0044] Based on the dimensions of the arc-shaped wall panel 100 to be calibrated, select an appropriate number of calibration substrates to simultaneously meet the requirements of manufacturability and large-scale calibration. For example, if the arc-shaped wall panel 100 to be calibrated has a 1 / 3 circumference structure, select three calibration substrates and splice them sequentially. The larger the circumferential dimension of the arc-shaped wall panel 100 to be calibrated, the more calibration substrates should be selected.

[0045] The arc-shaped wall panel 100 to be shaped is sandwiched between the outer constraint plate 4 and the shaping substrate, with several locking bolts 5 located above and below the arc-shaped wall panel 100 to restrict its upward and downward displacement. The distance between the outer constraint plate 4 and the shaping substrate can be adjusted by the locking bolts 5 to accommodate arc-shaped wall panels 100 of different thicknesses. The radial positions of the locking bolts 5 and the top alignment structure are selected based on the shaping process simulation.

[0046] The outer constraint plate 4 is a short circular arc structure with a smooth lower surface. When the radius of curvature of the circular arc wall panel 100 is too large and the two ends warp, the outer constraint plate 4 can limit the warping at both ends.

[0047] The first and Nth alignment substrates are located at the two ends of the arc wall panel 100, respectively, and the remaining alignment substrates are circumferentially fitted and fixed between the first and Nth alignment substrates along the inner arc surface of the arc wall panel 100 to be aligned.

[0048] In this invention, by setting a top-alignment structure, the bending amount at each position in the 100-degree circumference of the arc-shaped wall panel can be accurately controlled.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the calibration device of the present invention has a simpler structure, more convenient calibration operation, and higher calibration accuracy.

[0050] When N=3, the alignment substrates are the first to the third alignment substrates, where the first alignment substrate 1 and the third alignment substrate 3 have the same structure and are located at both ends of the arc-shaped wall panel 100, respectively. Each pair of adjacent alignment substrates is fixedly connected by a pressing edge. In this design, the two radial ends of the second alignment substrate 2 are respectively machined with outer edges along their axial direction. These outer edges are radially pressed against and fixed to the adjacent first alignment substrate 1 or third alignment substrate 3, and are fixed by several connecting bolts 7. The shoulders of the outer edges serve to circumferentially limit the first alignment substrate 1 or second alignment substrate 2 that are connected to them. By using a pressing edge connection, the assembly of several alignment substrates is facilitated, and the connection stability between the rigidly connected alignment substrates is further improved. When N>3, the pressing edge connection structure between each pair of adjacent alignment substrates can be the same or different.

[0051] Side baffles 8 are integrally fixed to two straightening base plates located at both ends of the inner arc surface of the arc wall panel 100, with the arc wall panel 100 positioned between the two side baffles 8. This design, by setting two side baffles 8, restricts the circumferential displacement of the arc wall panel 100, preventing the straightening accuracy from being affected by the circumferential position deviation of the arc wall panel 100 during the straightening process.

[0052] The alignment structure includes an aligner 61 embedded in the outer arc surface of the alignment substrate and a plurality of alignment bolts 62 threaded radially onto the alignment substrate. Each aligner 61 is arranged along the axial direction of the alignment substrate, and the tip of each alignment bolt 62 contacts the aligner 61. This design allows the aligner 61 to be loaded by screwing in the alignment bolts 62, thereby aligning the inner arc of the arc-shaped wall panel 100. Each alignment bolt 62 can be screwed in independently.

[0053] Using the radial virtual plane containing the axial virtual line at 1 / 2 of the arc-shaped wall panel 100 as the reference plane, several top-mounted structures arranged symmetrically about the reference plane are arranged along the circumference of the arc-shaped wall panel 100. This design ensures that the arc-shaped wall panel 100 is subjected to uniform stress.

[0054] The surface of the top fixture 61 is covered with a silicone rubber sleeve. This design prevents hard damage to the inner arc surface of the curved wall panel 100 during the alignment process.

[0055] Each alignment substrate has two top alignment structures. With this design, there are a total of six top alignment structures. Taking the direction in the figure as an example, the first top alignment structure on the left is symmetrically arranged with the first top alignment structure on the right, the second top alignment structure on the left is symmetrically arranged with the second top alignment structure on the right, and the third top alignment structure on the left is symmetrically arranged with the third top alignment structure on the right.

[0056] A lubricating layer is applied to the surface of the outer constraint plate 4 that contacts the arc-shaped wall plate 100. This lubricating layer is essentially a layer of grease, designed to reduce friction between the arc-shaped wall plate 100 and the outer constraint plate 4.

[0057] Both the alignment base plate and the outer constraint plate 4 have a hollow structure. This design effectively reduces the overall weight of the alignment device.

[0058] A calibration method using the above-mentioned constraint calibration device includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Assemble the various alignment base plates using connecting bolts 7 to form the alignment body;

[0060] Step 2: Place the arc-shaped wall panel 100 to be shaped on the outer side of the main body of the shaping body;

[0061] Step 3: Place the outer constraint plate 4 at both ends of the outer side of the arc wall panel 100 to be shaped, and fix the outer constraint plate 4 to both ends of the shaping body to restrict the vertical displacement of the arc wall panel 100 to be shaped during the shaping process.

[0062] Step 4: Adjust the radial position of several sets of top-alignment structures respectively, and apply load to the inner surface of the arc wall panel 100 to be shaped until the set adjustment position of each top-alignment structure is reached;

[0063] Step 5: The combined structure formed by the loaded arc wall panel 100 to be shaped and the constraint shaping device is directly placed into the heat treatment furnace for heat treatment.

[0064] With this design, the shaping method of the present invention comprehensively considers the top positive constraint and the force and heat effect during the heating shaping process, thereby achieving precise shaping. In addition, the shaping method of the present invention, by first clamping the shaping device and then performing the heat treatment process, can achieve the integration of shaping and aging strengthening processes through the optimization of the shaping temperature, thereby achieving the synergistic control of the shape and properties of the wall panel, that is, the synergistic control of shape and performance.

[0065] For example, the correction of a 1 / 3 circular arc high-ribbed wall panel with a design diameter of 1200mm will be used as an example for explanation; Figure 8 The diagram shows a high-ribbed circular arc wall panel 100, which is made of 2219 aluminum alloy. The thickness at the flange position is 55mm, the height of the wall panel base plate is 25mm, and the thickness of the wall panel skin is 5mm.

[0066] (1) A 1 / 3 circumferential rigid body structure with a diameter of φ1200 is used to manufacture the shape correction base plate, and the material is H13 steel;

[0067] (2) Add an outer constraint plate 4 of 1 / 3 of the arc length of the wall plate to the outer side of both ends of the shaping base plate to significantly reduce the upward displacement of the arc wall plate 100 blank during the shaping process. The material is H13 steel.

[0068] (3) Radial top straightening structures are set at 6 different circumferential positions on the 1 / 3 arc wall panel 100. The top straightening structure is a combination of top straightening bolt 62 and top tool 61. Each top straightening structure can be loaded by thread. The top straightening bolt 62 is a 40Cr high-strength bolt, and the surface of the top tool 61 is covered with a silicone rubber sleeve.

[0069] (4) The arc wall panel 100 to be shaped is placed on the outer side of the shaping substrate, and the outer constraint plate 4 is fixed to both ends of the shaping body to limit the vertical displacement of the arc wall panel 100 to be shaped during the shaping process.

[0070] (5) Obtain the creep constitutive relationship, thermal parameters and heat transfer coefficient of the arc wall panel 100 material. The specific acquisition method is the existing technology and will not be described here. Based on the measured creep constitutive relationship and thermal parameters, the component is simulated in the constraint-heat treatment process of "elastic deformation-creep deformation-springback". The target parameter is the best fit. The main parameters are determined as follows: ① The gap between the outer constraint plate and the correction base is set to 25mm; ② Taking the direction in the figure as an example, the first top-aligning structure on the left and the first top-aligning structure on the right are aligned and rotated inward by 18mm, the second top-aligning structure on the left and the second top-aligning structure on the right are aligned and rotated inward by 4mm, and the third top-aligning structure on the left and the third top-aligning structure on the right are aligned and rotated inward by 62mm; ③ The temperature is raised to 160℃ at 40℃ / hour and then kept at that temperature for 11 hours.

[0071] Typical trial calculation results are shown in the table below:

[0072]

[0073] Table 1 - Typical Results of Trial Calculations for Shaping Process

[0074] (6) Based on the calculation, rotate the six sets of top bolts 62 respectively to load the inner surface of the arc wall plate 100 until the arc wall plate 100 reaches the set shape;

[0075] (7) After loading, the arc wall panel 100+ constraint correction device assembly is directly placed into the heat treatment furnace for treatment at a temperature of 160℃, and then kept at that temperature for 11 hours.

[0076] (8) After the insulation is completed, release the constraints of the top straightening structure, remove the outer constraints, remove the formed wall panel, and complete the shaping and heat treatment process.

[0077] The selection of top straightening bending amount, temperature, and time is achieved through trial calculations and pattern analysis of multiple sets of top straightening structural strokes and temperatures;

[0078] The constraint correction process was determined based on system trial calculations, with key parameters including the stroke of each group of top-alignment structures, correction temperature, and heat preservation time.

[0079] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A constraint and alignment device for an aluminum alloy circular arc wall panel, characterized in that: The system includes N alignment base plates arranged circumferentially along the inner arc surface of the arc wall panel (100) and two external constraint plates (4) arranged at both ends of the outer arc surface of the arc wall panel (100), wherein N≥3, and each pair of adjacent alignment base plates are fixedly connected. Each alignment base plate is an arc-shaped plate structure and the radius of curvature of the outer arc surface of each alignment base plate is consistent with the design radius of the arc wall panel (100). The two external constraint plates (4) are arranged one-to-one with the two alignment base plates located at both ends of the inner arc surface of the arc wall panel (100), and the upper part of the external constraint plate (4) is connected to the upper part of its corresponding alignment base plate, and the lower part of the external constraint plate (4) is connected to its corresponding alignment base plate. The lower parts are fixed together by several locking bolts (5). Each correction base plate is equipped with a top straightening structure, which straightens the inner arc of the arc wall plate (100). The top straightening structure includes a top tool (61) embedded in the outer arc surface of the correction base plate and several top straightening bolts (62) threaded radially onto the correction base plate. Each top tool (61) is arranged along the axial direction of the correction base plate and the top end of the top straightening bolt (62) contacts the top tool (61). According to the size of the arc wall plate (100) to be corrected, a suitable number of correction base plates are selected. The larger the circumferential dimension of the arc wall plate (100) to be corrected, the more correction base plates are selected. The correction method includes the following steps: Step 1: Assemble each alignment base plate using connecting bolts (7) to form the alignment body; Step 2: Place the arc-shaped wall panel (100) to be shaped on the outer side of the main body of the shaping body; Step 3: Place the outer constraint plate (4) at both ends of the outer side of the arc wall panel (100) to be shaped, and fix the outer constraint plate (4) to both ends of the shaping body to limit the vertical displacement generated during the shaping process of the arc wall panel (100); Step 4: Adjust the radial position of several sets of top-alignment structures respectively, and apply load to the inner surface of the arc wall panel (100) to be shaped until the set adjustment position of each top-alignment structure is reached; Step 5: The combined structure formed by the loaded arc wall panel (100) and the constraint straightening device is directly placed into the heat treatment furnace for heat treatment.

2. The aluminum alloy arc-shaped wall panel constraint and alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When N=3, the correction substrates are the first to the third correction substrates, wherein the first correction substrate (1) and the third correction substrate (3) have the same structure and are located at the two ends of the arc wall plate (100), and each pair of adjacent correction substrates are fixedly connected by pressing edge.

3. The aluminum alloy arc-shaped wall panel constraint and alignment device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Side baffles (8) are integrally fixed on the two straightening base plates located at both ends of the inner arc surface of the arc wall plate (100), and the arc wall plate (100) is located between the two side baffles (8).

4. The aluminum alloy arc wall panel constraint and shaping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: With the radial virtual plane containing the axial virtual line at 1 / 2 of the arc wall panel (100) as the reference plane, several top positive structures arranged symmetrically about the reference plane are arranged along the circumference of the arc wall panel (100).

5. The aluminum alloy arc-shaped wall panel constraint and alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of top-aligning structures on each alignment substrate is two.

6. The aluminum alloy arc-shaped wall panel constraint and alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the top fixture (61) is covered with a silicone rubber sleeve.

7. The aluminum alloy arc wall panel constraint and shaping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the outer constraint plate (4) that contacts the arc wall plate (100) is coated with a lubricating layer.

8. The aluminum alloy arc wall panel constraint and shaping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alignment base plate and the outer constraint plate (4) are both hollow structures.

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