A concrete lining shield tunnel without a steel plate bracket and a tunnel lining method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of concrete lining shield tunnel of no bracket steel plate and tunnel lining method, tunnel includes tunnel segment, steel plate, concrete, two baffle, first fastener and second fastener, make full use of the steel plate with recess in reinforcing structure directly as pouring formwork, avoid erecting and removing formwork in construction process;By using baffle to seal edge of steel plate, and connect with track bed, avoid setting steel bracket, effectively improve the strength and rigidity of the part of connection with track bed;Also make full use of the advantages of high concrete strength, stiffness, durability, strong interface adhesion, low permeability, good fire resistance;Compared with other shield tunnel structure reinforcement technology, it has whole ring section and local position reinforcement, increases lining structure strength and rigidity while effectively controlling crack, construction is quick, labor cost is low, material is convenient, with broad application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shield tunnel technology, specifically relating to a concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates and a tunnel lining method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the development and utilization of underground space has increasingly become the primary choice for many large cities to solve traffic problems. Over time, some shield tunnels have been in operation for decades, and their structural performance gradually deteriorates during long-term service. Due to factors such as surrounding construction projects and the humid environment inside the tunnels, structural defects such as deformation, misalignment, water leakage, cracks, and concrete spalling have appeared. Some newly built tunnels have also developed similar defects due to design flaws and uncertainties in construction conditions. These defects affect the normal operation of the tunnels and even their structural safety.

[0003] Currently, for severely damaged shield tunnel lining structures, reinforcement is often used to improve the tunnel's load-bearing performance. This primarily includes enhancing structural load-bearing capacity, controlling structural deformation, controlling crack development, and preventing seepage and leakage, while also considering fire resistance, durability, and avoiding brittle failure modes in the reinforced structure. Existing reinforcement methods mainly involve steel plate reinforcement. Steel plate reinforcement effectively improves structural stiffness and helps control structural deformation; however, construction requires specialized lifting equipment, resulting in low construction efficiency, numerous welds, difficulty in ensuring welding quality, and the steel structure's susceptibility to corrosion and high-temperature softening. Furthermore, traditional steel plate reinforcement requires the installation of steel brackets, which is detrimental to the overall coordinated deformation between the steel plate and the tunnel segments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates and a tunnel lining method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates, comprising:

[0007] Tunnel segments are arranged in a ring;

[0008] The steel plate is fan-shaped and is installed on the inner ring surface of the tunnel segment. The steel plate has grooves arranged along the circumferential direction, which are located between the steel plate and the tunnel segment. The steel plate has a pouring port that communicates with the grooves.

[0009] Concrete, filling the groove;

[0010] Two baffles are fixedly installed at both ends of the steel plate to seal the two ends of the groove;

[0011] The first fastener connects the baffle and the steel plate;

[0012] The second fastener connects the tunnel segments and the steel plate.

[0013] Optionally, the steel plate includes a bottom plate, two web plates and two wing plates. The two web plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the steel plate, and a groove is formed between the two web plates and the steel plate. The two wing plates are connected to the outer sides of the two web plates, and the wing plates are connected to the tunnel segments by a second fastener.

[0014] Optionally, the baffle is L-shaped, with one support plate of the baffle connected to the base plate by a first fastener; the other support plate of the baffle closes the end of the groove.

[0015] Optionally, both the first and second fasteners can be chemical anchors.

[0016] Optionally, the tunnel segment has several implantation holes, the depth of which is one-third to one-half the thickness of the tunnel segment; each implantation hole is fixed with a reinforcing bar, the reinforcing bar having a bent end, the bent end of which is located inside the concrete.

[0017] Optionally, the bent ends of each reinforcing bar located inside the concrete are arranged circumferentially along the tunnel segment.

[0018] Optionally, the tunnel also includes a number of studs, which are fixedly installed on the inner surface of the groove formed by the steel plate, and are arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial and circumferential directions of the tunnel segment on the steel plate, and are embedded in the concrete.

[0019] Optionally, the gaps between the baffle and the steel plate, as well as the gaps between the tunnel segments and the steel plate, are sealed with elastic epoxy putty.

[0020] One technical solution adopted in this invention is: a method for lining a concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates, used to form a concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Roughen the inner surface of the tunnel segments;

[0022] Drill holes in the inner surface of the tunnel segments and insert reinforcing bars;

[0023] Grooves are formed on the surface of the steel plate and studs are welded in.

[0024] Steel plates were erected and fixed to the tunnel segments using chemical anchors;

[0025] Secure the end of the steel plate with chemical anchors to form a baffle and seal the edges;

[0026] Concrete is poured into the groove using a pump to form a tunnel.

[0027] Optionally, concrete is made from cement, silica fume, quartz powder, quartz sand, steel fibers, water-reducing agent and water.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] This invention proposes a concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates and a tunnel lining method. It fully utilizes the grooved steel plates in the reinforcement structure as direct casting templates, avoiding the erection and dismantling of templates during construction. By using baffles to seal the edges of the steel plates and connecting them to the track bed, the need for steel corbels is eliminated, effectively improving the strength and rigidity of the connection points with the track bed. It also fully leverages the advantages of concrete: high strength, high rigidity, good durability, strong interfacial adhesion, low permeability, and good fire resistance. Compared to other shield tunnel reinforcement technologies, this method simultaneously provides reinforcement of the entire cross-section and local locations, increasing the strength and rigidity of the lining structure while effectively controlling cracks. Furthermore, this method is quick to construct, has low labor costs, and uses readily available materials, making it a promising application. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a front view of the concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the steel plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the concrete lining shield tunnel lining method without corbel steel plates according to the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Tunnel segment; 2. Concrete; 3. Steel plate; 4. Stud; 5. Reinforcing bar; 6. Second fastener; 7. First fastener; 8. Baffle; 9. Joint; 10. Bolt handhole; 11. Track bed; 12. Pouring port; 13. Bottom plate; 14. Web plate; 15. Wing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment discloses a concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates, including tunnel segments 1, steel plates 3, concrete 2, two baffles 8, a first fastener 7, and a second fastener 6. The tunnel segments 1 are arranged in a ring shape; the steel plates 3 are fan-shaped and installed on the inner ring surface of the tunnel segments 1. Grooves are formed on the steel plates 3 along the circumferential direction, located between the steel plates 3 and the tunnel segments 1; a pouring port 12 communicating with the grooves is provided on the steel plates 3; concrete 2 fills the grooves; the two baffles 8 are respectively fixed at both ends of the steel plates 3 to seal the ends of the grooves; the first fastener 7 connects the baffles 8 and the steel plates 3; the second fastener 6 connects the tunnel segments 1 and the steel plates 3. In this embodiment, both the first fastener 7 and the second fastener 6 are chemical anchors. Of course, other fasteners can be used according to actual needs.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the steel plate 3 in this embodiment includes a bottom plate 13, two web plates 14 and two wing plates 15. The two web plates 14 are fixedly connected to both sides of the steel plate 3, and a groove is formed between the two web plates 14 and the steel plate 3. The two wing plates 15 are respectively connected to the outer side of the two web plates 14, and the wing plates 15 are connected to the tunnel segment 1 by the second fastener 6.

[0041] It is easy to understand that the baffle 8 in this embodiment is L-shaped, and one support plate of the baffle 8 is connected to the base plate 13 by the first fastener 7; the other support plate of the baffle 8 closes the end of the groove. Furthermore, side plates can be provided on both sides of the baffle 8 to close the sides of the steel plate 3. It is worth noting that the gaps between the baffle 8 and the steel plate 3, as well as the gaps between the tunnel segment 1 and the steel plate 3, are sealed with elastic epoxy putty.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the tunnel segment 1 is provided with a plurality of implantation holes, the depth of which is one-third to one-half the thickness of the tunnel segment 1; a reinforcing bar 5 is fixed in each implantation hole, the reinforcing bar 5 having a bent end, the bent end of the reinforcing bar 5 being disposed inside the concrete 2. The bent end of each reinforcing bar 5 located inside the concrete 2 is arranged circumferentially along the tunnel segment 1.

[0043] Furthermore, combining Figure 3As shown, the tunnel in this embodiment also includes a number of studs 4, which are fixedly installed on the inner surface of the groove formed by the steel plate 3. The studs 4 are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the axial and circumferential directions of the tunnel segment 1 on the steel plate 3, and the studs 4 are embedded in the concrete 2.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] As another embodiment of the present invention, unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment discloses a method for lining a concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates, used to form a concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates as described in Embodiment 1, combined with... Figure 5 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Roughen the inner surface of tunnel segment 1. Roughening is to strengthen the bond between the ultra-high performance concrete 2 and the original reinforced concrete 2 segment. A roughening machine is used, with a roughening depth of 5-10mm, a spacing of 30mm, and a roughening rate of no less than 90%. Tunnel segment 1 has an outer diameter of 6200mm, a width of 1500mm, and a thickness of 350mm. Tunnel segment 1 is assembled from 6 reinforced concrete 2 segments with staggered joints. The joints are located at 11.75°, 33.25°, 101.25°, 168.75°, 236.25°, and 303.75°.

[0047] Step 2: Drill holes and insert reinforcing bars 5 into the inner surface of tunnel segment 1; drill holes and insert reinforcing bars 5 around the reinforced area on the inner surface of tunnel segment 1. The drilling depth is approximately 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of tunnel segment 1, and the reinforcing bars penetrate 0.5 to 0.8 times the thickness of concrete 2. The drilling positions are evenly distributed around the reinforced area, with a spacing of approximately 0.3 to 1.0 times the thickness of tunnel segment 1. Use rebar adhesive to insert the reinforcing bars into the holes. When some holes are located in the bolt manholes 10 of tunnel segment 1, these holes should be discarded. When some holes encounter the original reinforcing bars 5 of tunnel segment 1 during drilling, they should be re-drilled within a 5cm radius, and the holes encountering the original reinforcing bars 5 of tunnel segment 1 should be sealed with rebar adhesive. In this embodiment, the reinforcing bar 5 is an HRB400 ribbed steel bar 5, which is L-shaped, 12mm in diameter, and 60mm in bending length. The length of the reinforcing bar 5 outside the pipe tunnel segment 1 is 35mm. The drilling positions are arranged in a square shape around the reinforcement area, with a spacing of 150mm.

[0048] Step 3: Form grooves on the surface of steel plate 3 and weld studs 4; the welding positions of studs 4 should be evenly distributed, with a spacing of 0.3 to 1.0 times the thickness of tunnel segment 1, and staggered from the above-mentioned rebars in the axial and longitudinal directions. Specifically, the thickness of steel plate 3 is 8mm, chemical anchor bolt holes are reserved every 200cm on the flange 15 of steel plate 3, and concrete pouring openings 12 are reserved every 100cm on the bottom plate 13. Studs 4 are grade 4.8 M10 studs, with a head diameter of 15mm and a height of 40mm. The welding positions of studs 4 are arranged in a U-shape, with a spacing of 150mm, and staggered from the inserted rebars 5 in the axial and longitudinal directions.

[0049] Step 4: Erect steel plate 3 and fix it to tunnel segment 1 with chemical anchors; Erect steel plate 3 and fix it with chemical anchors. In this embodiment, steel plate 3 is divided into five pieces, which are connected sequentially. Through the anchor holes reserved on the flanges 15 on both sides of steel plate 3, drill holes at corresponding positions on tunnel segment 1 and insert chemical anchors. Finally, connect steel plate 3 to tunnel segment 1 with nuts, and seal the gap between flanges 15 of steel plate 3 and tunnel segment 1 with elastic epoxy putty. Adjacent steel plates 3 are connected by welding. The welding should be bevel welding, and the weld should penetrate the entire width of steel plate 3.

[0050] Step 5: Secure the end of the steel plate 3 to the baffle 8 using chemical anchors and seal the edges; fix the baffle 8 to the ends of the first and fifth steel plates 3 using chemical anchors and seal the edges to form a closed space in the steel formwork. The baffle 8 consists of a cover plate, a bottom plate 13, and side plates. The cover plate has holes for chemical anchors. Through the anchor holes reserved in the cover plate of the baffle 8, drill holes at corresponding positions on the steel plate 3 and insert chemical anchors. Finally, connect the baffle 8 to the steel plate 3 with nuts, and seal the gap between the baffle 8 and the steel plate 3 with elastic epoxy putty.

[0051] Step Six: Concrete 2 is poured into the groove using a pump to form a tunnel. The pouring process proceeds from bottom to top, following the pouring openings 12 pre-reserved on the base plate 13 by the steel plate 3, using a layered pouring method. After the pouring surface reaches the pouring opening 12, the current pouring opening 12 is sealed, and then pouring continues from a higher pouring opening 12 until the entire ring is poured. The concrete 2 thickness is 52mm. No special curing or formwork removal is required. The entire reinforcement process is completed after pouring. In this embodiment, concrete 2 is composed of cement, silica fume, quartz powder, quartz sand, steel fiber, water-reducing agent, and water.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0053] This tunnel fully utilizes the grooved steel plate 3 in the reinforcement structure as a direct casting template, avoiding the erection and dismantling of templates during construction. By using baffles 8 to seal the edges of the steel plate 3 and connecting it to the track bed 11, the installation of steel brackets is avoided, effectively improving the strength and rigidity of the connection with the track bed 11. It also fully utilizes the advantages of concrete 2, such as high strength, high rigidity, good durability, strong interfacial adhesion, low permeability, and good fire resistance. Compared with other shield tunnel structure reinforcement technologies, this method simultaneously provides reinforcement of the entire ring section and local locations, increasing the strength and rigidity of the lining structure while effectively controlling cracks. Furthermore, this method is quick to construct, has low labor costs, and is easy to obtain materials, making it a promising technology for application.

[0054] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates, characterized in that, include: Tunnel segments are arranged in a ring; A steel plate, in the shape of a fan ring, is installed on the inner ring surface of the tunnel segment. A groove is formed on the steel plate along the circumferential direction, and the groove is located between the steel plate and the tunnel segment. A casting port communicating with the groove is provided on the steel plate. Concrete is used to fill the groove. Two baffles are fixedly installed at both ends of the steel plate to close the two ends of the groove. The first fastener connects the baffle and the steel plate; The second fastener connects the tunnel segment and the steel plate; The steel plate includes a bottom plate, two web plates, and two wing plates. The two web plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the steel plate, and the groove is formed between the two web plates and the steel plate. The two wing plates are respectively connected to the outer sides of the two web plates, and the wing plates are connected to the tunnel segments by the second fastener. The baffle is L-shaped, and one of its support plates is connected to the base plate via the first fastener; the other support plate of the baffle closes the end of the groove; both the first fastener and the second fastener are chemical anchors.

2. The concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel segment has several implantation holes, the depth of which is one-third to one-half the thickness of the tunnel segment; each implantation hole is fixed with a reinforcing bar, the reinforcing bar having a bent end which is located inside the concrete.

3. The concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the steel bars has a bent end located inside the concrete, which is arranged circumferentially along the tunnel segment.

4. The concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates as described in claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a number of studs, which are fixedly disposed on the inner surface of the steel plate forming the groove. The studs are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the axial and circumferential directions of the tunnel segment on the steel plate, and the studs are embedded in the concrete.

5. The concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gaps between the baffle and the steel plate, as well as the gaps between the tunnel segment and the steel plate, are sealed with elastic epoxy putty.

6. A method for lining a concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel steel plates, characterized in that, The method for forming a concrete-lined shield tunnel without corbel plates as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 includes the following steps: Roughen the inner surface of the tunnel segments; Drill holes in the inner surface of the tunnel segment and insert reinforcing bars; Grooves are formed on the surface of the steel plate and studs are welded in. The steel plate was erected and fixed to the tunnel segments with chemical anchors; The ends of the steel plate are secured with chemical anchors to form a baffle and the edges are sealed. The tunnel is formed by pumping concrete into the groove.

7. The method for lining a shield tunnel with concrete lining without corbel steel plates as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The concrete is made of cement, silica fume, quartz powder, quartz sand, steel fiber, water-reducing agent and water.

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