Tunnel stepping support and protection device and system

Abstract

This invention discloses a tunnel stepping support and protection device and system. The tunnel stepping support and protection device is used to support the roof and floor of a mine tunnel. It includes multiple stepping devices, each of which includes a top beam slipper, a bottom slipper, and a linkage box. The linkage boxes of the multiple stepping devices are arranged and connected in a first horizontal direction orthogonal to the direction of travel. The linkage box includes a box body, at least one first driving link, and at least one second driving link. The top beam slipper and the bottom slipper move relative to the box body under the drive of the first and second driving links, respectively, to intermittently stop against the roof and floor, and drive the box body to step forward along the direction of travel. The multiple stepping devices have different phases and stop against the roof and floor in sequence, realizing stepping forward in a supported state, and always supporting between the roof and floor, providing continuous support for the mine roof and improving the safety of the triangular area protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine fully mechanized mining retreat protection technology, and in particular to a roadway stepping support protection device and system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the withdrawal of hydraulic supports in fully mechanized coal mining, methods such as using timber stacks or supporting logs for protection are commonly employed. These logs are then used to replace the hydraulic supports and transport them out of the working face. This method consumes a large amount of timber, resulting in high costs, is labor-intensive, and represents a significant waste of resources and the environment. Furthermore, the installation of timber stacks requires workers to operate in extremely dangerous environments, leading to frequent accidents and poor support effectiveness. Problems such as hydraulic supports being buried by roof collapses are common, resulting in low efficiency and a high degree of danger and uncertainty in the withdrawal process. Related technologies have also attempted to use protective supports similar to ordinary hydraulic supports, or single hydraulic support columns combined with crossbeams for support and protection. However, these methods generally suffer from poor support and protection effectiveness, dangerous operation, high time and labor costs, and the risk of support equipment being buried by roof collapses, further contributing to low withdrawal efficiency and a high degree of risk and uncertainty. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide a tunnel stepping support and shield device.

[0004] Embodiments of the present invention also propose a roadway stepping support and cover system having the above-mentioned roadway stepping support and cover device.

[0005] This invention discloses a tunnel stepping support and shielding device for supporting the roof and floor of a mine tunnel. The device comprises multiple stepping devices, each including a top beam slipper, a bottom slipper, and a linkage box. The top beam slipper abuts against the roof, the bottom slipper abuts against the floor, and the linkage box is located between the top beam slipper and the bottom slipper. The linkage boxes of the multiple stepping devices are arranged and connected in a first horizontal direction orthogonal to the direction of travel. Each linkage box includes a housing, at least one first driving link, and at least one... A second driving link is provided. One end of the first driving link is hinged to the housing and the other end is hinged to the top beam slide shoe. One end of the second driving link is hinged to the housing and the other end is hinged to the bottom slide shoe. The top beam slide shoe and the bottom slide shoe move relative to the housing in translation and rotation under the drive of the first driving link and the second driving link, respectively, to intermittently stop the top plate and the bottom plate, and drive the housing to step forward in the forward direction. The multiple walking devices have different phases and stop the top plate and the bottom plate in sequence, realizing the stepping forward in the supported state.

[0006] This invention provides a tunnel stepping support and shield device, comprising multiple sets of stepping devices with different phases. These devices sequentially abut against the roof and floor, enabling the entire structure to step forward and remain consistently supported between the roof and floor, providing continuous support to the mine roof and improving the safety of the triangular area shelter. Furthermore, the application of this tunnel stepping support and shield device completely eliminates outdated processes such as stacking timber and supporting logs, saving significant manpower, resources, and time, and greatly improving the safety and efficiency of hydraulic support retraction operations.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first drive link and the second drive link are used to drive the top beam slipper and the bottom foot slipper to move closer to or further away from each other, the top beam slipper and the bottom foot slipper moving away from each other to support between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the top beam slipper and the bottom foot slipper moving closer to each other to disengage from the top plate and the bottom plate.

[0008] In some embodiments, when the top beam slipper abuts against the top plate under the action of the first drive link, the bottom foot slipper disengages from the bottom plate under the action of the second drive link; when the bottom foot slipper abuts against the bottom plate under the action of the second drive link, the top beam slipper disengages from the top plate under the action of the first drive link.

[0009] In some embodiments, the connecting rod housing includes a first crankshaft gear, a second crankshaft gear, and a drive member. One end of the first drive connecting rod is hinged to the first crankshaft gear, and one end of the second drive connecting rod is hinged to the second crankshaft gear. The first crankshaft gear and the second crankshaft gear mesh with each other and are rotatably connected to the housing. The drive member is used to drive the first crankshaft gear and the second crankshaft gear to rotate, thereby driving the first drive connecting rod and the second drive connecting rod to move.

[0010] In some embodiments, the drive includes an output gear rotatably connected to the housing, the output gear meshing with one of the first crankshaft gear and the second crankshaft gear.

[0011] In some embodiments, the linkage box includes multiple sets of drive components, each set of drive components including a first drive link, a second drive link, a first crankshaft gear, a second crankshaft gear and a drive member, and the multiple sets of drive components are all disposed on the box body and spaced apart in the forward direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, each of the walking devices includes multiple sets of stepping mechanisms, which are spaced apart in the first horizontal direction. Each set of stepping mechanisms includes the corresponding top beam slipper, bottom slipper, and linkage box. The multiple sets of stepping mechanisms operate synchronously in the same phase, and the multiple walking devices are arranged crosswise.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plurality of walking devices include a first walking device and a second walking device, wherein a plurality of linkage boxes in the first walking device and a plurality of linkage boxes in the second walking device are alternately arranged and fixedly connected in the first horizontal direction; the top beam slipper of the first walking device and the top beam slipper of the second walking device abut against the top plate in sequence, and the bottom slipper of the first walking device and the bottom slipper of the second walking device abut against the bottom plate in sequence.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tunnel stepping support cover device further includes a hinged connecting lug, which is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting box.

[0015] In some embodiments, a tunnel stepping support cover system includes: a tunnel stepping support cover device; a plurality of cover supports arranged sequentially in a first horizontal direction, each cover support including a cover support frame and a push-pull device, the push-pull device being extendable or retractable relative to the cover support frame along the forward direction, the cover support frame having a raised state supported on a top plate and a lowered state detached from the top plate; and a push-moving beam, the front end of each of the plurality of push-pull devices and the tunnel stepping support cover device being hinged to the push-moving beam. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the hydraulic support retraction system in the roadway provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composition and layout of the hydraulic support retraction system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel stepping support and cover system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel stepping support and cover device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tunnel stepping support and cover device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the stepping principle of the tunnel stepping support and cover device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of implementing the forward movement function S1 of the tunnel stepping support and cover system provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] The system includes: a tunnel stepping support and cover device 100, a first stepping walking device 101, a second stepping walking device 102, a top beam sliding shoe 110, a bottom foot sliding shoe 120, a connecting rod box 130, a housing 131, a first drive connecting rod 132, a second drive connecting rod 133, a first crankshaft gear 134, a second crankshaft gear 135, an output gear 136, a first stepping mechanism 137, a second stepping mechanism 138, and a hinged connecting lug 140.

[0025] First protective support 200, first protective support frame 201, first hydraulic telescopic rod 2011, first top protective beam 2012, first push-pull device 202.

[0026] Second protective support 300, second protective support frame 301, second hydraulic telescopic rod 3011, second top protective beam 3012, second push-pull device 302, and push-moving crossbeam 299.

[0027] First traction protection bracket 400, second traction protection bracket 500, hydraulic support row 600, hydraulic support to be withdrawn 601. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] The following is based on Figures 1-7 The present invention describes a tunnel stepping support and cover device 100 and a tunnel stepping support and cover system having the tunnel stepping support and cover device 100.

[0030] The tunnel stepping support and protection device 100 is used to support the roof and floor of the mine tunnel. The tunnel stepping support and protection device 100 includes multiple stepping devices, each including a top beam slipper 110, a bottom slipper 120, and a connecting rod box 130. The top beam slipper 110 abuts against the roof of the tunnel, and the bottom slipper 120 abuts against the floor of the tunnel. The top beam slipper 110 and the bottom slipper 120 are supported between the roof and floor of the tunnel to provide support. The connecting rod box 130 is located between the top beam slipper 110 and the bottom slipper 120. The connecting rod boxes 130 of the multiple stepping devices are arranged and connected in a first horizontal direction, which is orthogonal to the forward direction of the stepping devices.

[0031] The linkage box 130 includes a box body 131, at least one first drive linkage 132, and at least one second drive linkage 133. One end of the first drive linkage 132 is hinged to the box body 131, and the other end is hinged to the top beam slide shoe 110. The first drive linkage 132 is used to drive the top beam slide shoe 110 to move relative to the box body 131. One end of the second drive linkage 133 is hinged to the box body 131, and the other end is hinged to the bottom slide shoe 120. The second drive linkage 133 is used to drive the bottom slide shoe 120 to move relative to the box body 131. Under the drive of the first drive linkage 132 and the second drive linkage 133, the top beam slide shoe 110 and the bottom slide shoe 120 respectively translate and rotate relative to the box body 131 to intermittently stop against the roof and floor of the roadway, and drive the box body 131 to move forward in the forward direction.

[0032] The "translational and rotary movement" of the top beam slide 110 and the bottom slide 120 relative to the box 131 refers to the fact that the rotation process of the top beam slide 110 and the bottom slide 120 relative to the box 131 is largely a translational movement. The rotation process of the top beam slide 110 relative to the box 131 can be roughly divided into four actions: moving upward relative to the box 131 to abut against the top plate, moving backward relative to the box 131 (the box 131 moves forward) after abutting against the top plate, moving downward relative to the box 131 to detach from the top plate, and moving forward relative to the box 131. The rotation process of the bottom slide 120 relative to the box 131 can also be roughly divided into four actions: moving downward relative to the box 131 to abut against the bottom plate, moving backward relative to the box 131 (the box 131 moves forward) after abutting against the bottom plate, moving upward relative to the box 131 to detach from the bottom plate, and moving forward relative to the box 131.

[0033] Specifically, since the housing 131 is located between the top beam slide 110 and the bottom slide 120, when the top beam slide 110 moves upward under the action of the first drive linkage 132, the top beam slide 110 moves relatively away from the housing 131, and the top beam slide 110 can stop against the roof of the roadway to play a supporting role. Figure 6The dashed line indicates the position of the top beam slide 110. When the top beam slide 110 moves downward, it gets closer to the box body 131, and then detaches from the roof of the roadway. Figure 6 The solid line indicates the position of the top beam slide 110. The bottom slide 120 moves downwards under the action of the second drive linkage 133, moving relatively away from the housing 131, and is able to stop against the floor of the tunnel. Figure 6 The dotted line indicates the position of the bottom sliding shoe 120. When the bottom sliding shoe 120 moves upward, it gets closer to the box body 131, and the bottom sliding shoe 120 disengages from the floor of the tunnel. Figure 6 The solid line indicates the position of the bottom sliding shoe 120. Thus, the top beam sliding shoe 110 and the bottom sliding shoe 120 intermittently stop against the roof and floor of the tunnel.

[0034] When the top beam slide 110 stops against the top plate, and the top beam slide 110 remains stationary relative to the top plate, the first drive linkage 132 continues to drive the top beam slide 110 to rotate, applying a backward driving force to the top beam slide 110, and simultaneously applying a forward thrust to the housing 131 in the opposite direction of the driving force, so as to propel the housing 131 forward in the forward direction.

[0035] When the bottom foot slide 120 stops against the bottom plate and remains stationary relative to the bottom plate, the second drive linkage 133 continues to drive the bottom foot slide 120 to rotate, applying a backward driving force to the bottom foot slide 120, and simultaneously applying a forward thrust to the housing 131 in the opposite direction of the driving force, so as to propel the housing 131 forward in the forward direction.

[0036] When the top beam slipper 110 detaches from the top plate, it moves forward a certain distance under the drive of the first drive link 132. When the bottom foot slipper 120 detaches from the bottom plate, it moves forward a certain distance under the drive of the second drive link 133.

[0037] Multiple walking devices have different phases and sequentially abut against the top and bottom plates to achieve forward movement under support. That is, the top beam slipper 110 and bottom foot slipper 120 of the multiple walking devices have different walking cycles to ensure that at any given moment, the top beam slipper 110 of at least one walking device abuts against the top plate, and the bottom foot slipper 120 of at least one walking device abuts against the bottom plate. This ensures that the roadway walking support and protection device 100 provides continuous support to the roadway top plate during the walking process and can also support the linkage box 130, preventing the linkage box 130 from bottoming out.

[0038] This invention provides a tunnel stepping support and shield device, comprising multiple sets of stepping devices with different phases. These devices sequentially abut against the roof and floor, enabling the entire structure to step forward and remain consistently supported between the roof and floor, providing continuous support to the mine roof and improving the safety of the triangular area shelter. Furthermore, the application of this tunnel stepping support and shield device completely eliminates outdated processes such as stacking timber and supporting logs, saving significant manpower, resources, and time, and greatly improving the safety and efficiency of hydraulic support retraction operations.

[0039] The top beam slipper 110 and bottom foot slipper 120 of the walking device provided in this embodiment of the invention can have different rotation modes.

[0040] For example, in some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first drive link 132 and the second drive link 133 are used to drive the top beam slide 110 and the bottom foot slide 120 to move closer or further apart from each other. The top beam slide 110 and the bottom foot slide 120 move away from each other to be supported between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the top beam slide 110 and the bottom foot slide 120 move closer to each other to disengage from the top plate and the bottom plate. Specifically, the top beam slide 110 moves upward while the bottom foot slide 120 moves downward to move away from each other; the top beam slide 110 stops against the top plate while the bottom foot slide 120 stops against the bottom plate; the top beam slide 110 moves downward while the bottom foot slide 120 moves upward to move closer to each other.

[0041] For example, in some alternative embodiments, when the top beam slide 110 moves upward and stops against the top plate under the drive of the first drive link 132, the bottom foot slide 120 moves upward and disengages from the bottom plate under the drive of the second drive link 133. When the bottom foot slide 120 moves downward and stops against the bottom plate under the drive of the second drive link 133, the top beam slide 110 moves downward and disengages from the top plate under the drive of the first drive link 132.

[0042] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the connecting rod housing 130 includes a first crankshaft gear 134, a second crankshaft gear 135, and a drive component. The first crankshaft gear 134 and the second crankshaft gear 135 mesh with each other and are rotatably connected to the housing 131. One end of the first drive connecting rod 132 is hinged to the first crankshaft gear 134, and the other end is hinged to the top beam slide shoe 110. One end of the second drive connecting rod 133 is hinged to the second crankshaft gear 135, and the other end is hinged to the bottom foot slide shoe 120. The drive component is used to drive the first crankshaft gear 134 and the second crankshaft gear 135 to rotate, thereby driving the first drive connecting rod 132 and the second drive connecting rod 133 to move.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the first drive link 132 and the second drive link 133 are Janssen mechanisms, which are biomimetic motion mechanisms in related technologies that can mimic the walking of living organisms. The first crankshaft gear 134 rotates to drive the first drive link 132, thereby causing the top beam slide 110 to perform translational and rotary motion. The second crankshaft gear 135 rotates to drive the second drive link 133, thereby causing the bottom slide 120 to perform translational and rotary motion.

[0044] In some alternative embodiments, the driving element is a drive motor, which drives one of the first crankshaft gear 134 and the second crankshaft gear 135 to rotate, thereby driving the other to rotate.

[0045] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the driving component is a drive motor, which includes an output gear 136 rotatably connected to the housing 131. The output gear 136 meshes with one of the first crankshaft gear 134 and the second crankshaft gear 134. The output gear 136 rotates under the action of the drive motor, thereby driving the first crankshaft gear 134 or the second crankshaft gear 134 meshing with it to rotate. Since the first crankshaft gear 134 and the second crankshaft gear 134 mesh with each other, they drive the other one to rotate.

[0046] As an example, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the output gear 136 meshes with the first crankshaft gear 134. In other alternative embodiments, the output gear 136 may mesh with the second crankshaft gear 135.

[0047] In some embodiments, in order to achieve more stable drive, the linkage box 130 includes multiple sets of drive components. Each set of drive components includes a first drive link 132, a second drive link 133, a first crankshaft gear 134, a second crankshaft gear 135 and a drive member. The multiple sets of drive components are all disposed on the housing 131 and are spaced apart in the forward direction.

[0048] As an example, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the linkage box 130 includes two sets of drive assemblies, which are spaced apart in the forward direction. Each drive mechanism includes a first drive link 132, a second drive link 133, a first crankshaft gear 134, a second crankshaft gear 135, and a drive element. The two drive mechanisms move synchronously to stably drive the top beam slide shoe 110 and the bottom foot slide shoe 120.

[0049] In other alternative embodiments, the linkage 130 may include three or more sets of drive assemblies. It should be noted that the multiple sets of drive assemblies should move synchronously to allow the top beam slipper 110 and the bottom foot slipper 120 to translate.

[0050] To increase the support area of ​​each walking device, in some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, each walking device includes multiple sets of stepping mechanisms. Each set of stepping mechanisms includes a corresponding top beam slide 110, bottom slide 120, and linkage box 130. The multiple sets of stepping mechanisms operate synchronously in the same phase. The multiple sets of stepping mechanisms are arranged at intervals in the first horizontal direction. That is, each walking device includes multiple top beam slides 110 arranged at intervals in the first horizontal direction, multiple bottom slides 120 arranged at intervals in the first horizontal direction, and linkage boxes 130 connecting the corresponding top beam slides 110 and bottom slides 120 for driving their movement. The multiple top beam slides 110 perform translational and rotational movements in the same phase, and the multiple bottom slides 120 perform translational and rotational movements in the same phase.

[0051] Multiple roof beams and sliding shoes 110 arranged at intervals support the roof. The support height of the stepping mechanism can be adjusted automatically according to the height of the roof. Compared with using large surface area roof beams to support the roof, the roadway stepping support and shield device 100 can better adapt to roofs that are undulating or have uneven surfaces, and distribute the support force on the roof to each roof beam and sliding shoe 110, providing more stable support for the roof.

[0052] Furthermore, the multiple stepping devices in the roadway stepping support and protection device 100 are arranged in a cross manner, that is, in the first horizontal direction, the multiple sets of stepping mechanisms in the same stepping device are not completely adjacent, so as to make the support force of the roadway stepping support and protection device 100 on the roof more balanced, so as to avoid the roof from collapsing due to a sudden and significant reduction in the support force on a certain area of ​​the roof when multiple top beam slippers 110 in a certain stepping device detach from the roof.

[0053] Furthermore, the stepping mechanisms in the multiple stepping devices of the roadway stepping support and protection device 100 are arranged alternately to further balance the supporting force of the roadway stepping support and protection device 100 on the roof.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the tunnel stepping support and cover device 100 includes a first stepping device 101 and a second stepping device 102. The first stepping device 101 includes four sets of first stepping mechanisms 137, and the second stepping device 102 includes four sets of second stepping mechanisms 138. Figure 4As shown, the four linkage boxes 130 in the four sets of first stepping mechanisms 137 and the four linkage boxes 130 in the four sets of second stepping mechanisms 138 are alternately arranged and fixedly connected in the first horizontal direction.

[0055] Among them, the four top beam slides 110 in the four sets of first stepping mechanisms 137 and the four top beam slides 110 in the four sets of second stepping mechanisms 138 are alternately arranged in the first horizontal direction and abut against the top plate in sequence. That is, when the four top beam slides 110 in the first stepping device 101 detach from the top plate, the four top beam slides 110 in the second stepping device 102 support the top plate, and when the four top beam slides 110 in the second stepping device 102 detach from the top plate, the four top beam slides 110 in the first stepping device 101 support the top plate.

[0056] The four foot slippers 120 in the four sets of first stepping mechanisms 137 and the four foot slippers 120 in the four sets of second stepping mechanisms 138 are alternately arranged in the first horizontal direction and sequentially abut against the base plate. That is, when the four foot slippers 120 in the first stepping device 101 detach from the base plate, the four foot slippers 120 in the second stepping device 102 abut against the base plate, and when the four foot slippers 120 in the second stepping device 102 detach from the base plate, the four foot slippers 120 in the first stepping device 101 abut against the base plate.

[0057] As an example, the first drive link 132 and the second drive link 133 in the first stepping mechanism 137 and the second stepping mechanism 138 are both used to drive the top beam slide shoe 110 and the bottom foot slide shoe 120 to move closer or further apart from each other, so that, as Figure 4 As shown, when all four top beam slippers 110 in the second stepping device 102 are detached from the roof and all four bottom slippers 120 are detached from the floor, all four top beam slippers 110 in the first stepping device 101 are in a high-support state to support the roof, and all four bottom slippers 120 are abutting against the floor. That is, the four first stepping mechanisms 137 of the first stepping device 101 are in a supported state. Similarly, when all four first stepping mechanisms 137 in the first stepping device 101 are detached from both the roof and floor, all four second stepping mechanisms 138 in the second stepping device 102 are in a supported state. In other words, the four first stepping mechanisms 137 and the four second stepping mechanisms 138 alternately support the roadway.

[0058] This configuration makes the support force of the first stepping device 101 and the second stepping device 102 on the top and bottom plates of the roadway more balanced, avoiding the partial collapse of the top plate when the first stepping device 101 or the second stepping device 102 is removed from the support, thus making the stepping process of the roadway stepping support and protection device 100 safer.

[0059] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the tunnel stepping support and protection device 100 also includes a hinged connecting ear 140, which is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting box 130 for connecting to the traction device in front.

[0060] In some cases, when the output gear 136 of the drive unit is driven, the tunnel stepping support shield 100 steps forward in the direction of travel. In other cases, the hinged connecting lug 140 of the tunnel stepping support shield 100 is hinged to the traction device, and under the external force of the traction device, the entire tunnel stepping support shield 100 can step forward and remain supported between the top and bottom plates.

[0061] An embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel stepping support and cover system, which includes: a tunnel stepping support and cover device 100, a plurality of cover supports and a pushing crossbeam 299.

[0062] Multiple protective supports and tunnel stepping support protective devices 100 are arranged sequentially in a first horizontal direction. Each protective support includes a support frame and a push-pull device, which can extend or retract relative to the support frame in the forward direction. The support frame has a raised state supported on the roof and a lowered state detached from the roof. In the raised state, the support frame is supported between the roof and floor of the tunnel; in the lowered state, the support frame retracts so that its top detaches from the roof.

[0063] The front end of each of the multiple push-pull devices and the tunnel stepping support and protection device 100 is hinged to the push beam 299. The push beam 299 steps forward along the direction of travel under the push of the multiple push-pull devices.

[0064] The tunnel stepping support and shield system provided in this embodiment of the invention works in conjunction with the tunnel stepping support and shield device through shield supports and pushing beams. This enables the tunnel stepping support and shield device to move under load within the mine subsidence area, providing continuous support to the mine roof. It also eliminates the previous process and method of moving the shield device forward without load through various alternating shield methods. It completely abandons the outdated process of using alternating shield methods such as stacking timber or supporting logs to replace the hydraulic support during withdrawal, saving a lot of manpower, material resources and working time, and greatly improving the safety and efficiency of hydraulic support withdrawal.

[0065] As an example, such as Figure 3As shown, the protective support includes two supports, with a pushing beam 299 extending along the first horizontal direction. The front ends of the pushing and pulling devices of the two protective supports and the hinged connecting ears 140 of the tunnel stepping support protective device 100 are both hinged to the pushing beam 299. In some alternative embodiments, the number of protective supports may be greater than two, depending on the type of retraction hydraulic support, all of which fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the protective support system includes a first protective support 200 and a second protective support 300. The tunnel stepping support protective device 100, the first protective support 200, and the second protective support 300 are arranged sequentially in the first horizontal direction. The first protective support 200 includes a first protective support frame 201 and a first push-pull device 202. The second protective support 300 includes a second protective support frame 301 and a second push-pull device 302. The pushing crossbeam 299 is provided with three hinge ears, which are respectively hinged to the hinge connection ear 140 of the tunnel stepping support protective device 100, the front end of the first push-pull device 202, and the front end of the second push-pull device 302.

[0067] like Figure 3 As shown, taking the second cover support 300 as an example, the second push-pull device 302 is located at the center of the bottom of the cover support frame 301 and is slidably set. One end of the built-in hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the second push-pull device 302, and the other end is hinged to the second cover support frame 301. The extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder realizes the push-pull action of the second push-pull device 302.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, the first protective support frame 201 includes a first hydraulic telescopic rod 2011 and a first top protective beam 2012. The first hydraulic telescopic rod 2011 is supported at the bottom of the first top protective beam 2012, and is telescopically configured to raise or lower the first top protective beam 2012. The second protective support frame 301 includes a second hydraulic telescopic rod 3011 and a second top protective beam 3012. The second hydraulic telescopic rod 3011 is supported at the bottom of the second top protective beam 3012, and is telescopically configured to raise or lower the second top protective beam 3012. In the raised state, the second top protective beam 3012 is raised; in the lowered state, the second top protective beam 3012 is lowered.

[0069] Before the protective supports advance, the hydraulic support rod retracts, lowering the top protective beam to its lowered state. After advancing, the hydraulic support rod extends, raising the top protective beam to its raised state. The first protective support 200 and the second protective support 300 can move forward independently by lowering and retracting respectively. When they reach the appropriate position, they are raised and fixed. By rotating in sequence, all the protective supports can move forward, thus achieving a stable forward movement of the stepping support protective system.

[0070] The following is based on Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment is used as an example to describe in detail the protection and advancing method of the tunnel advancing support and cover system. The tunnel advancing support and cover system is arranged between the top and bottom plates of the tunnel and supported in the triangular area behind the hydraulic support array 600. It is used to protect the traction system as it pulls the hydraulic support 601 to be withdrawn out of the hydraulic support array 600. The implementation of the support, protection, and advancing function S1 of the tunnel advancing support and cover system includes, but is not limited to, the following preferred methods and steps:

[0071] S101: As Figure 7 As shown in S101, the hinge joints at the front end of the first push-pull device 202, the hinge joints at the front end of the second push-pull device 302, and the hinge connecting lugs 140 at the front end of the roadway stepping support and cover device 100 are respectively hinged to the pushing beam 299, so that the first push-pull device 202 and the second push-pull device 302 are in the retracted state, and the first cover support 200 and the second cover support 300 are in the support and cover state (i.e., the raised frame state). As the initial state, the output gear 136 of the drive motor is released from the brake, and the roadway stepping support and cover device 100 is controlled to step forward as a whole. At the same time, the first push-pull device 202 and the second push-pull device 302 are extended. Then, the roadway stepping support and cover device 100 will step forward under the traction of the drive motor and the pushing beam 299 until it reaches the appropriate position.

[0072] S102: As Figure 7 -S102 shows that when the output gear 136 of the drive motor is in a braking state, the first shield support frame 201 is lowered and the first push-pull device 202 is retracted, which can make the first shield support frame 201 move forward to an appropriate position, and the first shield support frame 201 is raised and fixed.

[0073] S103: As Figure 7 -S103 As shown, after lowering the second cover support frame 301 and retracting the second push-pull device 302, the second cover support frame 301 can move forward. Then, the second cover support frame 301 is raised and fixed, and finally the entire system moves forward step by step.

[0074] S104: Repeating steps S101-S103 above can enable the tunnel stepping support and cover system to continuously advance.

[0075] During the above operation, the alternating support method of the several protective supports of the roadway stepping support and protection system, as well as the continuous support function of the roadway stepping support and protection device 100, can provide good support and protection, prevent roof collapse, and ensure the safety of the personnel and equipment being protected.

[0076] It should be noted that in other embodiments with different numbers of cover devices, after the tunnel stepping support cover device 100 is pushed into place, the cover support is lowered and moved forward in sequence, and finally the entire support cover system is moved forward step by step.

[0077] It should also be noted that the tunnel stepping support and cover system of the present invention can be used in other reasonable operating modes to achieve the support and cover and forward stepping of the tunnel stepping support and cover system, and is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation modes.

[0078] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to protect the traction system (not shown in the figure) used for pulling the hydraulic support 601 to be withdrawn, several traction protection supports are set on the side of the support protection system to support and protect the traction system and the hydraulic support being pulled. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the traction protection support includes a first traction protection support 400 and a second traction protection support 500. Both the first traction protection support 400 and the second traction protection support 500 have a supported state supported on the top plate 001 and a lowered state that is removed from the top plate 001 to move forward. The first traction protection support 400 and the second traction protection support 500 can move forward gradually with the hydraulic support as the load-bearing mobile support system is withdrawn.

[0079] The tunnel stepping support and shielding system provided in this invention eliminates the need for the timber stacking process in related technical withdrawal procedures. It offers high support strength, provides excellent support and shielding functions, and completely avoids accidents such as roof mesh tearing, frame crushing, and burying, ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment. Furthermore, it greatly simplifies the hydraulic support withdrawal process and significantly improves the safety of hydraulic support withdrawal.

[0080] Furthermore, the tunnel stepping support and shield system provided in this embodiment of the invention can achieve continuous support for the top and bottom plates. Its slipper-type design can minimize the specific pressure between the top and the ground, reduce damage to the top and bottom plates, and thus reduce the risk of top plate breakage and collapse. Moreover, its load-returning and moving support method can keep the top plate in a supported state, effectively avoiding the risk of the frame being crushed due to the top plate losing support and pressing down.

[0081] In summary, the tunnel stepping support and cover system proposed in this invention greatly reduces the manual processes and heavy physical labor in traditional retreat systems, achieving high safety, high reliability, high efficiency, and high benefits in hydraulic support retreat operations. It solves many unresolved pain points in hydraulic support retreat, realizes the automated transformation of hydraulic support retreat in coal mine tunnels, significantly improves the operational efficiency and safety of hydraulic support retreat, and can generate significant economic and social benefits.

[0082] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0083] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0084] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0085] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0086] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0087] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel stepping support and protection device, characterized in that, The tunnel stepping support and shield device is used to support the roof and floor of the mine tunnel, and includes: multiple stepping walking devices, each stepping walking device including a top beam slipper, a bottom foot slipper, and a connecting rod box. The top beam slipper is used to abut against the roof, the bottom foot slipper is used to abut against the floor, and the connecting rod box is located between the top beam slipper and the bottom foot slipper. The connecting rod boxes of multiple stepping walking devices are arranged and connected in a first horizontal direction orthogonal to the direction of travel. The linkage box includes a box body, at least one first drive link and at least one second drive link. One end of the first drive link is hinged to the box body and the other end is hinged to the top beam slide shoe. One end of the second drive link is hinged to the box body and the other end is hinged to the bottom foot slide shoe. The top beam slide shoe and the bottom foot slide shoe move relative to the box body in translation and rotation under the drive of the first drive link and the second drive link, respectively, so as to intermittently stop the top plate and the bottom plate, and drive the box body to step forward in the forward direction. The multiple walking devices have different phases and sequentially abut against the top plate and the bottom plate to achieve forward walking in a supported state.

2. The tunnel stepping support and protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first drive link and the second drive link are used to drive the top beam slipper and the bottom foot slipper to move closer to or further away from each other. The top beam slipper and the bottom foot slipper move away from each other to support between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the top beam slipper and the bottom foot slipper move closer to each other to disengage from the top plate and the bottom plate.

3. The tunnel stepping support and protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the top beam slipper abuts against the top plate under the action of the first drive link, the bottom foot slipper disengages from the bottom plate under the action of the second drive link. When the bottom foot slipper abuts against the bottom plate under the action of the second drive link, the top beam slipper disengages from the top plate under the action of the first drive link.

4. The tunnel stepping support and protection device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The connecting rod housing includes a first crankshaft gear, a second crankshaft gear, and a driving component. One end of the first driving connecting rod is hinged to the first crankshaft gear, and one end of the second driving connecting rod is hinged to the second crankshaft gear. The first crankshaft gear and the second crankshaft gear mesh with each other and are rotatably connected to the housing. The driving component is used to drive the first crankshaft gear and the second crankshaft gear to rotate, thereby driving the first driving connecting rod and the second driving connecting rod to move.

5. The tunnel stepping support and protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive unit includes an output gear rotatably connected to the housing, the output gear meshing with one of the first crankshaft gear and the second crankshaft gear.

6. The tunnel stepping support and protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The linkage box includes multiple sets of drive components. Each set of drive components includes a first drive link, a second drive link, a first crankshaft gear, a second crankshaft gear, and a drive component. The multiple sets of drive components are all disposed on the box body and are spaced apart in the forward direction.

7. The tunnel stepping support and protection device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Each of the walking devices includes multiple sets of stepping mechanisms, which are arranged at intervals in the first horizontal direction. Each set of stepping mechanisms includes the corresponding top beam slipper, bottom slipper, and linkage box. The multiple sets of stepping mechanisms operate synchronously in the same phase, and the multiple walking devices are arranged crosswise.

8. The tunnel stepping support and protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The plurality of walking devices include a first walking device and a second walking device, wherein a plurality of linkage boxes in the first walking device and a plurality of linkage boxes in the second walking device are alternately arranged and fixedly connected in the first horizontal direction; The top beam slipper of the first walking device and the top beam slipper of the second walking device abut against the top plate in sequence, and the bottom slipper of the first walking device and the bottom slipper of the second walking device abut against the bottom plate in sequence.

9. The tunnel stepping support and protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hinged connecting lug, which is fixedly connected to the front end of the linkage box.

10. A tunnel stepping support and protection system, characterized in that, include: The tunnel stepping support and protection device according to any one of claims 1-9; Multiple protective supports and the tunnel stepping support protective device are arranged sequentially in the first horizontal direction. Each protective support includes a protective support frame and a push-pull device. The push-pull device can extend or retract relative to the protective support frame along the forward direction. The protective support frame has a raised state supported on the top plate and a lowered state detached from the top plate. The front ends of each of the push beam, the plurality of push-pull devices, and the tunnel stepping support shield are hinged to the push beam.

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