Along-filling roadway process and along-filling roadway system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of gob filling, and discloses a gob filling and roadway leaving process and a gob filling and roadway leaving system. The gob filling and roadway leaving process comprises the following steps: S1, feeding aggregate into a gob; S2, arranging a partition plate beside a roadway and supporting the partition plate; S3, mounting an anchor on the partition plate and making the anchor extend into the gob; S4, tamping the accumulated aggregate; S5, fixing the head of the anchor to the tamped aggregate; S6, adding a cementing agent to the tamped aggregate; and S7, continuously feeding aggregate into the gob and tamping, and then adding the cementing agent until the gob is filled. In the gob filling and roadway leaving process, the partition plate separates the gob from the roadway and leaves a roadway space. Meanwhile, the partition plate provides a lateral reaction force for the filling material, and under the action of a tamping unit, the filling material forms a more compact filling body with higher structural strength. The anchor improves the integrity and strength of the filling body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground mining area filling technology, specifically to a process and system for retaining filling along a roadway. Background Technology

[0002] Goaf retention technology is one of the important methods of pillarless mining. It involves preserving the mining roadway during the working face's retreat through effective support techniques. Goaf retention typically requires constructing a backfill wall along the edge of the goaf in the retreat roadway. Backfill retention refers to the process where, after the working face has been mined, solid backfilling with gangue is carried out in the goaf, and a gangue wall of a certain width is constructed along the edge of the backfill in the retreat roadway as roadway-side support, thereby preserving the retreat roadway.

[0003] Currently, my country has developed various roadway retention technologies along the goaf, which have been widely applied, but the following problems still exist. Roadway backfilling generally uses gangue bags. Under the conditions of fully mechanized solid backfilling coal mining faces, if gangue bags are used for roadway support, manual stacking is mainly used, which results in high labor intensity for workers. Furthermore, the gangue bag walls are not strong enough and are prone to collapse under lateral thrust. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes a process for filling and retaining along the roadway, which constructs a filling structure with high strength and reduces the labor intensity of workers.

[0006] This invention also proposes a system for retaining roadways along filling paths.

[0007] The process of retaining the roadway along the filling path in this embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: Add aggregate to the goaf area and allow the aggregate to accumulate to a set height;

[0009] S2: Install partitions along the side of the roadway to separate the goaf from the roadway, and then support the partitions.

[0010] S3: Install anchors on the partition plate and extend the anchors into the goaf.

[0011] S4: Compact the piled-up aggregate, and stop compaction when the height of the aggregate reaches the design height of the anchor.

[0012] S5: Move the anchor to fix the head of the anchor to the tamped aggregate;

[0013] S6: Add a binder to the compacted aggregate;

[0014] S7: Continue to add the aggregate to the goaf and compact it, then add the gelling agent until the goaf is completely filled.

[0015] In the filling and retaining process of this invention, the baffle installed beside the roadway separates the goaf from the roadway, preventing filling material from entering the roadway and leaving space for the roadway. Simultaneously, the baffle provides lateral reaction force to the filling material and shapes the filling body. Under the compaction action of the compaction unit, the filling material forms a denser filling body with higher structural strength. Furthermore, the presence of the baffle makes the filling body less prone to tipping over. The filling body uses a mixture of aggregate and binder, resulting in high structural strength. Anchors secure the filling body beside the roadway to the baffle, improving the integrity and strength of the filling body. The entire process eliminates the need for manual stacking of coal gangue bags, reducing the labor intensity of workers.

[0016] In some embodiments, the anchors are provided in three sets: the first set of anchors is located at the lower part of the partition, the second set of anchors is located at the middle part of the partition, and the third set of anchors is located at the upper part of the partition. The aggregate is compacted to the designed height of the first set of anchors, then the first set of anchors is fixed and the gelling agent is injected. The aggregate is added and compacted to the designed height of the second set of anchors, the second set of anchors is fixed and the gelling agent is injected, the aggregate is added and compacted to the designed height of the third set of anchors, and the third set of anchors is placed and the gelling agent is injected.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S5, an iron skewer is fixed to the head of the anchor, and then the iron skewer is inserted into the gap of the aggregate.

[0018] In some embodiments, the process of filling and retaining the roadway includes step S8: after the gelling agent beside the roadway has solidified, a pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor.

[0019] In some embodiments, the aggregate is coal gangue aggregate, and / or the binder is self-compacting concrete slurry.

[0020] The roadway retention system of this invention, based on the roadway retention process of any of the above embodiments, includes a transportation unit, a delivery unit, a roadway side-confining unit, and a compaction unit. The transportation unit includes a conveyor belt and a flexible conveying pipeline. The conveyor belt is used to transport aggregates, and the flexible conveying pipeline is used to transport cementitious agents and early-strength agents. The delivery unit is connected to the transportation unit and is used to deliver the aggregates, cementitious agents, and early-strength agents to the goaf. The roadway side-confining unit includes a baffle assembly, which is fixed to the side of the roadway to isolate the goaf from the roadway. The compaction unit is used to compact the aggregates.

[0021] In some embodiments, the partition assembly includes a plurality of partitions, each partition having a hanging ring on one side and a hook on the other side, with adjacent partitions connected by the hanging ring and the hook, and the plurality of partitions arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel.

[0022] In some embodiments, the roadway side limiting unit includes an anchor, the partition is provided with an anchoring hole, the tail of the anchor is fitted into the anchoring hole, and the anchor is used to extend into the goaf to anchor the backfill material beside the roadway.

[0023] In some embodiments, the roadway side limiting unit includes a support member for supporting the partition.

[0024] In some embodiments, the anchors are provided in three sets, which are respectively assembled on the upper, middle and lower parts of the partition. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a top view of the filling and retaining system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view of the filling and retaining system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the roadway side-limiting unit of the roadway retention system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the partition plate in the filling and retaining system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 1. Transportation unit; 11. Conveyor belt; 12. Flexible conveying pipeline; 2. Dispensing unit; 21. Gelatinizer pipeline; 22. Early strength agent pipeline; 3. Roadway side restraint unit; 31. Partition plate; 311. Anchor hole; 312. Hanging ring; 313. Hook; 32. Anchor; 33. Roof support; 4. Tamping unit; 5. Hydraulic support; 6. Chamber; 7. Coal seam roof. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the process of retaining the roadway along the filling path in this embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:

[0033] S1: Add aggregate to the goaf and allow it to accumulate to a set height. Specifically, the aggregate can be coal gangue, which can be added via a scraper conveyor. Adding aggregate stops when it accumulates to 3 / 4 of the working face height.

[0034] S2: A partition 31 is installed beside the roadway to separate the goaf from the roadway, and then the partition 31 is supported. The partition 31 can be a metal portal partition 31. After the partition 31 is installed, it is laterally supported by a self-moving side-push support.

[0035] S3: Install anchors 32 on the partition plate 31 and extend the anchors 32 into the goaf. The anchors 32 can be anchor cables with a length of 5-8 meters. Anchor holes 311 are provided on the partition plate 31. Leave about 20 centimeters of the tail of the anchor cable and extend the rest into the goaf.

[0036] S4: Compact the piled aggregate, and stop compaction when the aggregate height reaches the design height of the anchor.

[0037] S5: Move anchor 32 to fix the head of anchor 32 to the compacted aggregate. This can be done by clamping the head of the anchor cable with a long clamp and placing it on the surface of the compacted aggregate, or by attaching a short iron skewer to the head of the anchor cable and inserting the skewer into the gaps in the aggregate. These operations do not require workers to enter the goaf area, making them relatively safe.

[0038] S6: Add a binder to the compacted aggregate. The binder can be a self-compacting concrete grout, which can flow into the gaps between the coal gangue aggregate under its own weight, bind the coal gangue aggregate, and cover the anchor cable.

[0039] S7: Continue to add aggregate to the goaf and compact it, then add cementitious agent until the goaf is completely filled.

[0040] In the filling and retaining process of this invention, the partition 31 installed beside the roadway separates the goaf from the roadway, preventing filling material from entering the roadway and leaving roadway space. Simultaneously, the partition 31 provides a certain lateral reaction force to the filling material and shapes the filling body. Under the compaction action of the compaction unit 4, the filling material forms a denser filling body with higher structural strength. Furthermore, the presence of the partition 31 makes the filling body less prone to tipping over. The filling body uses a mixture of aggregate and binder, resulting in high structural strength. The anchor 32 anchors the filling body beside the roadway to the partition 31, improving the integrity and strength of the filling body. The entire process eliminates the need for manual stacking of coal gangue bags, reducing the labor intensity of workers.

[0041] In some embodiments, the anchors 32 are provided in three sets: the first set of anchors 32 is located at the lower part of the partition 31, the second set of anchors 32 is located at the middle part of the partition 31, and the third set of anchors 32 is located at the upper part of the partition 31. The aggregate is compacted to the designed height of the first set of anchors, then the first set of anchors is fixed and a binder is injected. Aggregate is added and compacted to the designed height of the second set of anchors, the second set of anchors is fixed and a binder is injected, aggregate is added and compacted to the designed height of the third set of anchors, the third set of anchors is placed, and a binder is injected. Specifically, the anchors 32 can be anchor cables, and the spacing between each set of anchor cables can be 3-5 meters. Since the anchor cables are pre-embedded, there is no need for drilling and anchoring, making the process more efficient.

[0042] In some embodiments, in step S5, an iron skewer is fixed to the head of the anchor 32, and then the iron skewer is inserted into the gaps in the aggregate. The iron skewer can increase the connection strength between the anchor 32 and the filling material, thereby improving the integrity and strength of the filling material.

[0043] In some embodiments, the process along the filling and retaining tunnel includes step S8: after the cementitious agent beside the tunnel has solidified, a preload is applied to the anchor 32. Specifically, a tray is attached to the tail of the anchor cable, and a preload is applied to improve the anchoring effect.

[0044] In some embodiments, the aggregate is coal gangue aggregate, and / or the binder is self-compacting concrete slurry.

[0045] The following describes the roadway retention system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the roadway filling and retention process of this embodiment includes a transportation unit 1, a delivery unit 2, a roadway side-limiting unit 3, and a compaction unit 4.

[0047] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the transport unit 1 includes a conveyor belt 11 and a flexible conveying pipeline 12. The conveyor belt 11 is used to transport aggregates, and the flexible conveying pipeline 12 is used to transport cementitious agents and early-strength agents. The delivery unit 2 is connected to the transport unit 1 and is used to deliver aggregates, cementitious agents and early-strength agents to the goaf.

[0048] Specifically, the feeding unit 2 is a scraper conveyor, and the aggregate conveyor belt 11 transports coal gangue aggregate to the goaf, connecting with the bottom-discharge scraper conveyor in the goaf. The scraper conveyor feeds coal gangue aggregate into the goaf. The binder can be self-compacting concrete. After the binder is prepared in the binder preparation chamber 6, it is connected to the binder pipeline 21 on the scraper conveyor via a flexible conveying pipeline 12. The early-strength agent is connected to the early-strength agent pipeline 22 on the scraper conveyor via another flexible conveying pipeline 12. The early-strength agent can reduce the curing time of the binder, enabling the filling material to form quickly and have high early strength. The transportation unit 1 can transport materials for roadway filling and goaf filling, making the system compact and simple.

[0049] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the roadway side-confining unit 3 includes a baffle 31 assembly, which is used to fix the roadway side to isolate the goaf and the roadway; the compaction unit 4 is used to compact the aggregate and bring the backfill material into contact with the coal seam roof 7. The baffle 31 assembly may include multiple metal portal baffles 31, and the roadway side-confining body is laterally confined by the metal portal baffles 31. The portal baffles 31 are pushed and limited by self-moving side-pushing supports inside the mining roadway. Anchor cables are installed in the roadway side-confining body to increase the integrity of the roadway side-confining body.

[0050] The beneficial effects of setting up the roadway side-confining unit 3 are as follows: The partition 31 can isolate the backfill, preventing coal gangue from entering the mining roadway space; the partition 31, in conjunction with the self-moving side-pushing support, can provide a certain lateral reaction force, forming a dense backfill under the tamping force of the tamping unit 4 behind the hydraulic support 5; the partition 31 can also help shape the backfill, forming a regularly shaped backfill wall. Anchor holes 311 are opened on the portal partition 31. The backfill can be anchored as a whole using anchor cables of 5m to 8m length, improving the integrity and strength of the backfill.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the partition 31 assembly includes multiple partitions 31. Each partition 31 has a hanging ring 312 on one side and a hook 313 on the other side. Adjacent partitions 31 are connected by the hanging ring 312 and the hook 313. The multiple partitions 31 are arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel. The metal portal partitions 31, connected by the hanging rings 312 and the hooks 313, form a continuous baffle structure, helping the filling material form a filling wall.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the roadway side restraint unit 3 includes an anchor 32. The partition plate 31 is provided with anchoring holes 311. The tail end of the anchor 32 is fitted into the anchoring hole 311. The anchor 32 is used to extend into the goaf to anchor the backfill material beside the roadway. The anchor 32 can be an anchor cable. The anchor 32 can anchor the backfill material beside the roadway as a whole, improving the integrity and strength of the backfill material.

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the roadway side limiting unit 3 includes a support member 33, which is used to support the partition plate 31. Specifically, the support member 33 can be a self-moving side-pushing support.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, three sets of anchors 32 are provided, and the three sets of anchors 32 are respectively assembled on the upper, middle and lower parts of the partition plate 31. The three sets of anchors 32 provide better anchoring effect for the roadway side filling body.

[0055] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0056] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0057] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for retaining water along a filling tunnel, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Add aggregate to the goaf area and allow the aggregate to accumulate to a set height; S2: Install partitions along the side of the roadway to separate the goaf from the roadway, and then support the partitions. S3: Install anchors on the partition plate and extend the anchors into the goaf. S4: Compact the piled-up aggregate, and stop compaction when the height of the aggregate reaches the design height of the anchor. S5: Move the anchor to fix the head of the anchor to the tamped aggregate, fix an iron skewer to the head of the anchor, and then insert the iron skewer into the gap of the aggregate. S6: Add a binder to the compacted aggregate; S7: Continue to add the aggregate to the goaf and compact it, then add the cementitious agent until the goaf is completely filled; S8: After the gelling agent beside the alley has solidified, a pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor. The anchors are provided in three sets: the first set of anchors is located at the lower part of the partition, the second set of anchors is located at the middle part of the partition, and the third set of anchors is located at the upper part of the partition. The aggregate is compacted to the designed height of the first set of anchors, then the first set of anchors is fixed and the cementitious agent is injected. The aggregate is added and compacted to the designed height of the second set of anchors. The second set of anchors is fixed and the cementitious agent is injected. The aggregate is added and compacted to the designed height of the third set of anchors. The third set of anchors is placed and the cementitious agent is injected. The aggregate is coal gangue aggregate and the cementitious agent is self-compacting concrete slurry.

2. A filling and retaining system based on the filling and retaining process described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: The transport unit includes a conveyor belt and a flexible conveying pipeline. The conveyor belt is used to transport aggregates, and the flexible conveying pipeline is used to transport binders and early-strength agents. The delivery unit is connected to the transport unit and is used to deliver the aggregate, the binder and the early strength agent into the goaf. A roadway side-limiting unit, the roadway side-limiting unit including a partition assembly, the partition assembly being fixed to the side of the roadway to isolate the goaf and the roadway; A tamping unit is used to tamp the aggregate.

3. The system for retaining fill along the roadway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The partition assembly includes multiple partitions, each partition having a hanging ring on one side and a hook on the other side. Adjacent partitions are connected by the hanging ring and the hook, and the multiple partitions are arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel.

4. The roadway retention system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The roadway side restraint unit includes an anchor, the partition is provided with an anchor hole, the tail of the anchor is fitted into the anchor hole, and the anchor is used to extend into the goaf to anchor the backfill material beside the roadway.

5. The roadway retention system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The roadway side limiting unit includes a support member, which is used to support the partition plate.

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