A damping and mass adjustable vibration damping device and a vibration damping method

Abstract

The application discloses a damping and mass adjustable damping device and damping method, which comprises an upper end plate, a lower end plate, a main container and a spring assembly; the upper end of the main container is fixedly connected with the upper end plate through bolts, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the lower end plate through bolts; the spring assembly is fixedly connected with the middle part of the lower end plate through an upper fixing disc arranged at the upper end of the spring assembly; the lower end of the spring assembly is connected with a damping object through a lower fixing disc arranged at the lower end; the main container is a hollow structure, and a plurality of independent sub-containers are arranged in the main container; the sub-containers are positioned and fixed through end plate bosses arranged on the upper end plate and the lower end plate; a plurality of magnetic particles are arranged in the sub-containers, and an electromagnetic coil is wound outside the sub-containers; the application simultaneously has the characteristics of a power absorber and a particle damper, can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements, and has good broadband vibration performance, real-time adjustability and local adjustability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vibration reduction technology, specifically relating to a vibration reduction device and method with adjustable damping and mass. Background Technology

[0002] Vibration often brings many adverse effects in engineering applications, such as damaging structural components, reducing the accuracy of precision instruments, and affecting the comfort of vehicles. Therefore, vibration reduction technology is widely used in many fields such as aerospace, shipbuilding, vehicles, precision instruments, and bridges.

[0003] Currently, vibration control technology can be divided into three categories: passive control, semi-active control, and active control. Dynamic vibration absorption and particle damping technologies, as common passive vibration control techniques, are widely used and researched due to their simple concept, low cost, good durability, and insensitivity to temperature. Traditional dynamic vibration absorption devices have an effective operating range only at the resonant frequency, and their performance is poor under complex vibration excitation conditions. While particle damping absorbers have good broadband adaptability, they are difficult to effectively control large-amplitude vibration responses under specific damping conditions.

[0004] A patent published by domestic researchers, CN104331541A, proposes a semi-active particle damping vibration reduction system. This system generates a magnetic field by energizing an electromagnetic coil, altering the friction and collision damping between particles, thus giving the particle damper controllable damping characteristics. While this device allows for easy control of the electromagnetic force by changing the current in the electromagnetic coil, the degree to which the electromagnetic force affects damping is difficult to grasp, and it cannot achieve flexible switching between a particle damper and a dynamic vibration absorption device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention designs a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device and method, which combines the features of a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper, and can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements. Taking a thin plate structure as an example, based on the vibration reduction device proposed in this invention, a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction method is provided to solve the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device, comprising: an upper end plate, a lower end plate, a main container, and a spring assembly; the upper end of the main container is fixedly connected to the upper end plate by bolts, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower end plate by bolts; the spring assembly is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end plate by an upper fixing plate provided at the upper end of the spring assembly; the lower end of the spring assembly can be connected to the object to be damped through a lower fixing plate at the lower end; the main container is a hollow structure, with several independent sub-containers inside, the sub-containers being positioned and fixed by end plate bosses provided on the upper and lower end plates, the sub-containers containing several magnetic particles inside, and having electromagnetic coils wound around the outside;

[0007] Furthermore, the main container, sub-container, lower end plate, and upper end plate are made of lightweight, non-magnetic, and non-conductive nylon; the upper and lower fixed plates are made of aluminum alloy; the magnetic particles are soft magnetic materials with a nickel content of 30% to 90%, an iron content of 10% to 60%, and containing molybdenum, chromium, cobalt, and manganese; the electromagnetic coil uses copper core enameled wire, and the outer layer of the coil is wrapped with a polyolefin film.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper and lower fixing plates have an annular gap, the size of which is equal to the spring wire diameter; the length and width of the end plate boss are the same as the internal length and width of the sub-container, and the height of the sub-container is the same as that of the main container.

[0009] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide an application of a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device in the vibration reduction of thin plate structures. The vibration reduction device is distributed and fixed on the upper end of the thin plate structure. It is connected to an electromagnetic coil outside the sub-container of the vibration reduction device through a multi-channel power supply. A sensor is set on the upper end of the thin plate structure and is closely attached to the vibration reduction device. The sensor and the multi-channel power supply are electrically connected to a controller.

[0010] The application method of a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device is as follows:

[0011] The vibration of the object being damped is monitored in real time by sensors. The controller controls the output of multiple power channels based on the vibration response, so that each damping device has the characteristics of a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper. The controller can also adjust the damping and mass of each damping device according to the actual situation, thereby improving the vibration response of the thin plate structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the main container has 6 cable outlet holes on its side wall, the sub-containers and electromagnetic coils have a total of 6 holes, and there are at least 9 sensors.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0014] Wideband vibration performance: When the magnetic particles of the vibration damping device are in a discrete state, they have the combined characteristics of a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper, and have good nonlinear characteristics, which enables them to effectively reduce vibration in a wide frequency range. When the vibration damping device is energized, the magnetic particles have multiple states, which can meet the dynamic vibration absorption requirements of the vibration damping object at different resonance frequencies.

[0015] Real-time adjustability: The controller can monitor and analyze vibration signals in real time, and adjust the energization of the electromagnetic coil according to the real-time information of the sensor. This real-time capability enables the vibration damping device to quickly respond to changes in vibration response and adjust the state of magnetic particles in a timely manner, thereby more effectively reducing vibration interference.

[0016] Local adjustability: The vibration damping devices are distributed according to the excitation point, vibration mode and local importance of the vibration damping object, and multiple sub-containers are arranged inside the main container of each vibration damping device. The coil outside each sub-container can be independently controlled, which aims to regulate the movement of magnetic particles in a zone, so as to achieve targeted local control of the vibration response of the vibration damping object. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a sub-container and magnetic particles of a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end plate of a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a spring-fixed disc of a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration reduction method using a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration reduction method for a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device.

[0025] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0026] 1-Upper end plate, 2-Outlet hole, 3-Main container, 4-Bolt, 5-Nut, 6-Lower end plate, 7-Spring, 8-Electromagnetic coil, 9-Sub-container, 10-Magnetic particles, 11-Upper fixing plate, 12-Lower fixing plate, 13-Fixing plate gap, 14-End plate boss, 15-Multi-channel power supply, 16-Wire, 17-Vibration damping device, 18-Sensor, 19-Thin plate structure, 20-Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0027] This invention discloses a damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device and method, comprising: an upper end plate 1, a lower end plate 6, a main container 3, and a spring 7 assembly; the upper end of the main container 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end plate 1 by bolts 4, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower end plate 6 by bolts 4; the spring 7 assembly is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end plate 6 by an upper fixing plate 11 provided at the upper end of the spring 7 assembly; the lower end of the spring 7 assembly can be connected to the object to be damped through a lower fixing plate 12 at the lower end; the main container 3 has a hollow structure and is provided with several independent sub-containers 9 inside; the sub-containers 9 are positioned and fixed by end plate protrusions 14 provided on the upper end plate 1 and the lower end plate 6; the sub-containers 9 are filled with several magnetic particles 10 inside and have electromagnetic coils 8 wound around the outside;

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Please see Figure 1-5 In this embodiment, the lower fixed plate 12 of the vibration damping device is connected to the vibration damping object by adhesive bonding or welding; the size of the fixed plate gap 13 is the same as the wire diameter of the spring 7, and the two ends of the spring 7 are fixed by filling the fixed plate gap 13 with hot melt adhesive, thereby realizing the connection between the spring 7 and the lower fixed plate 12, and between the spring 7 and the upper fixed plate 11; the main container 3 is connected to the lower end plate 6 and the upper end plate 1 by bolts 4 and nuts 5, and has 6 wire outlet holes 2 for connecting the electromagnetic coil 8 inside the sub-container 9; the sub-container 9 The sub-container 9 is placed inside the main container 3 and positioned and fixed by the end plate protrusions 14 of the upper end plate 1 and the lower end plate 6. When fixed, the end plate protrusions 14 can just fix it, preventing the sub-container 9 from shaking inside the main container 3 during use. The sub-container 9 contains magnetic particles 10 inside and is wound with electromagnetic coils 8 on the outside. The state of the magnetic particles 10 is controlled by the electromagnetic force generated by the energization or de-energization of the electromagnetic coils 8, so that the damping and mass are adjustable. Each electromagnetic coil 8 is connected to an external wire 16 through a wire outlet hole 2.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] like Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, in the example where the thin plate structure 19 is the vibration damping object, the vibration damping device is distributed and fixed on the upper end of the thin plate structure 19; the electromagnetic coil 8 outside the sub-container 9 of the vibration damping device is connected to the multi-channel power supply 15; the sensor 18 is set on the upper end of the thin plate structure 19 and is close to the vibration damping device; the sensor 18 and the multi-channel power supply 15 are electrically connected to the controller 20.

[0032] The multi-channel power supply 15, vibration damping devices, sensors 18, and controller 20 are connected via wires 16 for signal and current transmission. The output of the multi-channel power supply 15 can be rapidly adjusted under the control of the controller 20 based on the vibration response of the thin plate structure 19 measured by the sensors 18. In this embodiment, the nine vibration damping devices are arranged on the upper part of the thin plate structure 19 according to its excitation point, mode, and local importance to specifically reduce local deformation and protect critical parts of the equipment. Simultaneously, the vibration damping devices possess the vibration damping characteristics of both dynamic vibration absorbers and particle dampers, and can improve vibration damping efficiency based on the real-time vibration response of the thin plate structure 19.

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, there are nine locations on the thin plate structure 19 that require attention, corresponding to nine vibration damping devices and nine sensors 18. Under vibration excitation, the vibration response at each location is monitored in real time, and the controller 20 judges and processes the signals to determine the current output of the multi-channel power supply 15, thereby changing the working state of the vibration damping device. The vibration damping device combines the characteristics of a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper, controlling the state of the magnetic particles 10 under the action of the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil 8, so that the damping and mass have adjustable capabilities. At the same time, according to actual needs, the number of magnetic particles 10 in each sub-container 9 can be different, and they can be arranged in an array or linearly distributed, etc., which makes the vibration damping device have more flexible and diverse adjustment methods to improve the response of the vibration damping object under broadband vibration excitation.

[0034] Specifically, when the object to be vibrated is under non-resonant small amplitude conditions, the electromagnetic coil 8 is completely inactive. The total mass of the spring 7 and above, along with the magnetic particles 10, is rationally configured to act as a passive vibration damping device with both dynamic vibration absorption and particle damping, satisfying most of the vibration reduction requirements of the thin plate structure 19 at the installation locations of the various vibration absorption devices. When the object to be vibrated is under non-resonant large amplitude conditions, the electromagnetic coil 8 is energized and operates in a low-power state. The magnetic particles 10 are magnetized, but the magnetism is relatively weak, and there is still a significant amount of relative motion between the magnetic particles 10. The vibration damping device still possesses the characteristics of a particle damper, and the damping is increased compared to the previous situation. When the object to be vibrated is under a certain level of vibration... At the resonant frequency, some or all of the electromagnetic coils 8 operate, and the magnetic particles 10 in the sub-container 9 are magnetized and condensed. The magnetic particles 10 can be considered equivalent to rigid mass blocks, and in conjunction with the spring 7, they possess the characteristics of various dynamic vibration absorbers. Meanwhile, the magnetic particles 10 in the remaining sub-containers 9 are either non-magnetic or weakly magnetic, still possessing relative motion capability. At this time, the dynamic vibration absorption operating frequency of the vibration damping device changes. In this state, combinations can be made based on the number of sub-containers 9 and the number of magnetic particles 10 in each sub-container 9. In this case, six sub-containers 9 are designed, and the number of magnetic particles 10 in each sub-container 9 is different, thus achieving a total of C... 1 6+C 2 6+C 3 6+C 4 6+C 5 6+C 6 The 663 combination methods mean that dynamic vibration absorption can be achieved at 63 resonant frequencies. However, considering the limited space of the sub-container 9 and the fact that the 63 absorption frequencies that can be achieved do not completely coincide with the resonant frequencies of the vibration damping object, the number of effective working frequency points of the vibration damping device will be less than 63, but it still has a good multi-frequency dynamic vibration absorption effect.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] In this embodiment, the main container 3, sub-container 9, lower end plate 6, and upper end plate 1 of the shock absorption device 17 can be made of lightweight, non-magnetic, and non-conductive nylon. The main container 3 has the same number of wire outlet holes 2 as the sub-container 9, and the lower end plate 6 and upper end plate 1 are provided with the same number of end plate bosses 14 as the sub-container 9. The upper fixed plate 11 and lower fixed plate 12 are made of aluminum alloy, which gives them high strength while keeping them lightweight. Both the upper and lower fixed plates 12 are provided with a fixed plate gap 13, the size of which is determined according to the mean diameter and wire diameter of the spring 7. The magnetic particles 10 are made of soft magnetic material with a nickel content of 30% to 90%, an iron content of 10% to 60%, and containing molybdenum, chromium, cobalt, and manganese, which gives them good magnetization and demagnetization properties and improves the response speed of the magnetic particles 10. The electromagnetic coil 8 is made of copper core enameled wire, and a polyolefin film can be wound around the outer layer of the coil to prevent the electromagnetic coil 8 from loosening, reduce friction, and improve reliability.

[0037] Specifically, the number of vibration damping devices and the parameters of each component can be determined according to the location of the object requiring vibration damping and the vibration response at that location. For example, in the example described in this invention, the number, location, and overall mass of the vibration damping devices are determined based on the location of the excitation point, the mode, and the degree of local importance; the number of sub-containers 9 and the degree of difference between the number of magnetic particles 10 and the number of magnetic particles 10 within the container can be set with reference to the modal order of the thin plate structure 19 to achieve better universality.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7The diagram illustrates the principle of the vibration reduction method described in this invention. (a) is a schematic diagram of a dynamic vibration absorber, where the resonance phenomenon of the main structure can be improved by a rigid single mass block; (b) is a schematic diagram of a particle damper, where the response of the main structure can be reduced by the damping provided by friction and collision between particles; (c) is a schematic diagram of a single vibration reduction device proposed in this invention, integrating the vibration reduction characteristics of a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper. Sensor 18 monitors the vibration response of the main structure, and controller 20 controls the current input to the electromagnetic coil 8 according to the response, thereby changing the state of the magnetic particles 10 and realizing the magnitude of mass and damping; (d) is a schematic diagram of the damping and mass adjustment principle of the vibration reduction device. When the electromagnetic coil 8 is completely inactive, the magnetic particles 10 are not under force and are in a discrete state, and the vibration absorber only has the working characteristics of a particle damper; when the electromagnetic coil 8 is low... When the power is working, the magnetic particles 10 are subjected to weak magnetic force but still have the ability to move. The vibration absorption device only has the working characteristics of a particle damper, and the damping is greater when the electromagnetic coil 8 is not working at all. When the electromagnetic coil 8 outside some of the sub-containers 9 is working, some of the magnetic particles 10 are subjected to strong magnetic force and are in a condensed state, while other magnetic particles 10 are not subjected to force but still have the ability to move. The vibration absorption device has the working characteristics of both a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper. When all the electromagnetic coils 8 are working at high power, all the magnetic particles 10 are subjected to strong magnetic force and are in a condensed state. The vibration absorption device only has the working characteristics of a dynamic vibration absorber. (e) is a schematic diagram of the array principle of vibration damping devices with different parameters on the thin plate structure 19. The number, size, and array method of the vibration absorption devices are reasonably designed based on the excitation point, mode, and local importance of the vibration damping object (here, the thin plate structure 19).

[0040] The operating principle of this invention is as follows: First, the vibration damping device is fixed to the object to be damped, and then the sensor 18 is arranged close to the vibration damping device; the specific installation of each device is as follows. Figure 7As shown in (c), the vibration reduction features of the integrated dynamic vibration absorber (a) and particle damper (b) are achieved. The vibration response of the main structure is monitored by sensor 18, and the controller 20 controls the current input to the electromagnetic coil 8 according to the response, thereby changing the state of the magnetic particles 10 and realizing the magnitude of mass and damping. When the vibration-damping object is under non-resonant small amplitude, the electromagnetic coil 8 is completely inactive, and the total mass above the spring 7 and the magnetic particles 10 are reasonably configured. At this time, the structure above the spring 7 except for the magnetic particles 10 provides mass with dynamic vibration absorption characteristics, and the discrete magnetic particles 10 provide damping with particle damping characteristics, with particle vibration absorption characteristics as the main feature, which can meet most of the vibration reduction requirements of the thin plate structure 19. When under non-resonant large amplitude, the electromagnetic coil 8 is energized and operates at low power, and the magnetic particles Particle 10 is magnetized and subjected to a small magnetic force, but the magnetism is weak at this time. There is still a lot of relative motion between the magnetic particles 10. The vibration damping device still has the characteristics of a particle damper, and the damping is increased compared to when the vibration damping device is subjected to vibration excitation. When the vibration damping object is at a certain resonant frequency, some or all of the electromagnetic coils 8 work at high power. The magnetic particles 10 in the sub-container 9 are magnetized and form various combinations of condensed states. At the same time, the magnetic particles 10 in the other sub-containers 9 are not magnetic or have weak magnetism and still have relative motion capability. However, at this time, the dynamic vibration absorption working frequency of the vibration damping device changes. (e) is a schematic diagram of the array principle of vibration damping devices with different parameters on the thin plate structure 19. The number, size, and array method of the vibration absorption devices are reasonably designed according to the excitation point, mode, and local importance of the vibration damping object. In general, this device can adjust the corresponding damping and mass according to the vibration of different frequencies received by the vibration damping device to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction.

[0041] As described above, this is merely one embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device, characterized in that, include: Upper end plate, lower end plate, main container, spring assembly; The upper end of the main container is fixedly connected to the upper end plate by bolts, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower end plate by bolts; the spring assembly is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end plate by an upper fixing plate at the upper end of the spring assembly; the lower end of the spring assembly can be connected to the object to be damped by a lower fixing plate at the lower end; the main container is a hollow structure with several independent sub-containers inside, and the sub-containers are positioned and fixed by end plate bosses on the upper and lower end plates. The sub-containers contain several magnetic particles inside and are wound with electromagnetic coils on the outside; The main container, sub-container, lower end plate, and upper end plate are made of lightweight, non-magnetic, and non-conductive nylon; the upper and lower fixing plates are made of aluminum alloy; the electromagnetic coil uses copper core enameled wire, and the outer layer of the coil is wrapped with polyolefin film. The upper and lower fixing plates have annular gaps, the size of which is equal to the spring wire diameter; the length and width of the end plate boss are the same as the internal length and width of the sub-container, and the height of the sub-container is the same as that of the main container. Specifically, the damping and mass are adjustable as follows: when the electromagnetic coil is completely inactive, the magnetic particles are unaffected and in a discrete state, and the vibration absorption device only exhibits the working characteristics of a particle damper; when the electromagnetic coil operates at low power, the magnetic particles are subjected to weak magnetic force but still possess the ability to move, and the vibration absorption device only exhibits the working characteristics of a particle damper, with the damping being greater than when the electromagnetic coil is completely inactive; when the electromagnetic coils outside some sub-containers are operating, some magnetic particles are subjected to strong magnetic force and in a condensed state, while other magnetic particles are unaffected but still possess the ability to move, and the vibration absorption device simultaneously exhibits the working characteristics of a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper; when all electromagnetic coils operate at high power, all magnetic particles are subjected to strong magnetic force and in a condensed state, and the vibration absorption device only exhibits the working characteristics of a dynamic vibration absorber.

2. The application of the damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device as described in claim 1 in vibration reduction of thin plate structures.

3. The application as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The vibration damping devices are distributed and fixed on the upper end of the thin plate structure. They are connected to the electromagnetic coil outside the sub-container of the vibration damping device through a multi-channel power supply. A sensor is set on the upper end of the thin plate structure, and the sensor is in close contact with the vibration damping device. The sensor and the multi-channel power supply are electrically connected to the controller.

4. The application as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The sensor monitors the vibration of each location of the vibration damping object in real time. The controller controls the multi-channel power output according to the vibration response, so that each vibration damping device has the characteristics of a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper. It can also adjust the damping and mass of each vibration damping device according to the different frequencies of vibration it is subjected to, thereby improving the vibration response of the thin plate structure.

5. The application of the damping and mass-adjustable vibration reduction device as described in claim 1 in horizontal platforms and equipment skins.

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