Method of preparing standardized c-shaped root canal tooth

Abstract

This invention provides a method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth. The C-shaped root canal teeth are classified based on multiple two-dimensional cross-sectional images of multiple teeth. Among the multiple teeth, the teeth that match the average values ​​of crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length measured from the CBCT three-dimensional images of multiple teeth are selected as standardized three-dimensional standard images. The C-shaped root canal teeth are then three-dimensionally printed based on the three-dimensional standard images and the two-dimensional cross-sectional images of the three-dimensional standard images.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth, and more specifically, to a method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth by 3D printing based on image information of multiple teeth. Background Technology

[0002] Dental caries is one of the three major chronic diseases with a very high incidence rate. When caries progresses, in addition to simple restorative treatment, root canal treatment is also required.

[0003] In root canal treatment, the success rate has gradually improved with the development of tools and materials used. However, various variations in root canal shape are directly related to the treatment failure rate, and root canal treatment failure can lead to tooth loss.

[0004] In particular, C-shaped root canals, a root canal variation first reported by Cooke and Cox in 1979, are among the teeth with a high failure rate in root canal treatment because they are difficult to accurately form or fill.

[0005] C-shaped root canals appear as C-shaped root canals on the tooth root section. The pulp cavity is relatively deep, forming a C-shaped root canal entrance that includes the proximal buccal root canal to the distal root canal or the proximal lingual root canal to the proximal buccal and distal root canals.

[0006] Although the aforementioned C-shaped root canals are sometimes present in the maxillary molars or the mandibular first molars, they are mainly present in the mandibular second molars.

[0007] Because tools are difficult to access the second mandibular molar, and it is difficult to ensure mouth opening space during treatment, this is a difficult area for root canal treatment. Moreover, when a root canal variation called a C-shaped root canal occurs, not only does the treatment become more difficult, but the possibility of failure also increases.

[0008] Recently, the technology of 3D printing teeth or root canals using imaging data has been gradually developing. However, data related to C-shaped root canals is scarce, making root canal preparation difficult. Therefore, in terms of both location and root canal shape, the C-shaped root canal of the mandibular second molar is the most challenging case. Furthermore, it is difficult to obtain experimental subjects for evaluating dental materials or treatment methods; that is, it is difficult to obtain C-shaped root canal teeth. Consequently, accurate evaluation cannot currently be performed.

[0009] Patent Document 1: Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0109412 (October 8, 2018) Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Publication No. 5689272 (February 6, 2015) Summary of the Invention Technical issues To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for three-dimensionally printing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth by investigating the average crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length based on data from 2508 mandibular second molars with C-shaped root canals measured from two-dimensional cross-sectional images and three-dimensional stereoscopic images of multiple teeth, and analyzing the shape of the C-shaped root canals.

[0010] The technical objectives to be achieved by this invention are not limited to those mentioned above. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains can clearly understand other technical objectives not mentioned through the following description.

[0011] Technical solutions To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth, comprising: a) acquiring two-dimensional cross-sectional images of multiple teeth and multiple cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) three-dimensional images; b) measuring the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length in a panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image of a mandibular second molar with C-shaped root canals; c) confirming the expressiveness of each root canal type in the CBCT three-dimensional image of the mandibular second molar with the aforementioned C-shaped root canals; d) determining the length of the main parts by analyzing the cross-section of the root canal initiation and the cross-section 5 mm from the root apex in the CBCT three-dimensional image; e) calculating the crown length using a computing device. The average values ​​of the root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, root canal length, and length of the main parts are analyzed. Step f: The deep learning unit analyzes the above panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image and CBCT three-dimensional image to select the CBCT three-dimensional image of the mandibular second molar that approximately matches the average values ​​of the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length as the three-dimensional standard image. Step g: The three-dimensional standard image is designed by modifying it according to the average length of the main parts. Step h: A three-dimensional printer prepares a tooth with root canals designed into a standardized C-shaped root canal shape.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step a above, the tooth may be the second mandibular molar.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the two-dimensional cross-sectional image is a cross-sectional image of the beginning of the root canal of the tooth or the portion 5 mm away from the root tip of the tooth in the tooth's upright state, and the CBCT three-dimensional image can be an appearance image of the tooth.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step c includes: step c1, whereby the deep learning unit determines whether the C-shaped root canal exists inside the plurality of teeth based on whether the first intermediate region thickness, the distal end thickness, the second intermediate region thickness, and the intermediate wall thickness exist in the plurality of two-dimensional cross-sectional images; step c2, whereby the deep learning unit classifies two-dimensional cross-sectional images containing the C-shaped root canal from the plurality of two-dimensional cross-sectional images; and step c3, whereby the deep learning unit classifies CBCT three-dimensional images containing the C-shaped root canal from the plurality of CBCT three-dimensional images into CBCT three-dimensional images containing the C-shaped root canal. When the first intermediate region thickness, the distal end thickness, the second intermediate region thickness, and the intermediate wall thickness all exist in the two-dimensional cross-sectional image, the deep learning unit determines that the C-shaped root canal exists in the two-dimensional cross-sectional image. When one of the first intermediate region thickness, the distal end thickness, the second intermediate region thickness, and the intermediate wall thickness does not exist in the two-dimensional cross-sectional image, the deep learning unit determines that the C-shaped root canal does not exist in the two-dimensional cross-sectional image.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step c2 above, the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image of the deep learning partial class having the C-shaped root canal can occupy 35.3% of the plurality of panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step d above may include: step d1, measuring the thickness of a first intermediate zone in the plurality of two-dimensional cross-sectional images, wherein the thickness of the first intermediate zone is the shortest distance between the inner side of the cementum and the C-shaped root canal; step d2, measuring the thickness of the distal zone in the plurality of two-dimensional cross-sectional images, wherein the thickness of the distal zone is the shortest distance between the concave side of the cementum and the C-shaped root canal; step d3, measuring the thickness of a second intermediate zone in the plurality of two-dimensional cross-sectional images, wherein the thickness of the second intermediate zone is the shortest distance between the other inner side of the cementum (facing the inner side of the cementum) and the C-shaped root canal; and step d4, measuring the thickness of the middle wall in the plurality of two-dimensional cross-sectional images. The thickness of the intermediate wall is the shortest distance between the concave side of the dental cartilage and the surface facing the concave side of the dental cartilage; and step d5, transmitting the thickness of the first intermediate region, the thickness of the distal end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, and the thickness of the intermediate wall of the plurality of two-dimensional cross-sectional images to the deep learning unit.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step e above, the average value of the crown length calculated by the computing device is 5.96 mm, the average value of the root length is 13.65 mm, the average value of the crown width is 11.30 mm, the average value of the pulp chamber length is 3.16 mm, and the average value of the root canal length is 8.83 mm.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the two-dimensional cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional standard image is a two-dimensional standard image, and the above-mentioned step h may include: step h1, the three-dimensional printer receiving the three-dimensional standard image, the two-dimensional standard image, and the thickness of the first intermediate region, the thickness of the distal end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, and the thickness of the intermediate wall of the two-dimensional standard image from the deep learning unit; step h2, the three-dimensional printer modeling a three-dimensional C-shaped root canal and a three-dimensional tooth based on the two-dimensional standard image, the thickness of the first intermediate region, the thickness of the distal end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, the thickness of the intermediate wall, and the three-dimensional standard image; and step h3, the three-dimensional printer three-dimensionally printing a tooth reflecting the C-shaped root canal based on the modeling shape information of the three-dimensional C-shaped root canal and the three-dimensional tooth.

[0019] Furthermore, in order to achieve the above objectives, the standardized C-shaped root canal teeth provided by the present invention are made by the above-described method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the teeth described above can be standardized teeth.

[0021] The effects of the invention The present invention with the above structure has the following effects: it can classify C-shaped root canal teeth based on multiple two-dimensional cross-sectional images of multiple teeth; and among the multiple teeth, the teeth that match the average values ​​of crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length measured from the CBCT three-dimensional images of multiple teeth are selected as standardized three-dimensional standard images. Based on the three-dimensional standard images and the two-dimensional cross-sectional images of the three-dimensional standard images, the C-shaped root canal teeth are 3D printed and provided to trainees, thereby enabling trainees to perform fair assessments based on the same standardized sample of C-shaped root canal teeth.

[0022] The effects of this invention are not limited to those described above, but should be understood to include all effects that can be derived from the specific description of this invention or the inventive structure described in the claims of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 The flowchart illustrates a method for preparing a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view showing the type of root canal present inside the second molar.

[0025] Figure 3 To show Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the C-shaped root canal and the cementum surrounding the C-shaped root canal.

[0026] Figure 4 Parts (a) and (b) are diagrams illustrating a method for preparing a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method uses a deep learning unit to display three-dimensional standard images in multiple CBCT three-dimensional images that approximately match the average value of the crown length, the average value of the root length, the average value of the crown width, the average value of the pulp chamber length, and the average value of the root canal length.

[0027] Figures 5 to 11 The diagram illustrates the C-shaped root canal and the three-dimensional modeling process of the C-shaped root canal tooth in a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth preparation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 Parts (a) and (b) are perspective views of a C-shaped root canal and a C-shaped root canal tooth shown in one direction in a method for preparing a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention. The C-shaped root canal is modeled based on a three-dimensional standard image that does not reflect the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length and root canal length.

[0029] Figure 13 Parts (a) and (b) are perspective views of a C-shaped root canal and a C-shaped root canal tooth, shown in one direction, in a method for preparing a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention. The C-shaped root canal is modeled based on a three-dimensional standard image reflecting and modifying the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length.

[0030] Figure 14 Parts (a) and (b) are for displaying the surrounding area in one direction. Figure 13 A three-dimensional model of the dentin of the C-shaped root canal shown in parts (a) and (b).

[0031] Figure 15 To show that Figure 12 The cross-sectional views of the root canal and tooth shown in parts (a) and (b) are of the C-shaped root canal and the tooth, which are transversely cut from the orifice.

[0032] Figure 16 To show that Figure 12 The (a) and (b) sections show a cross-sectional view of the C-shaped root canal and the tooth, which is transversely cut 5 mm from the root apex of the tooth.

[0033] Figure 17To show that Figure 13 The cross-sectional views of the root canal and tooth shown in parts (a) and (b) are of the C-shaped root canal and the tooth, which are transversely cut from the orifice.

[0034] Figure 18 To show that Figure 13 The (a) and (b) sections show a cross-sectional view of the C-shaped root canal and the tooth, which is transversely cut 5 mm from the root apex of the tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0035] According to the preferred embodiment, the method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth provided by the present invention includes: step a, acquiring two-dimensional cross-sectional images of multiple teeth and multiple CBCT three-dimensional images; step b, measuring the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length in a panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image of a mandibular second molar with C-shaped root canals; step c, confirming the expressiveness of each root canal type in the CBCT three-dimensional image of the mandibular second molar with the above-mentioned C-shaped root canals; step d, measuring the length of the main parts by analyzing the cross-section of the root canal initiation and the cross-section 5 mm away from the root apex in the CBCT three-dimensional image; step e, calculating the average crown length, root length, and root canal length using a computing device. The average root length, average crown width, average pulp chamber length, average root canal length, and average length of the main parts are calculated; step f, the deep learning unit analyzes the above panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image and CBCT three-dimensional image to select the CBCT three-dimensional image of the mandibular second molar that approximately matches the average crown length, average root length, average crown width, average pulp chamber length, and average root canal length as the three-dimensional standard image; step g, the three-dimensional standard image is designed by modifying it according to the average length of the main parts; and step h, a three-dimensional printer prepares a tooth with root canals designed into a standardized C-shaped root canal shape.

[0036] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways, and is therefore not limited to the embodiments described herein. Furthermore, parts unrelated to the description have been omitted from the drawings for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and similar reference numerals have been used for similar parts throughout this specification.

[0037] Throughout this specification, when it is stated that one part is "connected (joined, contacted, combined)" with another part, it not only indicates a "direct connection" but may also include cases where there is an "indirect connection" with other components in between. Furthermore, when it is stated that a part "includes" a structural element, unless there is a specific statement to the contrary, it means that other structural elements are also included, not excluded.

[0038] In this specification, the terminology used is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the invention. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, singular expressions include plural expressions. In this specification, terms such as "comprising" or "having" are used only to specify the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, structural elements, components, or combinations thereof described in this specification, and do not preclude the presence or additional possibilities of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, structural elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0039] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In teeth, variations such as C-shaped root canals are mainly seen in the second molar of the mandible, which often leads to root canal treatment failures.

[0041] Therefore, in view of the above circumstances, the present invention is provided.

[0042] Figure 1 The flowchart illustrates a method for preparing a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view showing the type of root canal present inside the second molar. Figure 3 To show Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the C-shaped root canal and the cementum surrounding the C-shaped root canal.

[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 3A method for preparing a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a) acquiring two-dimensional cross-sectional images of multiple teeth and multiple CBCT three-dimensional images (step S100); b) measuring the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length in a panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image of a mandibular second molar with C-shaped root canals (step S200); c) confirming the expressiveness of each root canal type in the CBCT three-dimensional image of the mandibular second molar with C-shaped root canals (step S300); d) determining the length of the main part by analyzing the cross-section of the root canal initiation and the cross-section 5 mm away from the root apex in the CBCT three-dimensional image (step S400); e) calculating the average crown length using a computing device. Step S500: The average length of the tooth root, the average width of the tooth crown, the average length of the pulp chamber, the average length of the root canal, and the average length of the main parts; Step f: The deep learning unit selects the CBCT three-dimensional image of the mandibular second molar that approximately matches the average length of the tooth crown, the average length of the tooth root, the average width of the tooth crown, the average length of the pulp chamber, and the average length of the root canal as the three-dimensional standard image by analyzing the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image and the CBCT three-dimensional image (Step S600); Step g: The three-dimensional standard image is designed by modifying it according to the average length of the main parts (Step S700); and Step h: The three-dimensional printer prepares the tooth with the root canal designed into a standardized C-shaped root canal shape (Step S800).

[0044] In this context, the CBCT device, as a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) device, takes pictures of the subject from three to four directions around the subject, and then uses a computer program to synthesize the various images to obtain panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images and CBCT three-dimensional images, which are mainly used in dentistry.

[0045] Specifically, in step a above, the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image and the CBCT three-dimensional image are panoramic images of the same tooth. In this case, the tooth is the mandibular second molar.

[0046] Next, in step b above, the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length are measured from multiple CBCT three-dimensional images with C-shaped root canals.

[0047] In this invention, the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length of 2508 mandibular second molars were measured using CBCT three-dimensional images.

[0048] Among them, crown length, root length, crown width, pulp cavity length, and root canal length refer to the lengths of the crown, root, pulp cavity, and root canal that make up a tooth. These are common knowledge, so their details will be omitted.

[0049] The crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length measured from multiple CBCT 3D images are transmitted to the computing device.

[0050] Subsequently, step c above includes: step c1, where the deep learning unit determines whether a C-shaped root canal exists inside multiple teeth based on the presence of a first intermediate region thickness, a distal end thickness, a second intermediate region thickness, and an intermediate wall thickness in multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images; step c2, where the deep learning unit classifies panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images with C-shaped root canals from multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images; and step c3, where the deep learning unit classifies CBCT three-dimensional images of panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images with C-shaped root canals from multiple CBCT three-dimensional images into CBCT three-dimensional images with C-shaped root canals.

[0051] In this invention, panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images of 2508 mandibular second molars were captured. Based on the root canal shape, it was confirmed that the following existed in the 2508 panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images: Figure 2 The various root canals shown.

[0052] exist Figure 2 Among the root canal shapes shown, the panoramic 2D cross-sectional images with C-shaped root canals, which were partially classified by deep learning, accounted for 35.3% of the multiple panoramic 2D cross-sectional images.

[0053] Relatedly, the deep learning department performs deep learning based on multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images and follows the procedure as follows: Figure 2 The method shown classifies root canal types. For example... Figure 2 As shown, C1 morphology C-shaped root canals accounted for 35.3% of the total, accounting for the highest proportion, followed by C3 (21.6%) and C2 (21.8%).

[0054] Specifically, when the thickness of the first intermediate region, the thickness of the distal end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, and the thickness of the intermediate wall are all present in the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image, the deep learning unit determines that the C-shaped root canal exists in the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image.

[0055] On the other hand, if any one of the thickness of the first intermediate region, the thickness of the distal end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, and the thickness of the intermediate wall is not present in the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image, the deep learning unit determines that the C-shaped root canal does not exist in the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image.

[0056] For example, if the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image does not have a second intermediate region thickness L2, then a structure like the one formed inside the tooth captured by the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image will appear. Figure 3The C3(d) morphology root canal shown above, even in Table 1, only has the C3(d) morphology root canal, without the value of the thickness L2 of the second intermediate region.

[0057] In step c2 above, the deep learning unit classifies panoramic 2D cross-sectional images containing C-shaped root canals from multiple panoramic 2D cross-sectional images. Additionally, it can also separately classify various root canals other than C-shaped root canals according to... Figure 2 The method shown distinguishes different types of root canals.

[0058] The aforementioned deep learning unit transmits multiple CBCT three-dimensional images of C-shaped root canals to the measurement device.

[0059] On the other hand, in this invention, although the deep learning unit classifies according to root canal type, when multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images are displayed on the display unit (not shown), they can be classified by the user's naked eye.

[0060] Then, refer to Figure 3 The above-mentioned step d includes: step d1, measuring the first intermediate zone thickness in multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images, the first intermediate zone thickness being the shortest distance between the inner surface of the cementum and the C-shaped root canal; step d2, measuring the distal zone thickness in multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images, the distal zone thickness being the shortest distance between the concave surface of the cementum and the C-shaped root canal; step d3, measuring the second intermediate zone thickness in multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images, the second intermediate zone thickness being the shortest distance between the other inner surface of the cementum facing the inner surface of the cementum and the C-shaped root canal; step d4, measuring the middle wall thickness in multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images, the middle wall thickness being the shortest distance between the concave surface of the cementum and the surface facing the concave surface of the cementum; and step d5, transmitting the first intermediate zone thickness, distal zone thickness, second intermediate zone thickness, and middle wall thickness of the multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images to the deep learning unit.

[0061] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, relative to the orifice of the root canal and the cross-section 5 mm from the root apex, the lengths of each major part are the first intermediate zone thickness, the distal zone thickness, the second intermediate zone thickness, and the middle wall thickness.

[0062] In the image obtained in step d above, the length of each major part can be automatically determined using equipment used for panoramic photography.

[0063] The thicknesses of the first intermediate region, the distal end, the second intermediate region, and the intermediate wall of the aforementioned multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images, multiple CBCT three-dimensional images, and multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images can be transmitted to the deep learning unit.

[0064] Next, in step e above, the computing device calculates the average length of the crown, the average length of the root, the average width of the crown, the average length of the pulp chamber, the average length of the root canal, and the average length of the main parts.

[0065] Table 1

[0066] Table 1 shows the order according to Figure 2 The shapes of each root canal shown are calculated by the arithmetic unit. Figure 3 The average values ​​of the thickness L1 of the first intermediate region, the average value of the thickness L2 of the distal end, the average value of the thickness L3 of the second intermediate region, and the average value of the thickness L4 of the intermediate wall are shown.

[0067] Furthermore, Table 2 shows the average values ​​of crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length calculated by the computing device.

[0068] Table 2

[0069] As shown in Table 2, the average crown length calculated by the above-mentioned computing device is 5.96 mm, the average root length is 13.65 mm, the average crown width is 11.30 mm, the average pulp chamber length is 3.16 mm, and the average root canal length is 8.83 mm.

[0070] The aforementioned computing device transmits to the deep learning unit the average length of the crown, the average length of the root, the average width of the crown, the average length of the pulp cavity, the average length of the root canal, and the average length of the main parts.

[0071] Figure 4 Parts (a) and (b) are diagrams illustrating a method for preparing a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method uses a deep learning unit to display three-dimensional standard images in multiple CBCT three-dimensional images that approximately match the average value of the crown length, the average value of the root length, the average value of the crown width, the average value of the pulp chamber length, and the average value of the root canal length.

[0072] In step f above, the deep learning unit receives and processes the average values ​​of the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length transmitted and processed by the computing device.

[0073] Subsequently, among multiple CBCT 3D images with C-shaped root canals, the deep learning unit selected the CBCT 3D image that approximately matched the average value of crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length as the 3D standard image.

[0074] Specifically, among multiple CBCT 3D images with C-shaped root canals, the deep learning unit filters CBCT 3D images with C-shaped root canals that approximately match the lengths listed in Table 2. The filtered CBCT 3D images with C-shaped root canals are then selected as 3D standard images. The 3D standard images selected through the above process are as follows: Figure 4 As shown in parts (a) and (b).

[0075] Figures 5 to 11 The diagram illustrates the C-shaped root canal and the three-dimensional modeling process of the C-shaped root canal tooth in a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth preparation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 Parts (a) and (b) are perspective views of a C-shaped root canal and a C-shaped root canal tooth shown in one direction in a method for preparing a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention. The C-shaped root canal is modeled based on a three-dimensional standard image that does not reflect the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length and root canal length. Figure 13 Parts (a) and (b) are perspective views of a C-shaped root canal and a C-shaped root canal tooth, shown in one direction, in a method for preparing a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention. The C-shaped root canal is modeled based on a three-dimensional standard image reflecting and modifying the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length.

[0076] Then, the above step h includes: step h1, where the 3D printer receives a 3D standard image, a 2D standard image, and the thickness of the first intermediate region, the distal end, the second intermediate region, and the intermediate wall thickness of the 2D standard image from the deep learning unit; step h2, where the 3D printer models a 3D C-shaped root canal and a 3D tooth based on the 2D standard image, the thickness of the first intermediate region, the distal end, the second intermediate region, the intermediate wall thickness, and the 3D standard image; and step h3, where the 3D printer 3D prints a tooth that reflects the C-shaped root canal based on the modeling shape information of the 3D C-shaped root canal and the 3D tooth.

[0077] The above-mentioned h2 step may also include a modeling unit (not shown), which enables the 3D printer to model a 3D C-shaped root canal and a 3D tooth based on a 2D standard image, the thickness of the first intermediate region of the 2D standard image, the thickness of the distal end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, the thickness of the intermediate wall, and the 3D standard image.

[0078] The fabrication process of modeling three-dimensional C-shaped root canals and three-dimensional teeth through the above h2 steps is as follows: Figures 5 to 13 As shown.

[0079] like Figure 5 As shown, in the 3D modeling process, a 3D standard image (3D rendering) of a tooth with a standardized crown, root, pulp cavity, and root canal is selected.

[0080] Next, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, only the mandibular second molar with a C-shaped root canal is isolated in the three-dimensional standard image (shown in green).

[0081] and, Figure 8 The mandibular second molar (shown in green) is shown as a view of the tooth from the axial direction. Figure 9 The sagittal plane of the second mandibular molar (shown in green) is shown, parallel to the front and back of the midline of the body. Figure 10 The coronal plane of the mandibular second molar (shown in green) is shown.

[0082] Figure 14 Parts (a) and (b) are for displaying the surrounding area in one direction. Figure 13 A three-dimensional model of the dentin of the C-shaped root canal shown in parts (a) and (b). Figure 15 To show that Figure 12 The cross-sectional views of the root canal and tooth shown in parts (a) and (b) are of the C-shaped root canal and the tooth, which are transversely cut from the orifice. Figure 16 To show that Figure 12 The (a) and (b) sections show a cross-sectional view of the C-shaped root canal and the tooth, which is transversely cut 5 mm from the root apex of the tooth.

[0083] Subsequently, based on the shape information of the aforementioned second mandibular molar, a structure is formed as follows: Figure 11 The C-shaped root canal tooth 3D model shown above, the above 3D model as follows Figure 12 Part (a) and part (b), Figures 14 to 16 As shown.

[0084] Figure 17 To show that Figure 13The cross-sectional views of the root canal and tooth shown in parts (a) and (b) are of the C-shaped root canal and the tooth, which are transversely cut from the orifice. Figure 18 To show that Figure 13 The (a) and (b) sections show a cross-sectional view of the C-shaped root canal and the tooth, which is transversely cut 5 mm from the root apex of the tooth.

[0085] Then, referring to the average values ​​of crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length recorded in Table 2, the three-dimensional model of the C-shaped root canal tooth was modified. The modified three-dimensional model is as follows: Figure 13 Part (a) and part (b), Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown.

[0086] On the other hand, such as Figures 15 to 18 As shown, the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image is of the root canal's origin (orifice) in the tooth's upright position (see reference). Figure 12 Part (a) and part (b), Figure 13 (a) and (b) portions) or the portion 5 mm from the root apex of the tooth (apex 5 mm) (refer to Figure 12 Part (a) and part (b), Figure 13 The (a) and (b) parts are transversely cut cross-sectional images, while the CBCT three-dimensional images are external images of the teeth.

[0087] Furthermore, the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image of the three-dimensional standard image is a two-dimensional standard image.

[0088] Next, in step h3 above, the 3D printer prepares the C-shaped root canal tooth by 3D printing based on the 3D model of the C-shaped root canal tooth modeled through the above process.

[0089] In this case, the C-shaped root canal tooth prepared as a standardized tooth refers to the second mandibular molar.

[0090] As described above, by preparing the standardized C-shaped root canal teeth of the present invention and providing them to trainees, trainees can perform fair assessments based on C-shaped root canal teeth as identical samples.

[0091] The invention described above is merely illustrative. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can easily modify the invention through other specific embodiments without altering the technical concept or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments described above are merely illustrative at all levels and have no limiting meaning. For example, the structural elements described as a single type can be implemented separately, and similarly, the dispersed structural elements can also be implemented in combination.

[0092] The scope of this invention is presented by the foregoing claims, and all modifications or alternative implementations derived from the meaning, scope and equivalent concepts of the claims are within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A method of preparing a standardized C-shaped root canal tooth, characterized by, include: Step a: Obtain two-dimensional cross-sectional images of multiple teeth and three-dimensional images of multiple cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans; Step b: Determine the crown length, root length, crown width, pulp chamber length, and root canal length in a panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image of the mandibular second molar with a C-shaped root canal; Step c: Confirm the expression of each root canal type in the cone-beam computed tomography three-dimensional image of the mandibular second molar with the above-mentioned C-shaped root canals. Step d involves determining the length of the main part by analyzing the cross-section of the root canal in the three-dimensional image of cone-beam computed tomography and the cross-section at a position 5 mm away from the tooth root tip. In step e, the computing device calculates the average length of the crown, the average length of the root, the average width of the crown, the average length of the pulp chamber, the average length of the root canal, and the average length of the main parts. Step f: The deep learning unit analyzes the above panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image and the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) three-dimensional image to select the CBCT three-dimensional image of the second mandibular molar that approximately matches the average value of the crown length, the average value of the root length, the average value of the crown width, the average value of the pulp chamber length, and the average value of the root canal length as the three-dimensional standard image. Step g involves designing the aforementioned three-dimensional standard image by modifying it according to the average length of the main components; and In step h, the 3D printer prepares the root canals of the teeth designed to be in a standardized C-shaped root canal shape.

2. The method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step a above, the tooth in question is the second mandibular molar.

3. The method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned two-dimensional cross-sectional image is a cross-sectional image of the beginning of the root canal of the tooth or the portion 5 mm away from the root apex of the tooth, cut laterally in the upright position of the tooth. The aforementioned cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) three-dimensional image is an external image of the aforementioned teeth.

4. The method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step c above includes: In step c1, the deep learning unit determines whether the C-shaped root canal exists inside the multiple teeth based on whether the thickness of the first intermediate region, the thickness of the distal end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, and the thickness of the intermediate wall are present in the multiple two-dimensional cross-sectional images. Step c2 involves the deep learning unit classifying two-dimensional cross-sectional images containing the aforementioned C-shaped root canals from multiple two-dimensional cross-sectional images; and In step c3, the deep learning unit classifies the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) three-dimensional images containing the two-dimensional cross-sectional images of the C-shaped root canal from multiple cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) three-dimensional images. When the thickness of the first intermediate region, the thickness of the distal end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, and the thickness of the intermediate wall are all present in the two-dimensional cross-sectional image, the deep learning unit determines that the C-shaped root canal exists in the two-dimensional cross-sectional image. When any one of the above-mentioned first intermediate region thickness, the above-mentioned distal end thickness, the above-mentioned second intermediate region thickness, and the above-mentioned intermediate wall thickness is not present in the above-mentioned two-dimensional cross-sectional image, the above-mentioned deep learning unit determines that the above-mentioned C-shaped root canal does not exist in the above-mentioned two-dimensional cross-sectional image.

5. The method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step c2 above, the panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional image with the C-shaped root canal in the deep learning part class accounts for 35.3% of the above multiple panoramic two-dimensional cross-sectional images.

6. The method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step d above includes: Step d1: The thickness of the first intermediate region is measured in the above-mentioned multiple two-dimensional cross-sectional images. The thickness of the first intermediate region is the shortest distance between the inner side of the cementum and the C-shaped root canal. Step d2 involves measuring the distal end thickness in the aforementioned multiple two-dimensional cross-sectional images. The distal end thickness is the shortest distance between the concave side of the aforementioned cementum and the aforementioned C-shaped root canal. Step d3: The thickness of the second intermediate region is measured in the above-mentioned multiple two-dimensional cross-sectional images. The thickness of the second intermediate region is the shortest distance between the other side of the cementum facing the inner side of the cementum and the C-shaped root canal. Step d4 involves measuring the intermediate wall thickness in the aforementioned multiple two-dimensional cross-sectional images. The intermediate wall thickness is the shortest distance between the concave surface of the dental cementum and the surface facing the concave surface of the dental cementum; and In step d5, the thickness of the first intermediate region, the thickness of the distal end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, and the thickness of the intermediate wall of the plurality of two-dimensional cross-sectional images are transmitted to the deep learning unit.

7. The method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step e above, the average value of the crown length calculated by the above-mentioned computing device is 5.96 mm, the average value of the root length is 13.65 mm, the average value of the crown width is 11.30 mm, the average value of the pulp chamber length is 3.16 mm, and the average value of the root canal length is 8.83 mm.

8. The method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-dimensional cross-sectional image of the above-mentioned three-dimensional standard image is a two-dimensional standard image. The above step h includes: In step h1, the 3D printer receives the 3D standard image, the 2D standard image, and the thickness of the first intermediate region, the thickness of the far end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, and the thickness of the intermediate wall of the 2D standard image from the deep learning unit. In step h2, the 3D printer models a 3D C-shaped root canal and a 3D tooth based on the 2D standard image, the thickness of the first intermediate region of the 2D standard image, the thickness of the distal end, the thickness of the second intermediate region, the thickness of the intermediate wall, and the 3D standard image; and In step h3, the 3D printer uses the modeling shape information of the 3D C-shaped root canal and the 3D tooth to 3D print a tooth that reflects the C-shaped root canal.

9. A standardized C-shaped root canal tooth, characterized in that, It is made by the method for preparing standardized C-shaped root canal teeth according to claim 1.

10. The standardized C-shaped root canal tooth according to claim 9, characterized in that, The teeth mentioned above are standardized teeth.

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