A multi-layer rotary disc type coal powder continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace and a working method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-layer rotary disc type continuous coal powder microwave pyrolysis furnace and a working method thereof. A supporting disc is arranged at the bottom of a protective layer shell of the pyrolysis furnace, and a rotary disc is arranged above the supporting disc. A first control door is arranged at the junction of a charging area and a pyrolysis area, and a second control door is arranged at the junction of the pyrolysis area and a discharging area. A microwave generator is arranged in the pyrolysis area. The rotary disc is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped plates, and the bottom of each fan-shaped plate is provided with a roller. A discharging port is arranged on the supporting disc, the inlet of a receiving bin is arranged at the lower portion of the discharging port, and the inner wall of the receiving bin is arranged as an inclined surface. A feeding port is arranged at the top of the outer portion of the protective layer shell of the pyrolysis furnace, and a scraper for distributing materials is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the protective layer shell of the pyrolysis furnace. The application has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, high pyrolysis efficiency, high safety coefficient of continuous system work, easy control, wide application in the field of coal powder pyrolysis, and wide application in the fields of biomass pyrolysis, waste resource, pollution (soil, etc.) repair, solid-gas separation and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pulverized coal processing technology, and in particular to a multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] Coal accounts for over 70% of primary energy consumption. Low-rank coal resources account for over 60% of total coal resources. This type of coal is characterized by low ash content, low sulfur content, high calorific value, good washability, and excellent coal quality. Therefore, vigorously developing efficient and clean conversion and utilization technologies for low-rank coal, and further extending the industrial chain to produce various chemical products and energy sources such as oil and natural gas, is of great significance to sustainable economic development.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream pyrolysis process for low-rank coal adopts conventional pyrolysis, where heat is transferred from the surface of the material to the interior, while volatile products diffuse from the interior to the exterior. This path is opposite to the direction of heat transfer, which can easily cause secondary cracking of pyrolysis products, resulting in poor pyrolysis effect, uneven heating, and high requirements for the particle size of the raw coal.

[0004] Microwave technology, due to its advantages such as non-contact heating, rapid heating, selective heating, and uniform heating, is widely used in drying, pyrolysis, and other fields. As a novel pyrolysis method for low-rank coal, microwaves can directly radiate into the material, achieving efficient and clean coal conversion. Currently, microwave pyrolysis equipment for coal is mainly intermittent, resulting in low production efficiency, poor operational performance, low resource recovery rates, large footprint, and relatively high equipment investment, making large-scale promotion and application difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal and its operating method. The present invention is an economical and highly efficient multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace that can achieve continuous, efficient, rapid and clean conversion of low-rank pulverized coal, which has important practical significance for the deep processing and utilization of coal.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal includes a drive system and several microwave pyrolysis layers. The drive system includes a vertically arranged drive shaft, and the several microwave pyrolysis layers are spaced and sleeved on the drive shaft. The microwave pyrolysis layer includes a pyrolysis furnace protective shell, a receiving bin, a support plate disposed in the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace protective shell, a turntable for holding materials, a control door, and a microwave generator. The support plate is disposed at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace protective shell, and the turntable is disposed above the support plate. The turntable is coaxially disposed with the drive shaft. The inner cavity of the protective shell of the pyrolysis furnace is divided circumferentially into a charging area, a pyrolysis area, and a discharging area. The control door is installed on the top of the protective shell and can move up and down. The control door includes a first control door and a second control door. The first control door is located at the junction of the charging area and the pyrolysis area, and the second control door is located at the junction of the pyrolysis area and the discharging area. A microwave generator is located in the pyrolysis area and installed on the top of the protective shell of the pyrolysis furnace. An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the protective shell of the pyrolysis furnace at positions corresponding to the pyrolysis area. The turntable is divided into several sector plates, the vertex of each sector plate is connected to the drive shaft, the rotation axis of the sector plate is perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft, and the bottom of the sector plate is provided with rollers that can roll on the support plate. The support plate has a fan-shaped discharge port in the discharge area that allows the fan-shaped plate to enter. The inlet of the receiving bin is installed at the lower part of the discharge port. The inner wall of the receiving bin is set as an inclined surface that can support the bottom roller of the fan-shaped plate. The outlet of the receiving bin extends to the outside of the protective shell of the pyrolysis furnace. The top of the outer shell of the pyrolysis furnace protective layer is provided with a feed inlet at the corresponding position of the charging area, and the top of the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace protective layer is provided with a scraper for material distribution at the position between the feed inlet and the first control door.

[0007] Preferably, the discharge port is fan-shaped, the central angle of the discharge port is larger than the central angle of the fan-shaped plate, and the central angle of the fan-shaped segment on the support plate between the edge of the discharge port near the loading area and the loading area is not smaller than the central angle of the fan-shaped plate. The top of the protective shell of the pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a coke unloading brush and a strong air blower above the side of the discharge port near the charging area. The strong air blower is located between the coke unloading brush and the edge of the discharge port near the charging area. The coke unloading brush is used to brush the pyrolysis products on the surface of the fan-shaped plate into the discharge port, and the strong air blower is used to blow the residual pyrolysis products of the fan-shaped plate into the discharge port.

[0008] Preferably, a cleaning brush is provided at the bottom of the fan-shaped plate along the small end apex to the arc edge, and a waste residue collection port is provided on the support plate at the end of the pyrolysis zone. The waste residue collection port extends from the center of the support plate to the edge of the support plate, and a waste residue collection device is connected to the bottom of the waste residue collection port on the support plate.

[0009] Preferably, the rollers are provided at both corners of the arc at the bottom of the fan-shaped plate.

[0010] Preferably, a sleeve is fitted around the drive shaft, the sleeve is fixedly installed, the outer shell of the pyrolysis furnace protective layer of all microwave pyrolysis layers is fitted on the sleeve and fixedly connected to the sleeve, and the sleeve has an annular slit at a position flush with the turntable for the apex of the fan-shaped plate to pass through. The support plate has a central hole, through which it is fitted onto the outside of the sleeve. The drive shaft is connected to the vertex end of the sector plate via a shaft connector. One end of the shaft connector is fixedly connected to the drive shaft, and the other end of the shaft connector passes through the annular slot on the sleeve and is connected to the vertex end of the sector plate via a rotating shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom outlet of the receiving hopper is connected to a sealed coke storage hopper, and the drive shaft is connected to a motor, which can drive the drive shaft to rotate. The air inlet is located at the beginning of the pyrolysis zone. The outer shell of the pyrolysis furnace protective layer is provided with several air outlets in the middle and rear section of the pyrolysis zone. The air inlet is equipped with an air inlet control valve and an air inlet gas flow meter. Each air outlet is equipped with an outlet control valve and a gas flow meter. The air outlet is also connected to a micro negative pressure pipeline. A temperature sensor is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the protective shell of the pyrolysis furnace within the pyrolysis zone.

[0012] Preferably, the microwave generator includes a plurality of fan-shaped microwave generators, the apex of which faces the drive shaft, and the radius of which is arranged radially along the drive shaft. The plurality of fan-shaped microwave generators are evenly distributed at intervals above the turntable within the pyrolysis zone.

[0013] Preferably, the control door is a roller shutter type control door, and the fan-shaped plate is made of ceramic plate.

[0014] Preferably, the scraper includes a height-adjustable scraper one and a scraper two; The scraper is a right-angled oblique scraper. With the axis of the turntable as the center, the vertex of the scraper and the center of the feed inlet are on the same circumference, and the angle bisector of the scraper is tangent to the circumference. The second scraper is a flat scraper, which is located between the first scraper and the first control door, and is arranged radially along the turntable.

[0015] The operating method of the multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal as described above includes the following steps: S1. Loading process: The first and second control doors are in the raised state. Pulverized coal is loaded from the feed inlet to the turntable in the loading area. During the loading process, the turntable is driven to rotate by the drive shaft and the pulverized coal falling on the turntable is scraped flat by the scraper. When the turntable rotates to a preset angle, the leading edge of the pulverized coal already laid on the turntable reaches the second control door. The drive shaft stops rotating and then the first and second control doors are lowered to the bottom. S2. Pyrolysis process: Turn on the microwave generator to pyrolyze the pulverized coal in the pyrolysis zone, and turn off the microwave generator after pyrolysis is completed. S3. Unloading Process: After the pyrolysis process is completed, the first and second control doors are raised, and the turntable is driven to rotate via the drive shaft while pulverized coal is loaded from the feed port. During the process of the drive shaft driving the turntable, when the fan-shaped plate rotates to above the unloading port on the support plate, the fan-shaped plate rotates around it, flips downward and sinks into the unloading port. The microwave-pyrolyzed pulverized coal on the fan-shaped plate falls into the receiving bin. As the drive shaft continues to rotate, the rollers at the bottom of the fan-shaped plate contact the inclined inner wall of the receiving bin. When the rollers at the bottom of the fan-shaped plate climb up along the inner wall of the receiving bin to the opening of the unloading port and move completely to the support plate, the fan-shaped plate returns to horizontal. This process continues until all the microwave-pyrolyzed pulverized coal on the turntable has been unloaded. S4. Repeat S1-S3.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The inner cavity of the protective shell of the multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal of this invention is divided circumferentially into a charging zone, a pyrolysis zone, and a discharging zone. Therefore, pulverized coal can be continuously processed in the microwave pyrolysis furnace of this invention through the sequential processes of charging, pyrolysis, and discharging. To achieve continuous processing, the rotary table is divided into several sector plates. The bottom of each sector plate is equipped with rollers that can roll on a support plate. In this way, when these sector plates are in the charging zone and the pyrolysis zone, the support of the rollers keeps these sector plates in a plane, thus supporting the pulverized coal. To achieve automatic unloading, the apex of each sector plate in this invention is connected to the drive shaft. The support plate has a sector-shaped unloading port in the unloading area, allowing the sector plates to enter. Therefore, when the sector plate rotates to the unloading port, the bottom rollers cannot be supported by the support plate, so the sector plate rotates downwards around its axis. At this time, the pyrolyzed pulverized coal on the sector plate slides directly into the unloading port and receiving bin, achieving self-unloading. The inner wall of the receiving bin is designed as an inclined surface to support the bottom rollers of the sector plate. Therefore, when the sector plate continues to rotate towards the loading area after unloading, the bottom rollers of the sector plate roll along this inclined surface. When the rollers have completely moved to the support plate, the unloaded sector plate returns to a horizontal position and then rotates to the loading area to prepare for loading. A scraper is provided to level the pulverized coal falling onto the turntable through the feed inlet to a preset thickness, ensuring that the pulverized coal is evenly spread and of uniform thickness, facilitating subsequent microwave pyrolysis. The first and second control gates isolate the pyrolysis zone from the charging zone and the unloading zone during pyrolysis. This serves two purposes: firstly, it provides insulation; secondly, it traps pyrolysis gas within the pyrolysis zone and facilitates its collection, ensuring a safe working environment. In this invention, the microwave generator is located in the pyrolysis zone and installed on top of the protective outer shell of the pyrolysis furnace. Employing microwave pyrolysis technology, the microwaves penetrate uniformly, heating the material simultaneously from the inside out. This results in rapid heating and thorough material pyrolysis, effectively addressing the shortcomings of existing technologies, significantly improving pyrolysis efficiency, and producing high-quality products. Furthermore, the microwave energy is radiated, transmitted, and heated within a closed cavity, resulting in low energy consumption, no leakage, a high safety factor for continuous system operation, and ease of control. Additionally, this invention incorporates several microwave pyrolysis layers, enabling the processing of larger quantities of pulverized coal at once, thus achieving higher production efficiency. In summary, this invention is an economical and highly efficient multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace that enables continuous, efficient, rapid, and clean conversion of low-rank pulverized coal, holding significant practical importance for the deep processing and utilization of coal. Based on the above principles, the multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal of this invention can also be used in fields such as biomass pyrolysis, waste resource utilization, pollutant (soil, etc.) remediation, and solid-gas separation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a top view of the multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a front half sectional view of the multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a rear half sectional view of the multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the sector-shaped plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support disk of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Loading area, 2. Pyrolysis zone, 3. Unloading area, 4. Air inlet, 5. Air inlet control valve, 6. Air outlet one, 7. Air outlet two, 8. Outlet control valve one, 9. Outlet control valve two, 10. Microwave generator one, 11. Microwave generator two, 12. Microwave generator three, 13. Microwave generator four, 14. Microwave generator five, 15. Microwave generator protection device, 16. Pyrolysis furnace protective shell, 17. 18. Shaft connecting seat, 19. Roller, 20. Roller shutter control door, 21. Feed inlet, 22. Scraper 1, 23. Scraper 2, 24. Receiving bin, 25. Sealed coke storage bin, 26. Coke unloading brush, 27. Strong wind sweeper, 27. Support plate, 27-1. Discharge port, 27-2. Waste residue recovery port, 27-3. Center hole of support plate, 28. Drive shaft, 29. Sleeve, 30. Sector plate, 30-1. Cleaning brush, 31. Motor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See Figures 1-6The present invention relates to a multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal, comprising a drive system and several microwave pyrolysis layers. The drive system includes a vertically arranged drive shaft 28, and the several microwave pyrolysis layers are spaced and sleeved on the drive shaft 28. The drive shaft 28 can be driven by a motor 31. The microwave pyrolysis layer includes a pyrolysis furnace protective shell 16, a receiving bin 23, a support plate 27 disposed inside the pyrolysis furnace protective shell 16, a rotary table for holding materials, a control door, and a microwave generator. The support plate 27 is disposed outside the pyrolysis furnace protective shell. At the bottom of shell 16, a turntable is positioned above support plate 27, and the turntable is coaxially arranged with drive shaft 28. The inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace protective shell 16 is circumferentially divided into a charging area 1, a pyrolysis area 2, and a discharging area 3. A control door is installed on the top of the pyrolysis furnace protective shell 16 and can move up and down. The control door includes a first control door and a second control door. The first control door is located at the junction of charging area 1 and pyrolysis area 2, and the second control door is located at the junction of pyrolysis area 2 and discharging area 3. A microwave generator is located in pyrolysis area 2 and installed on... The protective shell 16 of the pyrolysis furnace has an inlet 4 and an outlet at the corresponding position in the pyrolysis zone 2. Pyrolysis gas can be collected through the outlet. The turntable is divided into several fan-shaped plates 30. The apex of each fan-shaped plate is connected to the drive shaft 28. The rotation axis of the fan-shaped plate is perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft 28. The bottom of the fan-shaped plate is provided with rollers 18 that can roll on the support plate 27. The support plate 27 has a fan-shaped discharge port 27-1 in the discharge zone 3 that allows the fan-shaped plates to enter. The receiving bin 2 The inlet of 3 is installed at the lower part of the discharge port 27-1. The inner wall of the receiving hopper 23 is set as an inclined surface that can support the bottom roller 18 of the fan-shaped plate. The outlet of the receiving hopper 23 extends to the outside of the pyrolysis furnace protective shell 16. The top of the outside of the pyrolysis furnace protective shell 16 is provided with a feed inlet 20 at the position corresponding to the loading area 1. The feed inlet 20 can be designed as a feed hopper to ensure the stability of the material flow during loading. The top of the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace protective shell 16 is provided with a scraper for material distribution at the position between the feed inlet 20 and the first control door.

[0021] The operating method of the multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal as described above includes the following steps: S1. Loading process: The first and second control doors are in the raised state. Pulverized coal is loaded from the feed inlet 20 to the turntable in the loading area 1. During the loading process, the turntable is driven to rotate by the drive shaft 28 and the pulverized coal falling on the turntable is scraped flat by the scraper. When the turntable rotates to a preset angle, the leading edge of the pulverized coal already laid on the turntable reaches the second control door. The drive shaft 28 stops rotating and then the first and second control doors are lowered to the bottom. S2. Pyrolysis process: Turn on the microwave generator to pyrolyze the pulverized coal in the pyrolysis zone. After the pyrolysis is completed, turn off the microwave generator. During the pyrolysis process, the pyrolysis gas can be collected by negative pressure through the gas outlet at the top of the protective shell 16 of the pyrolysis furnace. S3. Unloading Process: After the pyrolysis process is completed, the first and second control doors are raised, and the turntable is driven to rotate via the drive shaft 28 while pulverized coal is loaded from the feed inlet 20. During the process of the drive shaft 28 driving the turntable, when the sector plate 30 rotates to above the discharge port 27-1 on the support plate 27, the sector plate 30 rotates around it, flips downward and sinks into the discharge port 27-1. The microwave-pyrolyzed pulverized coal on the sector plate 30 falls into the receiving bin 23. As the drive shaft 28 continues to rotate, the roller 18 at the bottom of the sector plate 30 contacts the inclined inner wall of the receiving bin 23. When the roller 18 at the bottom of the sector plate 30 climbs along the inner wall of the receiving bin 23 to the opening of the discharge port 27-1 and moves completely to the support plate 27, the sector plate 30 returns to horizontal. This process continues until all the microwave-pyrolyzed pulverized coal on the turntable is unloaded. The feed bin 20 continuously unloads the same amount of material onto the turntable. S4. Repeat S1-S3 to achieve continuous pyrolysis of pulverized coal.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 2 and Figure 6 The discharge port 27-1 is fan-shaped. The inlet shape of the receiving bin 23 is the same as the shape and size of the discharge port 27-1. The central angle of the discharge port 27-1 is larger than the central angle of the fan-shaped plate 30. This shape of the discharge port 27-1 helps the fan-shaped plate 30 to completely flip down into the discharge port 27-1. Furthermore, the fan-shaped plate 30 can rotate a certain distance after flipping down into the discharge port 27-1, which facilitates the unloading of material from the fan-shaped plate 30. The central angle of the fan-shaped section on the support plate 27 between the edge of the discharge port 27-1 near the loading area 1 and the loading area is not smaller than the central angle of the fan-shaped plate 30. This fan-shaped section is used to ensure that the fan-shaped plate 30, after unloading, is completely horizontal to receive subsequent loading and to prevent gaps from forming between the fan-shaped plate 30 and the preceding fan-shaped plate due to misalignment, which could lead to material leakage. The top of the pyrolysis furnace protective shell 16... A coke unloading brush 25 and a strong air blower 26 are provided above the unloading port 27-1 near the loading area 1. The coke unloading brush 25 can be made of corundum. The strong air blower 26 is located between the coke unloading brush 25 and the edge of the unloading port 27-1 near the loading area 1. The coke unloading brush 25 is used to brush the pyrolysis products on the surface of the fan-shaped plate 30 into the unloading port 27-1. The coke unloading brush 25 is positioned so that the fan-shaped plate 30 can brush off the material adhering to its surface as it rises along the inclined surface of the inner wall of the receiving bin 23. At this time, the fan-shaped plate 30 is also inclined towards the receiving bin 23, so the brushed material falls directly into the receiving bin 23. The strong air blower 26 is used to blow the residual pyrolysis products of the fan-shaped plate 30 into the unloading port 27-1. The coke unloading brush 25 and the strong air blower 26 can ensure that the pyrolysis products on the surface of the fan-shaped plate 30 are completely cleaned.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 A cleaning brush 30-1 is provided at the bottom of the sector plate 30, from the small end apex to the arc edge. A waste residue collection port 27-2 is provided on the support plate 27 at the end of the pyrolysis zone 2, extending from the center of the support plate 27 to its edge. A waste residue collection device is connected to the bottom of the waste residue collection port 27-2 on the support plate 27. Since the turntable is composed of several sector plates 30, fine fly ash inevitably falls onto the support plate 27 at the contact surfaces between the sector plates 30. Therefore, the cleaning brush 30-1 at the bottom of the sector plate 30 sweeps the fine ash falling onto the surface of the support plate 27 into the waste residue collection port 27-2 during the rotation of the sector plate 30, where it is collected by the waste residue collection device. The collected waste residue can also be added to the feed inlet for further pyrolysis.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 6 Rollers 18 are provided at both corners of the arc at the bottom of the sector plate 30. This arrangement of rollers 18 can ensure the stability of the sector plate 30 when it rotates and minimize material leakage caused by deviation in the position of adjacent sector plates 30 at the joint.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sleeve 29 is fitted around the drive shaft 28. The sleeve 29 is fixedly installed, and the outer shell 16 of the pyrolysis furnace protective layer of all microwave pyrolysis layers is fitted onto the sleeve 29 and fixedly connected to the sleeve 29. The sleeve 29 has an annular slit at a position flush with the turntable for the apex of the fan-shaped plate to pass through. The support plate 27 has a support plate center hole 27-3 at its center, and the support plate 27 is fitted onto the outside of the sleeve 29 through the support plate center hole 27-3. The drive shaft 28 is connected to the apex of the fan-shaped plate through a shaft connecting seat 17. One end of the shaft connecting seat 17 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 28, and the other end of the shaft connecting seat 17 passes through the annular slit on the sleeve 29 and is axially connected to the apex of the fan-shaped plate through a rotating shaft.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealed coke storage bin 24 is connected to the bottom outlet of the receiving bin 23. The sealed coke storage bin 24 is used for coke quenching and flue gas treatment, which can prevent dust pollution. A drive shaft 28 is connected to a motor 31, which can drive the drive shaft 28 to rotate; the air inlet 4 is located at the beginning of the pyrolysis zone, see [reference]. Figures 1-3 The protective shell 16 of the pyrolysis furnace has several gas outlets in the middle and rear section of the pyrolysis zone 2. These outlets can quickly remove the pyrolysis zone, which is beneficial for the rapid pyrolysis process. The gas inlet 4 is equipped with an inlet control valve 5 and an inlet gas flow meter. Each gas outlet is equipped with an outlet control valve and a gas flow meter. The gas outlet is also connected to a micro negative pressure pipe. A temperature sensor is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the protective shell 16 of the pyrolysis furnace within the pyrolysis zone 2.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microwave generator includes a plurality of fan-shaped microwave generators, the apex of which faces the drive shaft 28, and the radius of which is arranged radially along the drive shaft 28. The plurality of fan-shaped microwave generators are evenly distributed at intervals above the turntable within the pyrolysis zone 2.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control door adopts a roller shutter type control door 19, which makes the height of the pyrolysis coal bed adjustable and the pyrolysis control more flexible; the fan-shaped plate 30 is made of ceramic plate, which is relatively resistant to high temperature.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scraper includes a height-adjustable scraper 21 and a scraper 22. Scraper 21 is a right-angled oblique scraper, with the axis of the turntable as the center. The apex of scraper 21 and the center of the feed inlet 20 are located on the same circumference, and the angle bisector of scraper 21 is tangent to the circumference. Scraper 22 is a flat scraper, positioned between scraper 21 and the first control gate, and is arranged radially along the turntable. The design principle is that the pulverized coal falling from the feed inlet 20 is high in the middle and low on both sides radially. The two side plates of scraper 21 can reverse a portion of the higher part of the pulverized coal falling from the feed inlet 20 towards the apex and arc end of the fan-shaped plate, achieving initial uniform distribution. Then, scraper 22 further flattens the pulverized coal scraped by scraper 21, which is beneficial for subsequent microwave pyrolysis.

[0030] In the above-described scheme of the present invention, the microwave pyrolysis layer can be provided in three or more layers, depending on the actual needs.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0032] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal, characterized in that, It includes a drive system and several microwave pyrolysis layers. The drive system includes a vertically arranged drive shaft (28) and several microwave pyrolysis layers are spaced and sleeved on the drive shaft (28). The microwave pyrolysis layer includes a pyrolysis furnace protective shell (16), a receiving bin (23), a support plate (27) disposed in the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace protective shell (16), a turntable for holding materials, a control door, and a microwave generator. The support plate (27) is disposed at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace protective shell (16), and the turntable is disposed above the support plate (27). The turntable is coaxial with the drive shaft (28). The inner cavity of the protective shell (16) of the pyrolysis furnace is divided into a loading area (1), a pyrolysis area (2) and a unloading area (3) along the circumference. The control door is installed on the top of the protective shell (16) of the pyrolysis furnace and can move up and down. The control door includes a first control door and a second control door. The first control door is located at the junction of the loading area (1) and the pyrolysis area (2), and the second control door is located at the junction of the pyrolysis area (2) and the unloading area (3). The microwave generator is located in the pyrolysis area (2) and installed on the top of the protective shell (16) of the pyrolysis furnace. The protective shell (16) of the pyrolysis furnace has an air inlet (4) and an air outlet at the corresponding position in the pyrolysis area (2). The turntable is divided into several sector plates (30), the vertex of each sector plate is connected to the drive shaft (28), the rotation axis of the sector plate is perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft (28), and the bottom of the sector plate is provided with rollers (18) that can roll on the support plate (27). The support plate (27) is provided with a fan-shaped discharge port (27-1) in the discharge area (3) that allows the fan-shaped plate to enter. The inlet of the receiving bin (23) is installed at the lower part of the discharge port (27-1). The inner wall of the receiving bin (23) is set as an inclined surface that can support the bottom roller (18) of the fan-shaped plate. The outlet of the receiving bin (23) extends to the outside of the protective shell (16) of the pyrolysis furnace. The top of the outer shell (16) of the pyrolysis furnace protective layer is provided with a feed inlet (20) at the position corresponding to the loading area (1), and the top of the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace protective layer (16) is provided with a scraper for feeding material at the position between the feed inlet (20) and the first control door; The shape of the discharge port (27-1) is fan-shaped. The central angle of the discharge port (27-1) is greater than the central angle of the fan plate (30). The central angle of the fan-shaped section on the support plate (27) between the edge of the discharge port (27-1) near the loading area (1) and the loading area is not less than the central angle of the fan plate (30). The top of the protective shell (16) of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a coke unloading brush (25) and a strong wind blower (26) above the unloading port (27-1) on the side near the charging area (1). The strong wind blower (26) is located between the coke unloading brush (25) and the edge of the unloading port (27-1) on the side near the charging area (1). The coke unloading brush (25) is used to brush the pyrolysis products on the surface of the fan-shaped plate (30) into the unloading port (27-1), and the strong wind blower (26) is used to blow the residual pyrolysis products of the fan-shaped plate (30) into the unloading port (27-1).

2. The multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cleaning brush (30-1) is provided at the bottom of the fan-shaped plate (30) along the small end apex to the arc edge. A waste residue collection port (27-2) is provided on the support plate (27) at the end of the pyrolysis zone (2). The waste residue collection port (27-2) extends from the center of the support plate (27) to the edge of the support plate (27). A waste residue collection device is connected to the bottom of the waste residue collection port (27-2) on the support plate (27).

3. The multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan-shaped plate (30) has rollers (18) at both corners of the arc at the bottom.

4. A multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sleeve (29) is fitted on the outside of the drive shaft (28). The sleeve (29) is fixedly installed. All the microwave pyrolysis layer protective shells (16) are fitted on the sleeve (29) and fixedly connected to the sleeve (29). The sleeve (29) has an annular slit at a position flush with the turntable for the top end of the fan-shaped plate to pass through. The support plate (27) has a center hole (27-3) at its center, and the support plate (27) is fitted onto the outside of the sleeve (29) through the center hole (27-3); The drive shaft (28) is connected to the top end of the sector plate through a shaft connector (17). One end of the shaft connector (17) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (28), and the other end of the shaft connector (17) passes through the annular seam on the sleeve (29) and is shaft connected to the top end of the sector plate through a rotating shaft.

5. A multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom outlet of the receiving hopper (23) is connected to a sealed coke storage hopper (24), and the drive shaft (28) is connected to a motor (31). The motor (31) can drive the drive shaft (28) to rotate. The air inlet (4) is located at the beginning of the pyrolysis zone. The outer shell (16) of the pyrolysis furnace protective layer is provided with several air outlets in the middle and rear section of the pyrolysis zone (2). The air inlet (4) is provided with an air inlet control valve (5) and an air inlet gas flow meter. Each air outlet is provided with an outlet control valve and a gas flow meter. The air outlet is also connected to a micro negative pressure pipe. A temperature sensor is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the protective shell (16) of the pyrolysis furnace within the pyrolysis zone (2).

6. A multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave generator includes several fan-shaped microwave generators, with the apex of each fan-shaped microwave generator facing the drive shaft (28). The radius of each fan-shaped microwave generator is arranged radially along the drive shaft (28). The several fan-shaped microwave generators are evenly distributed at intervals above the turntable within the pyrolysis zone (2).

7. A multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control door is a roller shutter type control door (19), and the fan-shaped plate (30) is made of ceramic plate.

8. A multi-layer rotary continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace for pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraper includes a height-adjustable scraper one (21) and a scraper two (22); The scraper (21) adopts a right-angled oblique scraper. With the axis of the turntable as the center, the vertex of the scraper (21) and the center of the feed inlet (20) are located on the same circumference. The angle bisector of the scraper (21) is tangent to the circumference. The second scraper (22) is a flat scraper. The second scraper (22) is located between the first scraper (21) and the first control door. The second scraper (22) is arranged radially along the turntable.

9. The operating method of the multi-layer rotary pulverized coal continuous microwave pyrolysis furnace according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The steps include the following: S1. Loading process: The first control door and the second control door are in the raised state. Pulverized coal is loaded from the feed inlet (20) to the turntable in the loading area (1). During the loading process, the turntable is driven to rotate by the drive shaft (28) and the pulverized coal falling on the turntable is scraped flat by the scraper. When the turntable rotates to a preset angle, the front edge of the pulverized coal already laid on the turntable reaches the second control door. The drive shaft (28) stops rotating and then the first control door and the second control door are lowered to the bottom. S2. Pyrolysis process: Turn on the microwave generator to pyrolyze the pulverized coal in the pyrolysis zone, and turn off the microwave generator after pyrolysis is completed. S3. Unloading process: After the pyrolysis process is completed, the first and second control doors are raised, and the turntable is driven to rotate by the drive shaft (28) while pulverized coal is loaded from the feed port (20); during the process of the drive shaft (28) driving the turntable, when the fan-shaped plate (30) rotates to above the unloading port (27-1) on the support plate (27), the fan-shaped plate (30) rotates around it, flips downward and sinks into the unloading port (27-1), and the microwave-pyrolyzed material on the fan-shaped plate (30) is removed. Pulverized coal falls into the receiving hopper (23). As the drive shaft (28) continues to rotate, the roller (18) at the bottom of the fan-shaped plate (30) contacts the inclined inner wall of the receiving hopper (23). When the roller (18) at the bottom of the fan-shaped plate (30) climbs along the inner wall of the receiving hopper (23) to the opening of the discharge port (27-1) and moves completely to the support plate (27), the fan-shaped plate (30) returns to horizontal. This continues until all the pulverized coal that has undergone microwave pyrolysis on the turntable is discharged. S4, repeat S1-S3.

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