A concealed drainage system, a method for constructing the concealed drainage system, and its application.

Abstract

This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a concealed drainage system, a method for constructing the concealed drainage system, and its application. The concealed drainage system includes a trench, a support structure, and a backfill layer. The support structure is laid at the bottom of the trench, and its cross-section is either partially open or circumferentially closed. Several through-flow channels are formed on the sidewalls of the support structure; the cross-sections of the flow channels are fan-shaped, spindle-shaped, or concave drum-shaped. When the cross-section of the support structure is partially open, the open area faces the bottom of the trench, and the enclosed internal area constitutes the concealed drainage system; when the cross-section of the support structure is circumferentially closed, the hollow internal area constitutes the concealed drainage system. This concealed drainage system uses the support structure to directly isolate and form a concealed drainage system within the trench, and flow channels are set on the support structure to achieve drainage and ventilation. Simultaneously, the concealed drainage system has a large cross-sectional area, is not easily clogged, has a long service life, and is applicable to a wide range of scenarios. The method for constructing the concealed drainage system is simple to operate and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil drainage technology, and in particular to a submerged drainage system, a submerged drainage method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Current drainage systems include open ditch drainage systems and culvert drainage systems.

[0003] For open ditch drainage systems, on the one hand, open ditch drainage is not conducive to manual operation, and a slight carelessness can lead to stepping into the ditch and causing personnel safety accidents; on the other hand, with the reduction of agricultural labor and the social trend of machinery replacing manual labor, drainage ditches will hinder the passage of machinery (such as tractors, rotary tillers, etc.) and affect the mechanization process; furthermore, if the soil is loose in the early stage of the construction of open ditches, it is easy to collapse, and people trampling, rainwater erosion and animal activities (such as earthworms) will cause the ditch to silt up, which is not conducive to the drainage of water.

[0004] Compared to open ditch drainage systems, covered ditch drainage systems are safer to use, have less impact on equipment passage, and facilitate the drainage of accumulated water, making them increasingly widely used in farmland, orchards, and other similar settings.

[0005] For example, a Chinese utility model (publication number: CN205152919U, publication date: 20160413) discloses a drainage ditch system for tea and fruit orchards, including drainage ditches dug at least 60cm deep underground, filled with a soil layer, and planted with vegetation on the soil layer; the bottom of the drainage ditch also has a culvert, which is filled with a layer of large-particle filler and a layer of small-particle filler from the bottom surface upwards. This utility model's drainage ditch system overcomes the drainage requirements of tea and fruit trees during heavy rain and storms, eliminating the need to plant tea or fruit trees on uneven terrain. Even in relatively flat areas, it can meet their drainage needs. Furthermore, tea trees, fruit trees, or vegetation for nutrient supply can still be planted within the ditch without occupying separate bottom area, thus improving the yield of tea and fruit trees.

[0006] In existing technologies, underground drainage ditches are filled from the bottom upwards with layers of large particles (such as large stones) and small particles (such as gravel), with drainage achieved through the gaps between these layers. However, over long-term use, as mud and water flow through these gaps, accumulated soil and other debris gradually become trapped, causing blockages and ultimately resulting in the gradual loss of drainage functionality. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a concealed drainage system, a method for constructing the concealed drainage system, and its applications. The concealed drainage system uses a support structure to directly isolate the drainage ditch within the trench, and flow channels are provided on the support structure to achieve drainage and ventilation. Simultaneously, the concealed drainage system has a large cross-sectional area, is less prone to clogging, has a long service life, and is applicable to a wide range of scenarios. The method for constructing the concealed drainage system is simple to operate and low in cost.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0009] A concealed drainage system, the concealed drainage system comprising:

[0010] A trench, wherein the trench is provided on the base layer;

[0011] A support body, having one or more, is laid at the bottom of the trench; the cross-section of the support body is partially open or circumferentially closed; several through channels are formed on the sidewalls of the support body along its length; the cross-section of the channels is fan-shaped, spindle-shaped, or concave drum-shaped; when there are multiple support bodies, the multiple support bodies are connected end to end in sequence.

[0012] A backfill layer, which is laid in the trench area outside the support body;

[0013] Wherein, when the cross-section of the support body is partially open, its open area faces the bottom of the trench; the area enclosed by the bottom of the support body and the trench is the dark trench;

[0014] When the cross-section of the support is circumferentially closed, the hollow area inside the support is the dark trench.

[0015] Furthermore, the top surface of the backfill layer is higher than the surface of the base layer, and a transition slope is formed from the two edges of the top surface of the backfill layer to both sides in the trench width direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the support is assembled from several bamboo strips along its own thickness direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the support structure is a bamboo plank.

[0018] Furthermore, the number of dark trenches formed within the trench is one or more.

[0019] Furthermore, the cross-section of the support is V-shaped or triangular.

[0020] Furthermore, the sidewall of the support has a flow channel with one cross-sectional shape, or the sidewall of the support has a flow channel with multiple cross-sectional shapes.

[0021] Furthermore, at least a portion of the arcuate wall of the flow channel faces upwards from the groove.

[0022] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for constructing a concealed ditch to build the aforementioned concealed ditch drainage system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step S1: Determine the processing length and quantity of a single support body based on the preset length of the trench;

[0024] Step S2: Trenching is carried out on the base layer by manual or machine excavation to form a trench;

[0025] Step S3: Place the support into the trench to isolate and form a dark trench;

[0026] Step S4: Lay the backfill layer to form a concealed drainage system.

[0027] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides the application of the aforementioned underground drainage system.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] 1. Compared with the existing technology that uses large and small particles to fill and form underground channels, the underground channel drainage system of this invention forms underground channels within the trench by directly isolating them with a support body, and sets flow channels on the support body to achieve drainage and ventilation, resulting in a long service life. At the same time, the underground channel has a large cross-sectional area, making it less prone to clogging and further extending its service life.

[0030] 2. The support structure in this invention can be made of processed bamboo strips or directly from industrially produced bamboo planks. On the one hand, the raw materials are readily available and the cost is relatively low; on the other hand, the support structure is highly environmentally friendly, as it will not pollute the soil even after it decomposes, and can even be used as natural fertilizer for plants grown in the soil.

[0031] 3. The underground drainage construction method of the present invention is simple and quick to operate, and has a low construction cost. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the underground drainage system in Example 1.

[0034] Figure 2 This is one form of support structure made of bamboo strips, as shown in Example 2.

[0035] Figure 3 This is another form of support structure made of bamboo strips as described in Example 2.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the application of a concealed drainage system. Detailed Implementation

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] The embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] A concealed drainage system includes a trench 100, a support 200, and a backfill layer 300.

[0042] Specifically, the trench 100 can be formed by excavating a trench directly on the base layer 1', or the trench 100 can be prefabricated from concrete, polymer materials, etc., and embedded in the base layer 1'. (See attached image) Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a trench 100 is formed by directly excavating a trench on the base layer 1'.

[0043] The support 200 has a preset length (e.g., 3m) and is laid within the trench 100 along its length. Along the width of the support 200, its cross-section is partially open, such as an arc, U, or V shape. Alternatively, along the width of the support 200, its cross-section is circumferentially closed, such as a circle, triangle, or rectangle. For structural stability, the cross-section of the support 200 is preferably V-shaped or triangular. Each sidewall of the support 200 has a preset thickness (e.g., 5cm). Several through-flow channels 201 are formed on each sidewall of the support 200 along its length. The cross-section of these channels 201 is fan-shaped, spindle-shaped, or concave drum-shaped. These channels 201 serve as water and air permeable pathways. Meanwhile, the size of the flow channel 201 can be set relatively large to facilitate the passage of mud and water; at the same time, some plant roots in the base layer 1' can wrap around and pass through the flow channel 201 (entering from one flow channel 201 and exiting from another flow channel 201), which is equivalent to strengthening the support 200 and improving the structural stability of the support 200.

[0044] When the cross-section of the support 200 is partially open, the open area of ​​the support 200 faces the bottom of the trench 100. The area enclosed by the bottoms of the support 200 and the trench 100 is the dark trench 202. The flow channel 201 is connected to the dark trench 202.

[0045] When the cross-section of the support 200 is circumferentially closed, the hollow area inside the support 200 is the dark channel 202. The flow channel 201 is connected to the dark channel 202.

[0046] When the length of a single trench 100 is greater than the length of a single support 200, multiple supports 200 are laid in series. The tails and heads of two adjacent supports 200 are connected by butt joints, overlaps, or plug-ins.

[0047] The support 200 has flow channels 201 of one cross-sectional shape distributed on its sidewalls, or multiple flow channels 201 of different cross-sectional shapes distributed simultaneously on its sidewalls. After the support 200 is laid, at least a portion of the flow channels 201 has an arc-shaped wall facing upwards towards the trench 100. Therefore, when mud and water pass through the flow channels 201, they tend to move from the higher points of the arc surface to the lower points on both sides. This reduces the risk of mud and water clogging the flow channels 201, prolongs the unobstructed flow time of the flow channels 201, effectively utilizes the drainage and aeration functions of the underground drainage system, and extends the service life of the underground drainage system.

[0048] The trench 100 can simultaneously have two straight structures formed by multiple supports 200 connected in series, meaning that more than one concealed ditch 202 can be formed within the trench 100. Furthermore, by changing the dimensions of the supports 200, i.e., the dimensions of the concealed ditch 202, the applicable scenarios of the concealed drainage system can be further expanded. For example, increasing the number of concealed ditches 202 and increasing their cross-sectional size can be suitable for scenarios with occasional pedestrian and mechanical movement and large drainage volumes, thereby increasing drainage capacity. Alternatively, increasing the number of concealed ditches 202 while appropriately reducing their cross-sectional size can be suitable for scenarios with frequent pedestrian and mechanical movement, improving the structural stability of the supports 200 without significantly increasing drainage volume, thus preventing the concealed ditch 202 from collapsing.

[0049] Once the support 200 is placed within the groove 100, moisture in the base layer 1' can enter the culvert 202 through the flow channel 201, reducing moisture accumulation in the base layer 1'. Simultaneously, the culvert 202 is connected to the outside, allowing air to enter the base layer 1' through the flow channel 201, thereby improving the oxygen content in the base layer 1'.

[0050] The backfill layer 300 is laid in the area of ​​the trench 100 outside the support 200 (i.e., outside the culvert). The top surface of the backfill layer 300 is higher than the top surface of the base layer 1' by a predetermined height (e.g., 10-20cm), and a transition slope is formed from both edges of the top surface of the backfill layer 300 towards both sides of the trench 100 width. The material of the backfill layer 300 is the same as that of the base layer 1', or the backfill layer 300 may use a different material than the base layer 1'. On one hand, the backfill layer 300 can completely fill the area above the support 200 within the trench 100, preventing personnel from stepping on it or affecting equipment passage. On the other hand, the backfill layer 300 can act as a buffer for the support 200, preventing excessive load from collapsing the support 200 and affecting the formation of the culvert 202. Furthermore, the top surface of the backfill layer 300 is higher than the surface of the base layer 1' and has a transition slope, guiding water flow to both sides of the trench 100 before entering the culvert 202. Once the 300mm backfill layer is laid, the underground drainage system is complete.

[0051] Compared to existing technologies that use a combination of large and small particles to fill gaps and form underground channels, the underground drainage system in this embodiment uses a support structure to directly isolate the underground channel within the trench, and provides flow channels on the support structure to achieve drainage and ventilation. Furthermore, the underground channel has a larger cross-sectional area, making it less prone to clogging and extending its service life.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] A concealed drainage system includes a trench 100, a support structure 200, and a backfill layer 300. The support structure 200 is laid within the trench 100 within a base layer 1'. The backfill layer 300 is laid in the area of ​​the trench 100 outside the support structure 200.

[0054] In this embodiment, to reduce manufacturing costs and considering overall usage requirements, bamboo (such as mature bamboo over 3 years old) was ultimately selected and verified as the raw material to manufacture the support body 200. Specifically, the bamboo was first processed into bamboo strips 5cm wide and 3m long. The cross-section of the bamboo strips was fan-shaped. Then, the bamboo strips were stacked sequentially in a predetermined direction and placed into a 5cm mold. After drilling holes, they were fixed with bolts to form a bamboo raft 3m long, 20-25cm wide, and 5cm thick. The tops of two bamboo rafts were tied together (for example, using nylon cable ties) and then spread out so that the included angle at the top was 60°, thus obtaining the support body 200. The structure of the support body formed by the bamboo raft is shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown. (Attached) Figure 2 c and appendix Figure 2 The connector in d is not shown. Among them, the attached... Figure 2 a is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support structure, attached. Figure 2 b~Attachment Figure 2 d shows the end face structure of the support structure under different bamboo strip arrangement methods. The structure of the support structure formed by two or three bamboo strips is shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown. Meanwhile, the gap between two adjacent bamboo strips forms the flow channel 201, with a width of 3-10 mm. Because bamboo has a hollow cylindrical structure with non-uniform diameters (i.e., the diameter of the bamboo body is larger closer to the root), the surface curvature radius of the bamboo strips may vary from one end to the other. Additionally, the diameter at the bamboo nodes at both ends is slightly larger than the diameter of the bamboo body, and the diameter at different nodes may also differ. Therefore, the size of the flow channel 201 formed by adjacent bamboo strips when multiple bamboo strips are stacked may also be different. That is, multiple flow channels 201 of varying sizes and shapes are distributed on the support 200, ensuring that water at various depths and directions within the base layer 1 can enter the culvert 202. Furthermore, using bamboo as the raw material for the support is low-cost and does not cause environmental pollution, making it ecologically friendly. Meanwhile, the bamboo support may rot after long-term use at the base layer, but the plant roots growing in the base layer wrap around and pass through the flow channel 201 to form a protective covering on the support, which can also ensure that the culvert will not collapse and affect drainage and ventilation.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, industrially produced bamboo planks can also be used directly as the support.

[0056] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the stacking method of bamboo strips and the connection method of bamboo rafts can be optimized so that when the support body 200 is laid in the trench 100, at least some of the curved surfaces of the bamboo strips on the bamboo rafts face the upper area of ​​the trench 100. As a result, the curved wall of the flow channel 201 faces the upper part of the trench 100. When mud and water pass through the flow channel 201, mud and water are less likely to stay on the curved wall, thereby effectively reducing the accumulation of mud and water in the flow channel and extending the service life of the support body.

[0057] In this embodiment, the following simulated extreme testing method is used to compare the underground drainage system in this embodiment with the underground drainage system in the prior art.

[0058] Simulated extreme detection method: Four trenches (5.5m long, 50cm wide, and 80cm deep) are excavated on the same plot of land, numbered 1# to 4#, and then a concealed drainage system is constructed. The four trenches are spaced 5m apart. Five identical water sprinklers (shower heads can be used) are installed above one end of each trench. The five water sprinklers are located on a straight line, spaced 40cm apart. Each water sprinkler is 1m high. The water sprinklers in the four trenches are connected in parallel.

[0059] A 3-day watering cycle was used. On the first day of the watering cycle, the water sprinklers were started simultaneously, and the flow rate of the water sprinklers was controlled at 2L / min. The watering time of each water sprinkler was 60 minutes. During the test, the time from the start of watering by the water sprinklers to the point where water flowed out at the other end of the trench was recorded, as well as the water accumulation state of the soil surface near the water sprinklers.

[0060] The existing underground drainage system in trench #1 consists of a 20cm thick layer of small stones with a diameter of 20-30cm, a 20cm thick layer of large stones with a diameter of 30-50cm, and a 60cm thick layer of backfill soil, from bottom to top.

[0061] Trench #2~#4 are examples of the concealed drainage system in this embodiment. The support structure has a V-shaped cross-section and is entirely made of bamboo strips (3m long, 5cm wide). The height of the support structure (distance from the tip to the bottom of the trench) is 40cm, and the backfill soil is 20cm above the surface. The cross-section of the flow channel inside trench #2 is fan-shaped, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 2 As shown in b. The cross-section of the inner flow channel of trench #3 is a combination of a spindle shape and a concave waist drum shape, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown in Figure c, the cross-section of the inner flow channel of trench #3 is a combination of fan-shaped, spindle-shaped, and concave drum-shaped structures, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown in d.

[0062] The test results of the underground drainage system in trenches 1#~4# are shown in Table 1. T = 3 days, for example, 5T = 25 days. The statistical time is calculated in 5-minute increments.

[0063] Table 1 Statistical Results

[0064]

[0065] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, under extreme simulation tests, the performance of the existing underground drainage system is comparable to that of the underground drainage system in this example, which means that the underground drainage system in this embodiment has practical application value.

[0066] However, the underground drainage system in this embodiment has the following advantages compared to existing underground drainage systems:

[0067] (1) Existing underground drainage systems are constructed using stones of different diameters, which are not easy to obtain. In contrast, the underground drainage system in this embodiment uses bamboo as the support material, which is widely available.

[0068] (2) The existing underground drainage system uses heavy stones, which are difficult to transport and costly; while the underground drainage system in this implementation uses bamboo as the support material. Bamboo is relatively light and easy to transport, and the cost is relatively low. In particular, the use of industrially produced bamboo planks as the support can further reduce costs.

[0069] (3) The existing underground drainage system uses stones buried in the soil, which is equivalent to changing the soil composition, which is not conducive to the growth of crops and land preparation. The underground drainage system in this implementation uses bamboo as the support material, which is an environmentally friendly and biodegradable material and can also be used as fertilizer after it decomposes.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] A method for constructing a culvert, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step S1: Based on the preset length of the groove 100, determine the processing length and quantity of each support 200. Further, the support 200 is made of bamboo; the specific processing method can be found in Example 2.

[0073] Step S2: A trench is dug on the base layer 1' using manual or machine excavation. The trench is 80-120cm deep and 30-50cm wide, forming a ditch 100. The ditch 100 connects to the surrounding ditch.

[0074] Step S3: Place the support body 200 into the bottom of the trench 100; if there are multiple supports 200, connect the multiple supports 200 in sequence to form a trench; after the supports 200 are laid, a dark trench 202 is formed by isolation.

[0075] In step S4, the area above the support 200 inside the trench 100 is backfilled with the base layer 1' material outside the trench 100 area or the material excavated when the base layer 1' was trenched, forming a backfill layer 300. Further, the backfill height of the backfill layer 300 is such that the top surface of the filling layer 300 is higher than the top surface of the base layer 1' by a preset height, and a transition slope is formed on both sides.

[0076] The method for constructing underground drainage ditches in this embodiment is simple, quick, and low in cost.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] The application of underground drainage systems can be used for drainage in scenarios such as orchards, vegetable gardens, and farmland.

[0079] Taking the drainage renovation of an old citrus orchard as an example, the orchard covers an area of ​​30 mu (approximately 2 hectares). After the renovation, the planting row spacing is 4m x 7m. In practice, a row of ditches is used for each row of trees, with horizontal ditches (perpendicular to the rows) and an adjacent ditch spacing of 4 meters. The ditch width is 50cm, which avoids the awkward situation where the entire support layer cannot be placed in non-straight ditches. (See attached diagram.) Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, the total length of the ditch in the orchard was 5100 meters, using 3400 bamboo planks (3m long * 25cm wide * 5cm thick). The excavator was used for 100 hours, and the processing, transportation, and placement of the bamboo planks required 100 man-days of labor. Based on market prices, the bamboo plank cost 12 yuan per piece, the excavator (with manpower) labor cost was 150 yuan per hour, the man-day labor cost was 150 yuan, and other costs such as wire amounted to 1000 yuan. The final actual cost for the orchard was 71800 yuan. After installing the underground drainage system, the orchard drainage was smooth, the fruit trees grew well, orchard operations were convenient, and machinery functioned smoothly.

Claims

1. A concealed drainage system suitable for agricultural applications, characterized in that, The underground drainage system includes: A trench, wherein the trench is provided on the base layer; A support body, having one or more, is laid at the bottom of the trench; the cross-section of the support body is partially open or circumferentially closed; several through channels are formed on the sidewalls of the support body along its length; the cross-section of the channels is fan-shaped, spindle-shaped, or concave drum-shaped; when there are multiple support bodies, the multiple support bodies are connected end to end in sequence. Backfill layer, the backfill layer being laid in the trench area outside the support body; Wherein, when the cross-section of the support body is partially open, its open area faces the bottom of the trench; the area enclosed by the bottom of the support body and the trench is the dark trench; When the cross-section of the support is circumferentially closed, the hollow area inside the support is the dark trench. The support is assembled from several bamboo strips along its own thickness.

2. The underground drainage system for agricultural applications according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the backfill layer is higher than the surface of the base layer, and a transition slope is formed from the two edges of the top surface of the backfill layer to both sides in the width direction of the trench.

3. The underground drainage system for agricultural applications according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support structure is a bamboo plank.

4. The underground drainage system for agricultural applications according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of dark trenches formed within the trench is one or more.

5. The underground drainage system for agricultural applications according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the support is V-shaped or triangular.

6. The underground drainage system suitable for agricultural applications according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The sidewall of the support has a flow channel with one cross-sectional shape, or the sidewall of the support has a flow channel with multiple cross-sectional shapes.

7. The underground drainage system for agricultural applications according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least a portion of the arcuate wall of the flow channel faces upwards from the groove.

8. A method for constructing a covered ditch, for constructing a covered ditch drainage system suitable for agricultural scenarios as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method for constructing the underground ditch includes the following steps: Step S1: Determine the processing length and quantity of a single support body based on the preset length of the trench; Step S2: Trenching is carried out on the base layer by manual or machine excavation to form a trench; Step S3: Place the support into the trench to isolate and form a dark trench; Step S4: Lay the backfill layer to form a concealed drainage system.

9. The application of the underground drainage system for agricultural applications as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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