Mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal overhangs

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical hole-forming method of a rectangular pile with a horizontal cantilever and an expandable drill, and belongs to the field of pile foundation engineering. The method comprises the following steps: combining multiple drills to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of a rectangular pile hole; controlling the cylindrical drill assembly on the multifunctional drill assembly on all the drills to drill downwardly into the stratum until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole; controlling the cylindrical drill assembly on the multifunctional drill assembly on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane to drill a side hole with a haunch to the side of the rectangular pile hole; controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the cylindrical drill assembly on the vertical plane of the multifunctional drill assembly to drill outwardly into the horizontal cantilever pile hole; and continuing to control the cylindrical drill assembly on the horizontal plane of the multifunctional drill assembly to vertically drill downwardly into the stratum until the design depth of the rectangular pile hole to form an embedded section of the rectangular pile hole. The method has the advantages that according to different sizes of the rectangular pile hole, a corresponding number of drills are arranged on the rectangular anti-slide pile drill to form a rectangular structure, and the rectangular pile hole is drilled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling equipment, specifically relating to a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering projects such as slope protection, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, and tunnel entrance / exit construction, anti-slide piles are the most effective measure to transfer the lateral thrust of the soil and rock mass to the stable strata below the sliding surface, resisting lateral thrust and mitigating engineering and geological hazards. Anti-slide piles are divided into rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles and circular cross-section anti-slide piles. Rectangular anti-slide piles have advantages such as high lateral stiffness and high single pile bearing capacity, effectively enhancing anti-slide force and increasing the anti-slide coefficient. Therefore, rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields. Traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles have a large cross-section and cannot fully utilize the strength of the soil and rock mass in front of the pile. For anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of the soil and rock mass in front of the pile, improving the anti-slide capacity of the anti-slide pile; however, drilling the horizontal cantilever pile holes for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures is extremely difficult. Furthermore, traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles typically employ both manual and mechanical excavation methods. Collapses caused by manual excavation of bored piles account for 65% of all collapse accidents, and are inefficient and costly, while mechanical excavation is safer and more efficient. Therefore, using mechanical drilling to excavate pile holes with horizontal cantilever rectangular anti-slide piles within soil and rock layers is of great significance for ensuring the safety of construction personnel and improving efficiency.

[0003] Currently, there are various types of drilling equipment and mechanical excavation methods for rectangular anti-slide piles, such as:

[0004] Patent No. CN 106836354 A, "Mechanical Hole Forming Device for Rectangular Anti-slide Piles", uses multiple cutting blades to form a rectangular shovel head. The rear end of the shovel head is equipped with a counterweight or hydraulic propulsion device to realize the drilling of rectangular pile holes.

[0005] Patent No. CN 103244053 A "Rectangular Drilling Machine" mainly uses two cam bodies to drive two T-shaped cutter heads evenly distributed at the bottom of two steel frames to move towards each other and back and forth, cutting the soil into rectangular holes.

[0006] Patent No. CN 104533300 A, "Rectangular Drilling Machine", has a conical drill bit at the bottom of a rectangular transmission box and cross-shaped long cutters on the four sides. The conical drill bit drills in to form a circular pile hole, and then the cross-shaped long cutters rotate and cut to shape it into a rectangular pile hole.

[0007] The patent number CN 207715083 U, "A Rectangular Anti-slide Pile Drilling Rig", mainly involves setting a circular drill cylinder and a rectangular drill cylinder at the bottom of the drill rod. The circular drill cylinder is screwed in to form a circular pile hole, and then the rectangular drill cylinder cuts the soil around the circular pile hole to form a rectangular pile hole.

[0008] Patent No. CN 105951798 A, "A Rectangular Drilling Machine", mainly uses a motor to drive four concave cylindrical parts with agitators to cut the soil and drill rectangular pile holes.

[0009] Existing drilling machines mainly form vertical rectangular pile holes in rock and soil. However, the following problems exist: (1) It is impossible to drill rectangular anti-slide pile holes with horizontal cantilever or haunched horizontal cantilever structure in rock and soil; (2) Other machinery (grab bucket) or auxiliary measures (slurry positive circulation slag removal method) are used to clean the slag in the pile hole. The integration of drilling and slag removal equipment is low, the construction efficiency is low and the cost is high.

[0010] Regarding mechanical construction methods for rectangular anti-slide piles, for example:

[0011] Patent No. CN 108678661 A, "Method for Drilling Holes for Square Anti-slide Piles and Square Drill Bit for Drilling Holes", utilizes a rotary drilling rig with a circular drill bit to drill at least one row of circular pilot holes sequentially along the length of the cross-section of the square anti-slide pile hole. The rows of circular pilot holes are connected, and the sidewalls of the square anti-slide pile hole are tangent to the edges of the adjacent circular pilot holes. Then, a square drill bit is used to sweep the hole, so that the square drill bit cuts down along the outline of the square anti-slide pile hole to remove excess soil. This process is repeated until the design requirements are met.

[0012] Patent No. CN110593753 A, "Method for Rapid Mechanical Hole Formation of Rectangular Anti-slide Piles," first uses a rotary drilling rig with a round drill bit to drill pilot holes at the four corners until the designed pile bottom elevation is reached. Then, a trenching machine is used to trim the pilot holes in three sections, employing a three-stage grab bucket operation: first, grabbing along the long side of the anti-slide pile from the pilot hole location until the designed hole depth is reached; second, grabbing along the other long side of the anti-slide pile from the pilot hole location until the designed hole depth is reached; third, grabbing the remaining middle section until the designed hole depth is reached. If encountering complex and hard strata such as hard gravelly soil or calcareous cemented layers, the trenching machine stops grabbing the soil, and the hard layers are broken using a long-arm hydraulic breaker.

[0013] Patent No. CN 110820733 A, "An Improved Simple Rectangular Anti-slide Pile Mechanical Rapid Hole Formation Construction Method", mainly involves two rotary excavations of circular pile holes, connecting the circular pile holes and over-excavating beyond the outline of the rectangular pile hole. After placing a rectangular steel cylinder inside the pile hole, the over-excavated part is poured to form the rectangular pile hole.

[0014] Patent No. CN 110714460 A, "A Mechanical Method for Drilling Rectangular Anti-slide Piles with Reduced Filling Coefficient", and Patent No. CN 113605387, "A Fully Mechanical Construction Method for Rectangular Anti-slide Piles", both mainly involve two or more rotary excavations of circular pile holes. The circular pile holes are connected or partially overlapped and tangent to the outline of the rectangular pile hole. The rectangular pile hole is formed by mechanically removing slag and repairing the hole around the perimeter of the pile hole.

[0015] The patent number CN 111691408 A, "A Construction Method for Rectangular Anti-slide Piles in Soft Rock Layers", mainly involves first drilling a rectangular groove along the outline of a rectangular pile hole using a small-diameter rotary drilling rig, with the small-diameter pile hole tangent to the outline of the rectangular pile hole. Then, a large-diameter rotary drilling rig is used to partially overlap the small-diameter pile hole, and the pile hole is mechanically cleaned and repaired to form a rectangular pile hole.

[0016] However, the following problems exist: (1) It is impossible to drill rectangular anti-slide pile holes with horizontal cantilever or haunched horizontal cantilever structure in the rock and soil; (2) Other machinery or auxiliary measures are required for hole repair, the drilling efficiency is low and the cost is high, and it is impossible to drill rectangular pile holes in one go; (3) The pile hole size is diverse in actual projects, and the existing rectangular anti-slide pile hole forming machinery and equipment has a fixed size, which cannot cope with the changes in pile hole size; (4) Other machinery (grab bucket) or auxiliary measures (slurry positive circulation slag removal method) are used to clean the slag in the pile hole, which increases the construction cost. Summary of the Invention

[0017] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded. This mechanical drilling method combines multiple drilling rigs to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole. A slag handling mechanism and a multi-functional drilling assembly are sequentially installed on the drilling rig from top to bottom to drill rectangular anti-slide piles with added horizontal cantilever. Specifically, firstly, the vertical drill bit of the multi-functional cylindrical drill is driven by the pressure generated by the weight of the drilling rig to drill the vertical rectangular pile hole to the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever. Then, the multi-functional cylindrical drill with a horizontal multi-stage hydraulic propulsion device on its back drills the horizontal cantilever rectangular pile hole, or the multi-functional cylindrical drill simultaneously drills the added and horizontal cantilever pile holes in both vertical and horizontal directions. After drilling is completed, the multi-functional cylindrical drill is retracted. Finally, the multi-functional cylindrical drill continues drilling vertically to the designed depth.

[0018] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0019] A mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded, characterized in that the mechanical drilling method includes the following steps:

[0020] S1: Based on the dimensions of the rectangular pile hole, multiple drilling rigs are combined to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the dimensions of the rectangular pile hole; a slag handling mechanism and a multi-functional drilling assembly are sequentially installed on each drilling rig from top to bottom; wherein:

[0021] The multi-functional drilling assembly includes several cylindrical drilling assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding reaction frame, and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder. The cylindrical drilling assemblies are mounted on the U-shaped fork plate and arranged in a matrix on both the vertical and horizontal planes. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding reaction frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally.

[0022] S2: Put the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on all the drilling rigs into the standby state of minimum stroke, and control the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly on all the drilling rigs to drill downwards into the strata until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, so as to form the free section of the rectangular pile hole.

[0023] S3: Move all the multi-functional drilling assemblies on the drilling rig upwards to the top design elevation of the haunch hole, and activate the cylindrical drilling assembly and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the vertical and horizontal planes of the multi-functional drilling assemblies on the drilling rig located near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section. Driven by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical and horizontal planes of the multi-functional drilling assemblies drills the haunch hole toward the side of the rectangular pile hole.

[0024] S4: Control the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly to drill outwards the horizontal cantilever pile hole until the designed length of the horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached;

[0025] S5: Retract the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to its minimum stroke and stop working; shut down the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly; open the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the horizontal plane of all the multi-functional drilling assemblies on the drilling rigs; continue to control the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly to drill vertically downwards to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole, thereby forming a rectangular anti-sliding pile hole.

[0026] In step S1, the connection method between the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle located on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole. The connection method is either a vertical drill rod connection or a cable connection.

[0027] If the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drill rod, then the vertical drill rod is installed on the drilling rig, and the lower end of the vertical drill rod is connected to the drilling machine;

[0028] If the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drill rod, then the cable is installed on the drilling rig and the lower end of the cable is used to hoist the drilling machine.

[0029] The drilling rig includes a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel column, a tie rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a slider, and a steel cantilever beam. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the slider.

[0030] When the drilling rig and the drilling machine are connected by the vertical drill rod, a rotary motor is installed on the steel suspension beam and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate.

[0031] When the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle are connected by the cable, a set of winch motors are fixedly installed on the steel suspension beam to drive the cable to suspend the drilling rig in the vertical direction, and a cable support is fixedly installed below the steel suspension beam.

[0032] In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling rig is a soil stratum;

[0033] The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system;

[0034] The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism; the mixing tank is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port, and a slurry inlet; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear, the main gear being driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or by a mixing motor, a main mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the main gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the main mixing shaft; an auxiliary mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the auxiliary mixing shaft.

[0035] The slag suction system includes a slag suction main pipe and a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe branching out from the suction port of the slag suction main pipe. The suction head of the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the multi-functional drill assembly and is located close to the cylindrical drill assembly. Each suction head is provided with a multi-functional slag suction valve. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the slag suction main pipe through a telescopic pipe.

[0036] The grouting system includes a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump installed on the grouting main pipe. One port of the grouting main pipe is connected to the grout inlet on the mixing tank to pump the mud into the mixing tank.

[0037] The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. One end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank to pump the mud and slag in the mixing tank to the ground for collection.

[0038] The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web, wing plates on both sides of the web, and a steel support in the middle of the web. The web includes a horizontal web and a vertical web. The cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylindrical drills and a motor that drives the cylindrical drills to rotate. The cylindrical drill consists of a cylinder and a plurality of agitator assemblies evenly distributed on the surface of the cylinder. The motor shaft passes through the cylinder on both sides, and the end of the motor shaft is correspondingly disposed in the shaft holes of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate. The outer shell of the motor is welded and fixed to the steel support.

[0039] The sliding reaction frame includes a reaction plate, a rail plate, and a connecting plate. The rail plate is installed on the top of the reaction plate, and T-shaped slide rails are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the rail plate. The connecting plate is fixed on both sides of the web of the U-shaped fork plate. A slider is fixed on the top of the connecting plate, and a T-shaped slide groove that mates with the T-shaped slide rail is opened in the slider. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate of the sliding reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the vertical web of the U-shaped fork plate.

[0040] In steps S2 and S5, during the vertical drilling of soil strata by all the multi-functional drilling assemblies on the drilling rigs, the slag suction valve on the suction head of the cylindrical drilling assembly located near the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is closed, and the slag suction valve on the suction head of the cylindrical drilling assembly located near the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is opened to suck the crushed mud and slag from the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked mud and slag and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud and slag. The slag discharge system pumps the mixture of mud and slag from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0041] In step S3, during the process of drilling the soil strata to form the haunch hole using the multi-functional drilling assembly on the drilling rig located near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section, the slag suction valves of all the suction heads on the drilling rig are opened to suck the crushed mud from the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked mud and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud. The slag discharge system pumps the mud and slurry mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0042] In step S4, during the process of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig, located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section, driving the multi-functional drilling assembly to move horizontally outward to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the slag suction valve on the suction head located near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is closed, and the slag suction valve on the suction head located near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is opened, so as to suck the crushed mud and slag from the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device crushes the sucked mud and slag a second time and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. The grouting system pumps mud slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud and slag. The slag discharge system pumps the mud and slag mixture in the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0043] In step S1, the strata drilled by the drilling rig are rock strata;

[0044] The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system;

[0045] The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism disposed on the mixing tank; a slag suction port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag suction system, and a slag discharge port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the multi-functional drilling assembly; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear; the main gear is driven to rotate by a mixing motor or by the lower end of the vertical drill rod; a mixing main rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the main gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing main rotating shaft; a mixing auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing auxiliary rotating shaft;

[0046] The slag suction system includes a slag suction main pipe and a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe branching out from the suction port of the slag suction main pipe. The suction head of the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the multi-functional drill assembly and is located close to the cylindrical drill assembly. Each suction head is provided with a multi-functional slag suction valve. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the slag suction main pipe through a telescopic pipe.

[0047] The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank.

[0048] The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe, a grouting pump, and multi-functional grouting branch pipes. One end of the main grouting pipe is connected to the grouting pump located on the ground, and the other end is connected to several multi-functional grouting branch pipes. The nozzles of the multi-functional grouting branch pipes are connected to the multi-functional drilling assembly and are located close to the cylindrical drilling assembly. Each nozzle is equipped with a multi-functional grouting valve. The multi-functional grouting branch pipes are connected to the main grouting pipe via telescopic pipes.

[0049] The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web, wing plates on both sides of the web, and a steel support in the middle of the web. The web includes a horizontal web and a vertical web. The cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylinders, a motor that drives the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hobbing cutter assemblies spaced apart on the surface of the cylinders, and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies. The hobbing cutter assembly includes a hobbing cutter base and a ring of hobbing cutters fixed on the hobbing cutter base. The reamer assembly includes a reamer base and a reamer that is inclinedly fixed on the reamer base. The motor shaft passes through the cylinders on both sides, and the end of the motor shaft is correspondingly disposed in the shaft holes of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate. The outer shell of the motor is welded and fixed to the steel support.

[0050] The sliding reaction frame includes a reaction plate, a rail plate, and a connecting plate. The rail plate is installed on the top of the reaction plate, and T-shaped slide rails are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the rail plate. The connecting plate is fixed on both sides of the web of the U-shaped fork plate. A slider is fixed on the top of the connecting plate, and a T-shaped slide groove that mates with the T-shaped slide rail is opened in the slider. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate of the sliding reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the vertical web of the U-shaped fork plate.

[0051] In steps S2 and S5, during the vertical drilling of rock formations by all the multi-functional drilling assemblies on the drilling rigs, the slag suction valve on the suction head of the cylindrical drilling assembly located near the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly and the grouting valve on the nozzle are closed, while the grouting valve on the nozzle of the cylindrical drilling assembly located near the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the multi-functional drilling assembly. At the same time, the slag suction valve on the suction head of the cylindrical drilling assembly located near the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is opened to suck the mixture of rock fragments and mud broken by the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked rock fragments and mud mixture and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the rock fragments and mud mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment.

[0052] In step S3, during the process of drilling the rock strata to form the haunch hole using the multi-functional drilling assembly on the drilling rig located near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section, the grouting valves of all the nozzles on the drilling rig are opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the multi-functional drilling assembly. At the same time, the slag suction valves on all the suction heads are opened to suck the slag crushed by the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked slag and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. The grouting system pumps mud into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the slag. The slag discharge system pumps the slag and mud mixture in the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0053] In step S4, during the process of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig, located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section, driving the multi-functional drilling assembly to move horizontally outward to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the slag suction valve on the suction head and the grouting valve on the nozzle, located near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly, are closed, and the grouting valve on the nozzle, located near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly, is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the multi-functional drilling assembly. At the same time, the slag suction valve on the suction head, located near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly, is opened to suck the mixture of rock fragments and mud broken by the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked rock fragments and mud mixture and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the rock fragments and mud mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment.

[0054] The advantages of this invention are:

[0055] (1) According to the different sizes of rectangular pile holes, set up a corresponding number of drilling machines on the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine to form a rectangular structure for drilling rectangular pile holes;

[0056] (2) Based on the required depth of the drilled pile hole, drill rods or cables can be selected to achieve the hoisting connection of the drilling rig; by setting up a multi-functional drilling assembly on the drilling rig, it is possible to drill rectangular anti-slide pile holes with haunches and horizontal cantilever structures in soil or rock strata.

[0057] (3) Multifunctional cylindrical drills can be used to drill rectangular pile holes in mutually perpendicular directions in soil or rock.

[0058] (4) The pile can be drilled in one go with the haunch, horizontal cantilever and vertical pile body without the need for other mechanical assistance, so as to improve construction efficiency and save construction and equipment costs;

[0059] (5) For soil strata, the construction environment is improved and the cost of mud is saved by vacuum suction and mud discharge. For rock strata, mud is injected into the drilling interface to mix with rock blocks to achieve suction. The slag is crushed twice by the crushing box, which can better discharge the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked.

[0060] (6) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, realizing the uninterrupted synchronous operation of drilling and slag removal, reducing construction procedures, saving construction costs, and improving drilling efficiency.

[0061] (7) A cylindrical drill assembly with spaced cutters and rollers can be used to drill rectangular pile holes with horizontal cantilever in rock formations. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram (a) of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of various cross-sections in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram (II) of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 AA section view in the middle;

[0067] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 BB section view in the middle;

[0068] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 CC section view in the middle;

[0069] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 3 DD section view in the middle;

[0070] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional drilling assembly of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 EE section view;

[0072] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 3 FF section view;

[0073] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 3GG section view in the middle;

[0074] Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 3 HH cross-section diagram in the middle;

[0075] Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 3 Section II in the middle;

[0076] Figure 15 This is a top view schematic diagram of the mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram (I) of the mechanical hole-forming method for retractable rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0078] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the mechanical hole-forming method for retractable rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0079] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical drill assembly in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0083] like Figure 1-21 The markings in the diagram are as follows:

[0084] 1. Multifunctional drilling assembly; 2. Mixing device; 3. Crushing device; 4. Slag suction system; 5. Pipeline fixing frame; 6. Slag discharge system; 7. Grouting system; 8. Drilling rig;

[0085] 11. Cylindrical drill assembly, 12. U-shaped fork plate, 13. Sliding reaction frame, 14. Horizontal hydraulic cylinder, 111. Column, 112. Auger assembly, 113. Roller assembly, 114. Motor, 115. Motor shaft, 116. Stirring assembly, 1121. Auger base, 1122. Auger, 1131. Roller base, 1132. Roller, 121. Wing plate, 122. Vertical web plate, 123. Horizontal web plate, 124. Steel support, 125. Shaft hole, 126. Multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole, 127. Multifunctional slag suction main pipe through hole, 128. Multifunctional grouting branch pipe through hole, 129. Multifunctional grouting main pipe through hole, 131. Reaction plate, 132. Rail plate, 133. T-shaped slide rail, 134. Slider, 135. T-shaped slide groove, 136. Connecting plate;

[0086] 21. Mixing tank; 22. Double-layer large blades; 23. Main mixing shaft; 24. Double-layer small blades; 25. Auxiliary mixing shaft; 26. Single-layer small blades; 27. Main gear; 28. Main gear isolation pad; 29. ​​Auxiliary gear; 210. Auxiliary gear isolation pad; 211. Steel cover plate; 212. Mixing motor; 213. Drill rod;

[0087] 31. Crushing box; 32. Middle partition; 33. Connecting pipe; 34. Frame; 35. Fan motor; 36. Fan blades; 37. Crushing blade; 38. Filter screen;

[0088] 41. Main suction pipe for slag removal; 42. Multi-functional suction branch pipe for slag removal; 43. Telescopic pipe; 44. Suction head; 45. Multi-functional suction valve for slag removal.

[0089] 51. Top steel plate, 52. Middle steel plate, 53. Bottom steel plate, 54. Side upright plate, 55. Square through hole, 56. Slag discharge pipe fixing hole, 57. Grouting pipe fixing hole;

[0090] 61. Slag discharge pipe; 62. Slag discharge pump;

[0091] 71. Grouting main pipe; 72. Grouting pump; 73. Multi-functional grouting branch pipe; 74. Nozzle; 75. Multi-functional grouting valve;

[0092] 81. Winch motor; 82. Fixed shaft; 83. Cable; 84. Cable support; 85. Steel cantilever beam; 86. Slider; 87. Steel column; 88. Guide rail; 89. Hinge shaft; 810. Tie rod; 811. Vehicle platform; 812. Rotary motor;

[0093] a. Rock and soil strata, b. Drilling rig, c. Free section pile hole, d. Haunched hole, e. Horizontal cantilever pile hole, f. Embedded section pile hole, g. Pile hole to be excavated. Implementation

[0094] The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0095] Example 1: As Figure 1-17 As shown, this embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded. This embodiment takes soil stratum a and a rectangular deep-hole anti-slide pile as an example for illustration. When simultaneously constructing haunch holes and horizontal cantilever pile holes, the specific steps include:

[0096] (S1) According to the size of the rectangular pile hole, multiple drilling rigs b are combined to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole. The drilling rig 8 and drilling rig b are installed on the ground of the construction site. The drilling rig b is hoisted by the lower end of the cable 83 on the drilling rig 8. The drilling rig b includes, from top to bottom, a pipe fixing frame 5, a slag handling mechanism and a multi-functional drilling assembly 1. The slag handling mechanism includes a mixing device 2, a crushing device 3, a slag suction system 4, a slag discharge system 6 and a grouting system 7.

[0097] like Figure 1 As shown, the drilling rig 8 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 811, a steel column 87, a tie rod 810, a hinge shaft 89, a guide rail 88, a slider 86, a steel cantilever beam 85, a cable support 84, a winch motor 81, a fixed shaft 82, and a cable 83. The vehicle-mounted platform 811 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 87 is vertically mounted at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 811. The tie rod 810 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 87. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 810 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 87, and the lower end... The guide rail 88 is hinged to the hinge shaft 89 of the vehicle platform 811; the guide rail 88 is fixedly attached to the steel column 87 to form a vertical track; the slider 86 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 88 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 85 is fixed to the slider 86; the cable bracket 84 is fixed to the bottom surface of the steel cantilever beam 85; the winch motor 81 is fixed to the steel cantilever beam 85 via the fixed shaft 82; the winch motor 81 is used to drive the cable 83 and the drilling rig suspended at its lower end to perform lifting and lowering movements. It should be noted that, due to the large self-weight of the drilling rig, the drilling rig can move downward under its own weight without the need for the drill rod to press down as before; and the cable 83 has sufficient length to meet the drilling requirements for rectangular deep holes.

[0098] like Figure 1-10As shown, the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 can be used for deep hole drilling of rectangular anti-slide piles, excavation of horizontal cantilever pile holes, and excavation of haunched holes. The multi-functional drilling assembly 1 includes several cylindrical drilling assemblies 11, U-shaped fork plates 12, sliding reaction frames 13, and horizontal hydraulic cylinders 14. The cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 are mounted on the U-shaped fork plates 12 and arranged in a matrix on both the vertical and horizontal planes. That is, the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 can form a rectangular excavation surface on both the vertical and horizontal planes. In this embodiment, the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 are arranged in a right-angled plane. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the sliding reaction frame 13 and drives the U-shaped fork plates 12 to move laterally, thereby driving the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 to move laterally synchronously.

[0099] The U-shaped fork plate 12 consists of a web, wing plates 121 on both sides of the web, and a steel support 124 in the middle of the web. The web includes a horizontal web 123 and a vertical web 122, which form a right-angled surface structure, corresponding to the arrangement of the cylindrical drill assembly 11. The cylindrical drill assembly 11 includes two cylindrical drills and a motor 114 that drives the cylindrical drills to rotate. In this embodiment, there are a total of 5 sets of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (10 cylindrical drills in total), with 2 sets of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (4 cylindrical drills in total) on the vertical plane and 4 sets of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (8 cylindrical drills in total) on the horizontal plane. The cylindrical drill consists of a cylinder 111, several roller cutter assemblies 113 spaced apart on the surface of the cylinder 111, and several reamer assemblies 112 spaced apart between adjacent roller cutter assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111. Specifically, the height of the roller cutter assembly 113 protruding from the cylinder 111 is higher than that of the reamer assembly 112. Therefore, when cutting rock, the roller cutter 1132 on the roller cutter assembly 113 contacts the rock first, that is, the roller cutter assembly 113 presses the rock surface as a whole first. The rock is split into several large blocks, which are then further cut into smaller diameter rock blocks (or rock debris) by the cutter assembly 112. The cutter assembly 113 includes a cutter base 1131 and a ring of cutters 1132 fixed on the cutter base 1131. The cutter assembly 112 includes a cutter base 1121 and cutters 1122. The cutters 1122 are installed at an angle under the fixation of the cutter base 1121 to facilitate the excavation of rock strata. For rock masses, if the cutters 1132 are used to directly crush the rock mass at the excavation face or the cutters 1122 are used for direct excavation, the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the cutter and cutter materials need to meet high requirements, which not only increases the difficulty of developing cutter and cutter materials but also increases construction costs. The combination of roller cutter 1132 and auger cutter 1122, where roller cutter 1132 only fractures the rock mass at the excavation face, reducing its strength and making it easier for auger cutter 1122 to cut the rock, not only reduces the requirements for the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the roller cutter and auger cutter materials, but also reduces wear on the cutter and auger cutter. Therefore, the method of combining roller cutter 1132 first fracturing the rock mass at the excavation face with auger cutter 1122 cutting the fractured low-strength rock mass not only improves work efficiency but also reduces tool wear and lowers construction costs. Steel support 124 is welded or bolted to the housing of motor 114. The motor shaft 115 of motor 114 drives the rotation of the cylinders 111 on both sides, and the end of motor shaft 115 is supported in the shaft holes 125 of the two side flanges 121.The sliding reaction frame 13 includes a reaction plate 131, a rail plate 132, and a connecting plate 136. The rail plate 132 is installed on top of the reaction plate 131. T-shaped slide rails 133 are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the rail plate 132. The connecting plate 136 is fixed on both sides of the web of the U-shaped fork plate 12. A slider 134 is fixed on the top of the connecting plate 136, and a T-shaped groove 135 that mates with the T-shaped slide rails 133 is opened in the slider 134. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the sliding reaction plate 131. On the reaction plate 131 of the force frame 13, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the vertical web plate 122 of the U-shaped fork plate 12. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 drives the vertical web plate 122 of the U-shaped fork plate 12 to drive the slider 134 on the connecting plate 136 to move laterally. Due to the cooperation between the T-shaped groove 135 in the slider 134 and the T-shaped slide rail 133 on the rail plate 132, it can play a guiding role, ensuring the stability and safety of the lateral movement of the multi-functional drill assembly 1.

[0100] When the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is drilling deep holes for rectangular anti-slide piles, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is not working (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is at its minimum stroke), and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is working, drilling the rectangular pile hole downwards. When the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is excavating horizontal cantilever pile holes, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is working (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 extends to the side), and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is working, drilling the horizontal cantilever pile hole to the side. When the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is excavating haunched holes, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is working (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 extends to the side), and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on both the vertical and horizontal planes of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is working, drilling the haunched hole downwards and to the side.

[0101] In addition, the track plate 132 is provided with a multi-functional slag suction main pipe through hole 127 and a multi-functional grouting main pipe through hole 129, which are used to fix the slag suction main pipe 41 of the slag suction system 4 and the grouting main pipe 71 of the grouting system 7, respectively. The web plate is provided with a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe through hole 126 and a multi-functional grouting branch pipe through hole 128, which are used to fix the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 of the slag suction system 4 and the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 of the grouting system 7, respectively. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 is connected to the slag suction main pipe 41 by a telescopic pipe 43, and the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 is also connected to the grouting main pipe 71 by a telescopic pipe 43, so that when the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 moves laterally, the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 and the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 also move accordingly.

[0102] like Figure 1-14 As shown, the rock slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device 2, a crushing device 3, a slag suction system 4, a slag discharge system 6, and a grouting system 7.

[0103] The mixing device 2 mainly includes a mixing box 21 and a mixing mechanism. The mixing box 21 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the sliding reaction frame 13 (rail plate 132). The mixing mechanism includes a main gear 27 and multiple auxiliary gears 29 meshing with it. The main gear 27 is driven to rotate by the mixing motor 212, which in turn drives the auxiliary gears 29 to rotate. A mixing main shaft 23 extending into the mixing box 21 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 27. The mixing main shaft 23 is equipped with mixing blades, which are double-layered large blades 22. Each auxiliary gear 29 is coaxially arranged with a mixing auxiliary shaft 25 extending into the mixing box 21. The mixing auxiliary shaft 25 is also equipped with mixing blades. Some of the mixing auxiliary shafts 25 have double-layered small blades 24, while others have single-layered small blades 26. By mixing the rock debris and mud in the mixing box 21, a uniformly mixed mud can be obtained, which is convenient for discharge. To prevent slurry from seeping into the gearbox containing the main gear 27 and auxiliary gear 29 during mixing, a main gear isolation pad 28 is provided at the connection point between the main mixing shaft 23 and the mixing box 21, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 210 is provided at the connection point between the auxiliary mixing shaft 25 and the mixing box 21. Figure 4 As shown, a steel cover plate 211 is located on top of the gearbox containing the main gear 27 and the auxiliary gear 29, for connecting to the pipe fixing bracket 5. The mixing tank 21 is equipped with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

[0104] A slag suction system 4 is connected to the slag suction port of the mixing tank 21. The slag suction system 4 mainly includes a slag suction main pipe 41 and a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42. One end of the slag suction main pipe 41 is connected to the slag suction port of the mixing tank 21 via the crushing device 3. The other end of the slag suction main pipe 41 (i.e. the suction end) is connected to multiple multi-functional slag suction branch pipes 42. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 extends into the multi-functional drill assembly 1, and the suction head 44 of the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 is close to the cylindrical drill assembly 11 so that it can suck up the rock slag dug out by cutting. A multi-functional slag suction valve 45 is set at the suction head 44 to control the opening and closing of the pipeline.

[0105] The extracted rock debris is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 3 and then enters the mixing tank 21. The crushing device 3 mainly includes a crushing box 31, a partition plate 32, a connecting pipe 33, a frame 34, a blower motor 35, blower blades 36, a crushing blade 37, and a filter screen 38. The partition plate 32 is inclined in the crushing box 31 to form a ramp that facilitates the flow of rock debris. The blower motor 35 is installed on the top plate in the crushing box 31 via the frame 34. The blower motor 35 has blower blades 36 on its rotating shaft. The high-speed rotating blower motor 35 and blower blades 36 can create negative pressure in the slag suction main pipe 41. A crushing blade 37 is installed at the installation location of the blower motor 35 so that the extracted rock debris must be crushed by the crushing blade 37 before entering the mixing tank 21 through the connecting pipe 33. A screen 38 is installed at the end face of the blower motor 35 to filter large rock debris particles and prevent rock debris from flowing into the mixing tank 21 from the blower motor 35.

[0106] The grouting system 7 extends into the multi-functional drilling assembly 1. The grouting system 7 mainly includes a main grouting pipe 71, a grouting pump 72, and multi-functional grouting branch pipes 73. One end of the main grouting pipe 71 is connected to the grouting pump 72 located on the ground, and the other end is connected to several multi-functional grouting branch pipes 73. The multi-functional grouting branch pipes 73 extend into the multi-functional drilling assembly 1, and the nozzles 74 of the multi-functional grouting branch pipes 73 are located near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11. Grouting system 7 injects mud into the rock cuttings, mixing the rock cuttings with the mud, facilitating extraction by the slag suction system 4. A multi-functional grouting valve 75 is installed at the nozzle 74 to control the flow of the pipeline.

[0107] The slag discharge port of the mixing tank 21 is connected to the slag discharge system 6 on the ground. The slag discharge system 6 includes a slag discharge pipe 61 and a slag discharge pump 62. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe 61 is connected to the slag discharge port of the mixing tank 21 and extends downward to a certain depth to facilitate the pumping out more mud. The slag discharge pipe 61 pumps the evenly mixed mud from the mixing tank 21 to the ground for collection and treatment through the slag discharge pump 62.

[0108] like Figure 1-14 As shown, the pipe fixing bracket 5 has a box-shaped structure, including a top steel plate 51, a middle steel plate 52, a bottom steel plate 53, and several side upright plates 54 connecting the three. Furthermore, a square through hole 55 is provided on the bottom steel plate 53 of the pipe fixing bracket 5 for installing the mixing motor 212. Additionally, slag discharge pipe fixing holes 56 for the slag discharge pipe 61 and grouting pipe fixing holes 57 for the grouting main pipe 71 are also provided on the top steel plate 51, the middle steel plate 52, and the bottom steel plate 53. To prevent pipe swaying during drilling, the pipe fixing bracket 5 provides fixation for each passing pipe.

[0109] like Figure 15As shown in this embodiment, when drilling the pile hole g to be excavated on the soil stratum a, two or four drilling rigs b can be set on the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling rig. When two drilling rigs b are set, the free section pile hole c, the haunch hole d, and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled by the two drilling rigs (working simultaneously). When four drilling rigs b are set, the free section pile hole c is drilled by the four drilling rigs b (working simultaneously), and the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled by the two drilling rigs b (working simultaneously) set near the excavation part of the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

[0110] (S2) For example Figure 17 As shown, before drilling downwards, the piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 14 on all drilling rigs b are put into the standby state with the minimum stroke. The cylindrical drilling assembly 11 in the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 (on all drilling rigs b) on the horizontal plane is controlled to drill vertical rectangular pile holes to form free section pile holes c, until the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is reached.

[0111] During this process, the suction head 44 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane (on all drilling rigs b) and the nozzle 74 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The crushing device 3 crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture twice and sends it into the mixing tank 21 for mixing. The slag discharge system 6 pumps the rock and mud mixture in the mixing tank 21 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0112] (S3) such as Figure 17 As shown, after the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 (on all drilling rigs b) reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 (on all drilling rigs b) is moved upward to the top design elevation of the haunch hole d; the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical and horizontal planes and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 in the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 on the drilling rig b, which is located near the excavation part of the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, are activated. While the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 moves downward, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 extends to the side of the rock mass to drive the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 to move laterally, so that the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical and horizontal planes of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 drills the rock mass to form the haunch hole d.

[0113] During this process, the suction head 44 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 and the nozzle 74 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical and horizontal planes (on the drilling rig b near the excavation section of the axle hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The crushing device 3 crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture twice and sends it into the mixing tank 21 for mixing. The slag discharge system 6 pumps the rock and mud mixture in the mixing tank 21 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0114] (S4) such as Figure 17As shown, after the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 (on all drilling rigs b) reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 (on drilling rig b near the haunch hole d and the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) continues to extend to the side of the rock mass to drive the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 to move laterally, so that the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 in the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 drills the rock mass to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

[0115] During this process, the suction head 44 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 and the nozzle 74 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical surface (on the drilling rig b near the excavation section of the axle hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The crushing device 3 crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture twice and sends it into the mixing tank 21 for mixing. The slag discharge system 6 pumps the rock and mud mixture in the mixing tank 21 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0116] (S5) For example Figure 17 As shown, after the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is drilled to the designed length, the cylindrical drill assembly 11 in the vertical plane of the multi-functional drill assembly 1 (located on the drill rig b near the haunch hole d and the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) is closed, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 retracts to the minimum stroke, so that the multi-functional drill assembly 1 moves back into the free section pile hole c.

[0117] During this process, the suction head 44 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 and the nozzle 74 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical face (on the drilling rig b located near the excavation section of the axle hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) are closed.

[0118] Activate the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multi-functional drill assembly 1 (on all drill rigs b) and drill downwards to excavate the embedded section pile hole f until the designed depth of the embedded section pile hole f.

[0119] During this process, the suction head 44 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane (on all drilling rigs b) and the nozzle 74 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The crushing device 3 crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture twice and sends it into the mixing tank 21 for mixing. The slag discharge system 6 pumps the rock and mud mixture in the mixing tank 21 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0120] like Figure 16 As shown, when only horizontal cantilever pile holes are constructed, the construction method steps are as follows:

[0121] (S1) In the soil stratum a, the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 on all drilling rigs b is used to drill vertical rectangular pile holes to form free section pile holes c, until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is reached.

[0122] During this process, the suction head 44 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane (on all drilling rigs b) and the nozzle 74 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The crushing device 3 crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture twice and sends it into the mixing tank 21 for mixing. The slag discharge system 6 pumps the rock and mud mixture in the mixing tank 21 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0123] (S2) After the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 (on all drilling rigs b) reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, close the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multi-functional drilling assembly 1.

[0124] During this process, the suction head 44 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 and the nozzle 74 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane (on all drill rigs b) are shut off.

[0125] The cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical plane and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 in the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 on the drilling rig b, which is located near the excavation section of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, are activated. The piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 extends to the side of the rock mass to drive the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 to move laterally, thereby causing the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 to drill the rock mass and form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

[0126] During this process, the suction head 44 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 and the nozzle 74 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical surface (on the drilling rig b set near the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The crushing device 3 crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture twice and sends it into the mixing tank 21 for mixing. The slag discharge system 6 pumps the rock and mud mixture in the mixing tank 21 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0127] (S3) After the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is drilled to the designed length, the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 (located on the drilling rig b near the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) is closed, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is retracted to the minimum stroke, so that the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 moves back into the free section pile hole c.

[0128] During this process, the suction head 44 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 and the nozzle 74 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical surface (on the drilling rig b located near the horizontal cantilever pile hole e excavation section) are closed.

[0129] Activate the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multi-functional drill assembly 1 (on all drill rigs b) and drill downwards to excavate the embedded section pile hole f until the designed depth of the embedded section pile hole f.

[0130] During this process, the suction head 44 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 42 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane (on all drilling rigs b) and the nozzle 74 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 73 respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The crushing device 3 crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture twice and sends it into the mixing tank 21 for mixing. The slag discharge system 6 pumps the rock and mud mixture in the mixing tank 21 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0131] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0132] (1) According to the different sizes of rectangular pile holes, set up a corresponding number of drilling machines on the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine to form a rectangular structure for drilling rectangular pile holes;

[0133] (2) A multi-functional cylindrical drill with horizontal and vertical cutters and cutters installed at intervals using cables and belts can be used to drill and excavate horizontal cantilever or rectangular pile holes with haunches in deep rock mass.

[0134] (3) Multifunctional cylindrical drills can be used to drill rectangular pile holes that are perpendicular to each other in the rock mass.

[0135] (4) The haunch structure, horizontal cantilever structure and vertical pile body can all be drilled in one go without other mechanical assistance, so as to improve construction efficiency and save construction and equipment costs;

[0136] (5) The rock is crushed twice by the crushing box, which can better discharge it from the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked;

[0137] (6) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, realizing the uninterrupted synchronous operation of drilling and slag removal, reducing construction procedures, saving construction costs, and improving drilling efficiency.

[0138] Example 2: This example specifically relates to a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the construction of rectangular shallow-hole anti-slide piles is required in soil stratum a. Figure 18 As shown, the drilling rig 8 is connected to the drilling machine via a vertical drill rod 213.

[0139] The drilling rig 8 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 811, a steel column 87, a tie rod 810, a hinge shaft 89, a guide rail 88, a slider 86, a steel cantilever beam 85, and a rotary motor 812. The vehicle-mounted platform 811 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 87 is vertically mounted at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 811. The tie rod 810 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 87. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 810 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 87, and the lower end is connected to the hinge shaft 89 on the vehicle-mounted platform 811. The guide rail 88 is hinged to the steel column 87 to form a vertical track. The slider 86 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 88 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism. The steel cantilever beam 85 is fixed on the slider 86, and the rotary motor 812 is mounted on the steel cantilever beam 85. The vertically arranged drill rod 213 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 812 and can move vertically with the slider 86, that is, the drill rod 213 can drill downward under the drive of the slider 83.

[0140] It should also be noted that when the drilling rig 8 is connected to the drilling machine using the drill rod 213, the main gear 27 in the mixing mechanism no longer needs to be driven by a separate mixing motor 212. The lower end of the drill rod 213 can be directly connected to the main gear 27 and driven to rotate.

[0141] The remaining hole-forming construction methods and steps in this embodiment are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0142] Example 3: This example specifically relates to a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded. Unlike Example 1, this example requires the construction of rectangular deep-hole anti-slide piles in soil strata. Therefore, improvements were made to the grouting system 7 and the cylindrical drill assembly 11, as follows:

[0143] like Figure 19 As shown, the grouting system 7, which originally led to the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 in Example 1, is adjusted to lead to the mixing tank 21. The excavated mud can be sucked into the mixing tank 21 by the slag suction system 4 without the need for additional grouting. The grouting system 7 can further adjust the mud concentration by grouting into the mixing tank 21, so as to facilitate the slag discharge system 6 to discharge the mud mixture in the mixing tank 21.

[0144] like Figure 20 As shown, the soil layer drilled in this example has low strength. The cylindrical drill assembly 111 is modified to have several evenly distributed cutting tool assemblies 116 on its surface. Each cutting tool assembly 116 includes a cutting tool base and a cutting tool. The cutting tool is installed at an angle under the fixation of the cutting tool base to facilitate the excavation of the soil.

[0145] The remaining hole-forming construction methods and steps in this embodiment are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0146] Example 4: This example specifically relates to a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded. Unlike Example 1, this example requires the construction of rectangular shallow-hole anti-slide piles in soil strata. Therefore, improvements were made to the grouting system 7 and the cylindrical drill assembly 11, as well as the connection method between the drilling rig 8 and the drilling machine, as detailed below:

[0147] like Figure 21 As shown, the grouting system 7, which originally led to the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 in Example 1, is adjusted to lead to the mixing tank 21. The excavated mud can be sucked into the mixing tank 21 by the slag suction system 4 without the need for additional grouting. The grouting system 7 can further adjust the mud concentration by grouting into the mixing tank 21, so as to facilitate the slag discharge system 6 to discharge the mud mixture in the mixing tank 21.

[0148] like Figure 20 As shown, the soil layer drilled in this example has low strength. The cylindrical drill assembly 111 is modified to have several evenly distributed cutting tool assemblies 116 on its surface. Each cutting tool assembly 116 includes a cutting tool base and a cutting tool. The cutting tool is installed at an angle under the fixation of the cutting tool base to facilitate the excavation of the soil.

[0149] like Figure 21 As shown, the drilling rig 8 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 811, a steel column 87, a tie rod 810, a hinge shaft 89, a guide rail 88, a slider 86, a steel cantilever beam 85, and a rotary motor 812. The vehicle-mounted platform 811 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 87 is vertically mounted on the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 811. The tie rod 810 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 87. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 810 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 87, and the lower end is connected to the hinge shaft on the vehicle-mounted platform 811. 89 are hinged together; the guide rail 88 is fixedly attached to the steel column 87 to form a vertical track, and the slider 86 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 88 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 85 is fixed on the slider 86, the rotary motor 812 is mounted on the steel cantilever beam 85, and the vertically arranged drill rod 213 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 812 and can move vertically with the slider 86, that is, the drill rod 213 can drill downward under the drive of the slider 83.

[0150] The remaining hole-forming construction methods and steps in this embodiment are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0151] Although the above embodiments have described the concept and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, and therefore will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded, characterized in that... The mechanical hole-forming method includes the following steps: S1: Based on the dimensions of the rectangular pile hole, multiple drilling rigs are combined to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the dimensions of the rectangular pile hole; a slag handling mechanism and a multi-functional drilling assembly are sequentially installed on each drilling rig from top to bottom; wherein: The multi-functional drilling assembly includes several cylindrical drilling assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding reaction frame, and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder. The cylindrical drilling assemblies are mounted on the U-shaped fork plate and arranged in a matrix on both the vertical and horizontal planes. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding reaction frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally. S2: Put the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on all the drilling rigs into the standby state of minimum stroke, and control the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly on all the drilling rigs to drill downwards into the strata until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, so as to form the free section of the rectangular pile hole. S3: Move all the multi-functional drilling assemblies on the drilling rig upwards to the top design elevation of the haunch hole, and activate the cylindrical drilling assembly and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the vertical and horizontal planes of the multi-functional drilling assemblies on the drilling rig located near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section. Driven by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical and horizontal planes of the multi-functional drilling assemblies drills the haunch hole toward the side of the rectangular pile hole. S4: Control the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly to drill outwards the horizontal cantilever pile hole until the designed length of the horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached; S5: Retract the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to its minimum stroke and stop working; shut down the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly; open the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the horizontal plane of all the multi-functional drilling assemblies on the drilling rigs; continue to control the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly to drill vertically downwards to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole, thereby forming a rectangular anti-sliding pile hole.

2. The mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In step S1, the connection method between the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle located on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole. The connection method is either a vertical drill rod connection or a cable connection. If the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drill rod, then the vertical drill rod is installed on the drilling rig, and the lower end of the vertical drill rod is connected to the drilling machine; If the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drill rod, then the cable is installed on the drilling rig and the lower end of the cable is used to hoist the drilling machine.

3. The mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The drilling rig includes a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel column, a tie rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a slider, and a steel cantilever beam. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the slider. When the drilling rig and the drilling machine are connected by the vertical drill rod, a rotary motor is installed on the steel suspension beam and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate. When the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle are connected by the cable, a set of winch motors are fixedly installed on the steel suspension beam to drive the cable to suspend the drilling rig in the vertical direction, and a cable support is fixedly installed below the steel suspension beam.

4. The mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling rig is a soil stratum; The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system; The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism; the mixing tank is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port, and a slurry inlet; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear, the main gear being driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or by a mixing motor, a main mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the main gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the main mixing shaft; an auxiliary mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the auxiliary mixing shaft. The slag suction system includes a slag suction main pipe and a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe branching out from the suction port of the slag suction main pipe. The suction head of the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the multi-functional drill assembly and is located close to the cylindrical drill assembly. Each suction head is provided with a multi-functional slag suction valve. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the slag suction main pipe through a telescopic pipe. The grouting system includes a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump installed on the grouting main pipe. One port of the grouting main pipe is connected to the grout inlet on the mixing tank to pump the mud into the mixing tank. The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. One end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank to pump the mud and slag in the mixing tank to the ground for collection.

5. The mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web, wing plates on both sides of the web, and a steel support in the middle of the web. The web includes a horizontal web and a vertical web. The cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylindrical drills and a motor that drives the cylindrical drills to rotate. The cylindrical drill consists of a cylinder and a plurality of agitator assemblies evenly distributed on the surface of the cylinder. The motor shaft passes through the cylinder on both sides, and the end of the motor shaft is correspondingly disposed in the shaft holes of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate. The outer shell of the motor is welded and fixed to the steel support. The sliding reaction frame includes a reaction plate, a rail plate, and a connecting plate. The rail plate is installed on the top of the reaction plate, and T-shaped slide rails are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the rail plate. The connecting plate is fixed on both sides of the web of the U-shaped fork plate. A slider is fixed on the top of the connecting plate, and a T-shaped slide groove that mates with the T-shaped slide rail is opened in the slider. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate of the sliding reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the vertical web of the U-shaped fork plate.

6. The mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... In steps S2 and S5, during the vertical drilling of soil strata by all the multi-functional drilling assemblies on the drilling rigs, the slag suction valve on the suction head of the cylindrical drilling assembly located near the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is closed, and the slag suction valve on the suction head of the cylindrical drilling assembly located near the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is opened to suck the crushed mud and slag from the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked mud and slag and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud and slag. The slag discharge system pumps the mixture of mud and slag from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time. In step S3, during the process of drilling the soil strata to form the haunch hole using the multi-functional drilling assembly on the drilling rig located near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section, the slag suction valves of all the suction heads on the drilling rig are opened to suck the crushed mud from the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked mud and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud. The slag discharge system pumps the mud and slurry mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time. In step S4, during the process of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig, located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section, driving the multi-functional drilling assembly to move horizontally outward to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the slag suction valve on the suction head located near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is closed, and the slag suction valve on the suction head located near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is opened, so as to suck the crushed mud and slag from the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device crushes the sucked mud and slag a second time and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. The grouting system pumps mud slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud and slag. The slag discharge system pumps the mud and slag mixture in the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

7. The mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... In step S1, the strata drilled by the drilling rig are rock strata; The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system; The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism disposed on the mixing tank; a slag suction port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag suction system, and a slag discharge port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the multi-functional drilling assembly; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear; the main gear is driven to rotate by a mixing motor or by the lower end of the vertical drill rod; a mixing main rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the main gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing main rotating shaft; a mixing auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing auxiliary rotating shaft; The slag suction system includes a slag suction main pipe and a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe branching out from the suction port of the slag suction main pipe. The suction head of the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the multi-functional drill assembly and is located close to the cylindrical drill assembly. Each suction head is provided with a multi-functional slag suction valve. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the slag suction main pipe through a telescopic pipe. The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank. The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe, a grouting pump, and multi-functional grouting branch pipes. One end of the main grouting pipe is connected to the grouting pump located on the ground, and the other end is connected to several multi-functional grouting branch pipes. The nozzles of the multi-functional grouting branch pipes are connected to the multi-functional drilling assembly and are located close to the cylindrical drilling assembly. Each nozzle is equipped with a multi-functional grouting valve. The multi-functional grouting branch pipes are connected to the main grouting pipe via telescopic pipes.

8. A mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that... The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web, wing plates on both sides of the web, and a steel support in the middle of the web. The web includes a horizontal web and a vertical web. The cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylinders, a motor that drives the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hobbing cutter assemblies spaced apart on the surface of the cylinders, and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies. The hobbing cutter assembly includes a hobbing cutter base and a ring of hobbing cutters fixed on the hobbing cutter base. The reamer assembly includes a reamer base and a reamer that is inclinedly fixed on the reamer base. The motor shaft passes through the cylinders on both sides, and the end of the motor shaft is correspondingly disposed in the shaft holes of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate. The outer shell of the motor is welded and fixed to the steel support. The sliding reaction frame includes a reaction plate, a rail plate, and a connecting plate. The rail plate is installed on the top of the reaction plate, and T-shaped slide rails are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the rail plate. The connecting plate is fixed on both sides of the web of the U-shaped fork plate. A slider is fixed on the top of the connecting plate, and a T-shaped slide groove that mates with the T-shaped slide rail is opened in the slider. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate of the sliding reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the vertical web of the U-shaped fork plate.

9. A mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever that can be expanded, as described in claim 8, is characterized in that... In steps S2 and S5, during the vertical drilling of rock formations by all the multi-functional drilling assemblies on the drilling rigs, the slag suction valve on the suction head of the cylindrical drilling assembly located near the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly and the grouting valve on the nozzle are closed, while the grouting valve on the nozzle of the cylindrical drilling assembly located near the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the multi-functional drilling assembly. At the same time, the slag suction valve on the suction head of the cylindrical drilling assembly located near the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly is opened to suck the mixture of rock fragments and mud broken by the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked rock fragments and mud mixture and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the rock fragments and mud mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment. In step S3, during the process of drilling the rock strata to form the haunch hole using the multi-functional drilling assembly on the drilling rig located near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section, the grouting valves of all the nozzles on the drilling rig are opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the multi-functional drilling assembly. At the same time, the slag suction valves on all the suction heads are opened to suck the slag crushed by the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked slag and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. The grouting system pumps mud into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the slag. The slag discharge system pumps the slag and mud mixture in the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time. In step S4, during the process of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig, located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section, driving the multi-functional drilling assembly to move horizontally outward to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the slag suction valve on the suction head and the grouting valve on the nozzle, located near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly, are closed, and the grouting valve on the nozzle, located near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly, is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the multi-functional drilling assembly. At the same time, the slag suction valve on the suction head, located near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly, is opened to suck the mixture of rock fragments and mud broken by the multi-functional drilling assembly into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked rock fragments and mud mixture and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the rock fragments and mud mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment.

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