Ventilation system and method for underground powerhouse

Abstract

The application discloses an underground powerhouse ventilation system, which comprises a powerhouse ventilation hole, a traffic hole, and a vertical shaft. The powerhouse ventilation hole is arranged around the underground powerhouse group. One end of the traffic hole is communicated with the powerhouse ventilation hole. The bottom end of the vertical shaft is communicated with the other end of the traffic hole. A plurality of groups of communicating installation grooves are arranged on the side wall of the powerhouse ventilation hole, the two side walls of the traffic hole, and the two side walls of the vertical shaft corresponding to the traffic hole. An air inlet pipe is arranged in one side of the installation grooves, and an air outlet pipe is arranged in the other side of the installation grooves. The inlet of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the outside, and the outlet is communicated with each powerhouse of the underground powerhouse group. The inlet of the air outlet pipe is communicated with each powerhouse of the underground powerhouse group, and the outlet is communicated with the outside. A blower is arranged at the inlet of the air inlet pipe. A suction fan is arranged at the outlet of the air inlet pipe communicated with each powerhouse, the inlet of the air outlet pipe communicated with each powerhouse, and the outlet of the air outlet pipe. The application can effectively reduce the operation range and the operation difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower technology, specifically to a ventilation system and method for an underground powerhouse. Background Technology

[0002] Underground powerhouses of hydropower stations are typically constructed underground in complex terrain areas to house turbines, generators, and various auxiliary equipment. They generally consist of the main powerhouse and auxiliary powerhouses, and may also include intake tunnels, tailrace tunnels, etc., as needed. As a complex of hydraulic structures, mechanical and electrical equipment, and a place for operational personnel to conduct production activities, the ventilation system is an essential component of the underground powerhouse design and construction. To minimize mutual interference between different chambers, separate intake and exhaust tunnels are typically installed to ventilate each powerhouse. However, having separate intake and exhaust tunnels for multiple powerhouses results in a large operating area and long operating cycles, especially in areas with complex terrain, where the operational difficulty is even greater. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an underground factory ventilation system that only requires the excavation of interconnected vertical shafts, access tunnels, and factory ventilation tunnels, and connects each factory building with air inlet pipes and air outlet pipes installed on its side walls, thereby achieving ventilation between each factory building and the outside world.

[0004] To achieve these and other advantages according to the present invention, an underground plant ventilation system is provided, comprising:

[0005] The ventilation shafts of the factory buildings are located around the underground factory complex.

[0006] A traffic tunnel, which is horizontally positioned and has one end connected to the ventilation tunnel of the factory building;

[0007] A vertical shaft, which is vertically installed and whose bottom end is connected to the other end of the traffic tunnel;

[0008] Multiple sets of interconnected mounting grooves are provided on the side walls of the ventilation tunnel of the factory building, the two side walls of the traffic tunnel, and the two side walls of the vertical shaft connected thereto. An air inlet pipe is installed in the mounting groove on one side, and an air outlet pipe is installed in the mounting groove on the other side. Multiple limiting structures are provided on the side walls outside the mounting grooves to lock the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe in the corresponding mounting grooves. The air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are both detachably connected from multiple ventilation pipe sections. The inlet of the air inlet pipe is connected to the outside, and the outlet is connected to each factory building in the underground factory building complex. The inlet of the air outlet pipe is connected to each factory building in the underground factory building complex, and the outlet is connected to the outside. A blower is provided at the inlet of the air inlet pipe. A suction fan is provided at the connection points between the outlet of the air inlet pipe and each factory building, the connection points between the inlet of the air outlet pipe and each factory building, and the outlet of the air outlet pipe.

[0009] Preferably, in the underground plant ventilation system, two coaxial adjacent ventilation duct sections are detachably connected by a connecting structure, the connecting structure including:

[0010] The first connecting pipe is coaxial with the ventilation pipe and has the same outer diameter and is disposed between two adjacent ventilation pipes. A ventilation fan is detachably installed inside the first connecting pipe.

[0011] A pair of second connecting pipes are coaxial with the first connecting pipe and moved in the opposite direction to be sleeved on the outer periphery of the first connecting pipe. The two ends of each second connecting pipe are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of the first connecting pipe and the ventilation pipe. A first limiting plate is provided at both ends of the two second connecting pipes facing away from each other. A limiting block is provided on each ventilation pipe. The limiting block is provided with a limiting hole. The first limiting plate is moved and inserted into the corresponding limiting hole.

[0012] Preferably, in the underground plant ventilation system, two pairs of support blocks are provided on the first connecting pipe between the two second connecting pipes. The support blocks are provided with support holes, and a rack parallel to the axis of the first connecting pipe is movably inserted into each pair of support holes. The tooth surfaces of the two racks are opposite to each other, and one end of each rack is connected to its corresponding second connecting pipe. A rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the first connecting pipe between the two racks, and a gear meshing with each rack is provided on the rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, in the underground plant ventilation system, the second connecting pipe is provided with multiple vent holes. When the second connecting pipe moves to contact and abut against the limiting block, the vent holes correspond to the gap between the ventilation pipe and the first connecting pipe.

[0014] Preferably, in the underground plant ventilation system, a pair of clamping blocks are provided on the ventilation pipe on the side of the limiting block away from the second connecting pipe, the limiting hole is located between the pair of clamping blocks, and a second limiting plate is detachably provided between the clamping block and the limiting block, the second limiting plate contacting and abutting against the first limiting plate.

[0015] Preferably, in the underground plant ventilation system, a plurality of receiving grooves are arranged on the side wall of the limiting block corresponding to the clamping block, a ball protruding from the groove opening is provided in the receiving groove, a spring is provided between the ball and the bottom wall of the receiving groove, and a plurality of recesses corresponding to the ball are provided on the second limiting plate.

[0016] Preferably, in the underground plant ventilation system, a radial support rod is provided near one end of the ventilation duct, and a connection hole is provided at both ends of the support rod. A pair of connecting rods corresponding to the two connection holes are provided in the first connecting duct.

[0017] Preferably, in the underground plant ventilation system, a filter screen is movable inside the ventilation duct, a pair of slide rails are provided on the inner side wall of the ventilation duct, a slider is movable and inserted into the slide rails around the filter screen, an internally threaded tube is provided in the middle of the filter screen, and a screw is rotatably provided in the middle of the support rod, the screw being inserted into the internally threaded tube.

[0018] Preferably, in the underground plant ventilation system, the limiting structure includes:

[0019] The first limiting tube is set on the wall of the hole on one side of the mounting groove;

[0020] The second limiting tube is disposed on the other side wall of the mounting groove and is coaxially disposed with the first limiting tube. The end of the second limiting tube away from the first limiting tube is sealed.

[0021] A limiting rod passes through the first limiting tube and one end is inserted into the second limiting tube. A horizontal adjusting rod is movably provided on the limiting rod through a threaded structure. An adjusting plate is provided at one end of the adjusting rod located in the mounting groove. The adjusting plate contacts and abuts against the ventilation pipe.

[0022] The present invention also provides a ventilation method using an underground plant ventilation system, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Construct ventilation tunnels around the underground factory complex, and simultaneously construct vertical shafts;

[0024] Step 2: Construct a passageway connecting the factory's ventilation shaft and the vertical shaft;

[0025] Step 3: Simultaneously install the air inlet pipe and air outlet pipe within the installation groove;

[0026] Step 4: Install hair dryers and vacuum cleaners in all locations;

[0027] Step 5: Turn on all blowers and exhaust fans to allow fresh outside air to enter each workshop of the underground factory complex through the blowers, air supply pipes, and exhaust fans at the outlets of the air supply pipes and the connections between the outlets and the workshops. At the same time, non-fresh air in each workshop of the underground factory complex is discharged to the outside through the exhaust fans at the inlets of the exhaust pipes, the exhaust pipes, and the exhaust fans at the outlets of the exhaust pipes.

[0028] This invention includes at least the following beneficial effects: The side walls of the connected shafts, access tunnels, and factory ventilation tunnels are provided with interconnected installation grooves. These grooves contain air inlet pipes and outlet pipes, each with openings at both ends connecting to the outside environment and each factory building within the underground factory complex. A blower is installed at the inlet of the air inlet pipe, and a suction fan is installed at the outlet of the air outlet pipe. This creates a pathway between the blower, air inlet pipes, each factory building, outlet pipes, and suction fan. Under the action of the blower, fresh outside air is delivered into each factory building through the air inlet pipes. Meanwhile, under the action of the suction fan, the old air in each factory building is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe, realizing ventilation of each factory building. This ventilation system only requires the excavation of connecting vertical shafts, traffic tunnels, and factory building ventilation tunnels, with air inlet pipes and air outlet pipes installed on their side walls. The air inlet pipe outlet and air outlet pipe inlet are connected to each factory building in the factory building ventilation tunnel, thereby realizing the connection and air exchange between each factory building and the outside. There is no need to excavate air inlet tunnels and air outlet tunnels separately for each factory building, which can effectively reduce the scope of operation, shorten the operation cycle, and reduce the difficulty of operation.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a construction site water recycling system according to one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a side view of the construction site water recycling system according to one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between two coaxial adjacent ventilation pipes in one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the clamping block, the second limiting plate, and the limiting block in one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a side view of the limiting block structure in one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the ventilation pipe and the limiting structure in one of the technical solutions of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0037] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the reagents and materials mentioned are commercially available. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connection or setting, detachable connection or setting, or integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The terms "lateral," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a ventilation system for an underground factory, comprising:

[0040] Factory ventilation shaft 1 is surrounded by underground factory complex 2;

[0041] Traffic tunnel 4 is horizontally positioned and one end of it is connected to the ventilation tunnel 1 of the factory building;

[0042] Shaft 6 is vertically arranged and its bottom end is connected to the other end of the traffic tunnel 4;

[0043] Multiple sets of interconnected mounting grooves 5 are provided on the side walls of the ventilation tunnel 1 of the factory building, the two side walls of the traffic tunnel 4, and the two side walls of the vertical shaft 6 connected thereto. An air inlet pipe 9 is provided in one mounting groove 5, and an air outlet pipe 3 is provided in the mounting groove 5 on the other side. Multiple limiting structures are provided on the side walls outside the mounting grooves 5 to lock the air inlet pipe 9 and the air outlet pipe 3 in the corresponding mounting grooves 5. The air inlet pipe 9 and the air outlet pipe 3 are both detachably connected from multiple ventilation pipes 10. The inlet of the air inlet pipe 9 is connected to the outside, and the outlet is connected to each factory building of the underground factory building group 2. The inlet of the air outlet pipe 3 is connected to each factory building of the underground factory building group 2, and the outlet is connected to the outside. A blower 8 is provided at the inlet of the air inlet pipe 9. A suction fan 7 is provided at the outlet of the air inlet pipe 9 where it connects to each factory building, at the inlet of the air outlet pipe 3 where it connects to each factory building, and at the outlet of the air outlet pipe 3.

[0044] The underground powerhouse ventilation system provided by this technical solution mainly consists of a vertical shaft 6, a traffic tunnel 4, and a powerhouse ventilation tunnel 1 connected in sequence. The vertical shaft 6 is vertically arranged, and the traffic tunnel 4 is horizontally arranged, which can be used for transporting equipment and materials for hydropower station construction. The powerhouse ventilation tunnel 1 is located around the underground powerhouse complex 2 and is used for temporary storage during equipment and material transfer and distribution. Its ring structure facilitates airflow. The side walls of the powerhouse ventilation tunnel 1, the two side walls of the traffic tunnel 4, and the two sides of the vertical shaft 6 corresponding to the two side walls of the traffic tunnel 4 are also connected. Multiple sets of interconnected mounting grooves 5 are provided on the wall, with each set of mounting grooves 5 extending sequentially along the side walls of the connected factory ventilation tunnel 1, traffic tunnel 4, and shaft 6. An air inlet pipe 9 is installed in one mounting groove 5, and an air outlet pipe 3 is installed in the other mounting groove 5. A blower 8 is installed at the inlet of the air inlet pipe 9 and connects to the outside. The outlet of the air inlet pipe 9 is located inside the factory ventilation tunnel 1 and connects to each factory building in the underground factory complex 2. A suction fan 7 is installed at the connection point, which draws air from the air inlet pipe. Air inside the ventilation duct 9 is drawn in and delivered to each workshop, allowing fresh outside air to enter each workshop sequentially via blower 8, inlet duct 9, and exhaust fan 7. The inlet of outlet duct 3 is located inside the ventilation tunnel 1 of the workshop and connects to each workshop in the underground workshop complex 2. An exhaust fan 7 is also installed at the connection point, drawing in air from each workshop and delivering it to outlet duct 3. An exhaust fan 7 is also installed at the outlet of outlet duct 3, connecting to the outside, drawing in air from outlet duct 3 and discharging it to the outside, allowing fresh outside air to enter each workshop in the underground workshop complex 2. The old air inside the room is discharged to the outside through the inlet of the air outlet duct 3 and the suction fan 7 at the connection point between the air outlet duct 3 and each factory building, the air outlet duct 3, and the suction fan 7 at the outlet of the air outlet duct 3, thereby realizing the air circulation and replacement of each factory building in the underground factory building group 2. Multiple limiting structures are provided on the side wall outside the mounting groove 5 to lock the air inlet duct 9 and the air outlet duct 3 in the mounting groove 5 to prevent the air inlet duct 9 and the air outlet duct 3 from shaking. The air inlet duct 9 and the air outlet duct 3 are both made of multiple detachable ventilation pipes 10, which is convenient for disassembly, installation, maintenance and repair.

[0045] The ventilation process of the underground factory ventilation system provided by this technical solution is as follows: According to the ventilation needs, the blower 8 and each suction fan 7 are turned on, so that the fresh air from the outside enters each factory of the underground factory group 2 through the blower 8, the air inlet pipe 9, the outlet of the air inlet pipe 9 and the blower 8 at the connection point of each factory. At the same time, the old air in each factory of the underground factory group 2 is discharged to the outside through the inlet of the air outlet pipe 3 and the suction fan 7 at the connection point of each factory, the air outlet pipe 3, and the suction fan 7 at the outlet of the air outlet pipe 3, thereby realizing the ventilation and air exchange needs of each factory of the underground factory group 2.

[0046] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: In this invention, a connecting installation groove 5 is provided on the side wall of the connected vertical shaft 6, traffic tunnel 4, and factory ventilation tunnel 1. An air inlet pipe 9 and an air outlet pipe 3, open at both ends and connected to the outside and each factory building of the underground factory building group 2, are installed in the installation groove 5. A blower 8 is installed at the inlet of the air inlet pipe 9, and a suction fan 7 is installed at the outlet of the air outlet pipe 3. This creates a passageway between the blower 8, the air inlet pipe 9, each factory building, the air outlet pipe 3, and the suction fan 7. Under the action of the blower 8, fresh air from the outside is delivered into each factory building through the air inlet pipe 9. Simultaneously, under the action of the suction fan 7, stale air in each factory building is discharged to the outside through the air outlet pipe 3, achieving ventilation and air exchange in each factory building. This ventilation system only requires excavating the connecting vertical shaft 6, traffic tunnel 4, and factory ventilation tunnel 1, installing the air inlet pipe 9 and air outlet pipe 3 on their side walls, and in the factory ventilation tunnel 1... The air inlet duct 9 and the air outlet duct 3 are connected to each factory building, thereby enabling ventilation between each factory building and the outside environment. This eliminates the need to dig separate air inlet and outlet tunnels for each factory building, effectively reducing the scope of work, shortening the work cycle, and reducing the difficulty of the work. The air inlet duct 9 and the air outlet duct 3 are set in the installation groove 5, reducing the space occupied by the vertical shaft 6, the traffic tunnel 4, and the factory ventilation tunnel 1, so as not to hinder equipment transportation, installation, and other work. The air inlet duct 9 and the air outlet duct 3 are locked in the installation groove 5 by a limiting structure to prevent them from shaking at will and improve structural safety. A suction fan 7 is installed at the connection point between the outlet of the air inlet duct 9 and the factory building, the connection point between the inlet of the air outlet duct 3 and the factory building, and the outlet of the air outlet duct 3 to accelerate the air circulation speed. The factory ventilation tunnel 1 is surrounded by the underground factory building group 2, which is conducive to the air flow in the tunnel.

[0047] In another technical solution, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the underground plant ventilation system, two coaxial adjacent ventilation pipe sections 10 are detachably connected by a connecting structure, which includes:

[0048] The first connecting pipe 16 is coaxial with the ventilation pipe 10 and has the same outer diameter and is disposed between two adjacent ventilation pipes 10. A ventilation fan is detachably installed inside the first connecting pipe 16.

[0049] A pair of second connecting pipes 13 are coaxial with and opposite to the first connecting pipe 16 and are sleeved on the outer periphery of the first connecting pipe 16. The two ends of each second connecting pipe 13 are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of the first connecting pipe 16 and the ventilation pipe 10. A first limiting plate 12 is provided at both ends of the two second connecting pipes 13 facing away from each other. A limiting block 11 is provided on each ventilation pipe 10. The limiting block 11 is provided with a limiting hole. The first limiting plate 12 is movably inserted into the corresponding limiting hole. The first connecting pipe 16 is coaxially arranged with the ventilation pipe 10. Moving the two second connecting pipes 13 in opposite directions allows the second connecting pipes 13 to be simultaneously fitted over both the first connecting pipe 16 and the second connecting pipe 13, connecting the first connecting pipe 16 and the second connecting pipe 13. At the same time, the first limiting plate 12 moves and is inserted into the limiting hole to consolidate the position of the second connecting pipe 13, making the structure more stable. Moving the second connecting pipes 13 towards each other allows both second connecting pipes 13 to detach from their corresponding ventilation pipes 10 and only fit over the first connecting pipe 16, causing the second connecting pipe 13 to be misaligned with the ventilation pipe 10. The first connecting pipe 16 can be removed from between two adjacent ventilation pipes 10; it is easy to disassemble and reassemble and the connection is reliable; in this technical solution, the outer frame of the ventilation fan can be set as a ring and set inside the first connecting pipe 16 through a threaded structure, which is easy to disassemble and reassemble and the structure is stable; the ventilation fan 10 is set inside the first connecting pipe 16 to accelerate airflow; annular limiting grooves are provided on the outer periphery of the first connecting pipe and the outer periphery of the ventilation pipe near the connection end of the first connecting pipe and the ventilation pipe, and a sealing ring is fitted at the limiting groove to ensure the sealing between the second connecting pipe and the first connecting pipe, and between the second connecting pipe and the ventilation pipe.

[0050] In another technical solution, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the underground plant ventilation system, two pairs of support blocks 18 are provided on the first connecting pipe 16 between the two second connecting pipes 13. Each support block 18 has support holes, and a rack 17 parallel to the axis of the first connecting pipe 16 is movably inserted into each pair of support holes, with the tooth surfaces of the two racks 17 facing each other. One end of each rack 17 is connected to its corresponding second connecting pipe 13. A rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the first connecting pipe 16 between the two racks 17, and a gear 19 meshing with each rack 17 is provided on the rotating shaft. The support blocks 18 are used to restrict the position of the racks 17, keeping them parallel to each other. When the rotating shaft is rotated, the gears 19 rotate with the shaft, causing the two meshing racks 17 to move towards or away from each other, thereby causing the two second connecting pipes 13 to move towards or away from each other, separating or connecting with their corresponding ventilation pipes 10.

[0051] In another technical solution, such as Figure 3As shown, in the underground plant ventilation system, the second connecting pipe 13 is provided with multiple vent holes 15. When the second connecting pipe 13 moves to contact and abut against the limiting block 11, the vent holes 15 correspond to the gap between the ventilation pipe 10 and the first connecting pipe 16. During the construction of the internal structure / equipment of each plant, the required equipment and materials can be transported and stored through the shaft 6, traffic tunnel 4, and plant ventilation tunnel 1. During the maintenance / installation of the ventilation pipe 10, personnel will stay in the shaft 6, traffic tunnel 4, and plant ventilation tunnel 1, so ventilation is required to provide sufficient oxygen. However, since the traditional two-pipe connection method is to lock the two pipes seamlessly with a flange structure, if each ventilation pipe 10 is connected by a flange structure, it can only ventilate each plant. It is necessary to install a separate ventilation structure to ventilate the shaft 6, traffic tunnel 4, and plant ventilation tunnel 1, which will increase the equipment investment cost. Therefore, this technical solution... The design involves using a second connecting pipe 13 with multiple vent holes 15 to move and connect the ventilation pipe 10 and the first connecting pipe 16. First, the gap between the ventilation pipe 10 and the first connecting pipe 16 is sealed to ventilate only the workshops. When the second connecting pipe 13 is moved to contact and abut against the limiting block 11, the vent holes 15 correspond to the gap between the ventilation pipe 10 and the first connecting pipe 16, allowing air in the ventilation pipe 10 to enter and exit through the vent holes 15, thus ventilating the shaft 6, traffic tunnel 4, and workshop ventilation tunnel 1. In other words, the position of the second connecting pipe 13 can be selectively moved and adjusted as needed to appropriately ventilate the shaft 6, traffic tunnel 4, and workshop ventilation tunnel 1.

[0052] In another technical solution, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, in the underground plant ventilation system, a pair of clamping blocks 24 are provided on the ventilation pipe 10 on the side of the limiting block 11 away from the second connecting pipe 13. The limiting hole is located between the pair of clamping blocks 24. A second limiting plate 25 is detachably provided between the clamping block 24 and the limiting block 11. The second limiting plate 25 contacts and abuts against the first limiting plate 12. By removing the second limiting plate 25, the position of the second connecting pipe 13 can be further adjusted until the limiting block 11 contacts and abuts against the second connecting pipe 13, so that the connection structure presents different states and plays different roles. Both the second limiting plate 25 and the limiting block 11 can prevent the first limiting plate 12 from moving excessively with the second connecting pipe 13, causing the first connecting pipe 16 to separate from the second connecting pipe 13, and also prevent the second connecting pipe 13 from rotating arbitrarily.

[0053] In another technical solution, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, in the underground plant ventilation system, multiple receiving grooves 27 are arranged on the side wall of the limiting block 11 corresponding to the clamping block 24. A ball bearing 26, partially protruding from the opening of the receiving groove 27, is provided within each receiving groove 27. A spring 28 is provided between the ball bearing 26 and the bottom wall of the receiving groove 27. Multiple recesses corresponding to the ball bearing 26 are provided on the second limiting plate 25. During the movement of the second limiting plate 25, the ball bearing 26 is compressed, and the spring 28 contracts, causing the ball bearing 26 to enter the receiving groove 27. When the second limiting plate 25 moves to a designated position, the spring 28 extends and pushes out a portion of the ball bearing 26 to the corresponding recess, thus limiting the second limiting plate 25. Pulling out the second limiting plate 25 or moving it so that it does not coincide with the limiting hole allows the first limiting plate 12 to continue moving towards the second limiting plate 25, changing the position / usage state of the second connecting pipe 13.

[0054] In another technical solution, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the underground plant ventilation system, a radial support rod 20 is provided near one end of the ventilation pipe 10. Both ends of the support rod 20 have connection holes. A pair of connecting rods 14, corresponding to the two connection holes, are provided inside the first connecting pipe 16. When installing the connection structure, each connecting rod 14 can be inserted into its corresponding connection hole to position the first connecting pipe 16 so that it is coaxial with the ventilation pipe 10. Then, the two second connecting pipes 13 can be moved to assist in positioning and installation.

[0055] In another technical solution, such as Figure 3As shown, in the underground plant ventilation system, a filter screen 22 is movable inside the ventilation duct 10. A pair of slide rails are provided on the inner wall of the ventilation duct 10. A slider is movable and inserted into the slide rails around the filter screen 22. An internally threaded tube 21 is provided in the middle of the filter screen 22. A screw 23 is rotatably provided in the middle of the support rod 20 and is inserted into the internally threaded tube 21. The filter screen 22 is perpendicular to the axis of the ventilation duct 10. The extension direction of the slide rails and the screw 23 are parallel to the axis of the ventilation duct 10. A support ring is provided in the middle of the support rod 20, and a limit notch is provided on the support ring. A bearing is provided on the screw 23, and a limit block is provided on the outer ring of the bearing. The screw 23 is inserted into the support ring and the limit block is locked at the limit notch to restrict the axial movement of the screw 23. In this technical solution, the support rod 20, the internally threaded tube 21 and the screw 23 constitute a screw rod structure. When it is necessary to clean the inner wall of the ventilation duct 10, the connecting structure is first removed and then the screw 23 is rotated. The moving screw 23 allows the internal threaded tube 21 to drive the filter screen 22 and the slider to move along the slide rail, so that the filter screen 22 can scrape and clean the inner wall of the ventilation duct 10. When the filter screen 22 moves to the end of the ventilation duct 10, the filter screen 22 can be removed and replaced, or the screw 23 can be removed for inspection and cleaning. After cleaning, the screw 23 is first inserted into the support ring, and then the new filter screen 22 is put on the screw 23. By rotating the screw 23, the new filter screen 22 is moved along the slide rail into the designated position of the ventilation duct 10. This structure facilitates the disassembly, assembly, and positioning of the filter screen 22.

[0056] In another technical solution, such as Figure 6 As shown, in the underground plant ventilation system, the limiting structure includes:

[0057] The first limiting tube 29 is set on the wall of the hole on one side of the mounting groove 5;

[0058] The second limiting tube 33 is disposed on the other side wall of the mounting groove 5 and is coaxially disposed with the first limiting tube 29. The end of the second limiting tube 33 away from the first limiting tube 29 is sealed.

[0059] A limiting rod 32 passes through the first limiting tube 29 and is inserted into the second limiting tube 33 at one end. A horizontal adjusting rod 30 is movably mounted on the limiting rod 32 via a threaded structure. An adjusting plate 31 is mounted on one end of the adjusting rod 30 located in the mounting groove 5. The adjusting plate 31 contacts and abuts against the ventilation pipe 10. The limiting rod 32 is used to intercept the ventilation pipe 10 within the mounting groove 5. Rotating the adjusting rod 30 moves the adjusting plate 31, adjusting the clamping degree of the adjusting plate 31 on the ventilation pipe 10 to prevent the ventilation pipe 10 from shaking. Gaskets, pads, or other structures can be provided on the outer periphery of the ventilation pipe 10 to assist in adjusting the position of each ventilation pipe 10 within the mounting groove 5, facilitating the connection and installation of each ventilation pipe 10.

[0060] The present invention also provides a ventilation method using an underground plant ventilation system, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Construct ventilation tunnel 1 around the underground factory complex 2, and at the same time construct vertical shaft 6;

[0062] Step 2: Construct a passageway 4 connecting the factory ventilation tunnel 1 and the vertical shaft 6;

[0063] Step 3: Simultaneously install the air inlet pipe 9 and the air outlet pipe 3 within the installation groove 5;

[0064] Step 4: Install the hair dryer 8 and the vacuum cleaner 7 in various locations;

[0065] Step 5: Turn on each blower 8 and suction fan 7 to allow fresh air from the outside to pass through the blower 8, the air supply pipe, and the suction fan 7 at the connection between the outlet of the air supply pipe and each factory in the underground factory complex 2, and enter each factory in the underground factory complex 2. At the same time, the non-fresh air in each factory in the underground factory complex 2 is discharged to the outside through the suction fan 7 at the inlet of the outlet pipe 3, the outlet pipe 3, and the suction fan 7 at the outlet of the outlet pipe 3.

[0066] The following embodiments of the underground plant ventilation system and ventilation method according to the present invention are provided:

[0067] A ventilation method using an underground plant ventilation system includes the following steps:

[0068] Step 1: Construct ventilation tunnel 1 around the underground factory complex 2, and at the same time construct vertical shaft 6;

[0069] Step 2: Construct a passageway 4 connecting the factory ventilation tunnel 1 and the vertical shaft 6;

[0070] Step 3: Simultaneously install the air inlet pipe 9 and the air outlet pipe 3 in the installation groove 5. Specifically, first place each section of ventilation pipe 10 in the installation groove 5, and insert the limiting rod 32 into the corresponding first limiting pipe 29 and second limiting pipe 33 to lock each ventilation pipe 10 in the installation groove 5. Then, place the first connecting pipe 16 between two coaxial adjacent ventilation pipes 10 and insert the connecting rod 14 into the corresponding connecting hole. Adjust the three pipes to be coaxial. Then rotate the shaft so that the gear 19 drives the two racks 17 to move in opposite directions until the two second connecting pipes 13 move in opposite directions until the first limiting plate 12 is inserted into the limiting hole of the corresponding limiting block 11 and contacts and abuts against the second limiting plate 25. Repeat the above steps until all coaxial ventilation pipes 10 are connected. Then rotate each adjusting rod 30 to adjust the adjusting plate 31 to clamp and fix each ventilation pipe 10. The ventilation pipes 10 at the corners are connected by connecting bends.

[0071] Step 4: Install the hair dryer 8 and the vacuum cleaner 7 in various locations;

[0072] Step 5: Turn on each blower 8 and suction fan 7 to allow fresh air from the outside to pass sequentially through the blower 8, the air supply pipe, and the suction fan 7 at the connection point between the air supply pipe outlet and each factory building in the underground factory building complex 2, and enter each factory building in the underground factory building complex 2. At the same time, non-fresh air in each factory building in the underground factory building complex 2 is sequentially discharged to the outside through the suction fan 7 at the entrance of each factory building in the underground factory building complex 2 and the air supply pipe 3, the air supply pipe 3, and the suction fan 7 at the exit of the air supply pipe 3. If ventilation is required in the factory building ventilation tunnel 1, traffic tunnel 4, and vertical shaft 6, move the second limiting plate 25 to separate it from the limiting hole, and then rotate the rotating shaft to move the two second connecting pipes 13 back to back until they contact and abut against the corresponding limiting block 11, aligning the vent hole 15 with the gap between the ventilation pipe 10 and the first connecting pipe 16 for ventilation.

[0073] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for the purpose of simplifying the description of the invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A ventilation system for an underground plant, characterized in that, include: The ventilation shafts of the factory buildings are located around the underground factory complex. A traffic tunnel, which is horizontally positioned and has one end connected to the ventilation tunnel of the factory building; A vertical shaft, which is vertically installed and whose bottom end is connected to the other end of the traffic tunnel; Multiple sets of interconnected mounting grooves are provided on the side walls of the ventilation tunnel of the factory building, the two side walls of the traffic tunnel, and the two side walls of the vertical shaft connected thereto. An air inlet pipe is installed in the mounting groove on one side, and an air outlet pipe is installed in the mounting groove on the other side. Multiple limiting structures are provided on the side walls outside the mounting grooves to lock the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe in the corresponding mounting grooves. The air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are both detachably connected from multiple ventilation pipe sections. The inlet of the air inlet pipe is connected to the outside, and the outlet is connected to each factory building in the underground factory building complex. The inlet of the air outlet pipe is connected to each factory building in the underground factory building complex, and the outlet is connected to the outside. A blower is provided at the inlet of the air inlet pipe. A suction fan is provided at the outlet of the air inlet pipe where it connects to each factory building, at the inlet of the air outlet pipe where it connects to each factory building, and at the outlet of the air outlet pipe. Two coaxial adjacent ventilation duct sections are detachably connected by a connecting structure, the connecting structure including: The first connecting pipe is coaxial with the ventilation pipe and has the same outer diameter and is disposed between two adjacent ventilation pipes. A ventilation fan is detachably installed inside the first connecting pipe. A pair of second connecting pipes are coaxial with the first connecting pipe and moved in the opposite direction to be sleeved on the outer periphery of the first connecting pipe. The two ends of each second connecting pipe are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of the first connecting pipe and the ventilation pipe. A first limiting plate is provided at both ends of the two second connecting pipes facing away from each other. A limiting block is provided on each ventilation pipe. The limiting block is provided with a limiting hole. The first limiting plate is moved and inserted into the corresponding limiting hole. Two pairs of support blocks are provided on the first connecting pipe between the two second connecting pipes. The support blocks are provided with support holes. A rack parallel to the axis of the first connecting pipe is movably inserted into each pair of support holes, and the tooth surfaces of the two racks are opposite to each other. One end of each rack is connected to its corresponding second connecting pipe. A rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the first connecting pipe between the two racks. A gear that meshes with each rack is provided on the rotating shaft. The second connecting pipe is provided with multiple vent holes. When the second connecting pipe moves to contact and abut against the limiting block, the vent holes correspond to the gap between the ventilation pipe and the first connecting pipe.

2. The underground plant ventilation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A pair of clamping blocks are provided on the ventilation pipe on the side of the limiting block away from the second connecting pipe. The limiting hole is located between the pair of clamping blocks. A second limiting plate is detachably provided between the clamping block and the limiting block. The second limiting plate contacts and abuts against the first limiting plate.

3. The underground plant ventilation system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple receiving grooves are arranged on the side wall of the limiting block corresponding to the clamping block. A ball protruding from the opening of the receiving groove is provided in the receiving groove. A spring is provided between the ball and the bottom wall of the receiving groove. Multiple pits corresponding to the ball are provided on the second limiting plate.

4. The underground plant ventilation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A radial support rod is provided inside the ventilation duct near one of its ends, and a connection hole is provided at both ends of the support rod. A pair of connecting rods corresponding to the two connection holes are provided inside the first connecting duct.

5. The underground plant ventilation system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A filter screen is movable inside the ventilation duct. A pair of slide rails are provided on the inner side wall of the ventilation duct. A slider is provided around the filter screen and is inserted into the slide rails. An internally threaded tube is provided in the middle of the filter screen. A screw is rotatably provided in the middle of the support rod and is inserted into the internally threaded tube.

6. The underground plant ventilation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure includes: The first limiting tube is set on the wall of the hole on one side of the mounting groove; The second limiting tube is disposed on the other side wall of the mounting groove and is coaxially disposed with the first limiting tube. The end of the second limiting tube away from the first limiting tube is sealed. A limiting rod passes through the first limiting tube and one end is inserted into the second limiting tube. A horizontal adjusting rod is movably provided on the limiting rod through a threaded structure. An adjusting plate is provided at one end of the adjusting rod located in the mounting groove. The adjusting plate contacts and abuts against the ventilation pipe.

7. The ventilation method for the underground plant ventilation system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct ventilation tunnels around the underground factory complex, and simultaneously construct vertical shafts; Step 2: Construct a passageway connecting the factory's ventilation shaft and the vertical shaft; Step 3: Simultaneously install the air inlet pipe and air outlet pipe within the installation groove; Step 4: Install hair dryers and vacuum cleaners in various locations; Step 5: Turn on all blowers and exhaust fans to allow fresh outside air to enter each workshop of the underground factory complex through the blowers, air supply pipes, and exhaust fans at the outlets of the air supply pipes and the connections between the outlets and the workshops. At the same time, non-fresh air in each workshop of the underground factory complex is discharged to the outside through the exhaust fans at the inlets of the exhaust pipes, the exhaust pipes, and the exhaust fans at the outlets of the exhaust pipes.

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