Sample processing method and device for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and carbon-nitrogen stable isotope of fish

Abstract

The present application relates to fish carbon, nitrogen content and carbon and nitrogen stable isotope detection sample processing method and device. The sample processing device includes a water tank with an opening; two first roller brushes arranged in the water tank; a connecting rope arranged on the first roller brush; a pressing plate connected with the connecting rope; pure water is put into the water tank, and the fish mouth is downward through the part between the two first roller brushes into the pure water, the fish drives the pressing plate to move downward under the action of gravity, and the pressing plate drives the two first roller brushes to rotate in opposite directions through the connecting rope to clean the fish body; The present application adopts whole fish for carbon and nitrogen isotope detection, so that the carbon and nitrogen isotope detection and even the carbon and nitrogen element content detection are more accurate, and the one-sidedness of single tissue detection result is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fish sample pretreatment technology, specifically relating to sample processing methods and apparatus for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fish. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon and nitrogen content and stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) are effective means of studying material cycling and energy flow in aquatic ecosystems. They have been widely used to quantitatively determine the food sources, nutrient relationships, food chain lengths, and food web structures of fish.

[0003] Currently, most studies on carbon and nitrogen content and carbon-nitrogen isotopes in fish use dorsal muscle samples for analysis. However, differences in metabolic rates and biochemical composition among tissues within the same organism lead to variations in carbon and nitrogen content and stable carbon-nitrogen isotope ratios. Studies have demonstrated significant differences in carbon and nitrogen content and stable carbon-nitrogen isotopes among different fish tissues. Therefore, a more accurate method for processing fish samples is needed for the detection of carbon and nitrogen content and stable carbon-nitrogen isotopes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sample processing method and apparatus for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in fish in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0006] Sample processing methods for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in fish include the following steps:

[0007] S1: Select adult live fish as samples;

[0008] S2: Place the live sample from S1 into clean water to allow it to expel impurities from the digestive tract;

[0009] S3: Wash the live samples from S2 in pure water to remove foreign objects from the fish.

[0010] S4: Divide the cleaned sample in S3 into fish head, fish body and fish tail, remove the fish bones from the fish body, put the fish head, fish bones and fish tail into a pulverizer to pulverize, and then mix the pulverized material with the fish body after removing the fish bones and put it into a grinder to grind into a homogenous paste.

[0011] S5: Take 3-5 portions of the slurry liquid sample from S4 and freeze-dry them to constant weight to obtain solid samples;

[0012] S6: Take the solid sample from S5, grind it until the powder is uniform, and then sieve it.

[0013] Preferably, the time for adding clean water to S2 is 24-48 hours.

[0014] Preferably, in S4, the motor power of the pulverizer is 1300W, the voltage is 220V, the main shaft speed of the pulverizer is 11000r / min, and the fineness of the pulverized material is 60-80 mesh.

[0015] Preferably, the particle size obtained after grinding in S4 is 80-100 mesh, the grinding is performed 3-5 times, and the concentration of the homogenate after grinding is 30-40g / 100g.

[0016] Preferably, the freezing temperature in S5 is -40 to -50°C, and the freezing temperature decreases at a rate of 10-20°C / min.

[0017] Preferably, the powder fineness in S6 is 100-200 mesh.

[0018] A sample processing device for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in fish, used for cleaning the samples in step S3 above, including:

[0019] A water tank with an opening;

[0020] Two No. 1 roller brushes are installed inside the water tank;

[0021] The connecting rope is wound around the No. 1 roller brush;

[0022] Pressure plate connected to the connecting rope;

[0023] Pure water is placed in the tank. The fish, with its mouth facing down, enters the pure water through the space between the two No. 1 roller brushes. Under the action of gravity, the fish moves the pressure plate downward. The pressure plate, through the connecting rope, drives the two No. 1 roller brushes to rotate and clean the fish body in the direction of the fish scales.

[0024] The pressure plate is arranged at an angle, with the bottom end of the pressure plate facing the center of the water tank. The pressure plate is provided with several water-permeable holes for pure water and air bubbles to pass through.

[0025] Preferably, the water tank is provided with a number of No. 1 telescopic rods and a number of No. 2 telescopic rods equal to the number of No. 1 telescopic rods. Each No. 1 telescopic rod and its adjacent No. 2 telescopic rod are provided with an air pipe for gas to pass through. The water tank is provided with two No. 2 roller brushes arranged perpendicular to the No. 1 roller brushes. The No. 2 roller brushes are connected to the No. 2 telescopic rods.

[0026] Preferably, the water tank is equipped with a No. 3 telescopic rod, the bottom of the water tank is equipped with an air chamber, and there are several nozzles for gas to pass through between the air chamber and the inner cavity of the water tank. There is an air pipe for gas to pass through between the No. 3 telescopic rod and the air chamber, and a one-way valve is installed in the air pipe.

[0027] The No. 3 telescopic mast is equipped with an air intake pipe, and a one-way valve is installed inside the pipe.

[0028] Preferably, the water tank is equipped with a partition to separate the pure water in the tank into two parts.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] (1) The present invention uses whole fish for carbon and nitrogen isotope detection, which makes carbon and nitrogen isotope detection and even carbon and nitrogen element content detection more accurate, avoiding the one-sidedness of single tissue detection results.

[0031] (2) The processing device of the present invention can quickly and easily clean large fish thoroughly, which can effectively improve the efficiency of detection and the accuracy of detection results. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Water tank; 2. No. 1 roller brush; 3. Connecting rope; 4. Pressure plate; 5. No. 1 telescopic rod; 6. No. 2 telescopic rod; 7. No. 2 roller brush; 8. No. 3 telescopic rod; 9. Air chamber; 10. Spray hole; 11. Partition plate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present application will now be described in further detail. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the sample processing device for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in fish includes:

[0038] Water tank 1 with an opening;

[0039] Two No. 1 roller brushes 2 are installed inside water tank 1;

[0040] Connecting rope 3 is wound around roller brush 2;

[0041] Pressure plate 4 connected to connecting rope 3.

[0042] It should be noted that pure water is placed in tank 1 beforehand. When cleaning the fish, the mouth of the fish should be facing downwards as it passes between the two No. 1 roller brushes 2. Under its own gravity, the fish enters the pure water and moves the pressure plate 4 downwards. The pressure plate 4, through the connecting rope 3 wrapped around the No. 1 roller brush 2, causes the two No. 1 roller brushes 2 to rotate in opposite directions to clean the fish. During rotation, the No. 1 roller brush 2 moves along the direction of the fish scales, without damaging the scales or obstructing the fish's movement. After several cleanings, the fish is removed from tank 1 and rinsed with clean pure water.

[0043] The water tank 1 is equipped with several primary telescopic rods 5 and an equal number of secondary telescopic rods 6. Each primary telescopic rod 5 and its adjacent secondary telescopic rod 6 is connected by an air pipe for gas passage. The water tank 1 also has two secondary roller brushes 7 arranged perpendicular to the primary roller brush 2. The secondary roller brushes 7 are connected to the secondary telescopic rods 6. When the fish is large and thick, the primary roller brushes 7 cannot clean the entire fish body, resulting in missed areas on the sides. By using the primary telescopic rods 5, when the fish body passes through the primary roller brushes 2, it squeezes the two primary roller brushes 2, causing them to move to both sides. During the movement of the primary roller brushes 2, they squeeze the primary telescopic rods 5, allowing the gas inside the primary telescopic rods 5 to enter the secondary telescopic rods 6 through the air pipe, causing the secondary telescopic rods 6 to extend. The secondary telescopic rods 6 then move the two secondary roller brushes 7 closer to the fish body, enabling them to work together with the primary roller brushes 2 to clean the fish body.

[0044] Among them, the No. 1 roller brush 2 and the No. 2 roller brush 7 both have bristles with a length greater than 5cm. The bristle length on the No. 1 roller brush 2 is greater than the bristle length on the No. 2 roller brush 7. When the fish body passes through the No. 1 roller brush 2 and the No. 2 roller brush 7, the bristles can be deformed. The No. 1 roller brush 2 and the No. 2 roller brush 7 can be used for fish of different sizes without moving.

[0045] The water tank 1 is equipped with a third telescopic rod 8, and an air chamber 9 is located at the bottom of the water tank 1. Several nozzles 10 for gas passage are located between the air chamber 9 and the inner cavity of the water tank 1. An air pipe for gas passage is located between the third telescopic rod 8 and the air chamber 9, and a one-way valve is installed inside the air pipe. When the fish moves the pressure plate 4 downwards, it squeezes the third telescopic rod 8, causing the gas inside the third telescopic rod 8 to enter the air chamber 9 through the air pipe and the one-way valve, and then be ejected from the nozzles 10. The gas ejected from the nozzles 10 becomes several tiny bubbles. As these bubbles rise, they cause the pure water to agitate, which helps to clean the fish and brings dirt from the pure water to the surface, reducing the chance of secondary contamination of the pure water for the fish.

[0046] The No. 3 telescopic rod 8 is equipped with an air intake pipe, which contains a one-way valve. The No. 3 telescopic rod 8 can only be inflated through the air intake pipe to achieve reuse and prevent pure water from entering the No. 3 telescopic rod 8.

[0047] The pressure plate 4 is arranged at an angle, with its bottom end facing the center of the water tank 1. The pressure plate 4 has several permeable holes for pure water and air bubbles to pass through. After contacting the telescopic rod 8, the pressure plate 4 moves forward while maintaining its angle, causing the fish to be guided towards the center of the water tank 1 by the pressure plate 4. The permeable holes on the pressure plate 4 reduce water resistance during its movement and allow air bubbles to pass through, improving the cleaning effect on the fish.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A partition 11 is provided on the water tank 1 to divide the pure water in the tank 1 into two parts. When the partition 11 in the middle of the water tank 1 is opened, the fish move from one side of the partition 11 to the other. The partition 11 divides the pure water in the water tank 1 into two parts: one part is the initial cleaning part which is contaminated, and the other part is the secondary cleaning part which is uncontaminated. After the fish enter the secondary cleaning part, they are removed, at which point the fish have been thoroughly cleaned.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A sample processing method for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in fish includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: Select adult live fish as samples;

[0053] S2: Place the live sample from S1 into clean water to allow it to expel impurities from the digestive tract;

[0054] S3: Wash the live samples from S2 in pure water to remove foreign objects from the fish.

[0055] S4: Divide the cleaned sample in S3 into fish head, fish body and fish tail, remove the fish bones from the fish body, put the fish head, fish bones and fish tail into a pulverizer to pulverize, and then mix the pulverized material with the fish body after removing the fish bones and put it into a grinder to grind into a homogeneous paste.

[0056] S5: Take 3-5 portions of the slurry liquid sample from S4 and freeze-dry them to constant weight to obtain solid samples;

[0057] S6: Take the solid sample from S5, grind it until the powder is uniform, and then sieve it.

[0058] The S2 should be filled with clean water for 24-48 hours, which is a long enough time for the fish to completely expel their waste.

[0059] The S4 pulverizer has a motor power of 1300W, a voltage of 220V, a pulverizer spindle speed of 11000r / min, and a pulverized material fineness of 60-80 mesh.

[0060] The particle size obtained after grinding in S4 is 80-100 mesh, the grinding times are 3-5 times, and the concentration of the homogenate after grinding is 30-40g / 100g.

[0061] The freezing temperature in S5 is -40 to -50°C, and the freezing temperature decreases at a rate of 10-20°C / min.

[0062] The powder fineness in S6 is 100-200 mesh.

[0063] The freezing temperature in S5 is -40 to -50°C.

[0064] The redfin culter was prepared into powder using the above method. Five powder samples were taken and tested. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1 shows the test results of the redfin culter samples after being processed using the above method.

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Table 1

[0069] Table 2 shows the results of whole fish and tissue analysis of the redfin bream.

[0070] Redfin bream whole fish 35.9 10.2 12.7 -25.6 Redfin culter skeleton 28.3 9.1 9.9 -25.1 Redfin bream muscle 43.4 14.0 10.7 -25

[0071] Table 2

[0072] The results showed that the total carbon, total nitrogen, and δ15N content of the whole fish of the redfin culter were significantly different from those of other tissues.

[0073] Among them, the whole redfin bream was a sample obtained by using the sample processing methods described above for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fish.

[0074] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sample processing method for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in fish, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Select adult live fish as samples; S2: Place the live sample from S1 into clean water to allow it to expel impurities from the digestive tract; S3: Wash the live samples from S2 in pure water to remove foreign objects from the fish. S4: Divide the cleaned sample in S3 into fish head, fish body and fish tail, remove the fish bones from the fish body, put the fish head, fish bones and fish tail into a pulverizer to pulverize, and then mix the pulverized material with the fish body after removing the fish bones and put it into a grinder to grind into a homogenous paste. S5: Take 3-5 portions of the slurry liquid sample from S4 and freeze-dry them to constant weight to obtain solid samples; S6: Take the solid sample from S5, grind it until the powder is uniform, and then sieve it. It also includes a sample processing device for cleaning the sample in step S3, including: A water tank with an opening (1); Two No. 1 roller brushes (2) are installed inside the water tank (1); The connecting rope (3) is wound around the first roller brush (2); Pressure plate (4) connected to connecting rope (3); Pure water is placed in the water tank (1). The fish mouths face down and enter the pure water through the part between the two No. 1 roller brushes (2). Under the action of gravity, the fish drives the pressure plate (4) to move downward. The pressure plate (4) drives the two No. 1 roller brushes (2) to rotate and clean the fish body in the direction of the fish scales through the connecting rope (3). The pressure plate (4) is arranged at an angle, with the bottom end of the pressure plate (4) facing the middle of the water tank (1). The pressure plate (4) is provided with several water-permeable holes for pure water and air bubbles to pass through. The water tank (1) is provided with several No. 1 telescopic rods (5) and No. 2 telescopic rods (6) in the same number as No. 1 telescopic rods (5). Each No. 1 telescopic rod (5) and its adjacent No. 2 telescopic rod (6) are provided with an air pipe for gas to pass through. The water tank (1) is provided with two No. 2 roller brushes (7) arranged perpendicular to the No. 1 roller brush (2). The No. 2 roller brushes (7) are connected to the No. 2 telescopic rods (6). The water tank (1) is equipped with a No. 3 telescopic rod (8), the bottom of the water tank (1) is equipped with an air chamber (9), and there are several nozzles (10) for gas passage between the air chamber (9) and the inner cavity of the water tank (1). There is an air pipe for gas passage between the No. 3 telescopic rod (8) and the air chamber (9), and a one-way valve is provided in the air pipe. The No. 3 telescopic rod (8) is equipped with an air intake pipe, and a one-way valve is installed inside the pipe.

2. The sample processing method for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fish according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time for adding clean water to S2 is 24-48 hours.

3. The sample processing method for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fish according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S4 pulverizer has a motor power of 1300W, a voltage of 220V, a pulverizer spindle speed of 11000r / min, and a pulverized material fineness of 60-80 mesh.

4. The sample processing method for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fish according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size obtained after grinding in S4 is 80-100 mesh, the grinding times are 3-5 times, and the concentration of the homogenate after grinding is 30-40g / 100g.

5. The sample processing method for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fish according to claim 1, characterized in that, The freezing temperature in S5 is -40 to -50°C, and the freezing temperature decreases at a rate of 10-20°C / min.

6. The sample processing method for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fish according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powder fineness in S6 is 100-200 mesh.

7. The sample processing method for detecting carbon and nitrogen content and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fish according to claim 1, characterized in that, A partition (11) is provided on the water tank (1) to separate the pure water in the water tank (1) into two parts.

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