A low sidelobe unequally-celled patch array antenna

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-sidelobe unequal element patch array antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, side metal patches, a middle metal patch, and a metal microstrip line disposed on the front side of the dielectric substrate, and a metal backplate disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate; the metal microstrip line is connected to the middle metal patch and is equally spaced; the metal microstrip line is connected to the metal backplate via a feed connector; one side of the middle metal patch has a first slot structure and two second slot structures symmetrically arranged about the first slot structure; the narrow sides of the side metal patches and the middle metal patch are connected to form a certain angle; the side metal patches are inclined towards the feed connector; the sides of the middle metal patch and the side metal patches away from the metal microstrip line are connected to the metal backplate via short-circuit metal sheets. This invention effectively reduces the antenna sidelobe level and anti-interference capability, greatly enhances signal reception and transmission performance, and has a simple structure, making it easy to manufacture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radio antenna technology, and more specifically, to a low-sidelobe unequal element patch array antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication systems, low-sidelobe array antennas can reduce the effects of multipath effects and interference signals, improving signal reception quality. By reducing sidelobe levels, external signals and spurious signals can be better suppressed, thereby improving the system's anti-interference capability. Compared with ordinary antennas, low-sidelobe array antennas have higher gain and better anti-interference performance, enabling more efficient signal reception and transmission. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method for implementing low-sidelobe array antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a low sidelobe unequal element patch array antenna that is easy to process and manufacture, and has anti-interference characteristics.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives of this invention, the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] A low-sidelobe unequal element patch array antenna includes a dielectric substrate, two side metal patches, a middle metal patch, eight short-circuit metal patches, four metal microstrip lines, four feed connectors, and a metal backplate.

[0006] The two side metal patches, the middle metal patch, and the metal microstrip line are disposed on the front side of the dielectric substrate; the metal backplate is disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate.

[0007] In this configuration, one end of each of the four metal microstrip lines is perpendicularly connected to one side of the middle metal patch, and the four metal microstrip lines are arranged at equal intervals.

[0008] The other end of the metal microstrip line is connected to a metal backplate located on the back of the dielectric substrate via a feed connector.

[0009] The intermediate metal patch has a first slot structure and two second slot structures on the side connected to the metal microstrip line; the two second slot structures are symmetrically arranged about the first slot structure.

[0010] Two side metal patches are respectively set on both sides of the middle metal patch and connected to the narrow side of the middle metal patch, forming a certain angle; the end of the side metal patch away from the middle metal patch is inclined towards the power supply connector.

[0011] The middle metal patch and the side metal patch, located away from the metal microstrip line, are connected to the metal backplate located on the back of the dielectric substrate through short-circuit metal plates.

[0012] Preferably, the side metal patch has a parallelogram cross-section, and the middle metal patch has a right-angled quadrilateral cross-section; the short side of the parallelogram is connected to the narrow side of the middle metal patch.

[0013] Preferably, the ratio of the length of the long side of the middle metal patch to that of the side metal patch is 2 to 2.5.

[0014] Preferably, the angle formed by the connection between the side metal patch and the middle metal patch is 165° to 175°.

[0015] Preferably, four metal microstrip lines are perpendicularly connected to one side of the middle metal patch at equal intervals. Specifically, two metal microstrip lines are aligned with the two narrow sides of the middle metal patch, and the other two metal microstrip lines are equally spaced between the two metal microstrip lines aligned with the narrow sides.

[0016] Preferably, the two metal microstrip lines aligned with the narrow edges of the central metal patch are of the same size, and the two metal microstrip lines located between the two metal microstrip lines aligned with the narrow edges are of the same size.

[0017] Preferably, the first gap structure is located on the bisecting line of the middle metal patch; the middle metal patch is divided into ten equal parts, one of which is located on the first bisecting line of the narrow left side of the middle metal patch; the other is located on the first bisecting line of the narrow right side of the middle metal patch.

[0018] Furthermore, the first slit structure and the second slit structure are perpendicular to the side of the intermediate metal patch, and the size of the first slit structure is larger than the size of the second slit structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the eight short-circuit metal pieces are respectively called the first short-circuit metal piece, the second short-circuit metal piece, the third short-circuit metal piece, the fourth short-circuit metal piece, the fifth short-circuit metal piece, the sixth short-circuit metal piece, the seventh short-circuit metal piece, and the eighth short-circuit metal piece;

[0020] The first short-circuit metal piece is connected to a short side of a side metal patch that is away from the middle metal patch.

[0021] The second short-circuit metal piece is connected to the side of the metal patch away from the power supply connector;

[0022] The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth short-circuit metal sheets are sequentially connected to the side of the intermediate metal patch away from the metal microstrip line.

[0023] The seventh short-circuit metal piece is connected to the side of the other side metal patch away from the power supply connector;

[0024] The eighth short-circuit metal piece is connected to the short side of the other side metal piece that is away from the middle metal piece;

[0025] The lengths of the first and eighth short-circuit metal pieces are equal to the length of the short side of the side metal patch;

[0026] The lengths of the second and seventh short-circuit metal pieces are equal to the length of the long side of the side metal patch;

[0027] The lengths of the third and sixth short-circuit metal sheets are equal to one-tenth of the side length of the middle metal patch;

[0028] The lengths of the fourth and fifth short-circuit metal pieces are equal to two-fifths of the side length of the middle metal patch.

[0029] Preferably, the power supply connector includes a central power supply pin and an outer conductor disposed around the central power supply pin; the metal microstrip line is connected to the central power supply pin; and the outer conductor is connected to a metal backplate.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] This invention utilizes a side metal patch, a first slot structure, a second slot structure, and a feed position offset design to achieve a low sidelobe and high gain in the antenna, thereby enhancing the transmission and reception capabilities of wireless signals in a specific direction. This invention effectively reduces antenna sidelobe levels and improves anti-interference capabilities, thus significantly enhancing signal reception and transmission performance. Furthermore, this invention features a planar structure, making it simple and easy to manufacture. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a slanted view of the unequal element patch array antenna of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the unequal element patch array antenna of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the unequal element patch array antenna of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna when the middle metal patch and the side metal patches are connected to form a rectangle.

[0036] Figure 5 Compared to the antenna of this invention Figure 4 The radiation pattern of the rectangular patch antenna.

[0037] Wherein, 1-dielectric board; 2-side metal patch; 3-middle metal patch; 4-first slot structure; 5-second slot structure; 6-metal microstrip line; 7-first short-circuit metal sheet; 8-second short-circuit metal sheet; 9-third short-circuit metal sheet; 10-fourth short-circuit metal sheet; 11-fifth short-circuit metal sheet; 12-sixth short-circuit metal sheet; 13-seventh short-circuit metal sheet; 14-eighth short-circuit metal sheet; 15-feed connector; 16-metal backplate. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 1 and 3, a low sidelobe unequal element patch array antenna includes a dielectric substrate 1, two side metal patches 2, a middle metal patch 3, eight short-circuit metal pieces, four metal microstrip lines 6, four feed connectors 15, and a metal backplate 16.

[0042] The two side metal patches 2, the middle metal patch 3, and the metal microstrip line 6 are disposed on the front side of the dielectric substrate 1; the metal back plate 16 is disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate 1.

[0043] In this configuration, one end of each of the four metal microstrip lines 6 is perpendicularly connected to one side of the intermediate metal patch 3, and the four metal microstrip lines 6 are arranged at equal intervals.

[0044] The other end of the metal microstrip line 6 is connected to the metal backplate 16 located on the back of the dielectric substrate 1 via a power supply connector 15.

[0045] The intermediate metal patch 3 has a first slot structure 4 and two second slot structures 5 on the side connected to the metal microstrip line 6; the two second slot structures 5 are symmetrically arranged about the first slot structure 4.

[0046] Two side metal patches 2 are respectively disposed on both sides of the middle metal patch 3 and connected to the narrow side of the middle metal patch 3, forming a certain angle; the end of the side metal patch 2 away from the middle metal patch 3 is inclined towards the power supply connector 15.

[0047] The middle metal patch 3 and the side metal patch 2, located away from the metal microstrip line 6, are connected to the metal backplate 16 located on the back of the dielectric substrate 1 through short-circuit metal plates.

[0048] In this embodiment, the middle metal patch 3, the side metal patch 2, the first slot structure 4, the second slot structure 5, the metal microstrip line 6, and the metal backplate 16 are planar structures. By utilizing the design of the side metal patch 2, the first slot structure 4, the second slot structure 5, and the feed position offset, the antenna has lower sidelobes and higher gain, enhancing the transmission and reception capabilities of wireless signals in a specific direction.

[0049] In this embodiment, the middle metal patch 3, the side metal patch 2 and the metal microstrip line 6 are printed on the front side of the dielectric substrate 1, and the metal back plate 16 is printed on the back side of the dielectric substrate 1.

[0050] This invention can effectively reduce antenna sidelobe level and anti-interference capability, thereby greatly enhancing the signal reception and transmission effect. Moreover, this invention has a planar structure, which is simple and easy to manufacture.

[0051] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the side metal patch 2 is a parallelogram, and the cross-section of the middle metal patch 3 is a right-angled quadrilateral; the short side of the parallelogram is connected to the narrow side of the middle metal patch 3.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ratio of the length of the long side of the middle metal patch 3 to the length of the side metal patch 2 is 2 to 2.5. Specifically, the ratio can be 2; or 2.5; or 2.3. The specific ratio is set according to actual needs.

[0053] In this embodiment, the included angle formed by the connection between the side metal patch 2 and the middle metal patch 3 is 165° to 175°. In specific applications, the included angle formed by the connection between the side metal patch 2 and the middle metal patch 3 is 165°, 175°, or 170°.

[0054] In this embodiment, four metal microstrip lines 6 are perpendicularly connected to one side of the middle metal patch 3 at equal intervals. Specifically, two metal microstrip lines 6 are aligned with the two narrow sides of the middle metal patch 3, and the other two metal microstrip lines 6 are equally spaced between the two metal microstrip lines 6 aligned with the narrow sides.

[0055] In this embodiment, the two metal microstrip lines 6 aligned with the narrow edges of the middle metal patch 3 are of the same size, and the two metal microstrip lines 6 located between the two metal microstrip lines 6 aligned with the narrow edges are of the same size.

[0056] The dimensions of the metal microstrip lines 6 aligned with the narrow edges of the central metal patch 3 are different from the dimensions of the metal microstrip lines 6 located between the two metal microstrip lines 6 aligned with the narrow edges. Specifically, the dimensions of the metal microstrip lines 6 are determined according to the antenna's performance and impedance matching requirements.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first gap structure 4 is located on the bisecting line of the middle metal patch 3; the middle metal patch 3 is divided into ten equal parts, one of which is the second gap structure 5 located on the first bisecting line of the narrow side on the left of the middle metal patch 3 (3); the other is the second gap structure 5 located on the first bisecting line of the narrow side on the right of the middle metal patch 3 (3).

[0058] In this embodiment, the first slot structure 4 and the second slot structure 5 are perpendicular to the side of the intermediate metal patch 3, and the size of the first slot structure 4 is larger than the size of the second slot structure 5. Specifically, the sizes of the first slot structure 4 and the second slot structure 5 are determined according to the antenna performance and impedance matching requirements.

[0059] In this embodiment, the eight short-circuit metal pieces are respectively referred to as the first short-circuit metal piece 7, the second short-circuit metal piece 8, the third short-circuit metal piece 9, the fourth short-circuit metal piece 10, the fifth short-circuit metal piece 11, the sixth short-circuit metal piece 12, the seventh short-circuit metal piece 13, and the eighth short-circuit metal piece 14.

[0060] Wherein, the first short-circuit metal piece 7 is connected to a short side of the side metal patch 2 that is away from the middle metal patch 3;

[0061] The second short-circuit metal piece 8 is connected to the side of the side metal patch 2 away from the power supply connector 15;

[0062] The third short-circuit metal sheet 9, the fourth short-circuit metal sheet 10, the fifth short-circuit metal sheet 11, and the sixth short-circuit metal sheet 12 are connected in sequence to the side of the intermediate metal patch 3 away from the metal microstrip line 6.

[0063] The seventh short-circuit metal piece 13 is connected to the side of the other side metal patch 2 away from the power supply connector 15.

[0064] The eighth short-circuit metal piece 14 is connected to the short side of the other side metal piece 2 away from the middle metal piece 3;

[0065] The lengths of the first short-circuit metal piece 7 and the eighth short-circuit metal piece 14 are equal to the length of the short side of the side metal patch 2;

[0066] The lengths of the second short-circuit metal piece 8 and the seventh short-circuit metal piece 13 are equal to the length of the long side of the side metal patch 2;

[0067] The lengths of the third short-circuit metal piece 9 and the sixth short-circuit metal piece 12 are equal to one-tenth of the side length of the middle metal patch 3;

[0068] The lengths of the fourth short-circuit metal piece 10 and the fifth short-circuit metal piece 11 are equal to two-fifths of the side length of the middle metal patch 3.

[0069] In this embodiment, the power supply connector 15 includes a central power supply pin and an outer conductor disposed around the central power supply pin; the metal microstrip line 6 is connected to the central power supply pin; and the outer conductor is connected to the metal backplate 16.

[0070] The angle, metal microstrip line, and slot structure settings in this embodiment are mainly the result of an experimental optimization to reduce sidelobes. The parallelogram-shaped side metal patch is mainly used to increase the antenna aperture.

[0071] Figure 5 The image shows the antenna of the present invention compared to... Figure 4 The radiation pattern of the antenna at 5.4 GHz shows that the sidelobe level of the antenna of this invention is approximately -18 dB, compared to... Figure 4 The antenna exhibits an improvement of approximately 6 dB. Due to the parallelogram patch and slotted design employed in this invention's antenna, with two short-circuit edges on the two side patches and one short-circuit edge on the middle patch, the antenna element size is increased compared to traditional rectangular patch antennas. This increases the array's radiating aperture, thereby reducing antenna sidelobes and improving directivity. Furthermore, the four feed interfaces of this invention's antenna are significantly improved compared to... Figure 4 The antenna has shifted its position, thus improving the quality of the wireless signals it transmits and receives in a specific direction, and enhancing its anti-interference capability in the wireless communication system.

[0072] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-sidelobe unequal element patch array antenna, characterized in that: It includes a dielectric substrate (1), two side metal patches (2), a middle metal patch (3), eight short-circuit metal plates, four metal microstrip lines (6), four power supply connectors (15), and a metal backplate (16). The two side metal patches (2), the middle metal patch (3), and the metal microstrip line (6) are disposed on the front side of the dielectric substrate (1); the metal back plate (16) is disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate (1); Among them, one end of each of the four metal microstrip lines (6) is perpendicularly connected to one side of the middle metal patch (3), and the four metal microstrip lines (6) are arranged at equal intervals; The other end of the metal microstrip line (6) is connected to the metal backplate (16) located on the back of the dielectric plate (1) via a power supply connector (15); The intermediate metal patch (3) has a first slot structure (4) and two second slot structures (5) on the side connected to the metal microstrip line (6); the two second slot structures (5) are symmetrically arranged about the first slot structure (4); Two side metal patches (2) are respectively set on both sides of the middle metal patch (3) and connected to the narrow side of the middle metal patch (3) to form a certain angle; the end of the side metal patch (2) away from the middle metal patch (3) is inclined towards the power supply connector (15); The middle metal patch (3) and the side metal patch (2) are located away from the metal microstrip line (6) and are connected to the metal backplate (16) located on the back of the dielectric substrate (1) through short-circuit metal plates. The side metal patch (2) has a parallelogram cross-section, and the middle metal patch (3) has a right-angled quadrilateral cross-section; the short side of the parallelogram is connected to the narrow side of the middle metal patch (3). The ratio of the length of the long side of the middle metal patch (3) and the side metal patch (2) is 2 to 2.5; The included angle formed by the connection between the side metal patch (2) and the middle metal patch (3) is 165°~175°; The first gap structure (4) is located on the bisecting line of the middle metal patch (3); the middle metal patch (3) is divided into ten equal parts, one of which is a second gap structure (5) located on the first bisecting line of the narrow side on the left of the middle metal patch (3); the other second gap structure (5) is located on the first bisecting line of the narrow side on the right of the middle metal patch (3); The first slit structure (4) and the second slit structure (5) are perpendicular to the side of the middle metal patch (3), and the size of the first slit structure (4) is larger than the size of the second slit structure (5).

2. The low sidelobe unequal element patch array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four metal microstrip lines (6) are connected perpendicularly to one side of the middle metal patch (3) at equal intervals. Specifically, two metal microstrip lines (6) are aligned with the two narrow sides of the middle metal patch (3) respectively, and the other two metal microstrip lines (6) are equally spaced between the two metal microstrip lines (6) aligned with the narrow sides.

3. The low sidelobe unequal element patch array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two metal microstrip lines (6) aligned with the narrow edges of the middle metal patch (3) are of the same size, and the two metal microstrip lines (6) located between the two metal microstrip lines (6) aligned with the narrow edges are of the same size.

4. The low sidelobe unequal element patch array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The eight short-circuit metal pieces are respectively called the first short-circuit metal piece (7), the second short-circuit metal piece (8), the third short-circuit metal piece (9), the fourth short-circuit metal piece (10), the fifth short-circuit metal piece (11), the sixth short-circuit metal piece (12), the seventh short-circuit metal piece (13), and the eighth short-circuit metal piece (14). Wherein, the first short-circuit metal piece (7) is connected to a short side of a side metal patch (2) that is away from the middle metal patch (3); The second short-circuit metal piece (8) is connected to the side of the side metal patch (2) away from the power supply connector (15); The third short-circuit metal sheet (9), the fourth short-circuit metal sheet (10), the fifth short-circuit metal sheet (11), and the sixth short-circuit metal sheet (12) are connected in sequence to the side of the intermediate metal patch (3) away from the metal microstrip line (6); The seventh short-circuit metal piece (13) is connected to the side of the other side metal patch (2) away from the power supply connector (15); The eighth short-circuit metal piece (14) is connected to the other side metal piece (2) on a short side away from the middle metal piece (3); The lengths of the first short-circuit metal piece (7) and the eighth short-circuit metal piece (14) are equal to the length of the short side of the side metal patch (2); The lengths of the second short-circuit metal piece (8) and the seventh short-circuit metal piece (13) are equal to the length of the long side of the side metal patch (2); The lengths of the third short-circuit metal sheet (9) and the sixth short-circuit metal sheet (12) are equal to one-tenth of the side length of the middle metal patch (3); The lengths of the fourth short-circuit metal piece (10) and the fifth short-circuit metal piece (11) are equal to two-fifths of the side length of the middle metal patch (3).

5. The low sidelobe unequal element patch array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply connector (15) includes a central power supply pin and an outer conductor disposed around the central power supply pin; the metal microstrip line (6) is connected to the central power supply pin; and the outer conductor is connected to the metal backplate (16).

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