Bidirectional filter

Abstract

The invention relates to a bidirectional filter comprising an outer housing and a filter assembly unit, the filter assembly unit comprising at least one separation gap arranged within the outer housing, the outer housing being provided with an inlet for a contaminated fluid and an outlet for a filtered fluid, the filter assembly unit, the separation gap and the outer housing providing an outer end dead zone and an inner end dead zone within the bidirectional filter, the filter assembly unit being connected to a drive unit by a shaft.

Description

[0001] This invention relates to an apparatus for fluid purification, and more specifically, to a bidirectional filter for fluid purification, wherein a combination of magnetic particles and centrifugal force is used to control the flow path of contaminant particles toward the inner and outer peripheries (end dead ends / end stops) of the circular separation gaps provided in the bidirectional filter, as well as tangential filtration. The particles being treated at the end dead ends / end stops will be compacted and agglomerated by the force. The localized apparent fluid from the agglomeration process will flow laterally, gradually increasing the load on the filter to cause localized contamination and blockage, but allowing free filtration of the remaining flow path area on the filter surface. Therefore, optimal utilization of the filter's storage capacity is achieved before replacement.

[0002] The present invention also relates to a method and system for fluid purification, wherein the system includes one or more of the following elements: an eco-designed filter cartridge including a bidirectional filter; material recovery from the filter cartridge including the bidirectional filter; storage of the filter cartridge including the bidirectional filter; and ordering and support means for the filter cartridge including the bidirectional filter.

[0003] As used herein, the term “fluid purification” should be understood as the act or process of purifying something (i.e., removing unwanted elements and / or contaminants from a fluid), where the fluid is a liquid and / or a gas. Background Technology

[0004] By using so-called magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) functionalized to bind target contaminants dissolved in fluids, contaminants can be controlled by externally applied electrostatic and magnetic fields sensed on the MNPs, and the contaminants are thus disposed of through a balance interaction with the centrifugal fluid flow.

[0005] In particular, small target particles with a specific gravity close to that of a fluid and no active centrifugal force, as well as other particles that do not interact with electrostatic purification, can be controlled by MNP and electrostatic (ES) and / or electromagnetic (EM) interactions to move in the desired direction.

[0006] The oscillatory interaction will excite relative movement that acts as a viscous dilution. By periodically interrupting or staggering the oscillations at their peak amplitude, small particles will remain on their new orbits, and thus enhanced centrifugal separation can be systematically constructed.

[0007] CN111495590 relates to an air handling device and an air purification method. The air handling device includes an electrostatic generator, a liquid jet structure, and an electric field structure. The liquid jet structure includes: a plurality of filter plates arranged at intervals; flow channels allowing air circulation formed between every two adjacent filter plates; a hydrophilic coating disposed on the surface of the filter plates, and the filter plates are conductive and electrically connected to the electrostatic generator; the electric field structure is located downstream of the liquid jet structure and electrically connected to the electrostatic generator. When air passes through the flow channels between two adjacent filter plates, water vapor in the air can contact the hydrophilic coating on the surface of the filter plate to be adsorbed, thereby drying the air. During circuit communication between the electrostatic generator, the filter plates, and the electric field structure, the surface of the filter plates is electrostatically charged, and charged particles are formed after air comes into contact with the filter plates. Under the action of the electric field force, the charged particles are adsorbed into the electric field structure, thereby purifying the air.

[0008] CN203196472 relates to a dust collection device with an electromagnetic coil filter, comprising a filter, a support, jet pipes, and a compressed air pipe. The support is arranged in the suction line and located above the filter. Multiple rows of jet pipes are evenly distributed and fixed in the support. The filter is composed of multiple electromagnetic coils arranged laterally at equal intervals. One end of each jet pipe is sealed, while the other end is connected to the compressed air pipe. The online dust collection device with an electromagnetic coil filter has the following advantages: by combining electromagnetic coils to form the filter, the electromagnetic coils are energized to generate magnetic force to absorb iron powder, and then de-energized and the jet pipes are used to blow away the iron powder. Therefore, the dead zone during blowing is greatly reduced, the blowing effect is improved, the surface of the filter remains clean and smooth, and the airflow field is ensured so that the suction efficiency is not reduced due to filter clogging. Thus, continuous and efficient dust collection is achieved, reducing the labor intensity of workers and ensuring good suction efficiency.

[0009] JP2009214053 relates to a magnetic separator that magnetically attracts and separates non-magnetic materials. It works by adding magnetic particles to a liquid containing non-magnetic materials, causing the magnetic particles to adhere to the non-magnetic materials and then magnetically attracting and magnetizing the non-magnetic materials through a magnetic filter. The magnetic separation section is installed in a tube containing the magnetic particles and is divided from the downstream side into a magnetic attraction section, a magnetization section, and a magnetic particle remixing section. Multiple magnetic filters are installed side-by-side axially within the tube, and a moving tool is installed to move the magnetic filters upstream. Magnetic particles attracted by the magnetic filters in the magnetic attraction section are separated from the filters in the magnetic particle remixing section, transferring them to the liquid being treated, and allowing the transferred magnetic particles to re-adhere to the non-magnetic materials. The movement speed of the transferred magnetic particles in the magnetically charged section of the liquid being treated is greater than the movement speed of the non-magnetic materials in the liquid being treated, thereby facilitating the adhesion of the magnetic particles to the non-magnetic materials. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention relates to an apparatus, method, and process for fluid purification, wherein functionalized nanoparticles can bind to target contaminants dissolved in a liquid or gaseous fluid, and subsequently, the target contaminants and the bound nanoparticles can be forced to flow by electromagnetic and / or electrostatic forces oriented by the axis of a centrifuge, to be disposed at the outer and inner peripheries of a circular separation gap provided in the apparatus.

[0011] This disclosure is generally directed to general purification and is typically applicable to the purification of water containing finely fractionated particles, such as waste from textiles, automotive and road washing, oil droplets found in tunnel air or water extracted from oil, and bilge water from wastewater treatment plants. When the term "particle" is used herein, it should be understood that the term includes microdroplets, as particles are small, localized objects that can be endowed with certain physical or chemical properties, such as volume, density, or mass. Particles include soluble particles, sparingly soluble particles, and colloidal particles. Colloidal particles can be solid, liquid, or gaseous; and can be continuous or dispersed. Dispersed phase particles have a diameter between approximately 5 nanometers and 200 nanometers. The terms "particle" and "microdroplet" are used interchangeably, depending on the context, but have the same definition, except that microdroplets are not sparingly soluble.

[0012] In recent years, there has been an increasing need to remove small particles dissolved in fluids, especially those that can accumulate in large concentrations and potentially harm the environment and human health. Such pollution may be related to industrial waste, combustion gases from homes and automobiles, but it can also be related to simple wear and tear on car tires and asphalt pavements.

[0013] Most particles generated in terrestrial environments eventually find their way to the ocean, which has been a silent dumping ground for all sorts of man-made trash and / or waste for decades. The oil and shipping industries, as well as the textile industry, have been under close scrutiny in this regard due to their potential pollution and the need to handle and / or discharge large amounts of wastewater. In most coastal countries, daily limits for polluting oil discharges into water vary between 15 ppm and 30 ppm.

[0014] A major challenge in the field of oil cleaning and separation technology today is that, in long-standing practice, maximum economic efficiency for large-volume industrial cleaning at 30 ppm has been achieved. Subjective limitations, controlled by volume, (recovery) time, and associated operating costs, create bottlenecks in the purification process.

[0015] Another source of pollution is motor vehicles, which are causing concentrated emissions of so-called road dust. For decades, road edges and their surrounding areas have been polluted by particulate matter and various harmful substances. In recent years, with increasing attention to microplastic pollution, people have also become aware of other sources of road dust that pollute the environment, such as road marking paint, polymer-modified asphalt (PMB) from tire rubber debris, and PAH from asphalt.

[0016] As pollutants accumulate along road edges and in surrounding areas, they are at least partially carried away by road runoff during rainfall events. In Norway, most pollutants end up in the aquatic environment without any treatment, while runoff from heavily polluted roads and tunnels in urban areas may be discharged into combined sewer systems and thus, if not retained in storm drains or overflowed into sewers, eventually reach sewage treatment plants.

[0017] Rubber debris particles from end-of-life tires are commonly used in synthetic turf sports fields (STP), athletic fields, safety surfaces, and sidewalks. In addition to fillers, stabilizers, crosslinking agents, and minor components such as pigments, oils, and resins, rubber contains a range of other organic compounds and heavy metal additives. Furthermore, rubber is further worn down into even smaller, free-floating contaminant fragments.

[0018] Although EU legislation relating to the transfer of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from plastics and rubber indirectly addresses the restriction of subject polymer and rubber pollution, there are currently no restrictions on subject polymer and rubber pollution. Under the REACH Regulation (Article 50, Annex XVII of EC 1907 / 2006), eight priority PAHs have been restricted in filler oils used in tires for some time.

[0019] Furthermore, the EU Strategy recently announced a policy on microplastic pollution. This policy is crucial because these tiny, non-biodegradable synthetic polymers pose a danger to the environment and accumulate in soil and water before eventually entering the food chain. A striking example is the widespread use of microplastic fibers in the textile industry, estimated to account for between 15% and 31% of the 9.5 million tons of plastic that enters the ocean annually. France has just passed a law to control this pollution, proposing that by 2025 every new washing machine must have a filter to capture microplastic fibers shed from clothes during washing.

[0020] According to research by the Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL), each kg of clothing releases between 100mg and 300mg of fibers per washing cycle, equivalent to approximately 500-1,500,000 microfibers in the size range of 5-400μm.

[0021] Therefore, there is an urgent need for new and more efficient filtration and cleaning methods and processes.

[0022] Existing remediation technologies are already closely linked to limitations in monitoring and detecting small pollutants. However, recent advances in the characterization of lower nanoscale particles in medicine and instrumentation have raised global awareness of the shared threat from toxic contents in the air, water, and food chain.

[0023] For the same reason, there has been no strong argument for improving or discarding old industrial simulation equipment that has been forced to its limits, until the accumulated environmental pollution sounded the alarm.

[0024] This invention responds to the need for alternatives to current filtration and cleaning methods, or at least for improvements to address the technological shortcomings that threaten the environment and a sustainable future.

[0025] Therefore, overcoming the problems associated with existing filtration and cleaning methods is the main objective of this invention.

[0026] This objective is achieved according to the invention using the bidirectional filter defined in independent claim 1. Other embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

[0027] The present invention relates to a bidirectional filter, wherein the bidirectional filter includes an outer housing and a filter assembly unit disposed within the outer housing. The outer housing is provided with an inlet for contaminated fluid and an outlet for filtered fluid. The filter assembly unit includes at least one separation gap for contaminated fluid, the filter assembly unit, and at least one separation gap. The outer housing provides an outer end dead zone and an inner end dead zone within the bidirectional filter. Furthermore, the filter assembly unit is connected to a drive unit via a shaft.

[0028] According to one aspect, the filter assembly unit may include a lower plate, an upper plate, and at least one filter. The lower plate and the upper plate are arranged a distance apart from each other to provide space for at least one filter, at least one separation gap, and at least one cleaning fluid gap.

[0029] The filter assembly unit may also include multiple filters, wherein the multiple filters are arranged between the lower plate and the upper plate, and wherein the multiple filters are arranged at a distance from each other to provide one or more separation gaps and one or more clean fluid gaps.

[0030] In one embodiment, one or more filters may include a thin metal or polymer mesh screen and / or a thicker layer of filter material, suitable for impeding, trapping, or allowing any desired particles dissolved in the outgoing fluid to pass through.

[0031] In one embodiment, the filter assembly unit may be arranged in a container or filter cartridge, etc.

[0032] In one embodiment, the outer housing may be provided with an opening mechanism to allow access to the interior of the outer housing so that the filter assembly unit / container or filter cartridge can be replaced.

[0033] According to one aspect, the bidirectional filter may also include an electric coil or an electromagnetic coil to provide a magnetic field within the bidirectional filter, wherein the electric coil or electromagnetic coil may be arranged around the inner or outer periphery of the outer housing.

[0034] The lower and / or upper plate may be made of steel or magnetic materials.

[0035] The lower plate may be provided with one or more inlet holes and risers located at a distance from the center of the plate.

[0036] The filter can be a membrane filter or a mesh filter. If the filter assembly unit includes more than one filter, all filters can be membrane filters, all filters can be mesh filters, or a combination of membrane filters and mesh filters.

[0037] The driving unit can be an electric motor, or a horizontal rotating magnetic field and / or a vertical rotating magnetic field.

[0038] The proposed purification method is particularly suitable for separating oil from water, and is therefore used as a basic case for illustration and explanation in this paper.

[0039] Pollutant particles are typically associated with solid materials, but can also be spheres in the form of droplets, or a mixture of both. Such droplets are well-known in the wastewater industry, and they can occur in small fractions of oil-in-water (OiW) and will be removed before being distributed to river and marine environments.

[0040] Residual contaminants in oil-water mixtures can be in the form of free oil or large oil droplets, but can also be a large number of smaller dispersed droplets and / or emulsions with a diameter of less than 50 μm.

[0041] The natural gravity settling of oil and water droplets follows Stokes' Law, but this involves time-consuming processes and requires significant tank space, making it impractical in many industrial plants. However, it is known that natural gravity can achieve nanoscale purification under favorable fluid properties, environmental conditions, and unlimited usage time. In this context, it is also known that gravity settling velocities can be enhanced through multilayer aligned coatings and fluid oscillations. Further improvements can be made by increasing gravity and using centrifuges, hydrocyclones, and coalescers, as well as by using ES and EM fields to interact with dissolved contaminants.

[0042] As is the mechanism of action of the ES interaction used in electro-coalescing devices, it involves the use of narrow conduits where a high-voltage DC field can induce charge within conductive water droplets. As long as the oil has sufficient dielectric properties, the charge will be conserved, dividing the droplet skin into positive and negative ends. This bipolar state generates a force that attempts to drive the droplet towards a higher gradient. Experience shows that small droplets cannot acquire enough charge and momentum to struggle and move stably in the desired direction. Applying an AC power source may cause some droplets to oscillate, which can overcome shear forces over time and provide a dilution effect that stimulates further movement. Such oscillations increase the probability of droplet collisions, causing small droplets to coalesce and thus generate larger droplets, thereby stimulating subsequent gravitational settling velocities.

[0043] Under stable and favorable flow conditions, electrocoalescing can achieve oil purification with a water content as low as approximately 0.5%. At this stage, the total residual content of dissolved water, imitations, and solid particles must be considered for thorough purification, which can be achieved through chemical treatment, the use of hydrocyclones, centrifuges, or filtration.

[0044] Filtration technology is known to be the best qualitative choice and can remove oil-in-water (OiW) to as low as 1 ppm, but current filtration methods are not feasible for large volumes of oil and solid particles.

[0045] Therefore, this disclosure focuses on how successful interactions between magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and electrostatic (ES) and / or electromagnetic (EM) interactions can overcome this deficiency, regardless of the initial properties of the dissolved fluid and the target particles.

[0046] The process by which individual particles aggregate into clumps or precipitate into small lumps is called "flocculation." It occurs due to a chemical reaction between clay particles and another substance (usually brine). Flocculation is the process by which colloids spontaneously detach from a suspension in flocculent or sheet-like form, or are removed from the suspension by the addition of a clarifying agent. This process differs from precipitation in that, prior to flocculation, the colloids are merely suspended in the liquid and are not actually dissolved in the solution. In a flocculation system, no agglomerates form because all the flocculent matter is in suspension.

[0047] It is known that centrifugal force increases and / or decreases proportionally with the total weight of contaminants bound to MNPs. Therefore, this disclosure will demonstrate how to stimulate some flocculation of MNP-bound oil droplets, but also for further and other purposes besides those previously stated. Indeed, variations in the ES and EM fields can cause MNPs and contained droplets to oscillate and collide into larger droplets as MNP interactions increase. However, by controlling the oscillations of these interactions, they can be systematically interrupted or staggered in the centrifugal flow direction with maximum oscillation amplitude, leaving particles with little or no centrifugal force on new trajectories with repeatedly increasing centrifugal radius and centrifugal force.

[0048] The ES and EF field strengths will vary depending on the frequency, which is typically from 1 kHz to 5 kHz, for example, from 0.1 kHz to 15 kHz, preferably from 0.5 kHz to 10 kHz, and more preferably from 1 kHz to 5 kHz. The use of ferrofluids was known as early as 1946 in the early stages of NASA rocket fuel development. Ferrofluids consist of ferromagnetic nanoparticles (such as magnetite and hematite) suspended in a colloidal fluid. Each particle is coated with a surfactant to prevent flocculation.

[0049] Subsequent developments in nanotechnology have led to various new applications across numerous disciplines, including the purification of contaminated fluids. Micron- and nano-sized particles have been tailored with coatings and inherent properties and functions for suspension in any fluid and are now commercially available via the internet and worldwide mail. Various published patents and pending applications describe the design, function, and uses of certain nanoparticles. Patent application WO 2008 / 055371 A2 teaches the interaction of magnetic nanoparticles for the separation of a dispersed or dissolved phase from a continuous phase for removal by attraction from an applied magnetic gradient field. Using such a method alone is not feasible for industrial purification, especially for online services.

[0050] However, this disclosure describes an alternative method for magnetic interaction, namely, delivering the MNP and its bound oil to their respective filter disposal locations in conjunction with centrifugal flow and particle drag during tangential filtration. Such droplet coalescence and flocculation are highly desirable for enhancing separation efficiency. Coalescence can be interpreted as the merging of droplets (with or without particles), and flocculation is due to aggregation caused by another chemical or particle. Therefore, the relevant terms are used interchangeably in this disclosure.

[0051] Similarly, U.S. Patent 8,636,906 B2 claims the right to manually remove a target portion from a liquid by allowing magnetic nanoparticles to form a partial composite, so that the nanoparticles can be subsequently separated from the fluid using a magnetic field for further manual removal.

[0052] Clearly, the aforementioned patents in the discrete steps teach how to use gradient magnetic field interactions to aggregate, isolate, and collect large numbers of target particles in a solution, but are again considered unsuitable for real-time purification of continuous flow.

[0053] However, the present invention addresses the use of MNP interactions in a distinctly different manner and for a different purpose. Here, the MNP and oil droplets bound to the water enter a rotating centrifugal bidirectional filter equipped with a vertically oriented magnetic field of sufficient strength. Thus, the moving MNP and the bound oil are subjected to a radial magnetic force of interaction with a vector direction toward the desired positioning and disposal site.

[0054] US Patent 7,699,979B2 outlines how horizontally rotating and vertically rotating magnetic fields can be used to mix affinity components with contaminants dissolved in a fluid. This disclosure recognizes that such magnetic fields can be used to mix MNPs and target contaminants, but can also be tuned and used as an alternative to motor-driven systems, thereby providing the proposed centrifugal fluid rotation and magnetic force to achieve bidirectional tangential filtration, agglomeration, and contaminant storage.

[0055] The subject matter publicly demonstrates how the magnetic force on the MNP is superimposed on the ES force acting in the preferred direction, thereby enhancing the filtration efficiency.

[0056] It should be noted that the term MNP is representative of a large class of different materials, such as paramagnetic, diamagnetic, ferromagnetic, and antiferromagnetic. However, the corresponding properties illustrated herein are limited to paramagnetism, which is intended to illustrate purification behavior. Although other materials have been used, iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) are preferred due to their non-toxicity and environmental friendliness. In solid magnetite form, they will have a strength of 5.200 kg / m³. 3 The proportion of.

[0057] Paramagnetic iron oxide represents a form of magnetism that occurs only in the presence of an applied magnetic field. Paramagnetic materials have a relative permeability of 1 or greater. In the absence of an applied magnetic field, paramagnets do not retain any magnetization.

[0058] Although there are other possible alternatives to MNP sizes, the diameter range used herein can be between about 1 nm and about 500 nm, and in the case of so-called superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION), preferably 1 nm to 50 nm.

[0059] As further detailed in Venugopal's (2014) article "Controlling Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of PVdF / Magnetite Nanocomposite Fiber Webs" and Sedighi's (2018) article "Fabrication of electrically conductive superparamagnetic fabric with microwave attenuation, antibacterial properties and UV protection using PEDOT / magnetite nanoparticles," a new trend has emerged in the textile industry. The aim is to reduce the static electricity of synthetic fibers, thereby enhancing the wearing performance of more comfortable fabrics.

[0060] Therefore, the present invention can propose adding such functionalized MNPs to washing machine water, detergent, fabric softener, and / or enzyme dosing systems to accelerate contaminant decomposition. Exposure to an EM / ES field during the rinsing water spin-stripping cycle will facilitate the collection of free and target particles / microfibers to be subsequently filtered.

[0061] Centrifuges assume that Newtonian fluids and particles have significant differences in density / specific gravity of the main material, causing the heavier contents to seek an outer radius, while the lighter portions form dividing boundaries between each pool with different densities / specific gravities.

[0062] To address the challenge of separating oil and water using iron oxide MNPs, which are heavier than oil and water, several alternative uses are proposed in this paper. These uses aim to achieve a p > 5 for heavier solid functionalized iron oxide particles (magnetite) and a p < 1 for lighter hollow or mixed particles (SPION embedded in a shell). Different uses require different functional approaches in the MNP application, such as functionalizing the heavier solid iron oxide to absorb contaminated oil, while using lighter hollow spheres or light, dense, multi-hollow polymer spheres with a functionalized shell containing embedded SPIONs.

[0063] As mentioned above, the interaction can be performed using the following physical phenomena: i) electromagnetic field (EMF); ii) electrostatic field (ESF); iii) coexisting and / or discrete EMF and ESF.

[0064] Such interactions can be applied to MNPs with different densities ρ>1 and ρ<1, but can also be applied to different combinations of interaction fields and separation techniques for oil-in-water, water-in-oil, and oil-containing MNPs.

[0065] This disclosure demonstrates how to use MNPs with different properties and mix heavier and lighter particles for use with different target substances in coexistence. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Further objects, structural embodiments, and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following detailed description, accompanying drawings, and claims.

[0067] The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0068] Figure 1 A prior art cyclone filter is schematically illustrated;

[0069] Figure 2 The disc filter assembly of the prior art, as outlined in the "Food Engineering Handbook" (Vazakas, 2014), is shown.

[0070] Figure 3 The subject of the image is a falling particle, illustrating Stokes' law for force balance.

[0071] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates how electrostatic force acts on the dipole;

[0072] Figure 5 The dynamic interaction of magnetic flux, MNP, and the resulting phenomena is shown.

[0073] Figure 6 The field and related forces Fc, Fs, and Fm were visualized.

[0074] Figure 7aThe illustration shows the transition from the centrifuge on the right to an exemplary embodiment of the bidirectional centrifugal filtration device according to the invention on the left;

[0075] Figure 7b The disk plate in the truncated conical disk assembly is shown;

[0076] Figure 7c The bidirectional filter on the left is shown in more detail;

[0077] Figure 8 The centrifugal distribution of oil and water is indicated by the inlet riser 15 and orifice 3 relative to the vertical orientation of the disc plate used in the bidirectional filter assembly according to the invention.

[0078] Figure 9 The main arrangement of the electromagnetic field B and electrostatic field Eo for a truncated cone filter disk assembly is shown;

[0079] Figure 10 Another exemplary embodiment of the bidirectional filter assembly according to the present invention is illustrated;

[0080] Figure 11 It shows according to Figure 10 An alternative embodiment of the two-way filtration device includes multiple membrane filter elements;

[0081] Figure 12 It shows according to Figure 10 Another alternative embodiment of the two-way filtration device includes multiple single-sided metal mesh filters; and

[0082] Figure 13 It shows according to Figure 10 Another alternative embodiment of the two-way filtration device includes multiple double-sided metal mesh filters. Detailed Implementation

[0083] Figure 1 A prior art cyclone filter F is illustrated schematically, comprising an outer housing 5 with a high-pressure fluid inlet 1 and a filter 2 disposed inside the outer housing 5. The outer housing 5 also forms an inner chamber into which the fluid to be treated and / or purified is fed. A spiral vortex is generated inside the chamber. Lighter components in the fluid will have less inertia and are therefore more easily affected by the vortex and concentrated around the outer periphery or edge of the filter 2. The filtered fluid will enter through the filter 2 and then exit through the outlet 3. Conversely, larger or heavier components of particulate matter in the fluid will have greater inertia and will be centrifuged to the inner periphery or edge of the outer housing 5 and will be discharged from the cyclone filter F through the outlet 4 located at the bottom of the cyclone filter F.

[0084] Figure 2A prior art disc filter assembly is shown, in which a pressurized filter housing forces contaminated fluid into each filter plate. For service and maintenance, the fluid in the filter assembly is removed, and circular cleaning is performed by centrifugal rotational force.

[0085] Through a disc filter array, it was determined that the purification of particles and parts by natural gravity is divided into several stages, in which the settling velocity depends on the free vision of the particles reaching the bottom. Gravity settling follows Stokes' law, which defines certain fluid properties of particles settling (or rising) at a constant velocity, namely, the difference in specific gravity must be greater than (or less than) the sum of the particle's buoyancy and hydraulic friction (also known as drag force), such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0086] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the forces acting on a particle (sphere) as it sinks through a liquid column under the influence of gravity. The force resisting its fall is equal to 6πrηv, where r is the radius of the sphere, η is the viscosity of the liquid, and v is the velocity of the falling particle. The downward force is equal to 4 / 3πr. 3 (d1-d2)g, where d1 is the density of the sphere, d2 is the density of the liquid, and g is the gravitational constant. At a constant falling velocity, the upward and downward forces are in equilibrium. Equivalent to the two expressions given above and solving for v, we obtain the required velocity, which, according to Stokes' law, is v = 2 / 9(d1-d2)gr. 2 / η.

[0087] Particles and droplets dissolved in a fluid can be polarized through interaction with an external electrostatic field and are attracted by forces pointing towards the same field, such as... Figure 4 As shown. Accordingly, Figure 5 This illustrates how a magnetic field interacts with forces on a moving magnetic particle P. While the cleanroom industry has utilized similar phenomena for many years, significant drawbacks have arisen due to some particles resisting this polarization. This makes the methods less relevant in terms of availability, capacity, and efficiency. By projecting the subject matter properties onto multiple distinct MNPs that can provide safe interaction between both ES and / or EM, and thus different target contaminants, a more general, predictable, and effective approach and system for industrial cleanrooms is offered.

[0088] exist Figure 5 In the attached figure, reference numeral 1 indicates magnetic torque, reference numeral 2 indicates magnetic moment, reference numeral 3 indicates mechanical torque, and reference numeral 4 indicates vortex degree. The Lorentz force F acts on a charged particle (charge q) in motion (instantaneous velocity v). The electric field E and magnetic field B can vary in both space and time and obey the right-hand rule.

[0089] Figure 6This illustration demonstrates how the interaction between magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and their targets can be controlled using electrostatic and magnetic fields to accommodate even tiny or initially absent centrifugal contaminants. Centrifugal force acts equally at each point by establishing a fluid pressure difference across each particle or complex population. The magnitude of the target pressure is given by the following equation.

[0090]

[0091] It will be equal to particle force: in,

[0092] ρ = density, r = radius, d = particle diameter, and ω = angular velocity.

[0093] The main force clearly requires a certain density difference. The synergistic effect with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and the interaction via EM and / or ES forces aim to mitigate this deficiency. Such forces are represented by the Lorentz equation:

[0094] F = qE + qv × B, where

[0095] F = Lorentz force, q = magnetic charge, E = electric field strength, v = velocity, and B = magnetic field strength.

[0096] In relevant computational fluid dynamics simulations and laboratory experiments, this shows that the force is more than 100 times greater than the corresponding centrifugal force acting on small particles.

[0097] By bonding magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to the host particle, thereby increasing shared properties, it is foreseeable that multiple MNP-droplets will increase weight (or buoyancy) and volume as a time-dependent function. However, slight alterations could allow for some elastic movement, likely generated by oscillations and interaction forces between the EM and ES fields.

[0098] Therefore, a phenomenon known as dilution can be easily achieved, which relates to the effect of the initial movement of dissolved particles on the layer surrounding the particles and reduces dynamic drag. Thus, the aim is to utilize the forces in the cooperative behavior to achieve maximum oscillation and systematically reduce the maximum amplitude of EM and ES power in the flow direction. The subject particles will then be held on a new trajectory by the enhanced centrifugal force, and are therefore reported to have a significantly increased separation velocity.

[0099] For a heavier two-phase EMF separation case where MNPρ>1, how should the separated phase and the phase be divided during steady-state operation? Figure 8The diagram shows a disc plate D distributed around a bidirectional filter assembly according to the invention. The disc plate D is provided with four riser holes 3, and wherein, when the disc plate D is assembled in the bidirectional filter assembly according to the invention, an outer end dead zone 13 and an inner end dead zone 14 are formed in the disc plate D. The disc plate D is also provided with a through opening O through its center, allowing a motor shaft 8 to extend through the disc plate D. Oil droplets and / or MNP agglomerates saturated with adsorbed oil will be centrifuged as heavier particles during the agglomeration purification separation process. EMF interactions will further enhance the pooling of dense oily MNP and water, thereby establishing the following phase transfers: i) the outer separated phase in the form of the outer end dead zone 13 will be agglomerates of compact oily MNP and some water; ii) the intermediate pool in the form of the riser holes 3 will consist of an aqueous solution containing dense oily MNP; and iii) the inner pool in the form of the inner end dead zone 14 will include clean water prepared for filtration from dissolved particles.

[0100] Centrifuges with vertical disc arrays can operate at high speeds, reaching approximately 100,000 G, and are primarily used for purification and polishing. Industrial centrifuges have production capacities ranging from 50 l / h to 250,000 l / h. Their general design allows for easy configuration for purifying various contaminated fluids from oil and gas production, such as drilling mud, brine, MEG, heavy oil produced water, bilge water, and for purifying portable water. In marine areas alone, the number of centrifuges in daily use worldwide has recently been estimated at approximately 30-50,000 units (GEA Fachkolloquium 3-2018).

[0101] The two-phase centrifugal bidirectional and bifacial mesh 17a and 17b filters according to the present invention are in Figure 7a and Figure 7c The diagram shows in more detail that it appears all oil-related particles have been combined with a satisfactory number of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs).

[0102] Figures 7a to 7c A two-phase centrifugal bidirectional filter F according to the present invention is shown. Figure 7a The illustration shows a “transformation” from a prior art centrifugal vertical stacking separator (shown on the right) to an exemplary embodiment of a bidirectional centrifugal filter according to the present invention (shown on the left).

[0103] Figure 7a , Figure 7c The two-phase centrifugal bidirectional filter F shown includes multiple bifacial filters 4 with mesh areas 17a, 17b, wherein the multiple filters 4 are arranged between a lower plate 1 and an upper plate 6 within an outer housing 10. The outer housing 10 is provided with one or more inlets 11 for the contaminated fluid and outlets 130, 140 for separating the phase of the contaminated fluid.

[0104] Therefore, the centrifugal two-way filter F can be used to separate liquid-gas or oil-water, etc.

[0105] The lower plate 1 is provided with multiple riser holes 3, which allow contaminated fluid to flow through the lower plate 1 and enter the separation gap 2a. The riser holes 3 are located at a pre-selected radial distance from the axis of rotation to separate particles and phases according to their density.

[0106] Four filters 4 with double-sided meshes 17a and 17b are arranged within an annular outer housing 10, wherein the filters 4 with double-sided meshes 17a and 17b are arranged at a distance from each other to provide space 5a between two adjacent filters 4. One or more spaces 5a provided between the filters 4 are used to deliver the separated phase to two separate annular compartments 20 and 21 and separate outlets 130 and 140 provided within the outer housing 10.

[0107] In the bidirectional filter F, the stacked filter 4, lower plate 1, annular compartments 20 and 21, and annular spaces 2a and 2b (separation gaps) will form a filter assembly unit.

[0108] In one embodiment, the filter assembly unit may be arranged in a container (not shown) or filter cartridge located within the outer housing 10.

[0109] The outer housing 10 may be provided with an opening mechanism (not shown) to allow access to the container or filter cartridge inside the outer housing 10, so that the filter assembly unit / container or filter cartridge can be manually or automatically removed and replaced in its entirety, and non-conforming components are ready for return for recycling shipment.

[0110] When assembling the bidirectional filter F, the annular compartments 20 and 21 defined by the inner periphery of the outer housing 10 and the outer periphery of the filter 4 will form an outer end dead zone 13 near the outer housing 10, while the annular space 5a provided between the filters 4 will form an inner end dead zone 14 around the shaft 8.

[0111] Each double-sided filter 4 is provided with multiple riser holes 3 and risers 15, thereby allowing contaminated fluid to be distributed between the mesh filters 4.

[0112] The outer housing 10 and the filter 4 are provided with a central through hole, allowing the shaft 8 to be inserted into the outer housing 10 and pass through the filter 4. The filter 4 is connected to the shaft 8 in a suitable manner. The shaft 8 is connected to a drive unit 9, which may be an electric motor or the like.

[0113] It is also conceivable that interacting magnetic fields acting horizontally and / or vertically could be used to rotate the free fluid contents within the filter assembly unit.

[0114] The contaminated fluid from inlet 11 is guided into space 2a, which is provided between outer housing 10 and first filter 4, and between fifth filter 4 and outer housing 10. The contaminated fluid then flows through multiple riser holes 3 and tubular elements 15, rising upwards within the filter assembly so that it is distributed to filter 4 through separation gaps 2a and 2b as the filter assembly rotates at high speed. Centrifugal force then separates dissolved contaminants of different weights.

[0115] Centrifugal force will also cause contaminated fluids containing more phases to be separated into corresponding phases (e.g., liquid and gas, oil and water), wherein the lighter fraction will be separated and flow out through outlet 140, while the heavier fraction will be separated and flow out through outlet 130.

[0116] For example, such as Figure 10 As shown, the electromagnetic (EM) field device, which can be arranged as an external coil 7, and the electrostatic (ES) power high voltage potential between the rotor and stator of the centrifugal disc separator have been... Figure 9 The image is shown in the middle. Furthermore... Figure 9 The electromagnetic field B and the electrostatic field Eo are shown to be arranged to extend over a truncated cone-shaped filter disk assembly.

[0117] Electrostatic field (ESF) interaction is provided by the horizontal potential and field between the stator and rotor of the centrifugal disc separator. For the electrocoalescing device, the voltage at 0-5 kHz is typically 0-5 kV. The electromagnetic field can be provided by coils 7 located outside the stator of the centrifugal disc separator. The disc assembly will preferably be made of a material with high magnetic permeability.

[0118] Figure 10 An alternative embodiment of the bidirectional filter F according to the invention is shown, wherein the bidirectional filter F includes an annular outer housing 10, an annular lower plate 1, and an annular upper plate 6 arranged within the annular outer housing 10. The outer housing 10 is provided with one or more inlets 11 for contaminated fluid and one or more outlets 12 for filtered fluid.

[0119] The lower annular plate 1 and the upper annular plate 6 are arranged at a distance from each other to provide space for the separation gap 2a, the filter 4 and the cleaning fluid gap 5a.

[0120] Filter 4 may include a thin metal or polymer mesh screen and / or a thicker layer of related filter material.

[0121] In addition, the coil 7 is arranged around the inner periphery of the outer housing 10.

[0122] In the bidirectional filter F, the lower plate 1, the upper plate 6, the filter 4, the separation gap 2a, and the cleaning fluid gap 5a will form a filter assembly unit.

[0123] In one embodiment, the filter assembly unit may be arranged in a container (not shown) or filter cartridge located within the outer housing 10.

[0124] The outer housing 10 may be provided with an opening mechanism (not shown) to allow access to the container or filter cartridge inside the outer housing 10, so that the filter assembly unit / container or filter cartridge can be replaced as a whole and / or the filter assembly unit can be disassembled for replacement.

[0125] The lower plate 1 is also provided with multiple riser holes 3, which allow contaminated fluid to flow through the lower plate 1 and enter the separation gap 2a. The riser holes 3 are located at a pre-selected radial distance from the axis of rotation to separate particles and phases according to their density.

[0126] The group of multiple filter assemblies F will have riser holes 3 arranged along the same vertical axis. Therefore, when the filter 4 is assembled, the riser holes 3 will provide tubular conduits for the flow of contaminated fluid to all separation gaps 2a, 2b and the filter 4.

[0127] Furthermore, on the lower side of the outer housing 10, the lower plate 1, the upper plate 6, and the filter 4 are provided with a central through hole, allowing the shaft 8 to be inserted into the outer housing 10 and pass through the lower plate 1, the upper plate 6, and the filter 4, thereby connecting the lower plate 1, the upper plate 6, and the filter 4 in a suitable manner. The shaft 8 is connected to a drive unit 9, which may be an electric motor or the like.

[0128] It can also be envisioned that horizontally and / or vertically acting interacting magnetic fields can be used to detach fluid contents between the lower plate 1 and the upper plate 6 in both single filter assembly units and multiple groups.

[0129] When assembling the bidirectional filter F, the separation gap 2a defined by the inner periphery of the coil 7, the lower surface of the filter 4 and the upper surface of the lower plate 1 will form an outer end dead zone 13 near the outer periphery of the outer housing 10 and an inner end dead zone 14 around the shaft 8.

[0130] Pressurized contaminated fluid will enter the outer casing 10 through inlet 11 for contaminated fluid.

[0131] Subsequently, the contaminated fluid will flow through multiple riser holes 3 provided in the lower plate 1 and rise into the separation gap 2a formed between the lower plate 1 and the filter inlet 4.

[0132] The two-way filter F will rotate at high speed, where centrifugal force separates dissolved contaminants of different weights.

[0133] By F cThe magnitude of the rotational force given by +F will effectively guide and force the heavier particles to the outer dead zone 13 of the separation gap 2a, and will force the lighter contents to the inner dead zone 14 of the separation gap 2a, where the treated object will be compacted and agglomerated.

[0134] This will force most of the contaminated fluid to the outer dead zone 13 and inner dead zone 14 of the separation gap 2a (which also represent the filtration areas with the highest load). At this point, the fluid will change its flow direction by 90° into the filter 4. Therefore, the filter load and dirt will follow the same incremental build-up and direction as the contaminant agglomeration until the filter 4 is optimally utilized and replaced.

[0135] The fluid will exit filter 4, and the filtered or cleaned fluid will flow out through the open gap 5a provided between filter 4 and upper plate 6, and further out through outlet 12. Due to the fact that the weight of microparticles and nanoparticles has a negligible effect on centrifugal force, they can move and be dragged randomly in random directions. It is known that some particles are, or can be, pre-magnetized for magnetic attraction. Another more reliable technique is to incorporate functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) onto the subject contaminant to ensure a defined source for external magnetic interactions.

[0136] Since the bidirectional filter F can alternatively include, for example Figure 10 A filter assembly unit as shown or such Figure 12 The filter assembly unit shown includes multiple stacked integral filters 4, separation gaps 2a, and clean fluid gaps 5a, thus allowing the flow of contaminated fluid to be guided along the separation gaps 2a to the clean fluid gaps 5a using a single filter surface. As used herein, the expression "single-sided filter" should be understood to include one or more filters 4, such as... Figure 10 and Figure 12 As shown, the contaminated fluid flows out from the corresponding separation gap 2a or 2b, passes through a filter 4 / multiple filters 4, and flows from one side into a clean fluid gap 5a / multiple clean fluid gaps 5a.

[0137] Accordingly, the expression "double-sided filter" means, for example... Figure 11 and Figure 13 The filter 4 shown is in which contaminated fluid flows out from the separation gap 2b through the filter 4 and flows into one or more clean fluid gaps 5a from both sides (e.g., ...). Figure 7c (As shown in more detail below), fluid can enter the clean fluid void 5a from either the filtration zone 17a or 17b.

[0138] Figure 9This indicates how an externally tuned electromagnetic field B and electrostatic field Eo can be applied for bidirectional filtration. Typically, for low-flow and small-sized filter assemblies, such as those used to purify textile fibers from personal washing machines and dryers, simply using static magnets may be suitable. (See reference...) Figure 10 In order to attract MNPs and target contaminants toward the corresponding end dead zones 13, 14 at the appropriate time, the lower disk 1 of the disk assembly can be made to be magnetic on one side.

[0139] Those skilled in the art will know how the lower plate 1 can be made to be magnetic on one and / or both sides, and therefore will not be described herein.

[0140] As cited in the above-mentioned documents by Venugopal (2014) and Sedighi (2018), contaminated fluids may include magnetic nanoparticles that have been added to the fluid and / or magnetic nanoparticles that are inherent to the properties of contaminated particles.

[0141] Figure 11 An alternative embodiment of a bidirectional filter F is shown, wherein the bidirectional filter F includes an annular outer housing 10, an annular lower plate 1, and an annular upper plate 6 arranged within the annular outer housing 10. The outer housing 10 is provided with an inlet 11 for contaminated fluid and an outlet 12 for filtered fluid.

[0142] Although the outer housing 10 is shown to have only one inlet 11 for contaminated fluid and one outlet 12 for filtered fluid, it should be understood that the outer housing 10 may be provided with more than one inlet 11 for contaminated fluid and / or more than one outlet 12 for filtered fluid.

[0143] The lower plate 1 is also provided with multiple riser holes 3, which allow contaminated fluid to flow through the lower plate 1 and enter the separation gap 2a. The riser holes 3 are located at a pre-selected radial distance from the axis of rotation to separate particles and phases according to their density and appearance.

[0144] Six single-sided filters 4 are arranged within an annular outer housing 10, wherein the filters 4 are spaced apart from each other to provide an annular space 5a between two adjacent filters 4. The annular spaces 5a between the first and second filters 4, the third and fourth filters 4, and the fifth and sixth filters 4 are used to convey filtered fluid to an annular space 5b within the outer housing 10, wherein the annular space 5b is provided with an outlet 12. The annular spaces (separation gaps) 2a and 2b between the outer housing 10 and the first filter 4, the second and third filters 4, the fourth and fifth filters 4, and the sixth filter and the outer housing 10 are used to convey contaminated fluid from an inlet 11 for contaminated fluid to the plurality of filters 4.

[0145] In the bidirectional filter F, the stacked filter 4, annular space 5a (cleaning fluid gap), annular space 5b, and annular spaces 2a and 2b (separation gaps) will form a filter assembly unit.

[0146] In one embodiment, the filter assembly unit may be arranged in a container (not shown) or filter cartridge located within the outer housing 10.

[0147] The outer housing 10 may be provided with an opening mechanism (not shown) to allow access to the container or filter cartridge inside the outer housing 10, so that the filter assembly unit / container or filter cartridge can be manually or automatically removed and replaced in its entirety, and non-conforming components are ready for return for recycling shipment.

[0148] A filter assembly unit comprising multiple filters 4 will have riser holes 3 arranged along the same vertical axis. Therefore, during filter 4 assembly, the riser holes 3 will provide tubular conduits for the contaminated fluid flow to all filters 4. To separate the clean fluid gaps 5a and 5b from the contaminated fluid, the tubular conduits include sealed riser pipes 15 arranged between each clean fluid gap 5a and separation gap 2a within the filter 4.

[0149] Furthermore, the outer housing 10, the lower plate 1, and the filter 4 are provided with a central through hole, allowing the shaft 8 to be inserted into the outer housing 10 and pass through the filter 4. The filter 4 is connected to the shaft 8 in a suitable manner. The shaft 8 is connected to a drive unit 9, which may be an electric motor or the like.

[0150] It is also conceivable that interacting magnetic fields acting horizontally and / or vertically could be used to rotate the free fluid contents within the filter assembly unit.

[0151] When assembling the bidirectional filter F, the annular space 5b defined by the inner periphery of the outer housing 10 and the outer periphery of the filter 4 will form an outer end dead zone 13 near the outer housing 10, and the annular space 5a disposed between the filters 4 will form an inner end dead zone 14 around the shaft 8.

[0152] The contaminated fluid flowing out from inlet 11 flows through multiple riser holes 3 and tubular elements 15, and is thus distributed to all separation gaps 2a, 2b and to the first filter 4 and the sixth filter 4 as the filter assembly rotates at high speed. Then, centrifugal force separates the dissolved contaminants of different weights.

[0153] Subsequently, the contaminated fluid will be forced to flow through filter 4 for cleaning. Afterward, the filtered or cleaned fluid will flow through annular space 5a to be collected in outer annular space 5b, and then further flow through outlet 12.

[0154] The arrows indicate that the contaminated fluid from the separation gap 2a can be filtered by the filter 4 arranged above the separation gap 2a, by the filter 4 arranged below the separation gap 2a, or by both the upper and lower filters 4.

[0155] By F c The magnitude of the rotational force given by +F will effectively guide and force the heavier particles to the outer dead zone 13 of the annular compartment 5a, while forcing the lighter contents to the inner dead zone 14 provided around the shaft 8, where the treated object will be compacted and agglomerated.

[0156] This will force most of the contaminated fluid to the outer dead zone 13 and inner dead zone 14 of the separation gaps 2a and 2b, which are defined by the annular space 5b and the shaft 8, and also represent the filtration area with the highest load.

[0157] Figure 12 An embodiment of a two-way filter F is shown, wherein the two-way filter F includes an annular outer housing 10, an annular lower plate 1, and an annular upper plate 6 arranged within the annular outer housing 10. The outer housing 10 is provided with an inlet 11 for contaminated fluid and an outlet 12 for filtered fluid.

[0158] Although the outer housing 10 is shown to have only one inlet 11 for contaminated fluid and one outlet 12 for filtered fluid, it should be understood that the outer housing 10 may be provided with more than one inlet 11 for contaminated fluid and / or more than one outlet 12 for filtered fluid.

[0159] The lower plate 1 is also provided with multiple riser holes 3, which allow contaminated fluid to flow through the lower plate 1 and enter the separation gap 2a. The riser holes 3 are located at a pre-selected radial distance from the axis of rotation to separate particles and phases according to their density and appearance.

[0160] Five filters 4 with single-sided mesh 17a are arranged within an annular outer housing 10, wherein the filters 4 are arranged at a distance from each other to provide space 5a between two adjacent filters 4. The space 5a provided between two adjacent single-sided mesh filters 4 is used to deliver the filtered fluid to an annular chamber 5b and an outlet 12 provided within the outer housing 10.

[0161] In the bidirectional filter F, the stacked filter 4, lower plate 1, annular space 5a (cleaning fluid gap), annular space 5b and annular spaces 2a, 2b (separation gap) will form a filter assembly unit.

[0162] In one embodiment, the filter assembly unit may be arranged in a container (not shown) or filter cartridge located within the outer housing 10.

[0163] The outer housing 10 may be provided with an opening mechanism (not shown) to allow access to the container or filter cartridge inside the outer housing 10, so that the filter assembly unit / container or filter cartridge can be manually or automatically removed and replaced in its entirety, and non-conforming components are ready for return for recycling shipment.

[0164] When assembling the bidirectional filter F, the annular space 2b defined by the inner periphery of the outer housing 10 and the outer periphery of the mesh filter 4 will form an outer end dead zone 13 near the outer housing 10, and the annular space 5a provided between the filters 4 will form an inner end dead zone 14 around the shaft 8.

[0165] Each mesh filter 4 is provided with multiple riser holes 3 and risers 15, thereby allowing contaminated fluid to be distributed among the mesh filters 4.

[0166] The outer housing 10 and the filter 4 are provided with a central through hole, allowing the shaft 8 to be inserted into the outer housing 10 and pass through the filter 4. The filter 4 is connected to the shaft 8 in a suitable manner. The shaft 8 is connected to a drive unit 9, which may be an electric motor or the like.

[0167] It is also conceivable that interacting magnetic fields acting horizontally and / or vertically could be used to rotate the free fluid contents within the filter assembly unit.

[0168] In addition, each mesh filter 4 has a mesh 17a on only one side.

[0169] The contaminated fluid from inlet 11 is guided into space 2a located between outer housing 10 and first filter 4, and between fifth filter 4 and outer housing 10. The contaminated fluid then flows through multiple riser holes 3 and tubular elements 15, rising upwards within the filter assembly to be distributed to filter 4 via separation gaps 2a and 2b as the filter assembly rotates at high speed. Centrifugal force then separates dissolved contaminants of varying weights.

[0170] Subsequently, the contaminated fluid will be forced to flow through filter 4 for cleaning. Afterward, the filtered or cleaned fluid will flow through annular space 5a to be collected in outer annular space 5b, and then further flow through outlet 12.

[0171] The arrows show how the contaminated fluid from the separation gap 2a is directed to the filter 4, and how the filtered or clean fluid then flows through the annular space 5a to be collected in the outer annular space 5b and further through the outlet 12.

[0172] By F c The magnitude of the rotational force given by +F will effectively guide and force the heavier particles to the outer dead zone 13 of the annular compartment 5a, while forcing the lighter contents to the inner dead zone 14 provided around the shaft 8, where the treated object will be compacted and agglomerated.

[0173] This will force most of the contaminated fluid to the outer dead zone 13 and inner dead zone 14 of the annular space 5b, as well as the shaft 8, which also represents the filtration area with the highest load.

[0174] Figure 13 It shows the relationship with Figure 12 A similar embodiment is shown, except that the mesh filter 4 in this embodiment has meshes on the upper side 17a and the lower side 17b of the filter 4.

[0175] The bidirectional filter F includes an annular outer housing 10, an annular lower plate 1, and an annular upper plate 6 arranged within the annular outer housing 10. The outer housing 10 is provided with an inlet 11 for contaminated fluid and an outlet 12 for filtered fluid.

[0176] Although the outer housing 10 is shown to have only one inlet 11 for contaminated fluid and one outlet 12 for filtered fluid, it should be understood that the outer housing 10 may be provided with more than one inlet 11 for contaminated fluid and / or more than one outlet 12 for filtered fluid.

[0177] The lower plate 1 is also provided with multiple riser holes 3, which allow contaminated fluid to flow through the lower plate 1 and enter the separation gap 2a. The riser holes 3 are located at a pre-selected radial distance from the axis of rotation to separate particles and phases according to their density.

[0178] Five filters 4 with double-sided meshes 17a and 17b are arranged within an annular outer housing 10, wherein the filters 4 are arranged at a distance from each other to provide a space 5a between two adjacent filters 4. The space 5a provided between two adjacent single-sided mesh filters 4 is used to deliver the filtered fluid to an annular chamber 5b and an outlet 12 provided within the outer housing 10.

[0179] In the bidirectional filter F, the stacked filter 4, lower plate 1, annular space 5a (cleaning fluid gap), annular space 5b and annular spaces 2a, 2b (separation gap) will form a filter assembly unit.

[0180] In one embodiment, the filter assembly unit may be arranged in a container (not shown) or filter cartridge located within the outer housing 10.

[0181] The outer housing 10 may be provided with an opening mechanism (not shown) to allow access to the container or filter cartridge inside the outer housing 10, so that the filter assembly unit / container or filter cartridge can be manually or automatically removed and replaced in its entirety, and non-conforming components are ready for return for recycling shipment.

[0182] When assembling the bidirectional filter F, the annular space 5b defined by the inner periphery of the outer housing 10 and the outer periphery of the mesh filter 4 will form an outer end dead zone 13 near the outer housing 10, and the annular space 5a disposed between the filters 4 will form an inner end dead zone 14 around the shaft 8.

[0183] Each double-sided filter 4 is provided with multiple riser holes 3 and risers 15, thereby allowing contaminated fluid to be distributed between the mesh filters 4.

[0184] The outer housing 10 and the filter 4 are provided with a central through hole, allowing the shaft 8 to be inserted into the outer housing 10 and pass through the filter 4. The filter 4 is connected to the shaft 8 in a suitable manner. The shaft 8 is connected to a drive unit 9, which may be an electric motor or the like.

[0185] It is also conceivable that interacting magnetic fields acting horizontally and / or vertically could be used to rotate the free fluid contents within the filter assembly unit.

[0186] The contaminated fluid from inlet 11 is guided into space 2a located between outer housing 10 and first filter 4, and between fifth filter 4 and outer housing 10. The contaminated fluid then flows through multiple riser holes 3 and tubular elements 15, rising upwards within the filter assembly to be distributed to filter 4 via separation gaps 2a and 2b as the filter assembly rotates at high speed. Centrifugal force then separates dissolved contaminants of varying weights.

[0187] Subsequently, the contaminated fluid will be forced to flow through filter 4 for cleaning. Afterward, the filtered or cleaned fluid will flow through annular space 5a to be collected in outer annular space 5b, and then further flow through outlet 12.

[0188] The arrows indicate that the contaminated fluid from the separation gap 2a can be filtered by the filter 4 arranged above the separation gap 2a, by the filter 4 arranged below the separation gap 2a, or by both the upper and lower filters 4.

[0189] By F c The magnitude of the rotational force given by +F will effectively guide and force the heavier particles to the outer dead zone 13 of the separation gaps 2a, 2b, while forcing the lighter contents to the inner dead zone 14 set around the shaft 8, where the object to be disposed of will be compacted and agglomerated.

[0190] This will force most of the contaminated fluid to the outer dead zone 13 and inner dead zone 14, which are defined by the annular space 5b and the axis 8, and also represent the filtration areas with the highest load.

[0191] according to Figures 10 to 13 The bidirectional filter F component may include one or more membrane filters and / or mesh filters.

[0192] Membrane filters can be made from a variety of synthetic materials, including cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate (collodion), polyamide (nylon), polycarbonate, polypropylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) – all of which can be integrated with magnetic or magnetized elements.

[0193] Mesh filters can be made of metal, polymer or natural materials, with the choice of mesh material based on the requirements indicated by the filtration task and environmental conditions.

[0194] The present invention is now described with reference to several non-limiting exemplary embodiments. Those skilled in the art will recognize that various variations and modifications can be made to the bidirectional filter as described within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bidirectional filter (F), comprising: The outer housing (10) and filter assembly unit, wherein the outer housing (10) is provided with an inlet (11) for contaminated fluid and at least one outlet (12, 130, 140), wherein the filter assembly unit includes a lower plate (1), an upper plate (6) and a plurality of filters (4). At least one separation gap (2a, 2b) and at least one cleaning fluid gap (5a, 5b) are arranged between the lower plate (1), the upper plate (6) and the plurality of filters (4). The at least one separation gap (2a, 2b) is used to convey contaminated fluid from the inlet (11) to the plurality of filters (4), and the at least one cleaning fluid gap (5a, 5b) is used to convey filtered fluid to the at least one outlet (12, 130, 140). The lower plate (1) is provided with one or more riser inlet holes (3) and risers (15) arranged at a distance from the center of the lower plate (1) to allow the contaminated fluid to flow through the lower plate (1) and enter the at least one separation gap (2a, 2b); The plurality of filters, the at least one separation gap (2a, 2b), and the outer housing (10) provide an outer end dead zone (13) and an inner end dead zone (14) within the bidirectional filter (F), the outer end dead zone and the inner end dead zone being respectively arranged at the outer periphery and inner periphery of the at least one separation gap (2a, 2b). The filter assembly unit is connected to the drive unit (9) via a shaft (8); and The filter (4) is provided with one or more riser inlet holes (3) and risers (15) arranged between the outer end dead zone (13) and the inner end dead zone (14) to provide the polluted fluid with a tubular conduit to flow to the filter (4).

2. The bidirectional filter (F) according to claim 1. Its features are, The lower plate (1) and / or the upper plate (6) are made of steel or magnetic material.

3. The bidirectional filter (F) according to claim 1. Its features are, The drive unit (9) is an electric motor, or a horizontal rotating magnetic field and / or a vertical rotating magnetic field.

4. The bidirectional filter (F) according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Its features are, The bidirectional filter (F) includes a coil (7) and / or a tool for providing magnetic and electrostatic fields.

5. The bidirectional filter (F) according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Its features are, The filter (4) is a membrane filter and / or a mesh filter.

6. The bidirectional filter (F) according to claim 5. Its features are, The mesh filter (4) is a single-sided filter with mesh areas (17a) or a double-sided filter with mesh areas (17a, 17b).

7. The application of the bidirectional filter (F) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in combination with magnetic nanoparticles.

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