High pressure electrostatic cyclone dust collector

Abstract

The application relates to a high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector, which comprises a cyclone dust collector part and a high-voltage electrostatic dust collector part, the cyclone dust collector part comprises a cylinder body with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe arranged on the surface, the bottom of the cylinder body is connected with an inverted cone body provided with a dust outlet, the high-voltage electrostatic dust collector part comprises a discharge management system arranged outside the cylinder body, the discharge management system is connected with at least one set of working units, the working unit comprises a switching circuit connected with a discharge electrode plate attached to the side wall of the air outlet pipe and the cylinder body through an insulating wire, when the discharge electrode plate and the cylinder body are in an insulating state, the working unit discharges to the space in the cylinder body through the discharge electrode plate, thereby realizing a high-voltage electrostatic adsorption function; when the insulating state is destroyed due to the increase of conductive components accumulated on the surface of the discharge electrode plate in the electrostatic adsorption process, the working unit is switched to a dielectric barrier discharge mode to oxidize and decompose the conductive components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of electrostatic precipitators, and in particular relates to a high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector. Background Technology

[0002] Existing high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collectors all adopt a design based on traditional cyclone dust collectors, integrating high-voltage electrostatic precipitator industry technical standards. High-voltage discharge metal electrodes, such as discharge spikes, wires, rods, meshes, and plates, are installed inside the equipment. For insulation safety, high-voltage insulating support materials, such as high-voltage insulating ceramic supports, are used to insulate the discharge electrodes from the metal shell structure of the cyclone dust collector, ensuring normal discharge operation. Cyclone dust collectors are effective at handling large dust particles in the treated gas, but their efficiency in handling small dust particles is poor; electrostatic precipitators have poor ability to handle large dust particles, but are effective at handling small dust particles. Therefore, by incorporating electrostatic precipitator technology into a cyclone dust collector, it is possible to achieve efficient simultaneous treatment of two types of dust particles of different sizes within a single device, handling both large and small dust particles.

[0003] However, existing high-voltage electrostatic generators encounter situations where the treated gas contains a large amount of conductive dust particles (such as the massive amounts of carbon particles generated in the exhaust gas from large oil-fired or coal-fired engines or boilers), has high humidity, or contains conductive electrolytes. In these cases, the conductive components adhere to the outer surface of the dust collector housing and insulating support, forming a weakly conductive layer. This breaks the high-voltage insulation safety limit, leading to insulation breakdown. This can cause flashover or even short circuits in the high-voltage electrode device, resulting in the high-voltage generator's protective shutdown or overload damage. This not only affects normal continuous production processes, but overload damage can also severely impact production downtime, increasing user operating and maintenance costs. Most seriously, high-voltage leakage can endanger the personal safety of workers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector that ensures that the insulating support of the discharge electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator can be used in a dusty environment and that its insulation capacity can be quickly restored when conductive components accumulate on its surface and cause insulation failure.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector is provided, comprising a cyclone dust collector section and a high-voltage electrostatic dust collector section. The cyclone dust collector section includes a cylindrical body with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe on its surface. The bottom of the cylindrical body is connected to an inverted cone with a dust outlet. The high-voltage electrostatic dust collector section includes a discharge management system located outside the cylindrical body. The discharge management system is connected to at least one working unit. The working unit includes a switching circuit connected to a discharge electrode plate attached to the side wall of the outlet pipe and the cylindrical body via an insulated wire. When the discharge electrode plate and the cylindrical body are in an insulating state, the working unit discharges into the internal space of the cylindrical body through the discharge electrode plate to achieve high-voltage electrostatic adsorption. When the conductive components accumulated on the surface of the discharge electrode plate increase during electrostatic adsorption, causing the insulation state to be destroyed, the working unit switches to a dielectric barrier discharge mode to oxidize and decompose the conductive components.

[0006] Preferably, the discharge electrode plate includes an insulating ceramic plate, a discharge plate covered with an insulating layer, and a discharge metal mesh that are fixedly connected to each other from the inside out. A terminal post is provided on the inner side of the discharge plate, and a terminal post is provided on one side of the discharge metal mesh.

[0007] Preferably, the side wall of the air outlet duct has a wall opening, and the terminal block passes inward through the insulating ceramic plate and is located in the center of the wall opening.

[0008] Preferably, the working unit includes a sub-controller, a current frequency sensor, and a power supply circuit that can switch between unidirectional rectified voltage and AC voltage. When the current frequency sensor detects and determines that the system is operating normally, the power supply circuit maintains the provision of unidirectional rectified voltage and the working unit is in high-voltage electrostatic adsorption mode. When the current frequency sensor detects a signal of instantaneous current increase, the power supply circuit is switched to provide AC high voltage and the working unit is switched to dielectric barrier discharge mode.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the power supply circuit is connected to terminal one, terminal three of the cylinder is connected to the positive terminal of high-voltage diode two, the negative terminal of high-voltage diode two is connected to the other end of the power supply circuit, and a current frequency sensor is provided between high-voltage diode two and the power supply circuit; terminal three of the cylinder is sequentially connected to switch two, high-voltage diode one, switch one, and terminal two; the positive terminal of high-voltage diode one is connected to the negative terminal of high-voltage diode two; switch one, switch two, and the current frequency sensor are connected to the sub-controller.

[0010] Preferably, four sets of discharge electrode plates are evenly distributed on the side wall surface of the air outlet duct, and the discharge management system further includes a transformer for supplying power to the power supply circuit and a main controller for controlling the sub-controller.

[0011] Preferably, the insulating layer is made of enamel material.

[0012] Preferably, the cylinder is grounded.

[0013] Preferably, the air inlet direction of the air inlet pipe is tangent to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0014] Beneficial effects

[0015] This invention provides a high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector that combines a high-voltage electrostatic precipitator with a cyclone dust collector. The high-voltage electrostatic precipitator section is equipped with a controller, a high-voltage diode, and an electronic switch to switch between dielectric barrier discharge and normal discharge dust removal modes. When the insulation of the high-voltage electrostatic precipitator section becomes covered with conductive dust and insulation fails, it automatically switches to dielectric barrier discharge mode based on the current frequency sensor. This generates a large amount of plasma, ozone, and hydroxyl radicals, which can quickly decompose, oxidize, and degrade the components accumulated on the surface of the high-voltage electrostatic precipitator section that affect insulation. After cleaning, it automatically switches back to normal discharge dust removal mode, effectively ensuring that the system maintains normal dust removal function for a long time.

[0016] This invention is applicable to dust removal operations in industrial fields, such as engines or boilers, particularly in the treatment of exhaust gases from high-power diesel or heavy oil engines. Heavy oil engine exhaust contains not only significant amounts of carbon soot but also various particulate matter and sulfur and phosphorus pollutants, most of which adsorb to each other to form tiny particles. Traditional dust removal technologies suffer from high exhaust resistance, long processes, and multiple functions arranged separately to reliably achieve the treatment goal. Furthermore, the failure of any one function can cause the entire system to shut down, severely impacting the continuity of equipment operation. This patented invention, in addition to achieving highly efficient dust removal capabilities, also possesses more stable and long-term operational capabilities, eliminating concerns about treatment failures caused by system malfunctions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the discharge electrode plate at point A.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the equivalent capacitance of the intermediate frequency electrode plate.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit between the intermediate discharge electrode plate and the cylinder.

[0021] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the working unit circuit connected to a high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The equivalent circuit diagram is shown.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of a high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector connected to the main controller.

[0024] Among them, 1-cylinder; 2-air inlet pipe; 3-air outlet pipe; 4-inverted cone; 5-ash outlet; 6-discharge electrode plate; 7-terminal one; 8-wall opening; 9-side wall; 10-insulating ceramic plate; 11-discharge plate; 12-discharge metal wire mesh; 13-terminal two; 14-insulation layer; 15-power supply circuit; 16-sub-controller; 17-main controller; 18-transformer; 19-working unit; 20-primary coil; 21-secondary coil; 22-terminal three.

[0025] C0 - Equivalent capacitance one; C1 - Equivalent capacitance two; R1 - Equivalent resistance; S1 - Current frequency sensor; K1 - Switch one; K2 - Switch two; D1 - High voltage diode one; D2 - High voltage diode two.

[0026] The same markings in each diagram represent the same component. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0028] like Figure 7 As shown, the present invention provides a high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector, comprising a cyclone dust collector section and a high-voltage electrostatic dust collection section. Wherein, as... Figure 1 As shown, the cyclone dust collector includes a cylindrical body 1 with an inlet pipe 2 and an outlet pipe 3 on its surface. The bottom of the cylindrical body 1 is connected to an inverted cone 4 with an ash outlet 5. The high-voltage electrostatic dust collector includes a discharge management system located outside the cylindrical body 1. The discharge management system is connected to at least one set of working units 19. The working unit 19 includes a switching circuit that is connected to a discharge electrode plate 6 attached to the side wall 9 of the outlet pipe 3 and the cylindrical body 1 via insulated wires.

[0029] When the discharge electrode plate 6 is in an insulating state with the cylinder 1, the working unit 19 discharges electricity from the discharge electrode plate 6 to the space inside the cylinder 1, realizing the high-voltage electrostatic adsorption function; when the insulating state is destroyed due to the increase of the conductive components accumulated on the surface of the discharge electrode plate 6 during the electrostatic adsorption process, the working unit 19 switches to the dielectric barrier discharge mode to oxidize and decompose the conductive components. The air inlet direction of the air inlet pipe 2 is tangent to the inner side wall 9 of the cylinder 1.

[0030] As shown in Figure 2 , in a specific embodiment, the discharge electrode plate 6 includes an insulating ceramic plate 10, a discharge plate 11 coated with an insulating layer 14, and a discharge metal wire mesh 12 fixedly connected with each other from inside to outside. The inner side of the discharge plate 11 is provided with a terminal post one 7, and one side of the discharge metal wire mesh 12 is provided with a terminal post two 13. The side wall 9 of the air outlet pipe 3 is provided with a wall opening 8, and the terminal post one 7 penetrates the insulating ceramic plate 10 inwardly and is located in the center of the wall opening 8, so as to prevent the terminal post one 7 from contacting the cylinder 1 and causing short circuit.

[0031] As shown in Figure 3 , the equivalent circuit of the discharge electrode plate 6 is an equivalent capacitor one CO. Specifically, the terminal post one 7 at the tail of the discharge electrode plate 6 is connected with the discharge plate 11 coated in the insulating layer 14, which is equivalent to the left plate of the capacitor; the discharge metal wire mesh 12 with the terminal post two 13 is equivalent to the right plate of the capacitor; and the insulating layer 14 made of enamel material is equivalent to the intermediate medium of the capacitor. Since enamel (ceramic) is a material with high insulation and small dielectric loss, it is widely used in capacitor products.

[0032] As shown in Figure 4 , 5 , 6, the equivalent circuit between the discharge electrode plate 6 and the cylinder 1 is a parallel equivalent capacitor two CI and an equivalent resistor R1. Specifically, the terminal post two 13 of the discharge metal wire mesh 12 and the inner side of the metal cylinder wall of the cylinder 1 (equivalent to a terminal post three 22) are a processing space, and the gas in the space is equivalent to the equivalent capacitor two CI as a medium; at the same time, the processing space has a certain resistance value under high voltage, which is equivalent to the equivalent resistor R1. The equivalent resistor R1 and the equivalent capacitor two CI are equivalent in parallel in space. In addition, the cylinder 1 is made of conductive metal and is usually connected to the ground as the main structure, so the cylinder 1 is equivalent to the ground state.

[0033] The working unit 19 includes a sub-controller 16, a current frequency sensor S1 and a power supply circuit 15 which can switch between unidirectional rectified voltage and alternating voltage. One end of the power supply circuit 15 is connected with the terminal 7, the terminal 22 of the cylinder 1 is connected with the positive pole of the high-voltage diode 2, the negative pole of the high-voltage diode 2 is connected with the other end of the power supply circuit 15, and the high-voltage diode 2 and the power supply circuit 15 are provided with the current frequency sensor S1; the terminal 22 of the cylinder 1 is connected with the switch 2 K2, the high-voltage diode 1, the switch 1 K1 and the terminal 13 in sequence; the positive pole of the high-voltage diode 1 is connected with the negative pole of the high-voltage diode 2; the switch 1 K1, the switch 2 K2 and the current frequency sensor S1 are connected with the sub-controller 16.

[0034] When the current frequency sensor S1 detects that the system is normally running, the sub-controller 16 controls the power supply circuit 15 to keep providing unidirectional rectified voltage, and the switch 1 K1 in the working unit 19 is in the closed state and the switch 2 K2 is in the open state, at this time, the system is in the double-voltage boosting direct-current working mode, that is, the high-voltage electrostatic adsorption mode. The highest discharge voltage is obtained at the equivalent resistance R1, and the discharge metal wire mesh 12 on the surface of the discharge electrode plate 6 discharges to space to realize the high-voltage electrostatic adsorption function. The working voltage is 2 times the unidirectional rectified voltage.

[0035] When the current frequency sensor S1 detects the current momentary rise signal (that is, when the discharge electrode plate 6 around and the surface of the insulating ceramic plate 10 cover more conductive components, the high-voltage insulation is damaged, the high-voltage discharge metal wire mesh 12 on the right side of the equivalent capacitor C0 is high-voltage breakdown to the ground, and the resistance value of the equivalent resistance R1 approaches zero), the sub-controller 16 switches the power supply circuit 15 to provide alternating high voltage and opens the switch 1 K1 and closes the switch 2 K2 in the working unit 19 to switch to the dielectric barrier discharge mode. At this time, the voltage is one time of the alternating voltage, and the plasma generated by the dielectric barrier discharge of the insulating layer 14 of the porcelain material is oxidized and decomposed. If the gas contains oxygen and moisture, ozone and hydroxyl radicals will be generated; if the conductive component is carbon powder, it will be oxidized into carbon dioxide and escape. After a very short time, the covered carbon powder is treated, the conductivity of the structure surface of the discharge electrode plate 6 is greatly reduced, the insulation is restored, the current frequency sensor S1 re-detects the current drop in the signal, and the controller switches the switch 1 K1 to be closed and the switch 2 K2 to be opened, and the system automatically recovers to the direct-current high-voltage electrostatic adsorption mode.

[0036] As Figure 7As shown, in one embodiment, the side wall 9 of the air outlet pipe 3 is evenly distributed with four sets of discharge electrode plates 6, i.e. actually configured with four sets of working units 19 Unit-A~D. The discharge management system further comprises a transformer 18 for supplying power to the power supply circuit 15 and a main controller 17 for controlling the sub-controller 16. The transformer 18 comprises a primary coil 20 connected to the main controller 17 and a secondary coil 21 as the power supply circuit 15. When the discharge electrode plate 6 of any unit is subjected to high voltage breakdown due to insulation reduction, the circuit of the unit enters the dielectric barrier discharge working mode for cleaning. After cleaning, it returns to the DC high voltage discharge mode to maintain the continuous operation of the system. For the entire system, it is impossible for all discharge electrode plates 6 to be subjected to high voltage breakdown due to insulation reduction. When all discharge electrode plates 6 are in the DC high voltage discharge mode, the system can be maintained in the normal working mode. The discharge electrode plate 6 in the cleaning mode can also quickly return to the normal working mode.

[0037] Further, the main controller 17 of the present application can control part of the working units 19 to clean themselves at any time and quickly return to the normal working mode. This ensures that there are always normal working units 19 to meet the operation requirements of the entire system, realizing long-term, safe, continuous and stable operation of the entire system without the need for shutdown for maintenance and replacement of parts.

[0038] The present application can realize multi-functional integration and centralized treatment of various pollution emissions at one time. Of course, the technical architecture of the present application can also integrate other treatment functions to realize higher treatment capacity, such as the integration of catalytic function.

Claims

1. A high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector, comprising a cyclone dust collector section and a high-voltage electrostatic dust collector section, wherein the cyclone dust collector section comprises a cylindrical body (1) with an inlet pipe (2) and an outlet pipe (3) on its surface, and the bottom of the cylindrical body (1) is connected to an inverted cone (4) with an ash outlet (5), characterized in that, The high-voltage electrostatic precipitator includes a discharge management system located outside the cylinder (1), and the discharge management system is connected to at least one working unit (19). The working unit (19) includes a switching circuit that is connected to the discharge electrode plate (6) attached to the side wall (9) of the air outlet pipe (3) and the cylinder (1) via insulated wires. When the discharge electrode plate (6) and the cylinder (1) are in an insulating state, the working unit (19) discharges into the space inside the cylinder (1) through the discharge electrode plate (6) to achieve high-voltage electrostatic adsorption function; when the conductive components accumulated on the surface of the discharge electrode plate (6) increase during the electrostatic adsorption process, causing the insulating state to be destroyed, the working unit (19) switches to dielectric barrier discharge mode to oxidize and decompose the conductive components. The discharge plate (6) includes an insulating ceramic plate (10) fixedly connected from the inside to the outside, a discharge plate (11) covered with an insulating layer (14) and a discharge metal mesh (12). The discharge plate (11) has a terminal post (7) on its inner side and a terminal post (13) on one side of the discharge metal mesh (12). The side wall (9) of the air outlet pipe (3) has a wall opening (8), and the terminal block (7) passes inward through the insulating ceramic plate (10) and is located in the center of the wall opening (8). The working unit (19) includes a sub-controller (16), a current frequency sensor (S1), and a power supply circuit that can switch between unidirectional rectified voltage and AC voltage. When the current frequency sensor (S1) detects and determines that the system is operating normally, the power supply circuit maintains the provision of unidirectional rectified voltage and the working unit (19) is in high-voltage electrostatic adsorption mode. When the current frequency sensor (S1) detects a signal of instantaneous current increase, the power supply circuit is switched to provide AC high voltage and the working unit (19) is switched to dielectric barrier discharge mode.

2. The high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the power supply circuit is connected to the terminal 1 (7), the terminal 3 (22) of the cylinder (1) is connected to the positive terminal of the high voltage diode 2 (D2), the negative terminal of the high voltage diode 2 (D2) is connected to the other end of the power supply circuit, and the current frequency sensor (S1) is provided between the high voltage diode 2 (D2) and the power supply circuit; the terminal 3 (22) of the cylinder (1) is connected in sequence to the switch 2 (K2), the high voltage diode 1 (D1), the switch 1 (K1) and the terminal 2 (13); the positive terminal of the high voltage diode 1 (D1) is connected to the negative terminal of the high voltage diode 2 (D2); the switch 1 (K1), the switch 2 (K2) and the current frequency sensor (S1) are connected to the sub-controller (16).

3. The high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewall (9) surface of the air outlet pipe (3) is evenly distributed with four sets of discharge electrode plates (6). The discharge management system also includes a transformer (18) for supplying power to the power supply circuit and a main controller (17) for controlling the sub-controller (16).

4. A high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating layer (14) is made of enamel material.

5. A high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder (1) is grounded.

6. A high-voltage electrostatic cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet pipe (2) is tangent to the inner wall (9) of the cylinder (1).

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