Additive manufacturing of metals based on self-supporting constraining of the ribbon and microzone solidification behavior regulation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on strip self-supporting constraint and microzone fusion behavior regulation and control metal additive manufacturing method, belong to metal material processing preparation technical field.Preparation, first to target component carries out geometric modeling, slicing, inverse deformation compensation design, path planning;Second, the metal strip is sent into laser heat source by strip feeding system, laser and strip feeding system synchronous movement are moved, and the flow behavior and topography of molten pool formed by penetrating metal are controlled using multi-mode spot form and oscillating laser, the accurate regulation and control of macrostructure, microstructure, crystal orientation and stress distribution characteristics of additive component in wall thickness direction is realized by regulating and controlling the solidification behavior and microzone remelting amount of molten pool, and the structure and function integrated additive preparation technology of metal material is developed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal material processing and preparation technology, specifically relating to an additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control. Background Technology

[0002] The section on vigorously promoting breakthroughs in key areas mentions that the new materials field focuses on special metal functional materials, high-performance structural materials, and advanced composite materials, accelerating the research and development of key technologies and equipment for new material preparation, strengthening basic research and system construction, and breaking through bottlenecks in industrialization. Laser 3D printing technology is a key technology for new material preparation that uses laser heating to melt a substrate, achieving the forming of high-performance, complex structural metal components through a "layer-by-layer manufacturing, stacking" method. However, conventional laser additive manufacturing involves a rapid heating and cooling process. Uneven laser absorption on the keyhole wall that does not penetrate leads to an imbalance between recoil pressure, vapor dynamic pressure, capillary force, and Marangoni force, causing unstable disturbances and oscillations in the molten pool and keyhole, easily leading to porosity. From the perspective of forming efficiency, the width of the molten pool in a conventional single-pass laser cladding determines the minimum wall thickness limit of the part. To overcome the wall thickness limit and improve forming accuracy, using a lower power, smaller spot size, and less cladding volume laser heat source inevitably reduces forming efficiency. This contradictory situation of "one wins, one loses" greatly limits the practical application of additive manufacturing in metal materials. In addition, during the additive manufacturing process of thin-walled metal structures, the laser beam of conventional laser additive manufacturing acts on the wall thickness surface. Due to the small heat dissipation area, significant temperature changes, and poor structural rigidity of thin-walled parts, they are more susceptible to the influence of temperature field changes, and the forming process is more prone to excessive flow and collapse of the molten pool, thermal buckling and warping of the forming surface. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an additive manufacturing method for metal based on strip self-support constraint and molten pool behavior control, so as to solve the technical problems of low preparation efficiency, easy porosity, low forming accuracy and stability of existing conventional laser 3D printing technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention discloses an additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: First, construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the target metal part. Then, slice and plan the path of the three-dimensional geometric model to generate printing data. Based on the printing data, select the metal strip and use forward additive manufacturing simulation to obtain the forming accuracy and deformation results and obtain the three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated metal part.

[0007] S2: Compare the three-dimensional geometric model of the target finished part with the three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated metal part to obtain the 3D deviation analysis results;

[0008] S3: Based on the 3D deviation analysis results, the anti-deformation compensation function of the additive manufacturing software is used for correction and anti-deformation compensation to obtain the compensated geometric model data; the compensated geometric model data is subjected to forward simulation and experiment, and the compensation design is optimized to obtain the optimal compensation design and path planning scheme of the geometric model.

[0009] S4: Based on the optimal compensation design and path planning scheme of the obtained geometric model, reverse additive manufacturing simulation is performed, and the metal part with the target geometric features is manufactured through a laser additive manufacturing system. During the manufacturing process using the laser additive manufacturing system, the metal strip is fed into the laser heat source in the 3D printing equipment through a multi-degree-of-freedom constrained strip feeding system. At the same time, the laser beam at the laser heat source moves and penetrates the metal strip. The laser heat source parameters are optimized according to the service requirements of the finished part to control the dynamic flow behavior of the molten pool, the three-dimensional morphology, and the micro-area remelting amount in the multi-pass printing process.

[0010] Furthermore, the raw material of the metal strip is steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy or nickel-based alloy; the metal strip is a square strip; in S1, S3 and S4, when performing forward additive manufacturing simulation, correction and anti-deformation compensation and manufacturing through the laser additive system, the feeding speed of the metal strip is the same as the moving speed of the laser beam, which is 10 to 2000 cm / min.

[0011] Furthermore, when performing forward additive manufacturing simulation, correction and anti-deformation compensation, and manufacturing via a laser additive manufacturing system, the laser beam direction has an angle of 25° to 90° with the wall thickness direction of the metal strip.

[0012] Furthermore, during the forward additive manufacturing simulation, correction and anti-deformation compensation, and manufacturing via the laser additive system, the laser beam penetrates the metal strip, and the metal strip is subject to multi-degree-of-freedom constraints during feeding.

[0013] Furthermore, when performing forward additive manufacturing simulation, correction and anti-deformation compensation, and manufacturing via a laser additive system, argon gas is used for double-sided protection, with a protective gas flow rate of 8–45 L / min.

[0014] Furthermore, when performing forward additive manufacturing simulation, correction and anti-deformation compensation, and manufacturing via a laser additive manufacturing system, the laser beam spot size is 0.01–10 mm, the laser beam energy is 90 W–100,000 W, the laser beam defocusing amount is -2–5 mm, the laser beam vibration frequency is 0–30 Hz, and the amplitude is 0–20 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, in S2, the method for obtaining the 3D deviation analysis results is as follows: the three-dimensional geometric model of the target finished part and the three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated finished part are subjected to 3D deviation analysis using the best fitting algorithm.

[0016] Furthermore, in S3, the additive manufacturing software is Simufact Welding or Additive Manufacturing.

[0017] Furthermore, in S4, the laser heat source parameters include the laser heat source mode and process parameters; the process parameters include the laser beam energy, the laser beam defocusing amount, the protective gas flow rate, and the angle between the laser beam direction and the wall thickness direction of the metal strip.

[0018] Furthermore, the laser heat source mode includes multi-mode spot shape, vibration frequency, and amplitude; the multi-mode spot shape includes circular, semi-circular, elliptical, triangular, rectangular, figure-eight, and rectangular shapes.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention discloses an additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control. Employing a transverse laser penetration heating strategy, it solves the problem of porosity formation caused by unstable disturbances and oscillations in the molten pool and keyhole in conventional laser additive manufacturing. Simultaneously, it overcomes the trade-off between wall thickness limits and laser heat source power. Furthermore, the anti-deformation compensation design based on the self-support constraint of the metal strip significantly improves the additive manufacturing progress between metals. Moreover, by controlling the molten pool solidification behavior and micro-area remelting amount, precise control over the macrostructure, microstructure, crystal orientation, and stress distribution characteristics of the additive component in the wall thickness direction is achieved. This method pioneers the integrated fabrication of structural and functional metallic materials, possessing comprehensive performance superior to traditional methods, high forming stability and efficiency, and has broad application prospects.

[0021] The metal prepared by the above method has a micron-scale layered structure, without thermal buckling, warping, or porosity at the forming surface, and exhibits excellent overall performance. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of additive manufacturing of 304L stainless steel based on strip self-support constraint and molten pool behavior control in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stress-strain curve of 304L stainless steel obtained in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram comparing the tensile strength of 304L stainless steel obtained in Example 1 and 304L stainless steel prepared by electron beam fused wire additive manufacturing technology. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to understand the features and effects of the present invention, the terms and expressions used in the specification and claims are explained and defined in general below. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art regarding the present invention, and in case of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.

[0026] The theories or mechanisms described and disclosed herein, whether right or wrong, should not in any way limit the scope of the invention, that is, the contents of the invention can be implemented without being limited by any particular theory or mechanism.

[0027] In this document, all features defined by numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as numerical values, quantities, contents, and concentrations, are for the sake of brevity and convenience only. Accordingly, descriptions of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered as covering and specifically disclosing all possible sub-ranges and individual numerical values ​​(including integers and fractions) within those ranges.

[0028] In this article, unless otherwise specified, “contains,” “includes,” “containing,” “has,” or similar terms cover the meanings of “composed of” and “mainly composed of,” for example, “A contains a” covers the meanings of “A contains a and others” and “A contains only a.”

[0029] For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in each implementation scheme or embodiment are described herein. Therefore, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, the technical features in each implementation scheme or embodiment can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible combinations should be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0030] This invention provides an additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraints and molten pool behavior control, belonging to the field of metal material processing and preparation technology. During preparation, the target component is first geometrically modeled, sliced, and subjected to anti-deformation compensation design and path planning. Secondly, laser-guided penetration of the metal's dual-vortex molten pool is used to precisely control the microstructure, orientation, and stress distribution characteristics. A strip feeding system delivers the metal strip to the laser heat source, with the laser and the strip feeding system moving synchronously, achieving integrated additive manufacturing of the metal material's structure and function. The main steps include:

[0031] S1: First, construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the target metal part. Then, slice and plan the path of the three-dimensional geometric model to generate printing data. Based on the printing data, select the metal strip and use forward additive manufacturing simulation to obtain the forming accuracy and deformation results and obtain the three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated metal part.

[0032] During the simulation, the metal strip is fed into the laser heat source of the 3D printing equipment through a multi-degree-of-freedom constrained strip feeding system according to the printing data. At the same time, the laser beam at the laser heat source moves according to the printing data. The direction of the laser beam is at an angle of 25° to 90° with the wall thickness direction of the metal strip, and the laser beam needs to penetrate the metal strip. The selected metal strip is a square strip, and the material is steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy or nickel-based alloy, such as 304L stainless steel, 316L stainless steel, Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy, Q235 steel, copper and its alloys.

[0033] S2: The 3D geometric model of the target finished part and the 3D geometric model of the simulated metal part are compared by the best fitting algorithm to obtain the 3D deviation analysis results;

[0034] S3: Based on the 3D deviation analysis results, the anti-deformation compensation function of the additive manufacturing software is used to make corrections from the geometric input end and the strip constraint end. The anti-deformation compensation method is used to compensate for possible deformations in reverse, and the compensated geometric model data is obtained. The compensated geometric model data is then subjected to forward simulation and experiment, and the compensation design is optimized to obtain the optimal compensation design and path planning scheme for the geometric model.

[0035] S4: Based on the optimal compensation design and path planning scheme of the obtained geometric model, reverse additive manufacturing simulation is performed, and the metal part with the target geometric features is obtained through manufacturing using a laser additive manufacturing system. When manufacturing through the laser additive manufacturing system, the laser beam penetrates the metal strip and forms a molten pool in the thickness direction of the metal strip. The laser heat source parameters are optimized according to the service requirements of the finished part, and the dynamic flow behavior, three-dimensional morphology, and micro-area remelting amount of the molten pool are controlled. A fiber laser additive manufacturing system and a square strip multi-degree-of-freedom constraint system are used for additive manufacturing.

[0036] During the forward additive manufacturing simulation, correction and anti-deformation compensation, and manufacturing via a laser additive manufacturing system, the metal strip is fed into the laser heat source of the 3D printing equipment according to the printing data via a multi-degree-of-freedom constrained strip feeding system. Simultaneously, the laser beam at the heat source moves according to the printing data. The feeding speed of the metal strip is the same as the moving speed of the laser beam, both ranging from 10 to 2000 cm / min. The laser beam direction has an angle of 25° to 90° with the wall thickness direction of the metal strip. Argon gas is used for double-sided protection, with a protective gas flow rate of 8 to 5 L / min. The laser beam spot size is 0.01 to 10 mm, the laser beam energy is 90 W to 100,000 W, and the laser beam defocusing amount is -2 to 5 mm. Oscillating lasers combined with tilt angles are used to control the flow behavior and morphology of the molten pool formed by penetrating the metal. Multi-mode laser spot shapes, including circular, elliptical, and rectangular, are employed.

[0037] The method is simple and the design and printing operation are convenient. By controlling the anti-deformation compensation design, path planning and melt pool flow behavior based on metal strip, it can achieve precise control of shape, microstructure and properties, and can effectively reduce defects such as porosity and cracks in additive metals, significantly improving forming efficiency and stability.

[0038] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0039] This invention discloses an additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control, specifically including the following steps:

[0040] 1) First, use SolidWorks software to build a 3D geometric CAD model of the thin-walled part (target metal part) and save it to STL format. Use Ultimaker Cura software to perform slicing and path planning design and generate G-Code file to obtain printing data.

[0041] 2) Based on the obtained printing data, a square strip made of one of the following materials—steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or nickel-based alloy—is used as the raw material. The size can be adjusted according to the wall thickness of the component. Using the efficient functions of Simufact Welding software, such as defining unit sets, importing G-Code, and automatically allocating unit sets according to heat sources and paths, forward additive manufacturing simulation is performed using software such as Simufact Welding and Additive Manufacturing. During the simulation, the square strip is subject to multi-degree-of-freedom constraints. The laser beam direction has an angle of 25° to 90° with the wall thickness direction of the metal square strip. The laser beam needs to penetrate the metal square strip to obtain the forming accuracy and deformation results and to obtain the three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated metal part.

[0042] 3) Based on the three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated metal part obtained in 2), the STL format scan file and the corresponding CAD file are imported into Geomagic Qualify software respectively. The scan file is set as the test part and the CAD file is set as the reference part. The two files are aligned by the best fitting algorithm, and 3D deviation analysis is performed to obtain the 3D deviation analysis results.

[0043] 4) Based on the comparison between the deformation results obtained from the simulation and the original geometric model, the difference is then applied in reverse to the original SolidWorks geometric model. The inverse deformation compensation function of Simufact Welding is used to correct the geometric input end and the strip constraint end. The possible deformation is compensated in reverse using the inverse deformation compensation method. The mesh is created and the path is fine-tuned based on the compensated model to obtain the compensated geometric model data. The compensated geometric model data is then used for forward simulation and experimentation. During additive manufacturing, a fiber laser additive manufacturing system and a square strip multi-degree-of-freedom constraint system are used to finally obtain the optimal compensation design scheme for the geometric features.

[0044] 5) Based on the above forming control, by setting the laser heat source process parameters (power, defocusing amount, additive speed, gas flow rate, laser tilt angle) and laser heat source mode (spot shape, vibration frequency and amplitude), the morphology of the molten pool formed by the laser penetrating the strip and the dynamic flow characteristics of the molten pool can be controlled, thereby achieving precise control of the microstructure and properties. The laser heat source process parameter selection window is determined according to the service requirements of the target metal part. The laser beam spot shape can be circular, semi-circular, elliptical, triangular, rectangular, square, figure-eight, etc.

[0045] Based on the anti-deformation compensation design scheme and the melt pool control design, the above method conducts additive manufacturing experiments within the process window obtained by the above simulation, and obtains components with excellent forming accuracy and performance.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A method for additive manufacturing of 304L stainless steel based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control includes the following steps:

[0048] 1) First, use SolidWorks software to build a 3D geometric CAD model of the thin-walled part (target metal part) and save it to STL format. Use Ultimaker Cura software to perform slicing and path planning design and generate G-Code file to obtain printing data.

[0049] 2) Based on the obtained printing data, using 304L stainless steel square strip as raw material, SimufactWelding software is used to perform forward additive manufacturing simulation. The software features efficient functions such as defining unit sets, importing G-Code, and automatically allocating unit sets according to heat source and path. During the simulation, the square strip is subject to multi-degree-of-freedom constraints. The laser beam direction has a 55° angle with the wall thickness direction of the metal square strip. The laser beam needs to penetrate the 304L stainless steel square strip to obtain the forming accuracy and deformation results and obtain the three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated metal part.

[0050] 3) Based on the three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated metal part obtained in 2), the STL format scan file and the corresponding CAD file are imported into Geomagic Qualify software respectively. The scan file is set as the test part and the CAD file is set as the reference part. The two files are aligned by the best fitting algorithm, and 3D deviation analysis is performed to obtain the 3D deviation analysis results.

[0051] 4) Based on the comparison between the deformation results obtained from the simulation and the original geometric model, the differences are then applied inversely to the original SolidWorks geometric model. Using the inverse deformation compensation function of Simufact Welding, corrections are made from both the geometric input end and the strip constraint end. Inverse deformation compensation is used to compensate for any possible deformations. Based on the compensated model, mesh creation and path fine-tuning are performed to obtain the compensated geometric model data. This compensated geometric model data is then used for forward simulation and experiments. Figure 1 As shown, during additive manufacturing, a fiber laser additive manufacturing system and a multi-degree-of-freedom constraint system for square strips are used. The laser beam penetrates the final square strip to obtain the optimal compensation design scheme for geometric features.

[0052] 5) Based on the above forming control, by adjusting the laser heat source mode and process parameters, the morphology of the molten pool formed by the laser penetrating the strip and the dynamic flow characteristics of the molten pool are controlled, so as to achieve precise control of microstructure and properties. The laser heat source process parameter selection window is determined according to the service requirements of the target metal part, and finally 304L stainless steel finished parts are obtained.

[0053] In the process of forward additive manufacturing simulation, correction and anti-deformation compensation, and manufacturing via a laser additive manufacturing system, the metal strip is fed into the laser heat source of the 3D printing equipment according to the printing data through a multi-degree-of-freedom constrained strip feeding system. Simultaneously, the laser beam at the laser heat source moves according to the printing data. The feeding speed of the metal strip and the moving speed of the laser beam are the same, both being 1000 cm / min. Argon gas is used for double-sided protection, with a protective gas flow rate of 10 L / min. The laser beam spot size is 0.03 mm, the laser beam energy is 3000 W, the laser beam defocusing amount is 0 mm, the laser beam vibration frequency is 0-30 Hz, and the amplitude is 0-20 mm.

[0054] Figure 2 and Figure 3The figures shown are tensile and plasticity test diagrams of the 304L stainless steel finished product prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. The experimental data show that the preparation method of the present invention has achieved excellent forming performance with both high density and low surface roughness. In terms of mechanical properties, it has broken through the combination of strength and plasticity of existing additive manufacturing. Compared with literature and literature reports Surface and Coatings Technology, 2016, 296: 136-148; Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2021, 15: 582-594; Metals, 2021, 11 (8): 1305; Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2019,803:364-370;Materials,2021,14(12):3344;Journal ofMaterials Research and Technology,2021,11:170-179;Materials&Design,2021,198:109325;The International Journal ofAdvanced ManufacturingTechnology,2022:1-14;The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2022:1-14; Brigham Young University,2017.Letters on Materials, 2019, 9(4): 460-464; Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2021, 820: 141519; Nanoscience and Technology: An International Journal, 2020, 11(2); The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2018, 99: 2353-2363; Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2020, 796: 140006.) The tensile strength and plasticity are increased by 32% to 120% and 23% to 260% respectively, which shows that laser-penetrating strip additive manufacturing technology has unique advantages that conventional additive manufacturing technology cannot match.

[0055] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. An additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: First, construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the target metal part, then slice and plan the path of the three-dimensional geometric model to generate printing data; Based on the printing data, after selecting the metal strip, forward additive manufacturing simulation is used to obtain the forming accuracy and deformation results, and a three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated metal part is obtained. S2: Compare the three-dimensional geometric model of the target finished part with the three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated metal part to obtain the 3D deviation analysis results; S3: Based on the 3D deviation analysis results, the anti-deformation compensation function of the additive manufacturing software is used for correction and anti-deformation compensation to obtain the compensated geometric model data; The compensated geometric model data is subjected to forward simulation and experimentation, and the compensation design is optimized to obtain the optimal compensation design and path planning scheme for the geometric model. S4: Based on the optimal compensation design and path planning scheme of the obtained geometric model, reverse additive manufacturing simulation is performed, and the metal part with the target geometric features is manufactured through a laser additive manufacturing system. During the manufacturing process using the laser additive manufacturing system, the metal strip is fed into the laser heat source in the 3D printing equipment through a multi-degree-of-freedom constrained strip feeding system. At the same time, the laser beam at the laser heat source moves and penetrates the metal strip. The laser heat source parameters are optimized according to the service requirements of the finished part to control the dynamic flow behavior of the molten pool, the three-dimensional morphology, and the micro-area remelting amount in the multi-pass printing process. The raw materials for the metal strip are steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy or nickel-based alloy; the metal strip is a square strip; in S1, S3 and S4, when performing the forward additive manufacturing simulation, making corrections and anti-deformation compensation and manufacturing through the laser additive manufacturing system, the feeding speed of the metal strip is the same as the moving speed of the laser beam, which is 10~2000cm / min. When performing the forward additive manufacturing simulation, correction and reverse deformation compensation, and manufacturing via a laser additive manufacturing system, the laser beam direction has an angle of 25° to 90° with the wall thickness direction of the metal strip; When performing the forward additive simulation, correction and anti-deformation compensation, and manufacturing via the laser additive system, the laser beam penetrates the metal strip, and the metal strip is constrained by multiple degrees of freedom during feeding.

2. The additive manufacturing metal method based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control according to claim 1, characterized in that, When performing forward additive manufacturing simulation, correction and anti-deformation compensation, and manufacturing through a laser additive system, argon gas is used for double-sided protection, with a protective gas flow rate of 8~45L / min.

3. The additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control according to claim 1, characterized in that, When performing forward additive manufacturing simulation, correction and anti-deformation compensation, and manufacturing via a laser additive manufacturing system, the laser beam spot size is 0.01~10mm, the laser beam energy is 90W~100000W, the laser beam defocusing amount is -2~5mm, the laser beam vibration frequency is 0-30HZ, and the amplitude is 0-20mm.

4. The additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the method for obtaining the 3D deviation analysis results is as follows: the three-dimensional geometric model of the target finished part and the three-dimensional geometric model of the simulated finished part are subjected to 3D deviation analysis using the best fitting algorithm.

5. The additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the additive manufacturing software is Simufact Welding or AdditiveManufacturing.

6. The additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, the laser heat source parameters include the laser heat source mode and process parameters; the process parameters include the laser beam energy, the laser beam defocusing amount, the protective gas flow rate, and the angle between the laser beam direction and the wall thickness direction of the metal strip.

7. The additive manufacturing method for metals based on strip self-support constraint and micro-area melting behavior control according to claim 6, characterized in that, The laser heat source mode includes multiple modes of spot shape, vibration frequency and amplitude; the multiple modes of spot shape include circular, semi-circular, elliptical, triangular, rectangular, figure-eight and rectangular.

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