Load movement support shielding device, method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a load moving support shelter device, a shelter method and system, and the load moving support shelter device comprises an upper roller, a front lower roller and a rear lower roller, the upper roller is located above the front lower roller and the rear lower roller and is in rolling contact with each of the front lower roller and the rear lower roller, the top of the upper roller is in abutment with a top plate, the bottom of the front lower roller and the bottom of the rear lower roller are in abutment with a bottom plate, and the front lower roller and the rear lower roller are alternately rolled forward along a forward direction to realize stepping. The load moving support shelter device provided by the application can realize load moving in a mine collapse area through cooperation of the upper roller, the front lower roller and the rear lower roller, and a continuous support effect on the top of the mine is generated through rolling of the upper roller, so that the process and method for realizing load-free forward movement of the shelter device through various alternative shelters in the prior art are avoided, the safety and efficiency of hydraulic support withdrawal work are greatly improved, the load moving support shelter device has certain pressure relief function, and the load moving support shelter device can avoid being stuck during load moving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine fully mechanized mining retreat protection technology, and in particular to a load-moving support protection device, protection method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the removal of hydraulic supports in fully mechanized coal mining, methods such as using wooden stacks or supporting logs are generally employed for protection. These methods are used to replace hydraulic supports and transport them out of the working face. This process consumes a large amount of timber, is very costly, labor-intensive, and wastes a great deal of resources and the environment. Furthermore, the use of wooden stacks requires workers to operate in extremely dangerous environments, leading to frequent accidents. The support effect is also poor, with problems such as hydraulic supports being buried by roof collapses often occurring. As a result, the removal of hydraulic supports is inefficient and fraught with danger and uncertainty.

[0003] Related technologies have also attempted to use shield supports similar to ordinary hydraulic supports, or to use single hydraulic support columns in conjunction with crossbeams for support and shielding. However, these methods generally suffer from poor support and shielding effects, dangerous operation, time and labor costs, and the support equipment is easily buried by roof collapses, resulting in low efficiency of the withdrawal work and high risk and uncertainty. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide a load-moving support shielding device.

[0005] This invention also proposes a load-moving support cover method and a load-moving support cover system.

[0006] The load-moving support shield device provided in this embodiment of the invention is used for support between the roof and floor of a mine roadway. It includes an upper roller, a front lower roller, and a rear lower roller. The axes of the upper roller, the front lower roller, and the rear lower roller are all horizontally arranged and parallel to each other. The upper roller is located above the front lower roller and the rear lower roller and rolls in contact with each of them. The front lower roller and the rear lower roller are spaced apart in a forward direction orthogonal to the axis of the upper roller. The top of the upper roller abuts against the roof, and the bottom of the front lower roller and the bottom of the rear lower roller abut against the floor. The front lower roller and the rear lower roller roll forward alternately along the forward direction to achieve stepping, while simultaneously switching the load-moving support shield device between a high support state and a low support state.

[0007] The load-moving support and shield device provided in this invention, through the cooperation of upper rollers, front lower rollers, and rear lower rollers, can achieve load movement in mine collapse areas, especially suitable for moving loads from collapse areas to non-collapse areas, and can bear top pressure loads on the order of 1000 tons. The rolling of the upper rollers provides continuous support to the mine roof and isolates the collapse area from the non-collapse area, eliminating the need for previous processes and methods that relied on alternating shielding to achieve unloaded forward movement of the shield device. It also completely abandons the outdated process of using timber stacks and logs as alternating shielding methods to replace the withdrawal of hydraulic supports, saving significant manpower, resources, and working time, and greatly improving the safety and efficiency of hydraulic support withdrawal operations. Simultaneously, the load-moving support and shield device has a certain pressure-yielding function, preventing jamming during load movement.

[0008] In some embodiments, the load-moving support shielding device further includes: a creeping and traction arm, a push-pull hydraulic cylinder, and a creeping hydraulic cylinder. The support ends of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder and the creeping hydraulic cylinder are both supported on the creeping and traction arm. The telescopic end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the roller shaft of the front lower roller to push or pull the front lower roller to roll forward along the forward direction. The telescopic end of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the roller shaft of the rear lower roller to push or pull the rear lower roller to roll forward along the forward direction. The push-pull hydraulic cylinder and the creeping hydraulic cylinder operate alternately. The creeping and traction arm is provided with a brake, which is used to prevent the creeping and traction arm from moving backward.

[0009] In some embodiments, the creeping and traction arm are separate structures, including a lower slide plate and a hydraulic cylinder protective cover. The rear end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder is supported on the upper surface of the lower slide plate, and the front end is hinged to the roller of the front lower roller. The rear end of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder is supported on the upper surface of the lower slide plate, and the front end is hinged to the roller of the rear lower roller. The hydraulic cylinder protective cover is fastened above the push-pull hydraulic cylinder and the creeping hydraulic cylinder and is hinged to the roller of the rear lower roller.

[0010] The braking component is a tail anchor, which is hinged to the tail of the hydraulic cylinder protective cover and can rotate relative to it within a certain angle range. The tail anchor tilts backward and downward from the connection point with the hydraulic cylinder protective cover, and the bottom end of the tail anchor contacts the base plate to press the base plate to brake it when the hydraulic cylinder protective cover tends to move backward, and disengages from the base plate when the hydraulic cylinder protective cover moves forward.

[0011] In some embodiments, the push-pull hydraulic cylinder is located above the creeping hydraulic cylinder, the creeping and traction arm includes a sliding hinge lug, the creeping hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the roller of the front lower roller through the sliding hinge lug, and the sliding hinge lug is located above the lower slide plate and can slide relative to the lower slide plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the creeping and traction arm is an integral structure, and the braking element is a tail anchor. The tail anchor is hinged to the tail of the creeping and traction arm and can rotate relative to it within a certain angle range. The tail anchor tilts backward and downward from the connection point with the creeping and traction arm and contacts the base plate to press the base plate to brake it when the creeping and traction arm tends to move backward, and disengages from the base plate when the creeping and traction arm moves forward.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the creeping and traction arm is located below the central axis of the front lower roller and the central axis of the rear lower roller and is spaced apart from the base plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the load-moving support shielding device further includes: a first roller connecting frame and a second roller connecting frame, wherein the first roller connecting frame is rotatably connected to each of the upper roller and the front lower roller, and the second roller connecting frame is rotatably connected to each of the upper roller and the rear lower roller; and / or, the ratio of the radius of the upper roller to the radius of the front lower roller is 1:1-4:1; and / or, the ratio of the radius of the upper roller to the radius of the rear lower roller is 1:1-4:1.

[0015] In some embodiments, the front lower roller and the rear lower roller are each driven by a motor to roll forward, and the front lower roller and the rear lower roller are limited to rolling forward.

[0016] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a load movement support shielding method including:

[0017] The load-moving support shielding device is in a high-support state;

[0018] The lower front roller rolls forward, causing the upper roller to move forward and downward, thus lowering the support height of the load-moving support shield device and switching it to a low support state.

[0019] The lower rear roller rolls forward, causing the upper roller to move forward and upward. The support height of the load-moving support shield increases, switching to a high support state, and the load-moving support shield achieves overall forward movement.

[0020] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a load-moving support cover system, comprising: a load-moving support cover device according to any of the above embodiments; a plurality of cover supports, wherein the plurality of cover supports and the load-moving support cover device are arranged sequentially in a first horizontal direction, the first horizontal direction being orthogonal to the forward direction, the cover supports including a cover support frame and a push-pull device, the push-pull device being able to extend or retract relative to the cover support frame in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction; a powerful pushing beam and a relay support, wherein the powerful pushing beam and the relay support are hinged to the front end of each of the plurality of push-pull devices and the load-moving support cover device, the powerful pushing beam and the relay support stepping along the forward direction under the push of the plurality of push-pull devices, and both the cover supports and the powerful pushing beam and the relay support having a supported state supported on the top plate and a lowered state detached from the top plate. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the load-moving support and shield system provided in the embodiment of the present invention in a roadway.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composition and layout of the load-moving support and cover system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the load-moving support and shielding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the creeping function S1 process of the load moving support cover device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the load-moving support shielding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the load-moving support and shielding system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the S2 process of the load moving support cover system stepping forward function provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] Top plate 001, bottom plate 002,

[0030] The load-moving support and shield device 100 includes an upper roller 101, a front lower roller 102, a rear lower roller 103, a first roller connecting frame 1041, a second roller connecting frame 1042, a front lower roller shaft 105, a rear lower roller shaft 106, a creeping and traction arm 199, a lower sliding plate 107, a hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108, a tail anchor 109, a push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110, a sliding hinge ear plate 111, a creeping hydraulic cylinder 112, and a double hinge ear 113.

[0031] First protective support 200, second protective support 300, protective support frame 301, hydraulic support rod 3011, top protective beam 3012, push-pull device 302.

[0032] First traction protection bracket 400, second traction protection bracket 500

[0033] Hydraulic support row 600, hydraulic support to be withdrawn 601

[0034] 700: Powerful pushing crossbeam and relay bracket; 701: Temporary relay bracket; 702: Hydraulic telescopic rod; 703: Bottom support beam. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] The following is based on Figures 1-7 This invention describes a load-moving support and shield device 100 provided in an embodiment of the invention. The load-moving support and shield device 100 is used to support the roof 001 and floor 002 of a mine roadway, providing a supporting function. Figure 3 As shown, the load-moving support shield device 100 includes an upper roller 101, a front lower roller 102, and a rear lower roller 103.

[0037] The axes of the upper roller 101, the front lower roller 102, and the rear lower roller 103 are all horizontally arranged, and their axes are parallel to each other. The upper roller 101 is located above the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 and rolls in contact with each of the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103. Rolling contact means that when either the front lower roller 102 or the rear lower roller 103 rolls, the upper roller 101 rotates in the opposite direction. The front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 are spaced apart in a forward direction orthogonal to the axis of the upper roller 101 (i.e., the axis of the front lower roller 102 or the axis of the rear lower roller 103). Since the upper roller 101 is located above the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103, the top of the upper roller 101 abuts against the top plate 001, while the bottom of the front lower roller 102 and the bottom of the rear lower roller 103 abut against the bottom plate 002.

[0038] Thus, the upper roller 101, the front lower roller 102, and the rear lower roller 103 support the tunnel roof 001 and the floor 002. After the upper roller 101 contacts the mine roof 001 and is subjected to load, the load is directly transmitted to the mine floor 002 through the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103. This reduces the load on the bearings connecting the roller connecting frame to the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103, making the load-moving support shield device 100 capable of withstanding a support load on the order of 1,000 tons. Meanwhile, since the upper roller 101 rotates in the opposite direction to the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 when the load-moving support and shield device 100 moves forward under load, that is, when the front lower roller 102 or the rear lower roller 103 rolls forward relative to the bottom plate 002, the upper roller 101 also rolls forward relative to the top plate 001. This avoids friction between the upper roller 101 and the top plate 001, thereby greatly reducing the traction force required for the upper roller 101 to move forward. Furthermore, the upper roller 101 rolls forward relative to the mine top plate 001, which can minimize frictional damage to the top plate 001 when the load-moving support and shield device 100 moves.

[0039] The front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 alternately roll forward in the forward direction to achieve stepping, while simultaneously switching the load-moving support shield device 100 between a high-support state and a low-support state. Specifically, as the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 alternately roll forward, they move closer or further apart in the forward direction. Since the upper roller 101 is located above and in rolling contact with the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103, when the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 are relatively close, the upper roller 101 moves upward, increasing the overall height of the load-moving support shield device 100 until it reaches the high-support state. When the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 are relatively far apart, the upper roller 101 moves downward, decreasing the overall height of the load-moving support shield device 100 until it reaches the low-support state.

[0040] It is understandable that the overall height of the load-moving support shield 100 in the high-support state is higher than that in the low-support state. It is also understandable that the height of the load-moving support shield 100 is related to the distance between the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103. Therefore, during the alternating forward rolling of the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103, the height of the load-moving support shield 100 is appropriately adjusted (the transition between high-support and low-support states), preventing the load-moving support shield 100 from being jammed by the roof 001 or roadway undulations, and enabling the load-moving support shield 100 to have a certain pressure-relief function.

[0041] The load-moving support and shield device provided in this invention, through the cooperation of upper rollers, front lower rollers, and rear lower rollers, can achieve load movement in mine collapse areas, especially suitable for moving loads from collapse areas to non-collapse areas, and can bear top pressure loads on the order of 1000 tons. The rolling of the upper rollers provides continuous support to the mine roof and isolates the collapse area from the non-collapse area, eliminating the need for previous processes and methods that relied on alternating shielding to achieve unloaded forward movement of the shield device. It also completely abandons the outdated process of using timber stacks and logs as alternating shielding methods to replace the withdrawal of hydraulic supports, saving significant manpower, resources, and working time, and greatly improving the safety and efficiency of hydraulic support withdrawal operations. Simultaneously, the load-moving support and shield device has a certain pressure-yielding function, preventing jamming during load movement.

[0042] This invention also provides a protection method for a load-moving support cover device 100. The following describes the protection method of the load-moving support cover device 100 with the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 relatively close to each other as the initial state:

[0043] The front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 are relatively close to each other, and the load moving support shield device 100 is in a high support state;

[0044] The front lower roller 102 rolls forward a certain distance along the forward direction, and at the same time, the front lower roller 102 moves relatively away from the rear lower roller 103, and the distance between the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 increases, so that the upper roller 101 moves forward and downward, and the overall support height of the load moving support shield device 100 decreases, and it transitions from a high support state to a low support state.

[0045] The rear lower roller 103 rolls forward a certain distance along the forward direction, the distance between the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 decreases, the upper roller 101 moves forward and upward, the overall support height of the load moving support shield device 100 rises, and it changes from a low support state to a high support state, thereby enabling the load moving support shield device 100 to move forward as a whole.

[0046] In some embodiments, the front lower roller 102 includes a front lower roller shaft 105, and the rear lower roller 103 includes a rear lower roller shaft 106. The front lower roller 102 can be driven to roll by driving the front lower roller shaft 105, and the rear lower roller 103 can be driven to roll by driving the rear lower roller shaft 106.

[0047] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the load-moving support and shield device 100 also includes a creeping and traction arm 199, a push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110, and a creeping hydraulic cylinder 112. Both the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 and the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 have a supporting end and a telescopic end. The supporting ends of both the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 and the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 are supported on the creeping and traction arm 199. The telescopic end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is hinged to the roller (front lower roller shaft 105) of the front lower roller 102 to push or pull the front lower roller 102 forward in the forward direction. The telescopic end of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 is hinged to the roller (rear lower roller shaft 106) of the rear lower roller 103 to push or pull the rear lower roller 103 forward in the forward direction.

[0048] For example, the supporting end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is its rear end, and the telescopic end is its front end. The creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is located behind the front lower roller 102, and extends to push the front lower roller 102 forward in the forward direction. Alternatively, the supporting end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is its front end, and the telescopic end is its rear end. The creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is located in front of the front lower roller 102, and retracts to pull the front lower roller 102 forward in the forward direction. The push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 works similarly.

[0049] The use of push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 and creep hydraulic cylinder 112 to drive the front lower roller 102 and rear lower roller 103 to roll forward can provide greater thrust and avoid jamming.

[0050] To prevent the creeping and traction arm 199 from being pushed backward by the interaction force when the front lower roller 102 or the rear lower roller 103 rolls forward, in some preferred embodiments, a brake is provided on the creeping and traction arm 199 to prevent it from moving backward. For example, the brake can prevent the creeping and traction arm 199 from moving backward by gripping the ground. When the front lower roller 102 rolls forward under the action of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112, or when the rear lower roller 103 rolls forward under the action of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110, the creeping and traction arm 199 is supported by the brake to prevent backward movement, thus providing support to the support end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 or the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110.

[0051] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the creeping and traction arm 199 is a separate structure, including a lower slide plate 107 and a hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108. The rear end (support end) of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is supported on the upper surface of the lower slide plate 107, and the front end (telescopic end) is hinged to the roller of the front lower roller 102. The creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 extends to push the front lower roller 102 to roll forward. The rear end (support end) of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 is supported on the upper surface of the lower slide plate 107, and the front end (telescopic end) is hinged to the roller of the rear lower roller 103. The push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 extends to push the rear lower roller 103 to roll forward.

[0052] The hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 is fastened above the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 and the creep hydraulic cylinder 112 to protect them. The hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 is also hinged to the roller (rear lower roller shaft 106) of the rear lower roller 103 to move synchronously with the rear lower roller 103.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the braking component is a tail anchor 109. The tail anchor 109 is hinged to the tail of the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 and can rotate relative to it within a certain angle range. That is, the tail anchor 109 and the tail of the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 are connected in a limited rotational manner, and the rotation angle is limited. The tail anchor 109 tilts backward and downward from the connection point with the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108, and the bottom end of the tail anchor 109 contacts the base plate 002. When the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 tends to move backward, it presses against the base plate 002 to exert a braking effect, preventing the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 and the rear lower roller 103 from moving backward. The tail anchor 109 disengages from the base plate 002 when the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 moves forward. It can be understood that when the rear lower roller 103 rolls forward, it drives the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 to move forward, thereby driving the tail anchor 109 to move forward.

[0054] In some cases, the bottom end of the tail anchor 109 is driven into the base plate 002 by the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 to act as a brake, and disengages from the base plate 002 by rotation when the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 moves forward.

[0055] Preferred options Figure 3 As shown, the bottom end of the tail anchor 109 is spiked so that it can be inserted into the bottom plate 002.

[0056] by Figure 3 and Figure 4 For example, when the rear lower roller 103 tends to roll backward, it compresses the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 to move backward, and the bottom end of the tail anchor 109 abuts against the base plate 002 and is relatively fixed. The hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 moves slightly backward a short distance, and the tail anchor 109 rotates counterclockwise relative to the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 by a certain angle until the tail anchor 109 rotates to its limit position. The tail anchor 109 then stops rotating, and the positions of the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 and the rear lower roller 103 are fixed, thus achieving braking. Figure 4 As shown in S102, the side of the tail anchor 109 reaches its rotation limit position after contacting the tail of the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108. If the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 continues to move backward, the bottom end of the tail anchor 109 penetrates the base plate 002, achieving stronger braking and preventing the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 from moving backward. When the rear lower roller 103 moves forward, it drives the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 to move forward, and the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 drives the tail anchor 109 to move forward. The tail anchor 109 rotates clockwise relative to the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 and disengages from the base plate 002.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 is located above the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112. The creeping and traction arm 199 includes a sliding hinge ear plate 111. The creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is hinged to the roller of the front lower roller 102 via the sliding hinge ear plate 111. The sliding hinge ear plate 111 is located above the lower slide plate 107 and can slide relative to the lower slide plate 107. Specifically, as... Figure 3 As shown, the front end of the sliding hinge ear plate 111 is hinged to the roller of the front lower roller 102, and the rear end of the sliding hinge ear plate 111 is hinged to the front end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112. The extension of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 drives the front lower roller 102 to roll forward by pushing the sliding hinge ear plate 111.

[0058] In some embodiments, the front end of the sliding plate 107 is connected to a double hinge lug 113, which is used for hinged connection with other devices. For example, as Figure 6 As shown, the double hinge lug 113 at the front end of the sliding plate 107 is hinged to the powerful pushing beam and the relay bracket 700, which can play a traction role.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, under the braking action of the tail anchor 109, with the extension and retraction of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 and the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112, the front end of the lower slide plate 107 extends and retracts relative to the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108. The extension and retraction of the lower slide plate 107, in conjunction with the equipment hinged to it (such as the powerful pushing beam and the relay bracket 700), propels it forward. Figure 4 As shown in S101, both the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 and the creep hydraulic cylinder 112 are in a retracted state, and the front end of the lower slide plate 107 extends forward relative to the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108. This state is defined as the creeping and extension state of the traction arm 199. Figure 4 As shown in S103, both the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 and the creep hydraulic cylinder 112 are in the extended state, and the front end of the lower slide plate 107 is retracted relative to the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108. This state is defined as the retracted state of the creep and traction arm 199.

[0060] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the creeping and traction arm 199 is located below the central axis of the front lower roller 102 and the central axis of the rear lower roller 103 and is spaced apart from the bottom plate 002. After the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 crush the bottom plate 002, the bottom surface of the creeping and traction arm 199 directly contacts the tunnel floor 002, increasing the bottom contact area and preventing the entire device from sinking further.

[0061] As an example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the creeping and traction arm 199 includes a lower sliding plate 107 and a hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108. The bottom surface of the creeping and traction arm 199 is the bottom surface of the lower sliding plate 107, which is located below the central axis of the front lower roller 102 and the central axis of the rear lower roller 103 and has a gap between it and the bottom plate 002. After the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 crush the bottom plate 002, the lower sliding plate 107 presses down to directly contact the tunnel floor plate 002, increasing the bottom contact area and preventing the entire equipment from sinking further.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, the load-moving support shield device 100 further includes: a first roller connecting frame 1041 and a second roller connecting frame 1042. The first roller connecting frame 1041 is rotatably connected to each of the upper roller 101 and the front lower roller 102, and the second roller connecting frame 1042 is rotatably connected to each of the upper roller 101 and the rear lower roller 103. The first roller connecting frame 1041 is used to limit the relative position of the upper roller 101 and the front lower roller 102, and the second roller connecting frame 1042 is used to limit the relative position of the upper roller 101 and the rear lower roller 103. The "limited rotational connection" means that they can rotate relative to each other within a certain angle range, that is, the rotation angle is limited. The first roller connecting frame 1041 is rotatably connected to each of the upper roller 101 and the front lower roller 102 to prevent the front lower roller 102 from rolling forward too far, and the second roller connecting frame 1042 is rotatably connected to each of the upper roller 101 and the rear lower roller 103 to prevent the rear lower roller 103 from rolling forward too far. In summary, the first roller connecting frame 1041 and the second roller connecting frame 1042 are used to limit the relative position between the upper roller 101, the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103, and to limit the step distance of the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 moving forward.

[0063] Optionally, the first roller connecting frame 1041 and the second roller connecting frame 1042 achieve limited rotation between the rollers through a limiting structure.

[0064] Furthermore, to make the structure of the load-moving support shield device 100 more stable, there are two front lower rollers 102 and two rear lower rollers 103. The central axes of the two front lower rollers 102 are aligned and they roll synchronously, and the central axes of the two rear lower rollers 103 are aligned and they roll synchronously. As an example, in Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the two front lower rollers 102 share a front lower roller shaft 105 to achieve synchronous rolling, and the two rear lower rollers 103 share a rear lower roller shaft 106 to achieve synchronous rolling.

[0065] Optionally, the ratio of the radius of the upper roller 101 to the radius of the lower front roller 102 is 1:1 to 4:1.

[0066] Optionally, the ratio of the radius of the upper roller 101 to the radius of the lower rear roller 103 is 1:1 to 4:1.

[0067] The following is based on Figure 4 The illustrated embodiment provides a detailed description of the protection method of the load-moving support shield 100. The load-moving support shield 100 is placed between the roof and floor of a mine roadway. The implementation of the height adjustment, pressure relief, and creep function S1 of the load-moving support shield 100 includes, but is not limited to, the following preferred steps:

[0068] S101: As Figure 4 As shown in S101, the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 and the creep hydraulic cylinder 112 are both in the retracted state, the load moving support shield device 100 is in the high support state, and the creep and traction arm 199 is in the extended state. At this time, the state of the load moving support shield device 100 is defined as the initial state.

[0069] S102: As Figure 4 -S102 shows that the extended creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is supported by the lower slide plate 107 at its rear end. The lower slide plate 107 remains stationary under the interlocking braking action of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110, the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108, and the tail anchor 109. Therefore, the front end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 extends forward and pushes the front lower roller 102 forward through the sliding hinge ear plate 111, thereby causing the upper roller 101 to move forward and downward. The attitude of the load moving support shield device 100 is adjusted, and the support height decreases accordingly, changing from a high support state to a low support state.

[0070] S103: As Figure 4 As shown in S103, when the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 extends to a certain position and stops, the extension push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 is extended, and the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is in the extended state. The positions of the front lower roller 102 and the lower slide plate 107 remain unchanged. The rear end of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 is supported by the lower slide plate 107, and the front end extends forward to push the rear lower roller 103 to roll forward. At the same time, it drives the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 to move forward. At this time, the tail anchor 109 rotates clockwise under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108, and the tail spike slides out of the bottom plate 002 and slides forward together. During this process, the attitude of the load moving support cover device 100 is adjusted, and the support height will also rise accordingly, changing from a low support state to a high support state, and the whole device will produce a forward movement effect.

[0071] S104: As Figure 4 -S104 shows that the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is in a floating state, and the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 is controlled to retract, so that the lower slide plate 107 moves forward relative to the bottom plate 002. If the hydraulic cylinder protective cover 108 moves backward during the above process, the tail anchor 109 will pierce the bottom plate 002 to generate a braking effect. After the movement is completed, the creeping and traction arm 199 return to the initial state, and the entire load movement support and shield device 100 realizes forward stepping.

[0072] S105: Repeating the above steps can cause the load-moving support shield 100 to creep forward.

[0073] It should be noted that the change in the support height of the load-moving support shield 100 can also adapt to the change in the height of the roadway undulations and generate a certain pressure relief effect, which can prevent the load-moving support shield 100 from getting stuck in the mine roadway.

[0074] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the double hinge lugs 113 at the front end of the lower sliding plate 107 of the load-moving support shield device 100 are hinged to the powerful pushing beam and relay bracket 700. Specifically, the powerful pushing beam and relay bracket 700 has a supported state and a lowered state. In the supported state, the powerful pushing beam and relay bracket 700 is supported between the top plate 001 and the bottom plate 002. In the lowered state, the powerful pushing beam and relay bracket 700 disengages from the top plate 001 to move. The powerful pushing beam and relay bracket 700 in the supported state can play a traction role.

[0075] Specifically in S101 above, the front end of the creeping and traction arm 199 is hinged to the powerful pushing crossbeam and relay bracket 700, and the powerful pushing crossbeam and relay bracket 700 are supported and fixed.

[0076] In the above S104, after the temporary relay support in the powerful push beam and relay support 700 is lowered, the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 is controlled to retract, so that the lower slide plate 107 moves forward relative to the bottom plate 002. With the cooperation of the push-pull devices of other cover supports, the powerful push beam and relay support 700 move forward as a whole by a certain distance.

[0077] In some alternative embodiments, instead of the separate structure of the lower slide plate and the hydraulic cylinder protective cover, the creeping and traction arm 199 can be an integral structure, and the braking element is a tail anchor. The tail anchor is hinged to the tail of the creeping and traction arm 199 and can rotate relative to it within a certain angle range. The tail anchor tilts backward and downward from the connection point with the creeping and traction arm 199 and contacts the base plate 002 so as to press the base plate 002 to brake when the creeping and traction arm 199 tends to move backward, and disengages from the base plate 002 when the creeping and traction arm 199 moves forward.

[0078] As an example, specifically, the supporting end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is its rear end, and the supporting end of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 is its rear end. Both the supporting ends of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 and the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 are connected to the creeping and traction arm 199. The creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 extends to push the front lower roller 102, and the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 extends to push the rear lower roller 103.

[0079] The protection method of the load-moving support shielding device 100 in the above embodiments specifically includes:

[0080] The creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 and the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 are in the retracted state, the creeping and traction arm 199 is in the initial state, and the load moving support shield device 100 is in the high support state.

[0081] The creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 extends, and the rear end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is supported by the creeping and traction arm 199. The rear end of the creeping and traction arm 199 is supported by the tail anchor. The creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 pushes the front lower roller 102 to roll forward.

[0082] The push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 extends, and the rear end of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 is supported by the creeping and traction arm 199. The rear end of the creeping and traction arm 199 is supported by the tail anchor. The push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 pushes the lower roller 103 to roll forward.

[0083] After the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 move forward, the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 and the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 retract. Since the relative positions of the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 remain stationary due to the load, the creeping and traction arm 199 moves forward to pull the bottom end of the tail anchor out of the base plate 002, and the creeping and traction arm 199 returns to the initial position.

[0084] In some alternative embodiments, instead of the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 and the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110, the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 can be driven forward by a motor. To prevent the rear lower roller 103 from being pushed backward while the front lower roller 102 is rolling forward, and to prevent the rear lower roller 103 from causing the front lower roller 102 to roll backward while the rear lower roller 103 is rolling forward, preferably, the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 are limited to rolling forward; that is, the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 can only roll forward and not backward. When the front lower roller 102 rolls forward, the rear lower roller 103 uses the friction provided by the base plate 002 as a gripping force to prevent backward movement; when the rear lower roller 103 rolls forward, the front lower roller 102 uses the friction provided by the base plate 002 as a gripping force to prevent backward movement. The rolling direction of the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103 can be restricted by gears or a motor.

[0085] This invention also provides a load-moving support and cover system. The load-moving support and cover system includes a load-moving support and cover device 100, a plurality of cover supports, a powerful pushing crossbeam, and a relay support 700. The plurality of cover supports and the load-moving support and cover device 100 are arranged sequentially in a first horizontal direction, which is orthogonal to the forward direction of the load-moving support and cover device 100. Each cover support includes a cover support frame 301 and a push-pull device 302, which can extend or retract relative to the cover support frame 301 along a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction.

[0086] The powerful pushing beam and relay bracket 700 are hinged at the front end of each of the plurality of push-pull devices 302 and the load moving support shield device 100. The powerful pushing beam and relay bracket 700 moves forward along the forward direction under the push of the plurality of push-pull devices 302.

[0087] Specifically, the push-pull device 302 extends relative to the cover support frame 301, the front end of the push-pull device 302 moves forward in the forward direction and pushes the powerful push beam and the relay support 700 forward, the push-pull device 302 retracts relative to the cover support frame 301, and the rear end of the push-pull device 302 pulls the cover support frame 301 to step closer to the powerful push beam and the relay support 700.

[0088] The stepping method of the load-moving support and shield system provided in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: The powerful pushing beam and relay support 700 step forward a certain distance under the action of several shield supports. Under the traction of the powerful pushing beam and relay support 700, the load-moving support and shield device 100 and several shield supports step forward sequentially, realizing the overall stepping of the load-moving support and shield system. The powerful pushing beam and relay support 700 can play a traction role, enabling the load-moving support and shield device 100 to move stably along the forward direction within the mine collapse area.

[0089] The load-moving support and shield system provided in this invention cooperates with the load-moving support and shield device through shield supports, powerful pushing beams, and relay supports. This enables the load-moving support and shield device to move within the mine collapse area, providing continuous support to the mine roof and isolating the collapse area from the non-collapse area. This eliminates the need for previous processes and methods that relied on various alternating shielding methods to achieve unloaded forward movement of the shield device. It also completely abandons the outdated process of using alternating shielding methods such as stacking timber or supporting logs to replace the hydraulic support during withdrawal, saving a significant amount of manpower, resources, and working time. This greatly improves the safety and efficiency of hydraulic support withdrawal operations.

[0090] In some specific embodiments, the powerful pushing beam and relay support 700 switch between a supported state and a lowered state. In the supported state, the powerful pushing beam and relay support 700 are supported between the top plate 001 and the bottom plate 002. In the lowered state, the powerful pushing beam and relay support 700 are detached from the top plate 001.

[0091] As an example, such as Figure 6As shown, the powerful pushing beam and relay support 700 includes a temporary relay support 701, a hydraulic telescopic rod 702, and a bottom support beam 703. The bottom support beam 703 extends along the first horizontal direction and is used to hinge to the front end of the push-pull device 302 and the double hinge lugs 113 of the load-moving support shield device 100. The bottom of the hydraulic telescopic rod 702 is supported on the bottom support beam 703, and the top of the hydraulic telescopic rod 702 is supported on the bottom of the temporary relay support 701. The hydraulic telescopic rod 702 is telescopically configured to raise or lower the temporary relay support 701, thereby allowing the powerful pushing beam and relay support 700 to switch between a supported state and a lowered state. The extension of the hydraulic telescopic rod 702 raises the temporary relay support 701, and the retraction of the hydraulic telescopic rod 702 lowers the temporary relay support 701.

[0092] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, there are three hydraulic telescopic rods 702, which are spaced apart in the extension direction of the bottom support beam 703 to make the support force stronger.

[0093] In some specific embodiments, the shield support has a supported state supported on the top plate and a lowered state detached from the top plate. In the supported state, the shield support frame 301 is supported between the top plate 001 and the bottom plate 002 of the tunnel. In the lowered state, the shield support frame 301 retracts so that its top is detached from the top plate 001.

[0094] As an example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the protective support includes two supports. The hinge points of the two protective supports, the powerful pushing beam, and the relay support 700, and the load-moving support protective device 100, together with the hinge points of the powerful pushing beam and the relay support 700, form a triangular distribution, stabilizing the powerful pushing beam and the relay support 700 to the tunnel floor 002. In some alternative embodiments, the number of protective supports may be greater than two, depending on the type of retraction hydraulic support, all of which fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0095] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the cover support includes a first cover support 200 and a second cover support 300. The load-moving support cover device 100, the first cover support 200, and the second cover support 300 are arranged sequentially in the first horizontal direction. The powerful pushing beam and relay support 700 are provided with three hinge ears, which are respectively hinged to the double hinge ears 113 of the load-moving support cover device 100, the front end of the push-pull device 302 of the first cover support 200, and the front end of the push-pull device 302 of the second cover support 300, and the three hinge points form a triangular distribution.

[0096] like Figure 6As shown, taking the second cover support 300 as an example, the push-pull device 302 is located at the center of the bottom of the cover support frame 301 and is slidably set. One end of the built-in hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the push-pull device 302, and the other end is hinged to the cover support frame 301. The extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder realizes the push-pull action of the push-pull device 302.

[0097] like Figure 6 As shown, the second protective support 300 includes a protective support frame 301 comprising a hydraulic support rod 3011 and a top protective beam 3012. The hydraulic support rod 3011 is supported at the bottom of the top protective beam 3012. The hydraulic support rod 3011 is telescopically configured to raise or lower the top protective beam 3012, thereby allowing the second protective support 300 to switch between a supported state and a lowered state. In the supported state, the top protective beam 3012 is raised; in the lowered state, the top protective beam 3012 is lowered. The structure of the first protective support 200 is similar to that of the second protective support 300 and will not be described in detail here.

[0098] Before the protective supports advance, the hydraulic support rod 3011 retracts, causing the top protective beam 3012 to descend and be in a lowered state. After advancing, the hydraulic support rod 3011 extends, causing the top protective beam 3012 to rise and be in a raised state. The first protective support 200 and the second protective support 300 can move forward independently by lowering and retracting respectively. When they reach the appropriate position, they are raised and fixed. By rotating in sequence, all the protective supports can move forward, thus achieving a stable forward movement of the load-moving support protective system.

[0099] The following is based on Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment is used as an example to describe in detail the protection method of the load-moving support and protection system. The load-moving support and protection system is arranged between the top and bottom plates of the roadway and supported in the triangular area behind the hydraulic support array 600. It is used to protect the traction system when pulling the hydraulic support 601 to be withdrawn out of the hydraulic support array 600. The implementation of the support and protection of the load-moving support and protection system and its stepping forward movement function S2 includes, but is not limited to, the following preferred methods and steps:

[0100] S201: As Figure 7As shown in S200, the hinge joints at the front ends of the push-pull device 302 of the first cover support 200, the second cover support 300, and the creeping and traction arm 199 are respectively hinged to the powerful pushing beam and the relay support 700, so that the push-pull devices 302 of the first cover support 200 and the second cover support 300 are in the retracted state, and the cover support body 301 is in the supported cover state (i.e., In the supported state, the temporary relay support 701 in the powerful pushing beam and relay support 700 is in a fixed supported state (i.e., supported state), the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 and the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 are in an extended state, and the load moving support shield device 100 is in a high supported state. Then, the temporary relay support 701 in the powerful pushing beam and relay support 700 is lowered so that it is separated from the roadway roof 001, and then the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is in a floating state, such as... Figure 7 As shown in S201, while controlling the retraction of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110, multiple push-pull devices 302 are extended, causing the powerful push-moving crossbeam and relay bracket 700 to move forward a certain distance as a whole, and controlling the temporary relay bracket 701 to lift the support.

[0101] S202: As Figure 7 -S202 As shown, under the traction of the powerful pushing beam and the relay support 700, the creeping hydraulic cylinder 112 is controlled to be in a floating state, and the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110 is controlled to extend, so that the upper roller 101, the front lower roller 102, and the rear lower roller 103 of the load moving support and shield device 100 are pushed forward as a whole. At this time, if the traction force is insufficient or jamming occurs, the creeping function S1 of the load moving support and shield device 100 in the above embodiment can be used in combination to realize the load moving support and shield device 100 moving forward with load and keep the mine roof 001 in a supported state at all times.

[0102] S203: As Figure 7 -S203 shows that after the load moving support cover device 100 is pushed into place, the cover support is lowered and moved forward in sequence, and finally the load moving support cover system moves forward as a whole.

[0103] As an example, such as Figure 7 As shown in S203a, after lowering the first protective support 200, retracting its telescopic rod 302 allows it to move forward. Then, the support is raised and fixed in place. Figure 7 As shown in S203b, the second cover support 300 can be moved forward by lowering the cover support frame 301 and retracting its telescopic rod 302. Then the cover support frame 301 can be raised and fixed.

[0104] S204: Repeating steps S201-S203 above can enable the load-moving support cover system to continuously advance.

[0105] During the above operation, the alternating support of the powerful pushing beam and relay bracket 700 of the load-moving support protection system and several protective brackets, as well as the continuous support function of the load-moving support protection device 100, can provide good support protection, prevent the collapse of the top plate 001, and ensure the safety of the personnel and equipment under protection.

[0106] In S201, as the powerful pushing beam and relay bracket 700 drive the load moving support shield 100 to move forward as a whole, the upper roller 101, the front lower roller 102, and the rear lower roller 103 roll. The upper roller 101 rotates in the opposite direction to the front lower roller 102 and the rear lower roller 103, so that the load moving support shield 100 can roll forward under continuous support without causing friction damage to the top plate 001 and the bottom plate 002.

[0107] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to protect the traction system (not shown in the figure) used for pulling the hydraulic support 601 to be withdrawn, several traction protection supports are set on the side of the load moving support protection system to support and protect the traction system and the hydraulic support being pulled. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the traction protection support includes a first traction protection support 400 and a second traction protection support 500. Both the first traction protection support 400 and the second traction protection support 500 have a supported state supported on the top plate 001 and a lowered state that is removed from the top plate 001 to move forward. The first traction protection support 400 and the second traction protection support 500 can move forward gradually with the hydraulic support as the load-bearing mobile support system is withdrawn.

[0108] The load-moving support shield 100 is placed between the roof 001 and the floor 002 of the mine roadway, and its force diagram is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, since the top surface of the upper roller 101 is an arc surface, the top plate 001 generates a forward pushing force (G1) and a backward pushing force (G2) on the upper roller 101. The powerful pushing beam and the relay bracket 700 in S202 apply a traction force F to the load moving support shield device 100. The direction of the traction force F is horizontally forward. The angle between the forward pushing force G1 and F is α, and the angle between the backward pushing force G2 and the horizontal direction is β.

[0109] The load-moving support shield device 100 can generate a support force F1 as follows:

[0110] F1=F·secα

[0111] 1) α is normally greater than 60°, so F1 is normally greater than 2F.

[0112] 2) There are no other supporting devices behind the upper roller 101, and the top plate 001 partially collapses. Therefore, under normal circumstances, β is less than α, so the forward pushing pressure G1 of the top plate 001 on the load moving support and shield device 100 is greater than the backward pushing pressure G2.

[0113] For the reasons mentioned above, the magnitude of the traction force F required for the forward movement of the load-moving support and shield device 100 is reduced. Furthermore, the load-moving support and shield system provided in this embodiment of the invention can provide a forward traction force on the order of 100 tons for the load-moving support and shield device 100, which can fully meet the support and forward traction force requirements of various working conditions.

[0114] In other alternative embodiments, in step S201, when the telescopic rod 302 of the first cover support 200 and the telescopic rod 302 of the second cover support 300 are in contact, the load moving support cover device 100 can be directly pushed forward a certain distance by the traction of the powerful pushing beam and the relay support 700, instead of the step in step S202 where the upper roller 101, the front lower roller 102, and the rear lower roller 103 of the load moving support cover device 100 are pushed forward as a whole by extending the push-pull hydraulic cylinder 110.

[0115] It should be noted that the load-moving support and cover system of the present invention can also be used in other reasonable operating modes to achieve the support and cover and forward movement of the load-moving support and cover system, and is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation modes.

[0116] Multiple shield supports are used for alternating protection. The push-pull device of the shield supports pushes and pulls in sequence to realize the step-by-step movement of multiple shield supports. This eliminates the step of using a winch to pull the shield supports forward in the general withdrawal process. After the withdrawal hydraulic support is out of the roadway, other withdrawal equipment is used to pull the hydraulic support out of the roadway and load it onto a vehicle for transportation. These steps can be carried out in parallel with S1 and S2, realizing process coordination, saving the overall withdrawal time, and greatly improving the withdrawal efficiency of hydraulic supports.

[0117] The use of a load-moving support and shielding system for triangular area support eliminates the need for the timber stacking process during the technical withdrawal procedure. This system offers high support strength and provides excellent protection, completely preventing accidents such as roof mesh tearing, frame collapse, and burying, thus ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment. Furthermore, it significantly simplifies the hydraulic support withdrawal process and greatly improves the safety of hydraulic support withdrawal.

[0118] In addition, the rotating stepping method of the load-moving support shield system can achieve non-repeated support for the top and bottom plates, reducing damage to the top and bottom plates, thereby reducing the risk of top plate breakage and collapse. Furthermore, its load-moving support method can keep the top plate in a supported state at all times, effectively avoiding the risk of the frame being crushed due to the top plate losing support and pressing down.

[0119] In summary, the load-moving support protection device, protection method, and system proposed in this application greatly reduce the manual procedures and heavy physical labor in traditional retraction systems, achieving high safety, high reliability, high efficiency, and high benefits in hydraulic support retraction. It solves many unresolved pain points in hydraulic support retraction, realizes the automated transformation of hydraulic support retraction in coal mine roadways, significantly improves the operational efficiency and safety of hydraulic support retraction, and can generate significant economic and social benefits.

[0120] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0121] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0122] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0123] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0124] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0125] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A load-moving support and protection device, characterized in that, The load-moving support shield is used to support the roof and floor of a mine roadway. It includes an upper roller, a front lower roller, and a rear lower roller. The axes of the upper roller, the front lower roller, and the rear lower roller are all horizontally arranged and parallel to each other. The upper roller is located above the front lower roller and the rear lower roller and rolls in contact with each of them. The front lower roller and the rear lower roller are spaced apart in a forward direction orthogonal to the axis of the upper roller. The top of the upper roller abuts against the roof, and the bottom of the front lower roller and the bottom of the rear lower roller abut against the floor. The front lower roller and the rear lower roller roll forward alternately along the forward direction to achieve stepping, while simultaneously switching the load-moving support shield between a high support state and a low support state. It also includes: a creeping and traction arm, a push-pull hydraulic cylinder, and a creeping hydraulic cylinder. The support ends of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder and the creeping hydraulic cylinder are both supported on the creeping and traction arm. The telescopic end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the roller shaft of the front lower roller to push or pull the front lower roller to roll forward along the forward direction. The telescopic end of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the roller shaft of the rear lower roller to push or pull the rear lower roller to roll forward along the forward direction. The push-pull hydraulic cylinder and the creeping hydraulic cylinder operate alternately. The creeping and traction arm is provided with a braking element, which is used to prevent the creeping and traction arm from moving backward. The creeping and traction arm are separate structures, including a lower slide plate and a hydraulic cylinder protective cover. The rear end of the creeping hydraulic cylinder is supported on the upper surface of the lower slide plate, and the front end is hinged to the roller of the front lower roller. The rear end of the push-pull hydraulic cylinder is supported on the upper surface of the lower slide plate, and the front end is hinged to the roller of the rear lower roller. The hydraulic cylinder protective cover is fastened above the push-pull hydraulic cylinder and the creeping hydraulic cylinder and is hinged to the roller of the rear lower roller. The braking component is a tail anchor, which is hinged to the tail of the hydraulic cylinder protective cover and can rotate relative to it within a certain angle range. The tail anchor tilts backward and downward from the connection point with the hydraulic cylinder protective cover, and the bottom end of the tail anchor contacts the base plate to press the base plate to brake it when the hydraulic cylinder protective cover tends to move backward, and disengages from the base plate when the hydraulic cylinder protective cover moves forward. The push-pull hydraulic cylinder is located above the creeping hydraulic cylinder. The creeping and traction arm includes a sliding hinge plate. The creeping hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the roller of the front lower roller through the sliding hinge plate. The sliding hinge plate is located above the lower slide plate and can slide relative to the lower slide plate.

2. The load-moving support and shielding device according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the creeping and traction arm is located below the central axis of the front lower roller and the central axis of the rear lower roller, and is spaced apart from the base plate.

3. The load-moving support and shielding device according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A first roller connecting frame and a second roller connecting frame, wherein the first roller connecting frame is rotatably connected to each of the upper roller and the front lower roller, and the second roller connecting frame is rotatably connected to each of the upper roller and the rear lower roller; And / or, the ratio of the radius of the upper roller to the radius of the lower front roller is 1:1 to 4:1; And / or, the ratio of the radius of the upper roller to the radius of the lower rear roller is 1:1 to 4:

1.

4. The load-moving support and shielding device according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that, The front lower roller and the rear lower roller are each driven by a motor to roll forward, and the front lower roller and the rear lower roller are limited to rolling forward.

5. A load-moving support and shielding method, characterized in that, The load-moving support cover method provides cover based on the load-moving support cover device according to any one of claims 1-4, and the cover method includes: The load-moving support shielding device is in a high-support state; The lower front roller rolls forward, causing the upper roller to move forward and downward, thus lowering the support height of the load-moving support shield device and switching it to a low support state. The lower rear roller rolls forward, causing the upper roller to move forward and upward. The support height of the load-moving support shield increases, switching to a high support state, and the load-moving support shield achieves overall forward movement.

6. A load-moving support and cover system, characterized in that, include: The load-moving support shielding device according to any one of claims 1-4; A plurality of cover supports and the load moving support cover device are arranged sequentially in a first horizontal direction, the first horizontal direction being orthogonal to the forward direction. Each cover support includes a cover support frame and a push-pull device, the push-pull device being able to extend or retract relative to the cover support frame in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction. A powerful pushing beam and relay support are provided, wherein the powerful pushing beam and relay support are hinged to the front end of each of the plurality of push-pull devices and the load moving support shield device, and the powerful pushing beam and relay support are pushed along the forward direction by the plurality of push-pull devices. The protective support, the powerful pushing beam, and the relay support all have a supported state on the top plate and a lowered state detached from the top plate.

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