Deep sea coal gasification hydrogen production and storage system and method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of high-efficiency storage and utilization technology of hydrogen produced by deep-sea coal gasification. It proposes a deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production storage and transportation system and method. The heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger, such as pre-cooled refrigerant corrugated tubes, coal-based hydrogen corrugated tubes, cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated tubes, and cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich corrugated tubes, are all corrugated. By utilizing the difference in axial diameter of the corrugated tubes, the uniformity and flow pattern stability of the falling film flow outside the tubes are strong under sea conditions, and the axial displacement of the liquid film is small. This effectively limits the phenomenon of internal liquid tilting under the tilting and swaying conditions at sea. At the same time, the positive and secondary hydrogen separator is set at the inlet of the cryogenic coal-based hydrogen and integrated with the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger, which reduces the overall footprint of the system and facilitates the layout of equipment within the limited space. This promotes the development and utilization of deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production storage and transportation systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of efficient storage and utilization technology of hydrogen produced by deep-sea coal gasification, and particularly relates to a deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production storage and transportation system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In today's society, with the increasing demand for hydrogen as a new energy fuel, hydrogen production through coal gasification has become the main source of hydrogen. Hydrogen production using coal from onshore coal mines is convenient because it is an onshore operation, with advantages such as easy equipment operation and maintenance, and convenient deployment of hydrogen production equipment. Its hydrogen production and storage transportation system has lower requirements in terms of stability and land occupation. However, when producing hydrogen using seawater and deep-sea coal, there are significant difficulties in the operation and maintenance of hydrogen production and storage transportation equipment, as well as the deployment of hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment.

[0003] The inventors discovered that the main reason restricting the development and utilization of deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production and storage systems is that the system has a large number of devices and occupies a large area, which is not conducive to the deployment of equipment in a limited space. Furthermore, when the equipment is working in sea conditions, it is affected by waves and other factors, which makes the equipment unstable. For example, when the heat exchanger is tilted and swaying at sea, the liquid inside it will also tilt. At this time, the uniformity and flow pattern stability of the liquid film flowing outside the heat exchange tube are poor, and the liquid film is offset in the axial direction of the heat exchange tube, which affects the heat exchange effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation system and method. This effectively limits the phenomenon of internal liquid tilting under tilting and swaying conditions at sea, greatly improving the sea adaptability of the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquid hydrogen. Simultaneously, it reduces the overall system footprint, facilitating the layout of equipment within limited available space and promoting the development and utilization of deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation systems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation system, employing the following technical solution:

[0006] A deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage and transportation system includes a pre-cooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger and a cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger.

[0007] The precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger includes a precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell, with a precooling refrigerant shell-side inlet and a precooling refrigerant shell-side outlet at each end of the shell; a precooling refrigerant bellows and a coal-based hydrogen bellows are installed inside the precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell; the outlet of the coal-based hydrogen bellows is connected to a liquid impurity separator via a pipeline;

[0008] The cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger includes a cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell, and cryogenic refrigerant shell-side inlet and cryogenic refrigerant shell-side outlet are respectively provided on the side walls at both ends of the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell; cryogenic coal-based hydrogen inlet and liquid hydrogen outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell.

[0009] A neutral hydrogen separator is installed at the cryogenic coal-based hydrogen inlet, and the neutral hydrogen separator is connected to the liquid impurity separator via a pipeline; a cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe and a cryogenic neutral hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe are connected between the neutral hydrogen separator and the cryogenic coal-based hydrogen outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the precooled refrigerant corrugated pipe, the coal-based hydrogen corrugated pipe, the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe, and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe are all configured as spiral pipes.

[0011] Furthermore, a precooling central column is provided inside the shell of the precooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger, and the precooling refrigerant bellows and the coal-based hydrogen bellows are arranged around the precooling central column; a cryogenic central column is provided inside the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger, and the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich bellows and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich bellows are arranged around the cryogenic central column.

[0012] Furthermore, the pre-cooled refrigerant bellows has a refrigerant pipe-side inlet at one end near the refrigerant shell-side outlet and a refrigerant pipe-side outlet at the other end; the coal-based hydrogen bellows has a pre-cooled coal-based hydrogen inlet at one end near the refrigerant shell-side outlet and a coal-based hydrogen outlet at the other end.

[0013] Furthermore, a precooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger distributor is provided between the precooled refrigerant shell-side inlet and the precooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger shell.

[0014] Furthermore, a collector is connected to one end of the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich bellows and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich bellows near the liquid hydrogen outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, a cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger distributor is provided inside the shell of the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger, and the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger distributor is connected to the shell-side inlet of the cryogenic refrigerant.

[0016] Furthermore, the liquid hydrogen outlet is connected to a liquid hydrogen storage tank via a pipeline.

[0017] Furthermore, the precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger includes a first precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger and a second precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger; the coal-based hydrogen outlet of the first precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant pipe-side inlet of the second precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger via a pipeline; the coal-based hydrogen outlet of the second precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger is connected to a liquid impurity separator via a pipeline.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, in a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing, storing, and transporting hydrogen from deep-sea coal gasification, employing the following technical solution:

[0019] A method for producing, storing, and transporting hydrogen from deep-sea coal gasification, employing the deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production and storage system as described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0020] After the refrigerant enters the pre-cooling refrigerant bellows for initial cooling, it is then throttled and cooled by the expansion valve before entering the shell of the pre-cooling floating main cryogenic heat exchanger through the shell-side inlet of the pre-cooling refrigerant.

[0021] Coal-based hydrogen enters the coal-based hydrogen bellows and exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the shell of the pre-cooled floating main low-temperature heat exchanger; the coal-based hydrogen then passes through a liquid impurity separator and a neutral hydrogen separator to separate impurities, rich neutral hydrogen, and rich positive hydrogen.

[0022] The refrigerant enters the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger through the cryogenic refrigerant shell-side inlet; the secondary hydrogen-rich and positive hydrogen-rich enter the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger through the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich bellows and the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich bellows, respectively, and exchange heat with the refrigerant in the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger to obtain liquid hydrogen.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. In this invention, the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger, such as pre-cooled refrigerant corrugated tubes, coal-based hydrogen corrugated tubes, cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated tubes, and cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich corrugated tubes, are all corrugated. Utilizing the difference in axial diameter of the corrugated tubes, the uniformity and flow pattern stability of the falling film flow outside the tubes are enhanced under sea conditions, with minimal axial displacement of the liquid film. This effectively limits the tilting of the internal liquid under tilting and swaying conditions at sea, greatly improving the sea adaptability of the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquid hydrogen and effectively resisting the impact of tilting and swaying conditions on the heat exchange effect. Simultaneously, by placing the positive and secondary hydrogen separator at the cryogenic coal-based hydrogen inlet and integrating it with the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger, the overall system footprint is reduced, facilitating the layout of equipment within limited space and promoting the development and utilization of deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation systems.

[0025] 2. In this invention, the method of producing hydrogen through deep-sea floating coal gasification for storage and transportation can significantly reduce carbon emissions and pollutant generation from coal. Furthermore, combining this with hydrogen liquefaction processes greatly improves the efficiency of hydrogen storage and transportation. Using seawater as the raw material for deep-sea coal gasification saves costs, eliminates the need for manual deep-sea well operations, conserves manpower, and improves safety. Combining a neutral hydrogen separator, a neutral hydrogen condenser heat exchanger, and a converter to form a floating cryogenic main low-temperature heat exchanger allows for the separation of neutral hydrogen before hydrogen liquefaction. This significantly reduces the heat load from the neutral hydrogen conversion during hydrogen liquefaction, reduces the volume of neutral hydrogen separation and conversion equipment and heat exchangers, increases the specific power consumption and liquefaction rate of hydrogen liquefaction, reduces the overall footprint of the liquefaction unit, and improves economic efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this embodiment, are used to provide a further understanding of this embodiment. The illustrative embodiments and their descriptions are used to explain this embodiment and do not constitute an improper limitation of this embodiment.

[0027] Figure 1 This is the pre-cooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation process according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] The components include: 1. Pre-cooled refrigerant shell-side inlet; 2. Pre-cooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger shell; 3. Pre-cooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger distributor; 4. Refrigerant pipe-side outlet; 5. Pre-cooled refrigerant bellows; 6. Coal-based hydrogen bellows; 7. Coal-based hydrogen outlet; 8. Refrigerant pipe-side inlet; 9. Pre-cooled n-parahydrogen conversion catalyst; 10. Pre-cooled central column; 11. Pre-cooled coal-based hydrogen inlet; 12. Refrigerant shell-side outlet; 13. Liquid impurity separator; 14. Liquid hydrogen outlet; 5. Collector for rich intermediate hydrogen and rich positive hydrogen; 16. Shell of cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger; 17. Distributor of cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger; 18. Shell-side inlet of cryogenic refrigerant; 19. Cryogenic central column; 20. Shell-side outlet of cryogenic refrigerant; 21. Corrugated pipe for rich positive hydrogen; 22. Corrugated pipe for rich intermediate hydrogen; 23. Separator for intermediate and positive hydrogen; 24. Cryogenic coal-based hydrogen inlet; 25. Catalyst for cryogenic rich intermediate hydrogen; 26. Catalyst for cryogenic rich positive hydrogen; 27. Liquid hydrogen storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] There are two main reasons that restrict the development and utilization of deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage and transportation systems. First, the equipment in the system occupies a large area, which is not conducive to the deployment of equipment in a limited space. Second, when the equipment is working in sea conditions, it is affected by waves and other factors, which makes the equipment unstable. For example, when the heat exchanger is tilted and swaying at sea, the liquid inside it will also tilt. At this time, the uniformity and flow pattern stability of the liquid film flowing outside the heat exchange tube are poor, and the liquid film is offset in the axial direction of the heat exchange tube, which affects the heat exchange effect.

[0035] In response to the above problems, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage and transportation system, including a pre-cooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger and a cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger.

[0036] The precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger includes a precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell 2, with a precooling refrigerant shell-side inlet 1 and a precooling refrigerant shell-side outlet 12 respectively provided at both ends of the precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell 2; a precooling refrigerant bellows 5 and a coal-based hydrogen bellows 6 are provided inside the precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell 2; the outlet of the coal-based hydrogen bellows 6 is connected to a liquid impurity separator 13 via a pipeline;

[0037] The cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger includes a cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell 16, with a cryogenic refrigerant shell-side inlet 18 and a cryogenic refrigerant shell-side outlet 20 respectively provided on the side walls at both ends of the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell 16; and a cryogenic coal-based hydrogen inlet 24 and a liquid hydrogen outlet 14 respectively provided at both ends of the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell 16.

[0038] A neutral hydrogen separator 23 is provided at the cryogenic coal-based hydrogen inlet 24. The neutral hydrogen separator 23 is connected to the liquid impurity separator 13 through a pipeline. A cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe 21 and a cryogenic neutral hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe 22 are connected between the neutral hydrogen separator 23 and the cryogenic coal-based hydrogen outlet 14.

[0039] The heat exchange tubes, such as the precooling refrigerant corrugated tube 5, the coal-based hydrogen corrugated tube 6, the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated tube 21, and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich corrugated tube 22, are all corrugated. Utilizing the difference in axial diameter of the corrugated tubes, the liquid film uniformity and flow pattern stability of the falling film flow outside the tubes are strong under sea conditions, with minimal axial displacement of the liquid film. This effectively limits the phenomenon of internal liquid tilting under tilting and swaying conditions at sea, greatly improving the sea adaptability of the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquid hydrogen and effectively resisting the impact of tilting and swaying conditions on heat exchange performance. Simultaneously, the positive and secondary hydrogen separator 32 is located at the cryogenic coal-based hydrogen inlet 24, integrated with the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger, reducing the overall system footprint. This facilitates the layout of equipment within limited space, promoting the development and utilization of deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation systems.

[0040] Optionally, the precooled refrigerant bellows 5, the coal-based hydrogen bellows 6, the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich bellows 21, and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich bellows 22 adopt bellows with an axial diameter difference of 2 mm as the heat exchange tube type of the main cryogenic heat exchanger. Under sea conditions, the liquid film uniformity and flow pattern stability of the falling film flow outside the tube are strong, and the axial displacement of the liquid film is small, which greatly improves the sea adaptability of the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquid hydrogen and effectively resists the tilting and swaying conditions at sea.

[0041] In this embodiment, the precooling refrigerant bellows 5, the coal-based hydrogen bellows 6, the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich bellows 21, and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich bellows 22 are all configured as spiral tubes. Optionally, a precooling central column 10 is provided inside the shell 2 of the precooling floating main cryogenic heat exchanger by welding or other means, and the precooling refrigerant bellows 5 and the coal-based hydrogen bellows 6 are arranged around the precooling central column 10; a cryogenic central column 19 is provided inside the shell 16 of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger by welding or other means, and the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich bellows 21 and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich bellows 22 are arranged around the cryogenic central column 19.

[0042] The precooled refrigerant bellows 5 has a refrigerant pipe-side inlet 8 at one end near the refrigerant shell-side outlet 12 and a refrigerant pipe-side outlet 4 at the other end; the coal-based hydrogen bellows 6 has a precooled coal-based hydrogen inlet 11 at one end near the refrigerant shell-side outlet 12 and a coal-based hydrogen outlet 7 at the other end.

[0043] Currently, in most cases, the floating cryogenic heat exchangers used for hydrogen production cool the materials within the heat exchanger. However, a large amount of cold energy remains unused in the refrigerant after heat exchange, affecting the utilization rate of cold energy and the heat exchange effect. Based on this, in this embodiment, the precooling refrigerant bellows 5, the coal-based hydrogen bellows 6, the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich bellows 21, and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich bellows 22 are all configured as spiral tubes. During the precooling stage, while the coal-based hydrogen in the coal-based hydrogen bellows 6 exchanges heat with the refrigerant, the refrigerant in the precooling refrigerant bellows 5 exchanges heat with the refrigerant. The refrigerant in the precooling refrigerant bellows 5 absorbs cold energy and then undergoes throttling and cooling, thereby maximizing the utilization of cold energy in the refrigerant and improving the cooling effect. At the same time, the precooling refrigerant bellows 5, the coal-based hydrogen bellows 6, the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich bellows 21, and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich bellows 22 are all configured as spiral tubes, which reduces the requirement for the shell length and reduces the volume of the heat exchanger while ensuring the heat exchange effect.

[0044] The refrigerant can be composed of various gases such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, ethylene, propylene, nitrogen, and hydrogen. The refrigerant enters the pre-cooling main cryogenic heat exchanger through the refrigerant pipe-side inlet 8 to exchange heat and absorb cold energy. After heat exchange, the refrigerant passes through a throttling valve for cooling and then enters the pre-cooling main cryogenic heat exchanger through the pre-cooling refrigerant shell-side inlet 1 to release cold energy. The raw material coal-based hydrogen enters the pre-cooling floating main cryogenic heat exchanger through the pre-cooling coal-based hydrogen inlet 11. The coal-based hydrogen corrugated pipe 6 is filled with a pre-cooling secondary hydrogen conversion catalyst 9. After heat exchange and secondary hydrogen conversion, the raw material hydrogen flows out from the coal-based hydrogen outlet 7 and enters the liquid impurity separator 13 to separate liquid impurities.

[0045] A precooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger distributor 3 is provided between the precooled refrigerant shell-side inlet 1 and the precooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger shell 2. A cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger distributor 17 is provided inside the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger shell 16, and the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger distributor 17 is connected to the cryogenic refrigerant shell-side inlet 18.

[0046] The distributor can be a nozzle, which can distribute the material into the inner cavity of the precooled floating main low-temperature heat exchanger shell 2 and the cryogenic floating main low-temperature heat exchanger shell 16, so that it can contact the spiral tube for heat exchange.

[0047] The ends of the cryogenic positive-rich hydrogen bellows 21 and the cryogenic secondary-rich hydrogen bellows 22 near the liquid hydrogen outlet 14 are connected to a collector 15. The liquid hydrogen outlet 14 is connected to a liquid hydrogen storage tank 27 via a pipeline for storing liquid hydrogen. The collector 15 can be implemented using existing technology, such as a tee, wherein the two inlets of the tee are respectively connected to the outlets of the cryogenic positive-rich hydrogen bellows 21 and the cryogenic secondary-rich hydrogen bellows 22, and the outlet of the tee is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank 27 via a pipeline and power equipment, etc.

[0048] In this embodiment, the precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger includes a first precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger and a second precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger; the coal-based hydrogen outlet of the first precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant pipe-side inlet of the second precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger via a pipeline; the coal-based hydrogen outlet of the second precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger is connected to a liquid impurity separator 13 via a pipeline.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, coal-based hydrogen is generated through deep-sea coal gasification technology. The coal-based hydrogen passes through a first pre-cooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger to obtain carbon dioxide, and then through a second pre-cooled floating main cryogenic heat exchanger to obtain carbon monoxide and nitrogen. The cooled coal-based hydrogen is then separated into secondary hydrogen-rich and primary hydrogen-rich gases by a separator. These secondary and primary hydrogen gases then pass through a final deep-cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger to obtain liquid hydrogen. It is understandable that the deep-sea coal gasification system can be implemented using existing equipment, and will not be detailed here.

[0050] It should be noted that the coal-based hydrogen corrugated pipe 6 contains a pre-cooled positive and secondary hydrogen conversion catalyst 9, the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe 21 contains a cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich catalyst 26, and the cryogenic positive and secondary hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe 22 contains a cryogenic positive and secondary hydrogen-rich catalyst 25. The pre-cooled positive and secondary hydrogen conversion catalyst 9, the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich catalyst 26, and the cryogenic positive and secondary hydrogen-rich catalyst 25 are all positive and secondary hydrogen conversion catalysts. Existing catalysts can be used for positive and secondary hydrogen conversion, which will not be described in detail here. The difference is that when the positive and secondary hydrogen conversion catalyst is used as a cryogenic positive and secondary hydrogen-rich catalyst, its distribution density in the spiral tube is lower than that in the other two cases.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] This embodiment provides a method for producing hydrogen from deep-sea coal gasification, employing the deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production and storage system described in Embodiment 1, including:

[0053] After the refrigerant enters the pre-cooling refrigerant bellows for initial cooling, it is then throttled and cooled by the expansion valve before entering the shell of the pre-cooling floating main cryogenic heat exchanger through the shell-side inlet of the pre-cooling refrigerant.

[0054] Coal-based hydrogen enters the coal-based hydrogen bellows and exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the shell of the pre-cooled floating main low-temperature heat exchanger; the coal-based hydrogen then passes through a liquid impurity separator and a neutral hydrogen separator to separate impurities, rich neutral hydrogen, and rich positive hydrogen.

[0055] The refrigerant enters the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger through the cryogenic refrigerant shell-side inlet; the secondary hydrogen-rich and positive hydrogen-rich enter the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger through the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich bellows and the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich bellows, respectively, and exchange heat with the refrigerant in the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger to obtain liquid hydrogen.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this practice and is not intended to limit the scope of this practice. Various modifications and variations can be made to this practice by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this practice should be included within the protection scope of this practice.

Claims

1. A deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation system, characterized in that, This includes pre-cooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchangers and cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchangers; The precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger includes a precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell, with a precooling refrigerant shell-side inlet and a precooling refrigerant shell-side outlet at each end of the shell; a precooling refrigerant bellows and a coal-based hydrogen bellows are installed inside the precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell; the outlet of the coal-based hydrogen bellows is connected to a liquid impurity separator via a pipeline; The cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger includes a cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell, and cryogenic refrigerant shell-side inlet and cryogenic refrigerant shell-side outlet are respectively provided on the side walls at both ends of the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell; cryogenic coal-based hydrogen inlet and liquid hydrogen outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger shell. A neutral hydrogen separator is installed at the cryogenic coal-based hydrogen inlet, and the neutral hydrogen separator is connected to the liquid impurity separator through a pipeline; a cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe and a cryogenic neutral hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe are connected between the neutral hydrogen separator and the cryogenic coal-based hydrogen outlet. The precooling refrigerant corrugated pipe, the coal-based hydrogen corrugated pipe, the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe, and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe are all configured as spiral pipes with an axial diameter difference of 2 mm. A precooling central column is provided inside the shell of the precooling floating main cryogenic heat exchanger, and the precooling refrigerant corrugated pipe and the coal-based hydrogen corrugated pipe are arranged around the precooling central column. A cryogenic central column is provided inside the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger, and the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe are arranged around the cryogenic central column.

2. The deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The precooled refrigerant corrugated pipe has a refrigerant pipe-side inlet at one end near the refrigerant shell-side outlet and a refrigerant pipe-side outlet at the other end; the coal-based hydrogen corrugated pipe has a precooled coal-based hydrogen inlet at one end near the refrigerant shell-side outlet and a coal-based hydrogen outlet at the other end.

3. The deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A precooling floating main cryogenic heat exchanger distributor is provided between the shell-side inlet of the precooling refrigerant and the shell of the precooling floating main cryogenic heat exchanger.

4. The deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe and the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich corrugated pipe are connected to a collector at the end near the liquid hydrogen outlet.

5. A deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger distributor is installed inside the shell of the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger, and the cryogenic floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger distributor is connected to the shell-side inlet of the cryogenic refrigerant.

6. The deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid hydrogen outlet is connected to a liquid hydrogen storage tank via a pipeline.

7. A deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger includes a first precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger and a second precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger; the coal-based hydrogen outlet of the first precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant pipe-side inlet of the second precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger via a pipeline; the coal-based hydrogen outlet of the second precooled floating primary cryogenic heat exchanger is connected to a liquid impurity separator via a pipeline.

8. A method for hydrogen production, storage, and transportation via deep-sea coal gasification, characterized in that... The deep-sea coal gasification hydrogen production, storage, and transportation system described in any one of claims 1-7 is adopted, comprising: After the refrigerant enters the pre-cooling refrigerant bellows for initial cooling, it is then throttled and cooled by the expansion valve before entering the shell of the pre-cooling floating main cryogenic heat exchanger through the shell-side inlet of the pre-cooling refrigerant. Coal-based hydrogen enters the coal-based hydrogen bellows and exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the shell of the pre-cooled floating main low-temperature heat exchanger; the coal-based hydrogen then passes through a liquid impurity separator and a neutral hydrogen separator to separate impurities, rich neutral hydrogen, and rich positive hydrogen. The refrigerant enters the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger through the cryogenic refrigerant shell-side inlet; the secondary hydrogen-rich and positive hydrogen-rich enter the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger through the cryogenic secondary hydrogen-rich bellows and the cryogenic positive hydrogen-rich bellows, respectively, and exchange heat with the refrigerant in the shell of the cryogenic floating main cryogenic heat exchanger to obtain liquid hydrogen.

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