Experimental method for simulating the whole process of rheological impact of rock and soil particles under variable gravity environment

Abstract

The application provides an experimental method for simulating the whole process of rheological impact of rock and soil particles in a variable gravity environment, and relates to the technical field of engineering geology. The method comprises the following steps: starting the power connecting rod of the experimental module, so that the sample loading cabin is driven by the power connecting rod to slide along one end of the transparent experimental cabin of the experimental module to the other end of the transparent test field; when the sample loading cabin slides to the preset position, the movable iron cabin cover of the sample loading cabin is opened, so that the rock and soil particles flow out of the sample loading cabin and perform rheological impact movement; in the process of rheological impact movement of the rock and soil particles, the blocking assembly is monitored, the impact force sensed by the strain assembly on the blocking assembly is collected, and the impact image is collected. The application simulates the rheological impact movement of rock and soil particles in a variable gravity environment, automatically collects the impact force and the impact image, and automatically guides the rock and soil particles to flow back to the initial position after the rheological impact movement, so that the experimental operation process is automated, and the work burden of aerospace experiment personnel is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering geology, specifically to an experimental method that can simulate the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under variable gravity conditions. Background Technology

[0002] The essence of geological hazards such as landslides can be described as a process of large deformation shear flow in granular systems. On the Earth's surface, researchers have conducted extensive experimental and theoretical studies to improve landslide control capabilities and reduce their destructive effects. Due to the discontinuous nature of soil-rock granular systems, the various mechanical properties of their impact-flow sliding are still difficult to predict comprehensively using theory. Conducting impact-flow sliding experiments is the most intuitive and effective method to study the dynamic characteristics and disaster-causing laws of soil-rock granular systems.

[0003] Recent studies have revealed a strong correlation between the impact characteristics of soil-rock particle systems and their surrounding gravitational environment. The energy dissipation processes within particle systems vary significantly under different gravitational environments. Current research indicates that the gravitational environment alters factors such as interparticle engagement, friction, and rotation, thus significantly impacting the macroscopic mechanical properties of the system. However, experimental studies in this area have not yet been conducted.

[0004] In recent years, my country's aerospace industry has developed rapidly. In the near future, my country will conduct feasibility studies and research on projects such as a lunar research base. Current observations have revealed that landslides on the Moon and Mars, in low-gravity environments, are significantly larger than those on Earth's surface. Therefore, conducting relevant research under variable gravity environments is crucial. With the completion of my country's space station, research on variable gravity environments has become feasible. However, current devices for simulating the sliding of soil-rock particle systems are not suitable for variable gravity environments. The main reasons are as follows:

[0005] (1) In surface environments, slopes are commonly used to provide initial acceleration for particle systems. The conversion between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy is used to prepare flowing soil. However, in variable gravity environments, this acceleration method will result in particle systems having completely different initial velocities under different gravity conditions, making the experimental results incomparable.

[0006] (2) On Earth, researchers can easily replace experimental samples. Therefore, most experimental samples are used only once. However, transporting samples in space experiments is extremely costly, and without sample recovery equipment, the experimental expenses would be very high.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a dedicated variable gravity rheological impact simulation experimental method for the microgravity environment in space, in order to collect the relevant characteristics of particle rheological impact in the microgravity environment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental method that can simulate the entire process of rheological impact of soil particles under variable gravity conditions. By simulating the rheological impact motion of soil particles under variable gravity conditions, the method automatically collects impact force and impact images during the rheological impact motion, and automatically guides the soil particles back to their initial position after the rheological impact motion. The experimental control process is automated, which effectively reduces the workload of aerospace experimental personnel.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides an experimental method for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under variable gravity conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Soil and rock particles are filled into a sample loading chamber of an experimental module. The sample loading chamber is located at one end of the transparent experimental chamber of the experimental module. A barrier assembly is provided at the other end of the transparent experimental chamber. A strain assembly is provided on the barrier assembly. The power rear plate of the sample loading chamber is connected to the power linkage of the experimental module.

[0011] The power linkage of the experimental module is activated, causing the sample loading chamber to slide along one end of the transparent experimental chamber of the experimental module to the other end of the transparent test field under the drive of the power linkage.

[0012] When the sample chamber slides to the preset position, the movable iron cover of the sample chamber is opened, allowing the soil and rock particles to flow out of the sample chamber and undergo rheological impact motion.

[0013] During the rheological impact motion of the soil and rock particles, the barrier assembly is monitored, the impact force sensed by the strain components on the barrier assembly is collected, and impact images are acquired.

[0014] In one embodiment, the experimental module includes a transparent experimental chamber, a rotating central axis, and a reset lifting rod. The rotating central axis and the reset lifting rod are respectively fixed on a chassis that is making uniform circular motion. One end of the transparent experimental chamber is connected to the rotating central axis, and the other end of the transparent experimental chamber is connected to the reset lifting rod. During the rheological impact motion of the soil particles, the reset lifting rod drives the transparent experimental chamber to rotate around the rotating central axis.

[0015] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0016] Activate the reset lifting rod to cause the transparent experimental chamber to rotate around the central axis of rotation by a preset angle;

[0017] When the preset angle is greater than the internal friction angle of the soil particles, the reset lifting rod is stopped, causing the soil particles to flow back under their own weight.

[0018] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0019] After the soil and rock particles have finished refluxing, close the movable iron cover of the sample chamber to contain the soil and rock particles.

[0020] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0021] The hatch reset linkage is activated. The hatch reset linkage is connected to a reset electromagnet. The reset electromagnet generates a magnetic attraction force on the movable iron hatch cover to push the movable iron hatch cover and the soil particles back to the initial position, which is located at one end of the transparent experimental chamber of the experimental module.

[0022] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0023] Activate the reset lifting rod to reset the entire transparent experimental chamber.

[0024] In one embodiment, the strain assembly includes at least two strain gauges, each strain gauge being attached to a different spatial location on the surface of the barrier assembly to sense impact forces at different spatial locations.

[0025] In one embodiment, during the rheological impact motion of the soil particles, images of the motion process of the soil particles are captured by a camera. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system used in the experimental method of the present invention, which can simulate the entire process of rheological impact of soil particles under variable gravity environment.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a single experimental module according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a disassembly diagram of the sample loading chamber in a single experimental module according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sample loading chamber in the initial position in a single experimental module according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the release of soil and rock particles in a single experimental module according to the present invention;

[0031] Figures 6 to 8 This is a schematic diagram of the recovery of soil and rock particles in a single experimental module according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of the experimental method of the present invention that can simulate the entire process of rheological impact of soil particles under variable gravity environment. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide a clearer understanding of the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative of the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0034] In the following description, certain specific details are set forth for the purpose of illustrating various disclosed embodiments in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known apparatuses, structures, and techniques associated with this application may not have been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

[0035] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the word “comprising” and its variations, such as “including” and “having”, shall be understood to have an open, inclusive meaning, that is, to be interpreted as “including, but not limited to”.

[0036] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" indicate that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the appearance of "in an embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be combined in any manner in one or more embodiments.

[0037] The singular forms “a” and “the” used in this specification and the appended claims include plural references unless otherwise expressly stated herein. It should be noted that the term “or” is generally used to include the meaning of “or / and” unless otherwise expressly stated herein.

[0038] In the following description, in order to clearly demonstrate the structure and working method of the present invention, a number of directional terms will be used. However, terms such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "outside", "inside", "outward", "inward", "up", and "down" should be understood as convenient terms and not as limiting terms.

[0039] The first embodiment of this invention relates to an experimental method for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under varying gravity conditions, and is applied to an experimental system for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under varying gravity conditions, specifically as follows: Figure 1As shown, the system includes a chassis 1 and three experimental modules 1-2 mounted on the chassis 1. The chassis 1 is circular. During the experiment, the circular chassis 1 rotates at a constant speed around its center, using centrifugal force to simulate gravity and providing the experimental modules 1-2 with a simulated variable gravity environment. The simulated gravity direction is shown by arrow 1-1 in the figure. The three experimental modules 1-2 are evenly distributed on the circular chassis 1, exhibiting a centrally symmetrical structure, and all three modules have the same counterweight. This ensures that during the centrifugal rotation of the chassis 1, the center of gravity of the chassis 1 remains relatively stable without significant shift. The three experimental modules ensure a reasonable overall weight distribution of the system. Furthermore, during the flow of soil particles, any shift in the center of gravity caused by changes in the position of soil particles in a single experimental module is offset by the similar motion patterns of the soil particles simultaneously observed in the other two experimental modules, thus ensuring that the mass of the circular chassis 1 remains essentially uniformly distributed during rotation. It should be noted that the circular shape of the chassis 1 must be compatible with the installation requirements of the centrifuge when mounted on it.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, each experimental module 1-2 includes a transparent experimental chamber 2, a rotating central axis 2-2, and a reset lifting rod 7. The rotating central axis 2-2 and the reset lifting rod 7 are respectively mounted on the chassis 1. One end of the transparent experimental chamber 2 is connected to the rotating central axis 2-2, and the other end of the transparent experimental chamber 2 is connected to the reset lifting rod 7. During the rheological impact motion of the soil particles, the reset lifting rod 7 drives the transparent experimental chamber 2 to rotate around the rotating central axis 2-2. The lower inner surface of the transparent experimental chamber 2 is also called the sliding surface. This surface is arc-shaped, and the distance from each point on the sliding surface to the center of the circle (i.e., the center of rotation) is strictly equal. This ensures that the gravitational environment of the particles is basically consistent during the flow process.

[0041] The transparent experimental chamber 2 is internally equipped with a sample loading chamber 3, a strain gauge assembly 8, and a barrier assembly 4. The transparent experimental chamber 2 is a particle flow field. The sample loading chamber 3 is located at the beginning of the particle flow field in the transparent experimental chamber 2, and the strain gauge assembly 8 and the barrier assembly 4 are located at the end of the particle flow field in the transparent experimental chamber 2. The sample loading chamber 3 is filled with the soil and rock particles 3-4. Different types of soil and rock particles can be loaded for different experimental modules 1-2. During the rheological impact motion of the soil and rock particles, the strain gauge assembly 8 is used to collect the impact force of the barrier assembly 4 at different spatial positions. Specifically, the strain gauge assembly 8 includes multiple strain gauges, each strain gauge being attached to a different spatial position on the surface of the barrier assembly 4 to collect the impact force characteristics experienced by the barrier assembly 4 at different spatial positions.

[0042] Each of the experimental modules 1-2 also includes a power linkage 5 fixed to the chassis 1, which drives the sample loading chamber 3 to reciprocate through extension and retraction. Figure 3 As shown, the sample loading chamber 3 includes a power rear plate 3-1 and a movable iron cover 3-2 connected to the power rear plate 3-1; the power connecting rod 5 is connected to the power rear plate 3-1, and the power connecting rod 5 drives the power rear plate 3-1 to reciprocate through extension and retraction. Specifically... Figure 2 As shown, the power linkage 5 includes a fixed unit and a telescopic unit. The fixed unit is fixedly mounted on the chassis 1, and the telescopic unit is connected to one end of the power rear plate 3-1. By telescopically pulling the power rear plate 3-1, one end of the power rear plate 3-1 extends to the outside of the transparent experimental chamber 2 and is fixedly connected to the power linkage 5.

[0043] Each experimental module 1-2 further includes a door control assembly 6 for controlling the opening and closing of the sample loading chamber 3. The door control assembly 6 includes an opening electromagnet 6-2, a reset electromagnet 6-1, and a door reset linkage 6-3. The opening electromagnet 6-2 is located on a first side of the transparent experimental chamber 2 near the center of the chassis 1, and is used to control the opening of the sample loading chamber 3. Specifically, when the power linkage 5 drives the power rear plate 3-1 to a preset position, the opening electromagnet 6-2 generates a magnetic attraction force on the movable iron cover 3-2, causing the movable iron cover 3-2 to move closer to the first side. The soil particles slide out of the opened sample loading chamber 3 and collide with the barrier assembly 4 under the variable gravity environment. The first side is the side of the transparent experimental chamber 2 near the center of the chassis 1, that is, the side opposite to the sliding surface.

[0044] The door control assembly 6 includes a reset electromagnet 6-1 and a door reset linkage 6-3, both of which are located on the second side of the transparent experimental chamber 2 away from the chassis 1. The reset electromagnet 6-1 and the door opening electromagnet 6-2 are positioned opposite each other. The reset electromagnet 6-1 controls the closing of the sample loading chamber 3. Specifically, the reset lifting rod 7 rotates the transparent experimental chamber by a preset angle. Under the variable gravity environment, the soil particles move away from the barrier assembly 4 and flow back. The power linkage 5 moves the power rear plate 3-1 to its initial position. The reset electromagnet 6-1 generates a magnetic attraction force on the movable iron cover 3-2, causing it to move closer to the second side. The door reset linkage 6-3, along with the reset electromagnet 6-1, jointly pushes the movable iron cover 3-2 and the soil particles back to their initial position. The second side is the side of the transparent experimental chamber 2 away from the center of the chassis 1, i.e., the sliding surface.

[0045] In one example, each of the experimental modules 1-2 also includes a camera 9, which is used to acquire images of the motion process of the soil particles during the rheological impact motion of the soil particles.

[0046] In one example, each of the experimental modules 1-2 also includes a microcomputer 10, which is connected to several motion control components in the system, such as the power linkage 5, the door opening electromagnet 6-2, the strain gauge assembly 8, the camera 9, the reset lifting rod 7, and the hatch control assembly 6, to achieve automated process control of the entire system. The computer commands throughout the experiment include starting the power linkage 5, starting the door opening electromagnet 6-2, closing the power linkage 5, starting the high-speed camera 9, collecting and preprocessing impact force data, transmitting image and impact force data, closing the camera 9, starting the reset lifting rod 7, de-energizing the door opening electromagnet 6-2, starting the hatch reset linkage 6-3, and returning to the initial state and de-energizing. The microcomputer 10 also has wireless data transmission capabilities to enable real-time data transmission and monitoring during the experiment.

[0047] like Figure 9 As shown, in step 101, soil and rock particles are filled into the sample loading chamber of an experimental module. The sample loading chamber is located at one end of the transparent experimental chamber of the experimental module, and the other end of the transparent experimental chamber is equipped with a barrier assembly. The barrier assembly is equipped with a strain assembly, and the power rear plate of the sample loading chamber is connected to the power linkage of the experimental module.

[0048] Step 102: Activate the power linkage of the experimental module, so that the sample loading chamber slides along one end of the transparent experimental chamber of the experimental module to the other end of the transparent test field under the drive of the power linkage.

[0049] Step 103: When the sample chamber slides to the preset position, open the movable iron cover of the sample chamber to allow the soil particles to flow out of the sample chamber and undergo rheological impact motion.

[0050] Step 104: During the rheological impact motion of the soil and rock particles, monitor the barrier assembly, collect the impact force sensed by the strain component on the barrier assembly, and acquire impact images.

[0051] This completes the single-group experiment process, after which the sample recovery and reset process can begin.

[0052] Step 105: The reset lifting rod begins to retract, causing the transparent experimental chamber to rotate around its central axis, resulting in the backflow of soil particles. At this time, the reset lifting rod is activated, causing the transparent experimental chamber to rotate around the central axis by a preset angle. When the preset angle exceeds the internal friction angle of the soil particles, the reset lifting rod is stopped, allowing the soil particles to backflow under their own weight. Simultaneously, the power rear plate rotates backward back to the initial position in step 101.

[0053] Step 106: The door opening electromagnet is de-energized, and the movable iron cover falls back to the sliding surface. After the reset electromagnet is activated, it attracts the movable iron cover. Specifically, after the reset linkage 6 is activated, it pushes the movable iron cover. The movable iron cover returns to the initial position in step 101, and pushes the soil particles on the slide rail into the sample loading chamber. The sample loading chamber reset is complete.

[0054] Step 107: The reset lifting linkage extends to its initial position, causing the transparent experimental chamber to return to its initial position. Furthermore, the reset electromagnet is de-energized, and the experimental system completely returns to its initial state.

[0055] If another set of experimental procedures needs to be started, return to step 102 to continue the experiment until step 107. After all operating conditions have been tested, the experiment ends.

[0056] The following is passed Figures 4 to 8 Describe the specific experimental procedure.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 4 In the initial state shown, the soil particles are filled in a well-sealed sample chamber 3, formed by the power rear plate 3-1 and the movable iron cover 3-2. This sample chamber 3 allows the soil particles to be contained effectively, reducing leakage into other spaces. In the initial state, driven by the power linkage 5, the sample chamber 3 begins to slide along the sliding surface. When it slides to the preset position, the soil particles begin to be released, and the release process is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. Under the action of the door-opening electromagnet 6-2, the movable iron hatch 3-2 moves towards the center of the chassis 1, releasing soil particles. Afterwards, the powered rear plate 3-1 stops moving, and the soil particles begin to flow freely along the sliding surface until they impact the barrier assembly 4. At this time, the microcomputer 10 collects the impact force data sensed by strain gauges at different spatial positions on the surface of the barrier assembly 4 and acquires the impact image from the camera 9, thus completing a set of experiments.

[0058] After the experiment is completed, the sample recovery phase begins. For clarity, the sample recovery phase is divided into three sub-phases.

[0059] like Figure 6 As shown, this is the first stage of sample recovery. Driven by the reset lifting link 7, the transparent experimental chamber 2 rotates around the central axis 2-2 by a preset angle. Figure 6 The dashed line (1-1) marks the initial position of the transparent experimental chamber. The arrow 1-1 (i.e., the direction of gravity) is perpendicular to the initial position 2-3. When the preset angle 1-3 (i.e., the lifting angle) is greater than the friction angle of the granular material, the soil and rock particles flow back under their own weight.

[0060] like Figure 7As shown, in the second stage of sample recovery, when the reflux of soil and rock particles is basically completed, the power rear plate is reset to its initial state. The movable iron hatch cover 3-2 falls back to the sliding surface under the action of the reset electromagnet 6-1, initially constraining the soil in the soil and rock particles, that is, the soil and rock particles are contained within the movable iron hatch cover 3-2.

[0061] like Figure 8 As shown, this is the three-stage sample recovery process. Driven by the hatch reset linkage 6-3, the movable iron hatch cover 3-2 pushes the soil back to its initial position. After completion, the reset lifting linkage 7 pushes the transparent experimental chamber 2 back to its original position. With the entire experimental setup back to its initial state, the next set of experiments can be conducted.

[0062] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but it should be understood that, if necessary, aspects of the embodiments can be modified to utilize aspects, features, and concepts from various patents, applications, and publications to provide other embodiments.

[0063] In light of the detailed description above, these and other changes can be made to the embodiments. Generally, the terminology used in the claims should not be considered limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and claims, but should be understood to include all possible embodiments together with the full scope of equivalents enjoyed by these claims.

Claims

1. An experimental method for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under variable gravity conditions, used in an experimental system, the experimental system comprising a circular chassis undergoing uniform circular motion and three experimental modules uniformly distributed on the chassis, the chassis undergoing uniform circular motion around its center to simulate gravity with centrifugal force, providing a simulated variable gravity environment for the experimental modules, characterized in that, The experimental method includes the following steps: Soil and rock particles are filled into a sample chamber of the experimental module. The sample chamber is located at one end of a transparent experimental chamber of the experimental module, and a baffle assembly is provided at the other end of the transparent experimental chamber. A strain gauge is mounted on the baffle assembly. The power rear plate of the sample chamber is connected to the power linkage of the experimental module. The power linkage of the experimental module is activated, causing the sample chamber to slide from one end of the transparent experimental chamber to the other end under the drive of the power linkage. When the sample chamber slides to a preset position, the movable iron cover of the sample chamber is opened, allowing the soil and rock particles to flow out of the sample chamber and undergo rheological impact motion. During the rheological impact motion of the soil and rock particles, the baffle assembly is monitored, and the impact force sensed by the strain gauge on the baffle assembly is collected, and impact images are acquired.

2. The experimental method for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under variable gravity environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental module includes a transparent experimental chamber, a rotating central axis, and a reset lifting rod. The rotating central axis and the reset lifting rod are respectively fixed on a chassis that is making uniform circular motion. One end of the transparent experimental chamber is connected to the rotating central axis, and the other end of the transparent experimental chamber is connected to the reset lifting rod. During the rheological impact motion of the soil particles, the reset lifting rod drives the transparent experimental chamber to rotate around the rotating central axis.

3. The experimental method for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under variable gravity environment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: activating the reset lifting rod to cause the transparent experimental chamber to rotate around the central axis of rotation by a preset angle; when the preset angle is greater than the internal friction angle of the soil particles, stopping the reset lifting rod to allow the soil particles to flow back under their own weight.

4. The experimental method for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under variable gravity environment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: after waiting for the soil particles to complete the reflux, closing the movable iron cover of the sample loading chamber so that the soil particles are contained within the movable iron cover.

5. The experimental method for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under variable gravity environment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes a hatch control assembly (6), which includes a reset electromagnet (6-1) and a hatch reset linkage (6-3). The reset electromagnet (6-1) and the hatch reset linkage (6-3) are both located on the second side of the transparent experimental chamber away from the center of the chassis. The method further includes activating the hatch reset linkage, which is connected to the reset electromagnet. The reset electromagnet generates a magnetic attraction force on the movable iron hatch cover to push the movable iron hatch cover and the soil particles back to the initial position, which is located at one end of the transparent experimental chamber.

6. The experimental method for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under variable gravity environment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: activating the reset lifting rod, causing the reset lifting rod to drive the entire transparent experimental chamber to reset.

7. The experimental method for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under variable gravity environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strain gauge assembly includes at least two strain gauges, each of which is attached to a different spatial position on the surface of the barrier assembly to sense the impact force at different spatial positions.

8. The experimental method for simulating the entire process of rheological impact of soil and rock particles under variable gravity environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the rheological impact motion of the soil and rock particles, images of the motion process of the soil and rock particles are captured by a camera.

Images