A method for testing the waterproofing of sealant in prefabricated buildings

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for testing the waterproofing of sealant in prefabricated buildings, comprising the following steps: setting up a testing device at the sealant to be tested; adjusting the position of the testing device so that the loading roller is located in the middle of the joint; adjusting the telescopic adjustment rod so that the loading roller contacts the sealant, and then continuing to press down a distance w; the loading roller rolls along the sealant, and a load testing instrument collects the reaction force from the sealant; repairing any cracked or detached parts of the sealant, and marking and evaluating any parts with abnormal reaction force values. This application applies a displacement load perpendicular to the joint to the sealant through the testing device, causing the sealant to be subjected to bending and shearing actions, resulting in tensile deformation, achieving an effect equivalent to the stretching of the sealant caused by actual building joint movement, thereby verifying the waterproofing quality of the sealant on site. This testing method is quick, convenient, and inexpensive, and can perform full-coverage on-site testing of building sealant waterproofing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterproofing testing technology for prefabricated buildings, and more particularly to a method for testing the waterproofing of sealant in prefabricated buildings. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated buildings have numerous seams, and the waterproofing quality of these seams directly impacts the building's long-term usability. The main method for waterproofing these seams in prefabricated buildings combines two layers of sealant (internal and external) with tongue-and-groove joint waterproofing. The outermost sealant joint, acting as the first line of defense, has a significant impact on the waterproofing of prefabricated buildings. However, the quality of sealant waterproofing is affected by many factors, making on-site waterproofing testing of the sealant crucial for ensuring the building's long-term performance. When the sealant is in service within a prefabricated building, its condition is difficult to assess. Since the sealant's lifespan cannot match that of the prefabricated building, accurately assessing its aging state is essential for maintaining the building's performance.

[0003] Current waterproofing testing methods primarily involve on-site water spray tests. This involves using a pressurized water pump to deliver water to spray pipes attached to the outside of the building envelope, creating a water curtain. Any leaks at the joints are treated and then inspected again. However, this method has drawbacks: it cannot determine the cause of the leak, affecting waterproofing repairs; and it cannot perform 100% joint waterproofing testing, only partial testing of the sealant's waterproofing through probability sampling. However, sealants are widely used in prefabricated buildings, and even a small percentage of sealant failure will inevitably lead to building leaks.

[0004] Therefore, further research is needed on the on-site waterproofing testing methods for sealants used in prefabricated buildings during both the construction and maintenance phases. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the current technology for testing the waterproofing of sealants, this application provides a method for testing the waterproofing of sealants in prefabricated buildings. This method enables rapid on-site testing of sealant waterproofing, is simple to operate, and has low cost. It provides full-coverage on-site testing of sealant waterproofing, identifies sealant waterproofing leaks, and provides analysis and prediction of the causes, thereby ensuring accurate repair and achieving the goal of maintaining the long-term stability of the waterproofing performance of prefabricated buildings.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention includes the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for testing the waterproofing of sealant in prefabricated buildings, wherein sealant is applied to the joints of the prefabricated buildings and a backing is provided on the back of the sealant, and the method for testing the waterproofing of sealant in prefabricated buildings includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Set up a testing device at the sealant to be tested. The testing device includes a load testing instrument, auxiliary supports and pulleys, a telescopic adjustment rod and a loading roller. The load testing instrument is supported on the walls on both sides of the joint by several auxiliary supports and pulleys. One end of the telescopic adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the load testing instrument, and the other end is connected to the loading roller. The loading roller faces the joint.

[0009] Step 2: Adjust the position of the detection device so that the loading roller is in the middle of the seam. Adjust the telescopic adjustment rod so that the loading roller contacts the sealant, and then continue to press down a distance w, where w is a set value.

[0010] Step 3: Move the detection device along the length of the joint, roll the loading roller along the sealant, and the load detection instrument collects the reaction force F received by the loading roller;

[0011] Step 4: During the rolling of the loading roller along the sealant, repair any cracked or detached parts of the sealant, and mark and evaluate any parts with abnormal reaction force values ​​F.

[0012] Furthermore, the sealant used in steps one through four is a sealant in its unaged stage. When the sealant is in the maintenance and use stage, the waterproofing test method for prefabricated building sealant also includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 5: Repeat steps 1 to 4 to collect the reaction force F' of the loading roller during the maintenance and use phase. Repair any cracked or detached parts of the sealant and focus on monitoring the data at the points marked in step 4.

[0014] Step Six: Calculate the elastic modulus E1 measured during the pre-aging stage of the sealant and the elastic modulus E1' measured during the maintenance and use stage of the sealant. When E1' / E1 > m, replace the sealant at the corresponding location, where m is a set value.

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] Where G is the shear modulus of the sealant, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sealant, b is the width of the loading roller, a is half the difference between the joint width and the loading roller width; l is the width of the sealant in the unaged stage, k is the shear factor, I1 is the moment of inertia of the sealant section, E2 is the elastic modulus of the backing material, I2 is the moment of inertia of the backing material section, and l' is the width of the sealant in the maintenance and use stage.

[0018] further,

[0019] Where Δ is the elongation of the sealant to be tested, and l1 is the joint width.

[0020] Furthermore, when the roller width is half the joint width and the sealant thickness is half the joint width, then:

[0021]

[0022] This invention, by employing the above technical solution, possesses the following advantages and positive effects compared to existing technologies: This application applies a displacement load perpendicular to the joint to the sealant using a testing device, subjecting the sealant to bending and shearing forces, resulting in tensile deformation. This achieves an effect equivalent to the stretching of the sealant caused by actual building joint movement, thereby verifying the waterproofing quality of the sealant on-site. This testing method is quick, convenient, and cost-effective, enabling full-coverage on-site testing of building sealant waterproofing, identifying sealant waterproofing leaks, providing analysis and prediction of their causes, and assessing the aging state of the sealant during maintenance and use, thus ensuring accurate repair and maintaining the long-term stability of the waterproofing performance of prefabricated buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a testing device to perform waterproof testing on the sealant of prefabricated buildings in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the sealant under stress in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The numbers in the diagram are as follows:

[0026] 1 is sealant; 2 is backing; 3 is testing device; 3-1 is loading roller; 3-2 is telescopic adjustment rod; 3-3 is load testing instrument; 3-4 is auxiliary support and pulley. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a method for testing the waterproofing of sealant in prefabricated buildings according to the present invention. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, sealant 1 is provided in the joints of the prefabricated building, and a backing 2 is provided on the back of the sealant 1. A detection device 3 is used for detection. The detection device 3 includes a load testing instrument 3-3, auxiliary supports and pulleys 3-4, a telescopic adjustment rod 3-2, and a loading roller 3-1. The load testing instrument has several auxiliary supports and pulleys at its bottom for support. One end of the telescopic adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the load testing instrument, and the other end is connected to the loading roller. The telescopic adjustment rod can be a hydraulic rod, an electric push rod, or it can be manually operated through a sleeve. The load testing instrument is used to collect the reaction force of the sealant when the loading roller presses down on it.

[0029] The waterproofing testing method for prefabricated building sealant provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Set up a testing device at the sealant to be tested. The testing instrument is supported on the walls on both sides of the joint by several auxiliary brackets and pulleys, with the loading rollers facing the joint.

[0031] Step 2: Adjust the position of the detection device so that the loading roller is in the middle of the seam. Adjust the telescopic adjustment rod so that the loading roller contacts the sealant, and then continue to press down a distance w, where w is a set value.

[0032] Step 3: Move the detection device along the length of the joint, roll the loading roller along the sealant, and the load detection instrument collects the reaction force F received by the loading roller;

[0033] Step 4: As the loading roller rolls along the sealant, repair any cracked or detached sections of the sealant, and mark and assess any abnormal reaction force values ​​(F). When the sealant on-site fails to meet the set inspection requirements, adhesive or cohesive failure may occur, resulting in visible tears, gaps, or detachment. Immediate repair should be carried out based on the damage characteristics. Assess the marked areas. For locations that do not require immediate treatment after assessment, record and archive the roller dimensions, applied displacement (w), load value (F), and ambient temperature for later targeted testing and assessment of the sealant's aging condition.

[0034] When the sealant on site shows no obvious signs of damage under inspection requirements, but the load value fluctuates beyond the error range, an on-site assessment is conducted based on the specific location indicated by the number of roller rotations, combined with the correlation between the load value and the cause under this method. The correlation is as follows:

[0035] Possible causes of high load values ​​include aging and hardening of the sealant, excessively narrow joints, excessively thick sealant, and improper selection of sealant.

[0036] The low load value may be caused by insufficient hardness of the sealant, excessively thin sealant, insufficient restraint, or poor adhesion between the sealant and the substrate.

[0037] Figure 2 Showing Figure 1 A simplified diagram of the sealant's stress is shown. The sealant and the joint are simplified as a simply supported structure, abstracted as a deep beam constrained by simple support. The deep beam consists of sealant and backing material. The force of the loading roller is borne by the sealant and backing material. The load of the loading roller on the sealant is simplified as a uniformly distributed load with a length of b and a distance from both ends of the support. The deflection deformation at mid-span includes deformation caused by bending and shearing forces. The corresponding tensile elongation of the sealant can be calculated, and the external load value corresponding to the specified elongation of the sealant can also be derived in reverse.

[0038] The mid-span deflection w of the sealant satisfies the following relationship with the applied out-of-plane load F:

[0039] w = w M +w V ;

[0040]

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] Then there is,

[0044]

[0045] Among them, w M and w V F represents the mid-span deflection caused by bending and shear deformation, F represents the load value, F1 represents the load value distributed by the sealant, G represents the shear modulus of the sealant, A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the sealant, b represents the width of the loading roller, a represents half of the difference between the joint width and the loading roller width; l represents the width of the sealant in the unaged stage, which is consistent with the joint width at the time of measurement, k represents the shear factor, I1 represents the cross-sectional moment of inertia of the sealant, E1 represents the elastic modulus detected in the unaged stage of the sealant, E2 represents the elastic modulus of the backing material, and I2 represents the cross-sectional moment of inertia of the backing material.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, the sealant used in steps one through four is a sealant in its non-aging stage. The non-aging stage refers to a stage where the sealant's service life is less than a set value after the initial strength requirement is met, such as within one month of application. For sealant in its maintenance stage, meaning it has been used for a longer period and is in its normal aging stage, the prefabricated building sealant waterproofing testing method further includes the following steps:

[0047] Step 5: Repeat steps 1 to 4 to collect the reaction force F' of the loading roller during the maintenance and use phase. Repair any cracked or detached parts of the sealant and focus on monitoring the data at the points marked in step 4.

[0048] Step Six: Calculate the elastic modulus E1 measured during the pre-aging stage of the sealant and the elastic modulus E1' measured during the maintenance and use stage of the sealant. When E1' / E1 > m, replace the sealant at the corresponding location, where m is a set value.

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] Where G is the shear modulus of the sealant, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the sealant, b is the width of the loading roller, and a is half the difference between the joint width and the loading roller width; l is the width of the sealant in the unaged stage, consistent with the joint width measured in the unaged stage; k is the shear factor; I1 is the moment of inertia of the sealant section; E2 is the elastic modulus of the backing material; I2 is the moment of inertia of the backing material section; and l' is the width of the sealant in the maintenance and use stage, consistent with the joint width measured in the maintenance and use stage. Due to different time points, the joint size will vary due to various factors such as ambient temperature and material creep.

[0052] Furthermore, when the roller width is half the joint width and the sealant thickness is half the joint width, then:

[0053]

[0054] further, Where Δ is the elongation of the sealant to be tested, and l1 is the joint width.

[0055] In one specific embodiment, the roller width is half the width of the seam, and the roller diameter does not exceed five times the width of the seam. The roller applies the load along the center of the seam, and an auxiliary sliding bracket ensures vertical loading.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, the detection device rolls at a constant speed along the seam to be measured, and the equipment automatically records the number of rolls and the corresponding load value for displacement. When the load value shows a significant abnormality, the equipment emits an audible signal to alert the tester to observe the markings promptly.

[0057] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for testing the waterproofing of sealant in prefabricated buildings, wherein sealant is provided in the joints of the prefabricated buildings, and a backing is provided on the back of the sealant, characterized in that... The method for testing the waterproofing of prefabricated building sealant includes the following steps: Step 1: Set up a testing device at the sealant to be tested. The testing device includes a load testing instrument, auxiliary supports and pulleys, a telescopic adjustment rod and a loading roller. The load testing instrument is supported on the walls on both sides of the joint by several auxiliary supports and pulleys. One end of the telescopic adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the load testing instrument, and the other end is connected to the loading roller. The loading roller faces the joint. Step 2: Adjust the position of the detection device so that the loading roller is in the middle of the seam. Adjust the telescopic adjustment rod so that the loading roller contacts the sealant, and then continue to press down. w ,in w Set value; ， in, To set the sealant elongation for testing, This refers to the width of the seam. Step 3: Move the detection device along the length of the joint, and roll the loading roller along the sealant. The load testing instrument collects the reaction force value of the loading roller. F ; Step 4: During the rolling of the loading roller along the sealant, repair any cracked or detached sections of the sealant and adjust the reaction force value. F Identify and assess any abnormalities; The sealant used in steps one through four is a pre-aged sealant. When the sealant is in the maintenance and use stage, the waterproofing test method for prefabricated building sealant also includes the following steps: Step 5: Repeat steps 1 to 4 to collect the reaction force values ​​of the loading rollers during the maintenance and use phase. Repair any cracked or detached sealant areas and closely monitor the data at the points marked in step four. Step Six: Calculate the elastic modulus E1 measured during the pre-aging stage of the sealant and the elastic modulus measured during the maintenance and use stage of the sealant. ,when When necessary, replace the sealant at the corresponding location. m For the set value, where, ， ， in, G For the shear modulus of the sealant, A The cross-sectional area of ​​the sealant. b To load the scroll wheel width, a It is half the difference between the seam width and the loading roller width; l The width of the sealant before it ages. k Shearing factor I 1 represents the moment of inertia of the sealant section. E 2 represents the elastic modulus of the backing material. I 2 represents the moment of inertia of the backing material. To maintain the width of the sealant during the usage phase.

2. The method for testing the waterproofing of prefabricated building sealant as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the roller width is half the joint width and the sealant thickness is half the joint width, then: 。

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