A method for analyzing the environmental impact effect of blasting vibration

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of blasting vibration environmental impact effect analysis methods, comprising steps (1) determining the position and quantity of monitoring point, record blasting parameter, determine the blast center distance of to-be-measured area, determine the initial geological parameter of to-be-measured area;(2) according to blast center distance, carry out two-point interpolation point distribution, and set vibration sensor monitoring equipment in point distribution position, vibration sensor monitoring equipment is connected with data acquisition instrument, implement blasting operation;(3) vibration real-time data is filtered and continuously transformed;(4) retest geological parameter;(5) calculate and obtain environmental vibration level influence intensity;(6) calculate blasting vibration time-domain particle vibration energy;(7) evaluate the rationality of blasting parameter;(8) input database;The present application comprehensively and accurately reflects the vibration influence and environmental impact effect situation generated by blasting operation, guides blasting design, and provides strong support for more delicate blasting operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of blasting engineering and geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration. Background Technology

[0002] In mining and geotechnical engineering sites, blasting operations are often necessary to ensure smooth rock mass control and mining production. These operations inevitably have environmental impacts. To protect the ecological environment, the Urban Area Environmental Vibration Standard GB10070 clearly defines environmental vibration issues for various areas, with judgment standards differing from the Blasting Safety Regulations GB6722. To ensure production operations while avoiding substantial environmental impacts from blasting vibrations, more precise monitoring and analysis of blasting vibrations are needed to better optimize blasting design schemes. Traditional methods for monitoring the impact of blasting vibrations primarily involve setting up monitoring points and using ground vibration meters and other equipment for real-time monitoring. The monitoring results are then processed and analyzed using empirical formulas to assess the environmental impact of blasting operations. However, this method has limitations. It does not consider changes in other geological parameters and the impact of blasting vibrations; it relies on generalized empirical analysis methods, which are unsuitable for complex geological conditions and lack reliable environmental impact analysis for the adopted blasting schemes.

[0003] Chinese patent CN 114739246 A discloses a blasting method to reduce blasting vibration. First, it acquires the vibration signal of a tunnel blasting; then, it denoises the vibration signal using discrete wavelet transform to obtain a low-frequency vibration signal; it extracts the maximum dominant frequency of the low-frequency vibration signal; and calculates the peak particle velocity corresponding to the maximum dominant frequency; it determines whether the peak particle velocity is less than a threshold range; if so, it increases the ratio of explosive charge to blasting delay, continues blasting, and returns to the acquisition of the tunnel blasting vibration signal; otherwise, it stops blasting. This method is not affected by regional influences or noise-related issues in existing methods and can minimize the impact of blasting-induced vibration. However, this patent only addresses blasting vibration, and operations such as increasing the explosive charge can have environmental impacts, thus it has limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration. While analyzing the vibration effects, it also considers the environmental impact. Simultaneously, it establishes a database of geological parameter variations, blasting vibration intensity, and time-domain particle vibration energy. This database facilitates deep learning and pattern analysis of the monitoring data using machine learning algorithms and neural network algorithms, comprehensively and accurately reflecting the vibration and environmental impact effects of blasting operations. This provides guidance for blasting design and strong support for more precise blasting operations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Before blasting operations, determine the location and number of monitoring points, record blasting parameters, determine the blast center distance of the area to be tested, and determine the initial geological parameters of the area to be tested;

[0008] (2) Based on the monitoring points, take the stress concentration point of the test area on the vibration-facing surface as the base point, and make a two-part interpolation layout according to the distance between the blast center and the monitoring points. Set up vibration sensor monitoring equipment at the layout points, connect the vibration sensor monitoring equipment to the data acquisition instrument, and carry out blasting operations.

[0009] (3) The real-time vibration data monitored by each vibration sensor is extracted by the data acquisition instrument and then filtered and continuously transformed.

[0010] (4) Based on the geological parameter measuring points before blasting, the geological parameters were re-measured to obtain the number of geological parameter changes;

[0011] (5) The intensity of the environmental vibration level influence was calculated;

[0012] (6) Calculate the time-domain particle vibration energy of blasting vibration;

[0013] (7) The theoretical blasting parameters are obtained by inversion based on the Sachs formula and instantaneous vibration velocity. Combined with the geological parameter variation number, the actual engineering usage is compared to evaluate the rationality of the blasting parameters.

[0014] (8) The calculated geological parameter changes, vibration intensity and time-domain vibration energy are entered into the database as basic data for machine learning.

[0015] Furthermore, the initial geological parameters of the area to be tested include rock mass integrity coefficient, longitudinal wave velocity, and saturated electrical conductivity.

[0016] Furthermore, the bisection interpolation point locations are 1 / 2 explosion center distance ±2m, 1 / 4 explosion center distance ±2m, 1 / 8 explosion center distance ±2m, 1 / 16 explosion center distance ±2m, 1 / 32 explosion center distance ±2m, and so on.

[0017] Furthermore, the number of geological parameter changes is calculated using the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, D C This represents the changes in geological parameters before and after the blasting.

[0020] D1 represents the initial geological parameters of the area to be tested;

[0021] D2 represents the geological re-survey parameters after the blasting.

[0022] Furthermore, the intensity of the environmental vibration level influence is calculated using the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, V A Instantaneous vibration level influence intensity, unit dB;

[0025] E represents the instantaneous energy of the particle obtained after vibrational spectral transformation, in J.

[0026] γ is a normalized parameter for unit mass, with a value range of (0,2], and the unit is kg. -1 ;

[0027] t represents time, in seconds (s).

[0028] a0 is the baseline acceleration, in m·s². -2 Take 10⁻⁶ m·s -2 ;

[0029] N is the strength coefficient, with a value range of (18, 20).

[0030] Furthermore, the time-domain particle vibration energy of the blasting vibration is calculated using the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, E t The energy of the time-domain blasting vibration is expressed in J.

[0033] t i Let i be each time point in the time domain, in seconds, i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0034] The average vibrational velocity of the particle in each time domain, in m·s. -1 , i = 1, 2, ..., n.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] 1) While analyzing the impact of vibration, we also consider the impact of the blasting environment. At the same time, we establish a database of geological parameter changes, blasting vibration impact intensity, and blasting vibration time-domain particle vibration energy. The obtained database is more convenient to use machine learning algorithms, neural network algorithms, and other means to conduct deep learning and pattern analysis on the monitoring data.

[0037] 2) It comprehensively and accurately reflects the vibration and environmental impact effects of blasting operations, guides blasting design, and provides strong support for more precise blasting operations;

[0038] 3) Effectively improve the scientific nature and reference value of monitoring data, making an important contribution to environmental management and social stability of blasting operations. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the binary interpolation monitoring points described in this invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the result after filtering and transforming the real-time vibration data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration level intensity time history curve relationship in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the result after filtering and transforming the real-time vibration data according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration level intensity time history curve relationship in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a time-domain schematic diagram of the blasting vibration energy in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1. Location of the explosion center; 2. Location of the bisection interpolation points; 3. The area to be measured; 4. Stress concentration points in the area to be measured. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0048] See Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. The present invention provides a method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration, comprising the following steps:

[0049] (1) Before blasting operations, a monitoring plan is formulated, the location and number of monitoring points are determined, blasting parameters are recorded, the blast center distance R of the area to be tested is determined, and the initial geological parameters D1 of the area to be tested are determined. The geological parameters include, but are not limited to, rock mass integrity coefficient, longitudinal velocity wave velocity, and saturated electrical conductivity.

[0050] (2) See Figure 2 The test area 3 has a stress concentration point 4 on the vibration-facing surface. Based on the stress concentration point 4 and the blast center position 1, the blast center distance R is divided into two interpolation points. The two interpolation point positions 2 are 1 / 2R±2m, 1 / 4R±2m, 1 / 8R±2m, 1 / 16R±2m, 1 / 32R±2m, and so on. Vibration sensor monitoring devices are set at the two interpolation point positions 2 respectively. The vibration sensor monitoring devices are connected to the data acquisition instrument to carry out the blasting operation.

[0051] (3) The real-time vibration data monitored by each vibration sensor is extracted by the data acquisition instrument and filtered and continuously transformed by the programming calculation software.

[0052] (4) Based on the geological parameter measurement points before blasting, the geological parameter D2 is obtained by re-measuring the geological parameters, and the change number D of the geological parameter is calculated. C The formula is as follows;

[0053]

[0054] Among them, D C This represents the changes in geological parameters before and after the blasting.

[0055] D1 represents the initial geological parameters of the area to be tested;

[0056] D2 represents the geological re-survey parameters after the blasting.

[0057] D C The requirement is within the range of 0% to 5%.

[0058] (5) The environmental vibration level influence intensity V was calculated. A The formula is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, V A Instantaneous vibration level influence intensity, unit dB;

[0061] E represents the instantaneous energy of the particle obtained after vibrational spectral transformation, in J.

[0062] γ is a normalized parameter for unit mass, with a value range of (0,2], and the unit is kg. -1 ;

[0063] t represents time, in seconds (s).

[0064] a0 is the baseline acceleration, in m·s². -2 Take 10⁻⁶ m·s -2 ;

[0065] N is the strength coefficient, with a value range of (18, 20).

[0066] (6) Calculate the time-domain particle vibration energy E of the blasting vibration. t The formula is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, E t The energy of the time-domain blasting vibration is expressed in J.

[0069] t i Let i be each time point in the time domain, in seconds, i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0070] The average vibrational velocity of the particle in each time domain, in m·s. -1 , i = 1, 2, ..., n.

[0071] (7) Integrate the average vibration velocity, based on the vibration energy E t Distribution time domain interval and Sachs formula for instantaneous vibration velocity v i Inversion is performed to obtain theoretical blasting parameters, including the amount of explosive used in the blasting operation and the blasting distance, combined with the geological parameter variation number D. C The blasting parameters are compared with the actual amount used in the project to evaluate their rationality.

[0072] (8) The calculated geological parameter changes, vibration intensity and time-domain vibration energy are entered into the database as basic data for machine learning.

[0073] The following embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, providing detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the following embodiments are conventional methods.

[0074]

Example 1

[0075] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration includes the following steps:

[0076] (1) Before the blasting operation, a monitoring plan was formulated, the location and number of monitoring points were determined, blasting parameters were recorded, the blast center distance of the area to be monitored was determined to be 600m, the point-to-point P-wave velocity was used as the initial geological parameter, and the point-to-point P-wave velocity before the blasting operation was recorded as D1, in m / s. The recorded data are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1

[0078] Test1 Test2 Test3 6530 6530 6545

[0079] The average of the three test results was calculated as the D1 record value, which is 6535 m / s.

[0080] (2) The stress concentration point 4 of the test area 3 is located on the vibration surface. Based on the stress concentration point 4 of the test area and the blast center position 1, the blast center distance R is divided into two interpolation points. The blast center distance is 600m. The two interpolation point positions 2 are 300m, 150m, 75m, 37.5m and 18.5m away from the blast center position 1, respectively. TC4850 vibration sensors are installed at each point, and the monitoring equipment is connected to the data acquisition instrument to carry out the blasting operation.

[0081] (3) The vibration data monitored by each sensor in real time is extracted using a data acquisition instrument. The vibration data is then filtered and continuously transformed using VNCMD and EDM methods to obtain the spectrogram and corresponding extreme values. The filtering and transformation results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0082] (4) Based on the geological parameters before blasting, the point-to-point longitudinal wave velocity D2 was obtained by re-measuring the location of the measuring points. The unit is m / s, as shown in Table 2. The average value of the three test results was calculated as the recorded value of D2, which is 6531.67 m / s.

[0083] Table 2

[0084] Test1 Test2 Test3 6535 6520 6540

[0085] According to the formula for the number of geological parameter changes

[0086]

[0087] (5) The environmental vibration level influence intensity V was calculated. A ,

[0088]

[0089] Among them, V A Instantaneous vibration level influence intensity, unit dB;

[0090] E represents the instantaneous energy of the particle obtained after vibrational spectral transformation, in J.

[0091] γ is a normalized parameter per unit mass, γ = 2kg -1 ;

[0092] t represents time, in seconds (s).

[0093] a0 is the baseline acceleration, in m·s². -2 Take 10⁻⁶ m·s -2 ;

[0094] N is the strength coefficient, N = 20;

[0095] Plot the time history curves of vibration level and intensity, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the instantaneous vibration level intensity can be determined.

[0096] (6) Calculate the time-domain particle vibration energy E of the blasting vibration. t ,

[0097]

[0098] Among them, E t The energy of the time-domain blasting vibration is expressed in J.

[0099] t i Let i be each time point in the time domain, in seconds, i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0100] The average vibrational velocity of the particle in each time domain, in m·s. -1 , i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0101] Based on the transformed data, the energy in the 10-200Hz frequency band is 0.4203J.

[0102] (7) Integrating the average vibration velocity yields the vibration velocity v. i According to the Sachs formula, the instantaneous vibration velocity v i The inversion yielded a blast center distance of 598.2 m. The difference between the inversion result and the actual distance was less than 1%. Combined with the geological parameter variation number Dc of 0.031, which is less than 5%, it indicates that the blasting vibration had little impact on the area under test. After removing the error limit, the blasting parameter design was deemed reasonable.

[0103] (8) The calculated geological parameter changes, vibration intensity and time-domain vibration energy are entered into the database as basic data for machine learning. At the same time, the specific data of blasting operations and the working environment are matched to improve the robustness of the system analysis process.

[0104]

Example 2

[0105] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, a method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration includes the following steps:

[0106] (1) Before the blasting operation, a monitoring plan was formulated, the location and number of monitoring points were determined, blasting parameters were recorded, the blast center distance of the test area was determined to be 1000m, and the water saturation conductivity of the test area was used as the initial geological parameter. The recorded data are shown in Table 3.

[0107] Table 1

[0108] Test1 Test2 Test3 0.1 0.1 0.1

[0109] The average of the three test results is calculated as the D1 record value, which is 0.1.

[0110] (2) The stress concentration point 4 of the test area 3 is located on the vibration surface. Based on the stress concentration point 4 of the test area and the blast center position 1, the blast center distance R is divided into two interpolation points. The blast center distance is 600m. The two interpolation point positions 2 are 500m, 250m, 125m, 63m, 30m and 15m away from the blast center position 1, respectively. The iSV-320 vibration monitoring equipment is installed. The monitoring equipment is an integrated design and does not require connection of sensors and data acquisition devices to carry out blasting operations.

[0111] (3) The vibration data monitored by each sensor in real time is extracted using a data acquisition instrument. The data is then processed using VMD and Fourier continuous transform. The filtering and transformation results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0112] (4) D2 was obtained by re-measuring the geological parameters measured at the points before blasting, as shown in Table 4. The average value of the three test results was calculated as the recorded value of D2, which was 0.1.

[0113] Table 4

[0114] Test1 Test2 Test3 0.1 0.1 0.1

[0115] According to the formula for the number of geological parameter changes

[0116]

[0117] (5) The environmental vibration level influence intensity V was calculated. A ,

[0118]

[0119] Among them, V A Instantaneous vibration level influence intensity, unit dB;

[0120] E represents the instantaneous energy of the particle obtained after vibrational spectral transformation, in J.

[0121] γ is a normalized parameter per unit mass, γ = 1 kg-1 ;

[0122] t represents time, in seconds (s).

[0123] a0 is the baseline acceleration, in m·s². -2 Take 10⁻⁶ m·s -2 ;

[0124] N is the strength coefficient, N = 20.

[0125] The relationship between vibration level and intensity time history curves is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the intensity of the peak vibration level is 100dB.

[0126] (6) Calculate the time-domain particle vibration energy E of the blasting vibration. t ,

[0127]

[0128] Among them, E t The energy of the time-domain blasting vibration is expressed in J.

[0129] t i Let i be each time point in the time domain, in seconds, i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0130] The average vibrational velocity of the particle in each time domain, in m·s. -1 , i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0131] See Figure 7 By analyzing the time-domain diagram of the blasting vibration energy, the full-time-domain blasting vibration energy can be obtained.

[0132] (7) Integrating the average vibration velocity yields the vibration velocity v. i According to the Sachs formula, instantaneous vibration v i Inversion analysis revealed that the amount of explosives used in the blasting operation was less than 1% of the actual amount used. Combined with the fact that the geological parameter change number Dc was 0, this indicates that the geological parameters of the area under test remained unchanged, and the secondary impact of the blasting operation was minimal.

[0133] (8) Input the calculated geological parameter changes, vibration intensity and time-domain vibration energy into the database.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Before blasting, determine the location and number of monitoring points, record blasting parameters, determine the blast center distance of the area to be tested, and determine the initial geological parameters of the area to be tested; (2) Based on the monitoring points, take the stress concentration point of the test area on the vibration-facing surface as the base point, and make a two-part interpolation layout according to the distance between the blast center and the monitoring points. Set up vibration sensor monitoring equipment at the layout points, connect the vibration sensor monitoring equipment to the data acquisition instrument, and carry out blasting operations. (3) The real-time vibration data monitored by each vibration sensor is extracted through the data acquisition instrument and then filtered and continuously transformed. (4) Based on the geological parameter measuring points before blasting, the geological parameters were re-measured to obtain the number of geological parameter changes; (5) The intensity of the environmental vibration level influence was calculated: （1） Among them, V A Instantaneous vibration level influence intensity, unit dB; E represents the instantaneous energy of the particle obtained after vibrational spectral transformation, in J. γ is a normalized parameter for unit mass, with a value range of (0,2], and the unit is kg. -1 ; t represents time, in seconds (s). a0 is the baseline acceleration, in m·s². -2 Take 10 -6 m·s -2 ; N is the intensity coefficient, with a value range of (18, 20]. (6) Calculate the time-domain particle vibration energy of the blasting vibration; (7) The theoretical blasting parameters are obtained by inversion based on the Sachs formula and instantaneous vibration velocity. The parameters are then compared with the actual engineering usage in combination with the geological parameter variation data to evaluate the rationality of the blasting parameters. (8) The calculated geological parameter changes, vibration intensity and time-domain vibration energy are entered into the database as basic data for machine learning.

2. The method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial geological parameters of the area to be tested include rock mass integrity coefficient, longitudinal wave velocity, and saturated electrical conductivity.

3. The method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bisection interpolation points are located at 1 / 2 explosion center distance ±2m, 1 / 4 explosion center distance ±2m, 1 / 8 explosion center distance ±2m, 1 / 16 explosion center distance ±2m, 1 / 32 explosion center distance ±2m, and so on.

4. The method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The changes in the geological parameters are calculated using the following formula: （2） Among them, D C This represents the changes in geological parameters before and after the blasting. D1 represents the initial geological parameters of the area to be tested; D2 represents the geological re-survey parameters after the blasting. D C The requirement is within the range of 0% to 5%.

5. The method for analyzing the environmental impact of blasting vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time-domain particle vibration energy of the blasting vibration is calculated using the following formula: （3） Among them, E t The energy of the time-domain blasting vibration is expressed in J. t i Let i be each time point in the time domain, in seconds, i = 1, 2, ..., n; The average vibrational velocity of the particle in each time domain, in m·s. -1 , i=1,2,……,n.

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