Vertical engine condensate collection box, collection device and collection method

Abstract

To solve the technical problem that the condensed phase particles collected by the existing engine condensed phase combustion product collecting device cannot comprehensively and truly reflect the particle state and distribution in the engine, the application provides a vertical engine condensed phase product collecting box, a collecting device and a collecting method. The vertical engine condensed phase product collecting box adopts a layered multiphase medium composed of gaseous medium, liquid medium and solid medium, can quickly cool and buffer collect the condensed phase particles, ensures that the collected condensed phase particles are not affected by the environment, and guarantees the original form. In addition to being able to collect the condensed phase particles on the inside of the engine and at a low speed, the vertical engine condensed phase product collecting box can also collect the condensed phase particles on the front of the engine at a high speed, and is more conducive to obtaining the condensed phase particles in the original state. Compared with the prior art, the condensed phase particles collected by the application can truly represent the particle state and distribution in the entire engine, and provide a theoretical basis for the true engine efficiency evaluation and design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solid / solid-liquid engine technology, and relates to a vertical engine condensation product collection box, collection device and collection method. Background Technology

[0002] Solid propellant combustion has a decisive impact on the thrust and specific impulse of solid / solid-liquid rocket engines. The combustion of composite solid propellants generates a large number of condensed-phase particles. When the aluminum content in the propellant is 10%–20%, the content of condensed-phase particles increases with increasing aluminum powder content, reaching a maximum of 34%. The particle size distribution of these condensed-phase particles significantly affects the engine's specific impulse efficiency. Studies have shown that a 1 μm increase in condensed-phase particle size reduces specific impulse by approximately 1%. Therefore, studying the formation mechanism of condensed-phase particles and exploring ways to reduce their content and size is of great significance for improving propellant formulations, reducing two-phase flow losses, and enhancing engine performance.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for collecting solid propellant combustion products are the sampler method and the closed container method. The sampler method involves placing a specially designed sampler at a specific location within the engine's combustion plume. Particles in the gas stream pass through the sampler, rapidly cooling and freezing, thus collecting the condensed phase products. The advantage of this method is its ability to collect localized condensed phase products at different combustion times and distances. However, its disadvantages include the collection device disturbing the plume and the inability to collect particles of all sizes simultaneously. The closed container method involves burning the propellant in a closed container, using a single cooling medium (such as nitrogen, water, or alcohol) to freeze the condensed phase particles. This method is simple, has high collection efficiency, and can collect a wide range of particle sizes. Numerous condensed phase product collection experiments have been conducted using this method both domestically and internationally. However, in the real high-temperature, high-pressure operating environment of an engine, the ambient temperature during propellant combustion is much higher, heat loss is less, and the velocity and temperature of accelerated particles after passing through the combustion chamber pressure and nozzle vary significantly. Therefore, the products collected by the closed container method are difficult to represent the particles in a real engine.

[0004] To achieve the collection of condensed phase particles over a large particle size range, and to make the collected condensed phase particles more similar to those in real engines, the following collection schemes have emerged in recent years: Patent document CN 113898497B discloses a solid rocket motor combustion chamber condensed particle collection device, including a solid fuel generation unit and a particle collection assembly. The solid fuel generation unit simulates the actual working environment of a solid rocket motor; the particle collection assembly uses a transfer pipe to guide some condensed particles from the convergence zone of the combustion chamber in the solid fuel generation unit to a condensation container for collection. This scheme is beneficial to obtaining a relatively realistic particle size distribution of condensed particles in the rocket motor to some extent. However, this scheme can only collect condensed particles on the inner surface with lower velocities, and cannot fully reflect the particle distribution in the overall engine condensed products. Furthermore, particles are prone to collision and deformation when passing through the transfer pipe, causing the collected condensed particles to deviate from their original state.

[0005] Patent document CN105158026 B discloses a device and method for collecting condensed-phase combustion products of gas-cooled, pollution-free propellants. By assembling a nozzle inside a solid rocket motor, all condensed-phase combustion products at the nozzle exit can be collected. However, this solution is mainly designed for small propellant charges, which differs significantly from the actual operating conditions of an engine. It lacks particle acceleration and airflow injection processes, resulting in substantial heat loss. Consequently, the collected condensed-phase combustion products cannot accurately reflect the state of particles within the engine.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an online collection device capable of collecting particles from real engines, and to use this device to systematically study the particle size distribution and combustion efficiency of solid propellant combustion products in the condensed phase of the engine, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the efficiency evaluation and design of real engines. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problem that existing engine condensed combustion product collection devices cannot comprehensively and accurately reflect the particle state and distribution within the engine, this invention provides a vertical engine condensed combustion product collection box, collection device, and collection method. The condensed particles collected using this invention can accurately represent the particle state and distribution throughout the engine, providing a theoretical basis for the efficiency evaluation and design of real engines.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is: A vertical engine condensation product collection box includes a collection container; its special feature is that: the collection container is provided with a baffle and an openable and closable baffle at the upper end, and an air inlet is provided on the upper side wall, and a multi-layer multiphase collection medium is built in; the baffle is used to support the baffle when it is opened. The upper surface of the baffle is provided with fire-resistant material; The multilayer multiphase collection medium includes an alcohol gel made of anhydrous ethanol, anhydrous ethanol, liquid nitrogen, and an inert gas, which are placed sequentially in the collection container; the liquid level of the anhydrous ethanol is higher than the upper surface of the alcohol gel; the inert gas is continuously introduced into the collection container through the air inlet from before the collection to the end of the collection. The alcohol gel is gel-like below 60°C and miscible with anhydrous ethanol above 80°C, turning into a colorless liquid.

[0009] Furthermore, the inert gas flow rate is 5 ~ 20 L / min.

[0010] Furthermore, the collection container has a multi-cell structure, with each collection cell containing the aforementioned multi-layered multiphase collection medium; different collection cells are used to collect condensed particles from the same engine at different operating times.

[0011] Furthermore, the alcohol gel is made of anhydrous ethanol and a coagulant, wherein the content of the coagulant is less than or equal to 1%.

[0012] The present invention also provides a vertical engine condensation product collection device, which is characterized in that it includes a vertical engine support and mounting unit, the aforementioned condensation product collection box, a collection box inlet and outlet unit, a collection box opening and closing control unit, a data acquisition system, a controller unit, and a gas source. The vertical engine support mounting unit is used to support and secure a vertical engine; The collection box cutting-in and cutting-out unit is used to move the corresponding collection compartment of the condensation product collection box / condensation product collection box to or out of the nozzle of the vertical engine; The collection box opening and closing control unit is used to open or close the baffle in the condensate collection box; The data acquisition system is used to collect the pressure and / or temperature inside the combustion chamber of the vertical engine; The controller unit is used to control the operation of the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit and the collection box opening / closing control unit; The gas source is used to continuously introduce inert gas into the condensate collection box.

[0013] Furthermore, the collection box cutting-in and cutting-out unit includes a first motor, a first controller, a sliding rail and a sliding table that cooperate with each other; the first controller is used to control the operation of the first motor; the first motor is used to drive the sliding table to move along the sliding rail; the sliding rail and the sliding table cooperate to move the corresponding collection grid of the condensation product collection box / condensation product collection box to or away from the nozzle outlet of the vertical engine.

[0014] Furthermore, the collection box cutting-in and cutting-out unit also includes a lifting platform, the condensed product collection box is disposed on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform is disposed on the slide.

[0015] Furthermore, the collection box opening and closing control unit includes a second motor and a second controller. The second controller is used to control the operation of the second motor. The output end of the second motor is connected to the baffle at the upper end of the condensation product collection box, and is used to drive the baffle to open or close.

[0016] Furthermore, the support and mounting height of the vertical engine support mounting unit is adjustable.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for collecting condensation products of a vertical engine using the above-mentioned vertical engine condensation product collection device, characterized in that it includes the following steps: Step 1: Mount and secure the vertical engine onto the vertical engine support mounting unit; Step 2: Install the collection container on the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit. First, add a certain amount of alcohol gel into the collection container, then add anhydrous ethanol to cover the alcohol gel, and then quickly add a certain amount of liquid nitrogen. Close the baffle at the top of the collection container, open the inert gas supply valve on the inert gas supply line connected to the air inlet on the upper side wall of the collection container to introduce inert gas into the collection container. Move the collection container to directly below the gas outlet of the vertical engine through the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit, and use the electric ignition head to remotely control the vertical engine to ignite. Step 3: Remotely monitor the pressure value in the combustion chamber of the vertical engine. When it reaches the test standard, confirm that the engine is in the stable combustion stage. The controller unit sends a command to the collection box opening and closing control unit. The collection box opening and closing control unit opens the baffle at the top of the collection container to start collecting condensed particles. After collection is completed, the controller unit sends a command to the collection box opening and closing control unit. The collection box opening and closing control unit controls the closing of the baffle to prevent the collection medium from overflowing and alcohol from burning. Step 4: After the vertical engine is shut down, the controller unit sends a command to the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit, and the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit removes the condensed product collection box. Step 5: Take out the collection medium containing condensed particles from the condensed product collection box, dilute it with anhydrous ethanol, and then heat, filter and dry it in sequence to obtain condensed particles.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The condensation product collection box of the present invention adopts a layered multiphase medium composed of gaseous medium, liquid medium and solid medium, which can rapidly cool and buffer the condensation particles, ensuring that the collected condensation particles are not affected by the environment and preserve their original morphology.

[0019] 2. The condensed phase product collection box of the present invention can replace the particle collection component in the existing vertical solid / solid-liquid engine condensed phase combustion product collection device. Compared with the existing particle collection component, the vertical engine condensed phase product collection box of the present invention can collect not only the condensed phase particles with low velocity on the inner side of the engine, but also the condensed phase particles with high velocity on the front side of the engine, and is more conducive to obtaining the condensed phase particles in their original state.

[0020] 3. The collection container in the condensation product collection box of the present invention can be made into a multi-cell structure, with multiple layers of multiphase collection medium in each collection cell. In this way, by moving the collection box, condensation particles can be collected in different collection cells at different times of operation of the same engine, thereby enabling the study of condensation particles at different times of operation of the same engine.

[0021] 4. The condensed product collection device of the present invention adopts the condensed product collection box of the present invention, and can cut into or out of the condensed product collection box as needed, and open and close the condensed product collection box, thereby enabling the online collection of combustion products of a real engine during stable operation. The collected condensed particles can truly represent the particle state and distribution in the entire engine, providing a theoretical basis for the efficiency evaluation and design of a real engine.

[0022] 5. The vertical engine support mounting unit for fixing the vertical engine in the condensation product collection device of the present invention has a height adjustment function, which allows the distance between the engine outlet and the collection box to be closer, ensuring that the collected particles are outlet particles as much as possible, rather than condensed particles that have moved for a period of time, thus further improving the authenticity of the collected particles. In addition, the vertical engine support mounting unit with height adjustment function can also adapt to the installation height required by engines of different sizes, expanding the versatility of the entire condensation product collection device.

[0023] 6. The collection box cutting-in and cutting-out unit in the condensation product collection device of the present invention further includes a lifting platform disposed between the condensation product collection box and the slide table. The lifting platform can adjust the distance between the condensation product collection box and the engine outlet, which facilitates the installation of condensation product collection boxes at different heights and facilitates the collection of condensation particles at different distances from the engine outlet.

[0024] 7. The condensation product collection device of the present invention also includes a graphite sleeve disposed in the engine. By replacing the graphite sleeve with different lengths, the position of the propellant can be adjusted, thereby obtaining particles with different residence times, meeting the collection requirements of different particle residence times, and expanding the versatility of the collection device. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural principle of the vertical engine condensation product collection box of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural principle of the vertical engine condensation product collection device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical engine support and mounting unit in the vertical engine condensation product collection device of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical engine support and mounting unit in the vertical engine condensation product collection device of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the graphite sleeve installed at the bottom of the engine combustion chamber according to the present invention. The diagram shows multiple graphite sleeves with different axial dimensions.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a particle size distribution diagram of particles collected using the vertical engine condensation product collection device of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Condensed product collection box; 11-Inert gas; 12-Liquid nitrogen; 13-Alcohol; 14-Alcohol gel; 15-Collection container; 151-Gas inlet; 16-Baffle; 2-Vertical engine support mounting unit; 21-Base; 211-Frame; 212-Tablet; 22-Upright board; 23-Upper support; 24-Upper clamp; 25-Lower support; 26-Lower clamp; 27-Vertical engine; 3-Collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit; 31-Slide rail; 32-Slide table; 4- Collection box opening and closing control unit; 5-Computer; 6-Controller Unit; 7-Gas source. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the solutions and advantages of the present invention will be clearer and easier to understand.

[0033] To ensure that the collected condensed-phase particles comprehensively and accurately reflect the particle state and distribution within the engine, this invention aims to collect combustion products from real solid / solid-liquid rocket engines. This will allow for the study of the characteristics of condensed-phase combustion products in real engines, providing fundamental support for research on combustion and agglomeration in solid / solid-liquid rocket engines. However, the combustion products of real solid / solid-liquid rocket engines are characterized by high temperature and high velocity, making it difficult to collect them while preserving the original state of the condensed-phase particles.

[0034] To this end, the present invention designs a vertical engine condensation product collection box 1, the structure of which is shown in the figure below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a collection container 15, a layered multiphase collection medium composed of gaseous, liquid and solid media disposed within the collection container 15, and an openable and closable baffle 16 disposed at the upper end of the collection container 15. The layered multiphase medium can quickly and effectively collect condensed particles without reacting with them, and can effectively buffer high-speed and high-temperature combustion products to prevent deformation of condensed particles in the combustion products due to excessive impact.

[0035] Specifically, the layered multiphase collection medium includes alcohol gel 14, alcohol 13, liquid nitrogen 12 and inert gas 11 placed sequentially in the collection container; in: Both alcohol 13 and alcohol gel 14 are used to collect condensed particles in the combustion products, and neither reacts with the condensed particles in the combustion products, thus preserving the original state of the particles. Alcohol 13 is anhydrous ethanol (i.e., a 99.5% ethanol solution), and alcohol gel 14 is made of anhydrous ethanol and a coagulant, wherein the coagulant content is less than or equal to 1%. Too high a coagulant content will result in too many impurities in the alcohol gel, affecting the purity of the subsequently collected condensed particles. Alcohol 13 should completely submerge alcohol gel 14, and their volumes can be estimated by CFD calculations; through actual verification, the preferred volume ratio of the two is 1:1. The reason why this invention uses both alcohol 13 and alcohol gel 14 to collect condensed particles is that if only alcohol 13 is used for collection, alcohol 13 is easily blown away by the high-speed combustion products, resulting in incomplete particle collection or deformation due to collisions with the wall of the collection container 15; if only alcohol gel 14 is used to collect condensed particles, not only is the collection efficiency low, but the particles are also easily deformed due to large collision forces, and there is also a safety hazard of being ignited by high-temperature combustion products. The combined collection method of alcohol and alcohol gel prevents the alcohol from being blown away by the high-speed airflow, avoids the alcohol gel from being ignited, and ensures collection efficiency. Furthermore, since both alcohol and alcohol gel collect condensed particles from the combustion products through cooling, it is required that alcohol gel 14 and alcohol 13 not be miscible during combustion product collection, but become miscible during post-processing heating. Experiments have shown that alcohol gel 14 meets the following criteria: it is solid (gel-like) below 60℃, miscible with alcohol 13 to become a colorless liquid above 80℃, and only partially dissolves to form a suspension between 60-80℃. Therefore, alcohol gel 14 and alcohol 13 do not become miscible during combustion product collection, and although the particle temperature is high during collection, the quantity and mass are very small compared to the alcohol gel, so even at high temperatures, only a very small amount of alcohol gel will dissolve. When the combustion products are collected and post-processed, if the heating temperature is higher than 80°C, the alcohol gel 14 and alcohol 13 will become miscible (the principle of miscibility is that the alcohol gel is formed by adding a coagulant to the alcohol to make it into a gel state (or gel state). When more alcohol is added and heated, the coagulant is not enough to make it into a gel state again during filtration). At this time, the alcohol gel and the condensed phase particles in the alcohol can be collected by filtration to ensure the integrity of the collected condensed phase particles.

[0036] Liquid nitrogen 12 is mainly used to rapidly cool down the high-speed, high-temperature combustion products entering the collection container 15 and to prevent condensed particles from reacting with air, thus preserving the original morphology of the condensed particles. Simultaneously, liquid nitrogen 12 also acts as a buffer for the high-speed, high-temperature combustion products. The volume of liquid nitrogen 12 can also be estimated using CFD calculations.

[0037] The inert gas 11 can be argon, helium, or nitrogen, used to buffer and slow down the high-speed, high-temperature combustion products and provide an inert atmosphere. Since liquid nitrogen evaporates and dissipates during the collection phase, and is completely eliminated in the later stages of collection, the inert gas 11 also serves to isolate the alcohol inside the collection container from air, preventing alcohol combustion. The upper sidewall of the collection container 15 has multiple air inlets 151, through which the inert gas 11 is continuously introduced until collection is complete. During collection, the inlet rate of the inert gas 11 can be monitored using a flow meter. Preferably, the inlet rate should be 5-20 L / min to provide an inert atmosphere and prevent the liquid nitrogen 12 from being blown away. The upper end of the collection container 15 extends outward to form a baffle 152, which supports the baffle 16 when it is open. The capacity of the collection container 15 is estimated using CFD calculations based on the diameter of the propellant grain in the engine.

[0038] The baffle 16 is made of stainless steel, titanium alloy, or other materials that are rust-resistant and heat-resistant, and its upper surface is covered with fire-retardant materials, such as protective coatings, aluminum foil, or high-silica phenolic materials. When the baffle 16 blocks the upper opening of the collection container 15, it not only encapsulates liquid nitrogen, alcohol, and alcohol gel within the collection container 15, but also blocks the high-temperature, high-speed combustion airflow. When the baffle 16 is opened, the combustion products of the engine enter the collection container 15 and are first buffered and decelerated by the inert gas 11, then rapidly cooled by the liquid nitrogen 12, then buffered and decelerated by the alcohol 13 and partially collected, and finally cooled and collected by the alcohol gel 14. When used independently, the vertical engine condensed product collection box 1 provided by this invention can replace the particle collection component in the existing vertical solid / solid-liquid engine condensed combustion product collection device. Compared with the existing particle collection component, the vertical engine condensed product collection box of this invention can collect not only the low-velocity condensed particles on the inner side of the engine, but also the high-velocity condensed particles on the front side of the engine, and is more conducive to obtaining the condensed particles in their original state.

[0039] Based on the condensation product collection box provided by this invention, this invention further provides a vertical engine condensation product collection device, which can realize the online collection of condensation particles from a real engine.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the vertical engine condensation product collection device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a vertical engine support and mounting unit 2 with height adjustment function, a condensation product collection box 1 of the present invention, a collection box cutting-in and cutting-out unit 3, a collection box opening and closing control unit 4, a data acquisition system, a controller unit 6, a computer 5, and a gas source 7.

[0041] The vertical engine support mounting unit 2, with height adjustment capability, is used to support and fix a vertical engine, and the mounting position of the vertical engine is adjustable in the vertical direction. For example... Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, in this embodiment, the vertical engine support mounting unit 2 includes a base 21, a vertical plate 22 disposed on the base 21, an upper support 23 and a lower support 25 disposed vertically on the vertical plate 22 and adjustable in position along the vertical direction and lockable, and an upper clamp 24 and a lower clamp 26 disposed on the upper support 23 and the lower support 25 respectively, which together fix the vertical engine 27. The base 21 is composed of a frame 211 and a platform 212; the position adjustment of the upper support 23 and the lower support 25 on the vertical plate 22 can be achieved by any existing mature method.

[0042] The condensation product collection box 1 is located below the vertical engine 27 and is used to collect the high-temperature, high-speed combustion products ejected from the vertical engine 27.

[0043] The collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit 3 is used to control the position of the condensed product collection box 1, causing it to cut in or out directly below the vertical engine nozzle outlet according to set requirements. For example... Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit 3 includes a first motor, a first controller, and a sliding rail 31 and a sliding table 32 that cooperate with each other. The condensed product collection box 1 is placed and fixed on the sliding table 32. The sliding table 32 can drive the condensed product collection box 1 on it to move along the sliding rail 31 and stop at any position on the sliding rail 31. The first controller is used to control the operation of the first motor, thereby driving the sliding table 32 to move along the sliding rail 31, so that the condensed product collection box 1 moves to / away from the nozzle outlet of the vertical engine. In other embodiments, if it is necessary to conveniently collect condensed particles at different distances from the engine outlet, a lifting platform can be added. In this case, the condensed product collection box 1 is placed and fixed on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform is installed on the sliding table. The lifting platform is used to adjust the distance of the condensed product collection box 1 from the engine outlet, and the sliding table is used to drive the lifting platform and the condensed product collection box on it to move along the sliding rail and stop at any position on the sliding rail.

[0044] The collection box opening / closing control unit 4 is used to open and close the baffle 16 at the upper opening of the condensed-phase product collection box 1. Taking a solid rocket motor as an example, its combustion process includes an ignition stage and a tailing stage. The condensed-phase particles in these two stages do not represent the actual combustion products. Therefore, the collection box opening / closing control unit 4 can open the collection box to collect condensed-phase particles during the engine's stable operation phase and close the collection box during the engine ignition and tailing stages. Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the collection box opening and closing control unit 4 includes a second motor and a second controller. The second controller is used to control the operation of the second motor. The output end of the second motor is connected to the baffle 16 at the upper end of the collection box and is used to drive the baffle 16 to open or close.

[0045] The first controller and the second controller mentioned above constitute controller unit 6. The first controller and the second controller can be two independent controllers or the same controller.

[0046] Computer 5 is used to send control commands to the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit 3 and the collection box opening / closing control unit 4, send ignition commands to the vertical engine, and monitor the pressure value in the combustion chamber of the vertical engine.

[0047] The data acquisition system is used to obtain the pressure and temperature inside the vertical engine, so as to provide a data basis for subsequent research on the effects of different pressures and temperatures on particle combustion efficiency and particle size distribution, and also to provide a basis for the opening and closing timing of the condensation product collection box 1; specifically, the data acquisition system includes a pressure transmitter (not shown in the figure), there is an opening on the inside of the engine combustion chamber, and the pressure transmitter is connected to the outside of the opening. The pressure transmitter is used to measure the pressure inside the engine and send it to the computer 5.

[0048] The method for online collection of condensed particles from a vertical engine using the vertical engine condensation product collection device of the present invention is as follows: First, the vertical engine 27 is mounted and fixed on the vertical engine support mounting unit 2; Next, the collection container 15 of the condensed product collection box 1 is installed on the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit 3. First, a certain amount of alcohol gel 14 is added into the collection container 15, then alcohol 13 is added to cover the alcohol gel 14 by at least 1 cm, and then liquid nitrogen 12 is quickly added to at least 2 cm. The baffle 16 at the top of the collection container 15 is closed, and the inert gas 11 supply valve connected to the air inlet 151 on the upper side of the collection container 15 is opened so that inert gas (such as argon) is introduced into the collection container 15 through the gas source 7. Since the baffle 16 only blocks and does not completely seal the collection container 15, part of the argon gas and its exhaust gas introduced into the collection container 15 will escape from the gap between the baffle 16 and the collection container 15 and eventually be discharged through the existing exhaust system in the laboratory. The condensed product collection box 1 is moved to the position directly below the gas outlet of the vertical engine through the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit 3, and the vertical engine is ignited remotely using an electric igniter.

[0049] Then, the pressure value in the combustion chamber of the vertical engine is remotely monitored by computer 5. When it reaches the test standard, it is confirmed that the engine is in the stable combustion stage. Computer 5 sends a command to the second controller, which controls the second motor to open the baffle 16 at the top of the collection container 15 to collect condensed particles. After collection is completed (the collection time can be set in advance, or the pressure data collected by the data acquisition system can be set to be lower than the working pressure of the vertical engine), a command is sent to the second controller. The second controller controls the second motor to close the baffle 16 at the top of the collection container 15 to prevent the collection medium from overflowing and alcohol from burning.

[0050] Next, after the vertical engine is shut down, the computer 5 sends a command to the first controller, which then controls the first motor to move out of the condensed product collection box 1.

[0051] Finally, the collection medium containing the condensed particles is taken out from the condensed product collection box 1 for post-processing, specifically by adding anhydrous ethanol for dilution, heating, and vacuum filtration and drying to obtain the condensed particles.

[0052] Furthermore, this invention also considers the different mass (weight) requirements for particle collection in vertical engines and the different residence times of particles within the engine, and designs, for example... Figure 5 The diagram shows multiple graphite sleeves of different lengths and / or different charge amounts. Figure 5 The dotted line at the top of the graphite sleeve indicates a cavity for filling propellant; different cavity sizes result in different propellant charges on the graphite sleeve. By inserting these graphite sleeves of different lengths and / or propellant charges into the bottom of the engine combustion chamber, the axial position and / or dosage of the propellant in the combustion chamber varies due to the different axial lengths and / or propellant charges of the graphite sleeves. This allows for particle collection under different residence times and / or mass requirements.

[0053] Furthermore, the collection container 15 in the condensed particle collection box 1 of this invention can be optimized into a multi-cell structure, with each collection cell containing the aforementioned multi-layered multiphase collection medium. Thus, by controlling the movement of the condensed particle collection box 1 through the collection box inlet / outlet unit 3, the combustion products of engine operating period one enter the first collection cell one, the combustion products of engine operating period two enter the second collection cell two, and so on, until the combustion products of engine operating period N enter the Nth collection cell, thereby collecting condensed particles from different engine operating periods. This allows for the study of condensed particles from the same engine operating at different times.

[0054] Technical effect experimental verification: Experimental procedure: 1. Install the engine, put alcohol gel 14 and alcohol 13 into the collection container 15 of the condensation product collection box 1, add liquid nitrogen 12, and introduce argon gas; 2. Close the baffle 16 and move the condensed product collection box 1 directly below the engine; 3. Ignite the engine and wait for stable combustion before opening baffle 16 to collect particles; 4. After collection is complete, close the baffle 16, wait for the engine to shut off, the experiment is over, and remove the condensation product collection box 1.

[0055] After the experiment: 1. The alcohol level drops by no more than 10%, effectively reducing coolant loss; 2. The alcohol gel is mixed with alcohol and heated to above 80°C to form a solution. The solution is then filtered to obtain condensed particles.

[0056] Experimental results: The above experimental results show that the collection device of the present invention has good repeatability in collection experiments and stable performance.

[0057] Figure 6 This is a particle size distribution diagram of condensed particles collected by this invention. The horizontal axis represents particle size, and the vertical axis represents particle volume fraction. In the figure, D43 and D50 are evaluation values ​​in the particle size distribution, representing the volume average particle size and the particle median.

[0058] Figure 6 This indicates that the particles collected under high pressure by this invention have higher combustion efficiency and smaller particle size, which is consistent with the actual situation of engines; furthermore, the three-peaked particle size distribution of the particles collected under high pressure by this invention is also consistent with the research theory recognized in the industry.

Claims

1. A vertical engine condensation product collection box, comprising a collection container; characterized in that: The collection container is provided with a baffle and an openable and closable baffle at the upper end, and an air inlet is provided on the upper side wall. It contains a multi-layer multiphase collection medium. The baffle is used to support the baffle when it is opened. The upper surface of the baffle is provided with fire-resistant material; The multilayer multiphase collection medium includes an alcohol gel made of anhydrous ethanol, anhydrous ethanol, liquid nitrogen, and an inert gas, which are placed sequentially in the collection container; the liquid level of the anhydrous ethanol is higher than the upper surface of the alcohol gel; the inert gas is continuously introduced into the collection container through the air inlet from before the collection to the end of the collection. The alcohol gel is gel-like below 60°C and miscible with anhydrous ethanol above 80°C, turning into a colorless liquid.

2. The vertical engine condensation product collection box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inert gas flow rate is 5 ~ 20 L / min.

3. The vertical engine condensation product collection box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection container has a multi-cell structure, with each cell containing the aforementioned multi-layered multiphase collection medium; different cells are used to collect condensed particles from the same engine at different operating times.

4. The vertical engine condensation product collection box according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The alcohol gel is made of anhydrous ethanol and a coagulant, wherein the content of the coagulant is less than or equal to 1%.

5. A vertical engine condensation product collection device, characterized in that: It includes a vertical engine support and mounting unit, a condensation product collection box as described in any one of claims 1-4, a collection box inlet and outlet unit, a collection box opening and closing control unit, a data acquisition system, a controller unit, and a gas source; The vertical engine support mounting unit is used to support and secure a vertical engine; The collection box cutting-in and cutting-out unit is used to move the corresponding collection compartment of the condensation product collection box / condensation product collection box to or out of the nozzle of the vertical engine; The collection box opening and closing control unit is used to open or close the baffle in the condensate collection box; The data acquisition system is used to collect the pressure and / or temperature inside the combustion chamber of the vertical engine; The controller unit is used to control the operation of the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit and the collection box opening / closing control unit; The gas source is used to continuously introduce inert gas into the condensate collection box.

6. The vertical engine condensation product collection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collection box cutting-in and cutting-out unit includes a first motor, a first controller, a sliding rail and a sliding table that cooperate with each other; the first controller is used to control the operation of the first motor; the first motor is used to drive the sliding table to move along the sliding rail; the sliding rail and the sliding table cooperate to move the corresponding collection grid of the condensation product collection box / condensation product collection box to or away from the nozzle outlet of the vertical engine.

7. The vertical engine condensation product collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The collection box cutting-in and cutting-out unit also includes a lifting platform, the condensed product collection box is disposed on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform is disposed on the slide.

8. The vertical engine condensation product collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collection box opening and closing control unit includes a second motor and a second controller. The second controller is used to control the operation of the second motor. The output end of the second motor is connected to the baffle at the upper end of the condensation product collection box and is used to drive the baffle to open or close.

9. The vertical engine condensation product collection device according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that: The support and mounting height of the vertical engine support unit is adjustable.

10. A method for collecting condensation products from a vertical engine using the vertical engine condensation product collection device according to any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Mount and secure the vertical engine onto the vertical engine support mounting unit; Step 2: Install the collection container on the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit. First, add a certain amount of alcohol gel into the collection container, then add anhydrous ethanol to cover the alcohol gel, and then quickly add a certain amount of liquid nitrogen. Close the baffle at the top of the collection container, open the inert gas supply valve on the inert gas supply line connected to the air inlet on the upper side wall of the collection container to introduce inert gas into the collection container. Move the collection container to directly below the gas outlet of the vertical engine through the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit, and use the electric ignition head to remotely control the vertical engine to ignite. Step 3: Remotely monitor the pressure value in the combustion chamber of the vertical engine. When it reaches the test standard, confirm that the engine is in the stable combustion stage. The controller unit sends a command to the collection box opening and closing control unit. The collection box opening and closing control unit opens the baffle at the top of the collection container to start collecting condensed particles. After collection is completed, the controller unit sends a command to the collection box opening and closing control unit. The collection box opening and closing control unit controls the closing of the baffle to prevent the collection medium from overflowing and alcohol from burning. Step 4: After the vertical engine is shut down, the controller unit sends a command to the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit, and the collection box cutting-in / cut-out unit removes the condensed product collection box. Step 5: Take out the collection medium containing condensed particles from the condensed product collection box, dilute it with anhydrous ethanol, and then heat, filter and dry it in sequence to obtain condensed particles.

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