An apparatus for determining the interfacial adhesion of a thin spray material under different topographical substrates

Abstract

The application discloses a device for measuring the interface adhesion of thin spraying materials under different base morphologies, which comprises support frames arranged at intervals left and right, a workbench arranged between the two support frames, a moving groove arranged on the opposite side of the support frame, a height-adjusting hydraulic cylinder arranged below the workbench in the moving groove, and a fastener arranged on the workbench and used for fixing a stone base; the device further comprises a polishing mechanism, a shotcreting mechanism and a pulling mechanism; the polishing mechanism, the shotcreting mechanism and the pulling mechanism all comprise a working arm, horizontal sliding grooves are arranged between the two support frames, moving bases are slidably connected in the horizontal sliding grooves, the moving bases are provided with a moving mechanism, clamping jaws for clamping the working arms are arranged on the moving bases, and the clamping jaws are provided with clamping motors. The base morphology with different gap sizes can be polished, the rock wall surface in the original state is simulated as much as possible, and errors are avoided as much as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of experimental equipment technology, specifically to a device for measuring the interfacial adhesion force of thin-sprayed materials on substrates with different morphologies. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine roadway and tunnel support, shotcrete support is widely used as an economical and effective method. However, with the increasing mechanization of excavation and the increase in excavation depth, the problems of low excavation efficiency, high dust concentration, and high rebound rate brought about by traditional shotcrete technology are becoming increasingly prominent. Thin-layer shotcrete technology, as a new type of rock support and repair technology, is gradually entering the public eye. Compared with traditional shotcrete technology, thin-layer shotcrete materials have stronger adhesion, better sealing performance, lower dust generation, and a certain ability to repair rock fissures.

[0003] The adhesion performance of thin-layer sprayed materials is a crucial standard for evaluating the support effectiveness of thin-layer spraying technology. Currently, research on the adhesion performance of thin-layer sprayed materials is mostly conducted in the laboratory, using coating adhesion testers to measure the adhesion between the sprayed material and the substrate. The substrates are often marble slabs, granite slabs, etc., and are often commercially available, pre-polished, relatively smooth rock slabs. The surface morphology of these slabs is difficult to control, which means they cannot accurately simulate the rock face at the construction site and cannot study the impact of different substrate morphologies on the adhesion ability of the thin-layer sprayed material. Furthermore, pull-out tests are mostly performed manually, increasing labor costs, and improper manual operation can introduce experimental errors. In addition, because thin-layer sprayed materials contain polymers, some of which have irritating odors, although their toxicity is low, they still pose a safety hazard to the health of laboratory personnel. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a testing device capable of polishing materials to different smoothness levels and conducting adhesion tests. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. In particular, it innovatively proposes a device for measuring the interfacial adhesion of thin-sprayed materials under different morphological substrates. It can grind the substrate morphology into different gap sizes, simulate the original rock wall as much as possible, and avoid errors as much as possible.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an apparatus for measuring the interfacial adhesion of thin-film sprayed materials under substrates with different morphologies. The apparatus includes support frames spaced apart on the left and right, a worktable between the two support frames, a movable groove for mounting the side of the worktable on the opposite side of the support frames, the vertical extension height of the movable groove being greater than the thickness of the worktable, a height-adjusting hydraulic cylinder located below the worktable within the movable groove, the height-adjusting hydraulic cylinder being used to adjust the height of the worktable, and fasteners for fixing the stone substrate on the worktable.

[0006] It also includes a grinding mechanism, a spraying mechanism, and a drawing mechanism. The grinding mechanism, the spraying mechanism, and the drawing mechanism all include working arms. The working arm of the grinding mechanism is equipped with multiple grinding wheels. The working arm of the spraying mechanism is equipped with multiple nozzles for spraying out thin sprayed material. The working arm of the drawing mechanism is equipped with multiple drawing instruments for detecting the adhesion of the thin sprayed material.

[0007] A horizontal slide groove is provided between the two support frames and located above the moving groove. A moving clamp for moving the working arm is slidably connected in the horizontal slide groove on both sides. The moving clamp includes a moving base, which is equipped with a moving mechanism. The moving base is provided with a gripper for clamping the working arm. The gripper is equipped with a clamping motor. The moving base drives the working arm to move back and forth, thereby performing grinding, spraying and pull-out testing on the stone substrate.

[0008] The shotcrete mechanism also includes a shotcrete range limiting plate, which is installed on the stone substrate during shotcrete application. The shotcrete range limiting plate has several spray holes for storing thin-film shotcrete and shaping the shotcrete.

[0009] In the above scheme: each of the two support frames is provided with a separate vertical storage groove corresponding to the grinding mechanism, the spraying mechanism, and the pulling mechanism. The bottom of each storage groove is connected to a horizontal groove. The two ends of the working arm are slidably connected in the corresponding storage groove. Each storage groove is provided with a lifting mechanism at the top. The end of the lifting mechanism is provided with an electromagnet. The ends of all working arms are provided with magnetically attracted parts that can be attracted by the electromagnet. The lifting mechanism drives the grinding mechanism, the spraying mechanism, and the pulling mechanism to move up and down in the storage groove.

[0010] The top of the horizontal slide is equipped with light emitters on both the front and rear sides corresponding to the light emitters, and the front and rear sides of the movable base are equipped with light receivers corresponding to the light emitters. When the light receivers on both the front and rear sides simultaneously receive the light from the light emitters, the movable base stops, allowing the gripper to be positioned directly below the slide. The grinding mechanism, spraying mechanism, and pulling mechanism can be fixed to the support frame via the slides, and the working arms required for different processes can be gripped and switched using electromagnets.

[0011] In the above scheme: the lifting mechanism is a lifting hydraulic cylinder, the lifting hydraulic cylinder is equipped with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, and the inlet pipe is equipped with a one-way valve;

[0012] It also includes a main control unit, the lifting drive input terminals of the lifting mechanism are all connected to the lifting drive output terminals of the main control unit, the position detection signal output terminal of the light receiver is connected to the position detection signal input terminal of the main control unit, and the movement signal input terminal of the moving mechanism is connected to the movement signal output terminal of the main control unit;

[0013] The electromagnet drive signal input terminal is connected to the main control unit drive signal output terminal, the clamping motor clamping drive input terminal is connected to the main control unit clamping drive output terminal, and the pull-out tester detection signal output terminal is connected to the main control unit detection signal input terminal. This allows for control via the main control unit, improving the equipment's automation level, making it intelligent, efficient, and with high work efficiency.

[0014] In the above scheme: a waste liquid tank is also provided below the workbench, and a drain outlet is provided on the waste liquid tank;

[0015] The working arm of the shotcrete mechanism is hollow inside, forming a liquid supply channel. Each nozzle is connected to the liquid supply channel. The working arm of the shotcrete mechanism is provided with a feed inlet for the liquid supply channel. The feed inlet is connected to a storage tank containing thin-film shotcrete material through a liquid supply pipe, thereby improving shotcrete efficiency.

[0016] In the above scheme: the bottom side of the working arm of the grinding mechanism is recessed with a notch for installing grinding wheels. All grinding wheels are installed in the notch, and all grinding wheels are equipped with splicing shafts. All splicing shafts are coaxially connected together through a splicing structure to form a series of grinding wheels. A grinding motor is installed on one side of the notch, and the output end of the grinding motor is fixed to the end of the splicing shaft on one side edge. The other side of the notch is provided with a mounting hole for installing the end of the splicing shaft on the other side edge. It is possible to use different...

[0017] In the above solution, the splicing structure includes a splined shaft and a splined sleeve respectively disposed on the splicing ends of two adjacent splicing shafts, which spline the two adjacent splicing shafts together. The splined connection allows for the rotation of the grinding wheel, reduces the number of grinding motors, simplifies the structure, and meets installation requirements.

[0018] In the above scheme: the grinding mechanism is equipped with multiple grinding wheels with different grinding tips. The grinding wheels are detachably connected to the splicing shaft. The splicing shaft has a mounting skirt protruding around its circumference. The grinding wheel has a through hole in the middle for the splicing shaft to pass through. After the grinding wheel abuts against the mounting skirt, it is fixed to the mounting skirt by mounting bolts.

[0019] The grinding mechanism's working arm is also equipped with a dust-proof spray head, which is connected to a water source. It features grinding wheels with various grinding tips to simulate rock surfaces with different gap sizes, allowing for a more comprehensive study of the adhesion variations of different morphological substrates. The dust-proof spray head minimizes dust generated during the grinding process.

[0020] In the above scheme, there are multiple spraying range limiting plates, each with a different thickness. This allows for the formation of thin sprayed materials of varying thicknesses, enabling the study of changes in the adhesion force of these materials.

[0021] In the above scheme: the number of drawing instruments is the same as the number of columns of spray holes, and the drawing mechanism is equipped with several sets of drawing units, which are used to be installed on the thin-sprayed material after forming.

[0022] In summary, the beneficial effects of this invention are: increased automation, further reduction of labor costs, and the grinding wheel installed in the experimental device can control the grinding of the sprayed substrate, enabling the preparation of surface cracks of different shapes, depths, and widths on the stone substrate, thus exploring the adhesion of the thin-sprayed material to sprayed surfaces with different morphologies. The height-adjustable hydraulic cylinder can adjust the height of the worktable, thereby moving it closer to or further away from the grinding wheel to form cracks of different depths and widths. It can also adjust the distance between the worktable and the nozzle to test the effect of the spraying distance on the adhesion of the thin-sprayed material, resulting in a more comprehensive study. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the support frame of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding wheel and the splicing shaft.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shotcrete range limiting plate.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a drawing machine.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal slide and a storage slide.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the movable base. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0033] like Figures 1-9As shown, an apparatus for measuring the interfacial adhesion of thin-film sprayed materials on substrates with different morphologies includes support frames 1 spaced apart on the left and right, with a worktable 4 positioned between the two support frames 1. A movable groove 3 is provided on the opposite side of each support frame 1 for mounting the worktable 4. The front-to-back length of the movable groove 3 matches the front-to-back length of the worktable 4, and the vertical height of the movable groove 3 is greater than the thickness of the worktable 4. A height-adjusting hydraulic cylinder is located within the movable groove 3, positioned below the worktable 4, for adjusting the height of the worktable 4. Fasteners 14, which are clamping bolts, are provided on the worktable 4 for fixing a stone substrate 13.

[0034] It also includes a grinding mechanism 8, a spraying mechanism 10, and a pulling mechanism 6. The grinding mechanism 8, the spraying mechanism 10, and the pulling mechanism 6 all include working arms. The working arm of the grinding mechanism 8 is equipped with multiple grinding wheels 9, the working arm of the spraying mechanism 10 is equipped with multiple nozzles 11 for spraying thin sprayed material, and the working arm of the pulling mechanism 6 is equipped with multiple pullers 7 for detecting the adhesion of the thin sprayed material.

[0035] A horizontal slide 2 is positioned above the moving groove 3 between two support frames 1. Moving clamps 23 for moving the working arm are slidably connected within both horizontal slides 2. Each moving clamp 23 includes a moving base 2-5. The moving base 2-5 is equipped with a moving mechanism and grippers 2-4 for clamping the working arm. The grippers 2-4 are equipped with clamping motors, which drive the working arm to move back and forth via the moving base 2-5, thereby performing grinding, spraying, and pull-out testing on the stone substrate 13. To ensure a smooth movement of the moving base 2-5, it is preferable that the horizontal slide 2 contains guide rails for guiding the moving base 2-5.

[0036] Each of the two support frames 1 has a separate vertical storage groove corresponding to the grinding mechanism 8, the spraying mechanism 10, and the pulling mechanism 6. The bottom of each storage groove is connected to the horizontal groove 2, and the two ends of the working arm are slidably connected to the corresponding storage groove. Each storage groove has a lifting mechanism 1-3 at the top. In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 1-3 is a lifting hydraulic cylinder, which is equipped with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The inlet pipe is equipped with a one-way valve 1-5. The support frame 1 has through holes 1-1 for the inlet pipe and outlet pipe wiring. The end of the lifting mechanism 1-3 is equipped with an electromagnet 1-4. The ends of all working arms are equipped with magnetically attracted parts that can be attracted by the electromagnet 1-4. The lifting mechanism 1-3 drives the grinding mechanism 8, the spraying mechanism 10, and the pulling mechanism 6 to move up and down in the storage groove, thereby storing or placing the grinding mechanism 8, the spraying mechanism 10, and the pulling mechanism 6 on the movable base of the horizontal groove 2.

[0037] To ensure the working arms can be stably placed on the movable base, light emitters 2-2 are provided on the top of the horizontal slide 2, corresponding to the front and rear sides of each storage slide. Light receivers 2-3 are provided on the front and rear sides of the movable base 2-5, corresponding to the light emitters 2-2. When the light receivers 2-3 on both the front and rear sides simultaneously receive the light from the light emitters 2-2, the movable base 2-5 stops, allowing the gripper 2-4 to be positioned directly below the storage slide. The grinding mechanism 8, the spraying mechanism 10, and the pulling mechanism 6 can be fixed to the support frame via the storage slides, and the working arms required for different processes can be gripped and switched using electromagnets 1-4, thereby enabling the processing of the stone substrate 13.

[0038] To improve automation, a main control unit 19 is also included. The lifting drive input terminals of lifting mechanisms 1-3 are all connected to the lifting drive output terminal of the main control unit 19. The position detection signal output terminal of the light receivers 2-3 is connected to the position detection signal input terminal of the main control unit 19, and the movement signal input terminal of the moving mechanism is connected to the movement signal output terminal of the main control unit 19.

[0039] The drive signal input terminals of electromagnets 1-4 are connected to the drive signal output terminal of the main control unit 19; the clamping drive input terminal of the clamping motor is connected to the clamping drive output terminal of the main control unit 19; and the detection signal output terminal of the pull-out device 7 is connected to the detection signal input terminal of the main control unit 19. This allows for control via the main control unit 19, improving the automation level of the equipment, making it intelligent, efficient, and with high work efficiency.

[0040] The bottom side of the working arm of the grinding mechanism 8 has a recessed notch for mounting grinding wheels 9. All grinding wheels 9 are installed in the notch, and all grinding wheels 9 are equipped with splicing shafts 9-3. All splicing shafts 9-3 are coaxially connected together through a splicing structure to form a series of grinding wheels 9. A grinding motor 9-1 is installed on one side of the notch, and the output end of the grinding motor 9-1 is fixed to the end of the splicing shaft 9-3 on one edge. The other side of the notch has mounting holes for mounting the end of the splicing shaft 9-3 on the other edge. It can be used with different...

[0041] The splicing structure includes: a splined shaft 9-4 at the splicing end of any one of two adjacent splicing shafts 9-3, and a recessed insertion hole at the splicing end of the other splicing shaft 9-3. An internal spline is provided within the insertion hole corresponding to the splined shaft 9-4, forming a spline sleeve. This spline sleeve is splinedly connected to the adjacent splicing shaft 9-3. In this embodiment, the left ends of all splicing shafts 9-3 are splined shafts 9-4, and the right ends are spline sleeves. A grinding motor 9-1 is embedded on the right side of the notch, and its output shaft is a splined shaft, which precisely connects to the spline sleeve of the rightmost splicing shaft 9-3. The leftmost splicing shaft 9-3 does not have a splined shaft 9-4 at its left end; instead, it is directly installed on the left side of the notch. A mounting hole for installing the end of the splicing shaft 9-3 is provided on the left side of the notch, and a rotating bearing 9-2 is installed within the mounting hole.

[0042] The grinding mechanism 8 is equipped with multiple grinding wheels 9 with different grinding tips, and the grinding wheels 9 are detachably connected to the splicing shaft 9-3. The splicing shaft 9-3 has a circumferentially protruding mounting skirt 9-5 extending from its outer edge, and the grinding wheels 9 have a through hole in the center for the splicing shaft 9-3 to pass through. After the grinding wheels 9 abut against the mounting skirt 9-5, they are fixed to the mounting skirt 9-5 by mounting bolts.

[0043] The working arm of the grinding mechanism 8 is also equipped with a dust-proof spray head 22, which is connected to a water source. Various grinding wheels 9 with different grinding tips are provided to simulate rock surfaces with different gap sizes, allowing for a more comprehensive study of the changes in adhesion to different morphological substrates. The dust-proof spray head 22 minimizes dust generated during the grinding process. A waste liquid tank 15 is located below the worktable 4, and a base 5 is provided between the two support frames 1 to hold the waste liquid tank 15. The waste liquid tank 15 has a drain port 16 to catch the liquid sprayed from the dust-proof spray head 22 and the thin spray material sprayed from the nozzle 11, thus ensuring a clean and tidy working environment.

[0044] The shotcrete mechanism 10 also includes a shotcrete range limiting plate 20, which is installed on the stone substrate 13 during shotcrete application and is also fixed to the worktable 4 by fasteners 14. The shotcrete range limiting plate 20 has several spray holes 22 for storing and shaping the shotcrete material. Multiple shotcrete range limiting plates 20 are used, each with a different thickness. This allows for the formation of shotcrete materials of varying thicknesses, enabling the study of variations in adhesion strength between different thicknesses of shotcrete material.

[0045] The working arm of the shotcrete mechanism 10 is hollow inside, forming a liquid supply channel, and each nozzle 11 is connected to the liquid supply channel. The working arm of the shotcrete mechanism 10 is provided with a feed inlet 12 for the liquid supply channel. The feed inlet 12 is connected to a liquid storage tank 17 containing thin shotcrete material through a liquid supply pipe 18, thereby improving shotcrete efficiency.

[0046] Specifically, the number of pull-out devices 7 is the same as the number of rows of spray holes 22, and the pull-out mechanism 6 is equipped with several sets of pull-out units 7-3, which are used to be installed on the thin-film sprayed material after molding. The pull-out device 7 is equipped with a nut 7-1, a motor for driving the nut 7-1 to rotate, and a screw part 7-2 threadedly connected to the nut 7-1. The bottom end of the screw part 7-2 is used to engage with the pull-out unit 7-3. In this embodiment, the pull-out device 7 is a coating adhesion tester of model HCTC-10.

[0047] The experiment was conducted using the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Prepare the thin spray material to be tested in advance, load the thin spray material into the storage tank 17, and connect the spraying mechanism 10 to the discharge port of the storage tank 17.

[0049] Step 2: Drive the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder under the worktable 4 through the main control unit to adjust the worktable 4 to the specified height, and fix the stone base 13 on the worktable 4 with fastener 14.

[0050] Step 3: The main control unit drives the movable base 2-5 of the horizontal slide 2 to move below the storage slide corresponding to the grinding mechanism 8. When the light receiver 2-3 detects the light emitter 2-2 of the storage slide corresponding to the grinding mechanism 8, the movable base 2-5 stops. The main control unit then drives the clamping motor to open the clamping jaws 2-4 and simultaneously drives the lifting mechanism 1-3 to extend. When the lifting mechanism 1-3 reaches its longest position, the main control unit drives it to disconnect the electromagnet 1-4, allowing the grinding mechanism 8 to fall onto the movable base 2-5. The main control unit then drives the clamping motor to close the clamping jaws 2-4, thus clamping the grinding mechanism 8 and completing the assembly of the grinding mechanism 8.

[0051] The main control unit drives the movable base 2-5 to move and starts the grinding motor 9-1. The grinding mechanism 8 grinds the surface cracks on the stone slab base 13. At the same time, the dust spray head 22 is turned on to spray water. After grinding is completed, the grinding mechanism 8 stops running until the rock powder on the surface of the ground base is washed away, and then the spray head 22 is closed.

[0052] Step 4: The main control unit drives the movable base 2-5 to move below the storage groove corresponding to the polishing mechanism 8. The main control unit drives the electromagnet 1-4 to attract the working arm of the polishing mechanism 8. At the same time, the main control unit drives the lifting mechanism 1-3 to move the polishing mechanism upward, thereby completing the storage of the polishing mechanism 8.

[0053] Similarly, following the previous step, the shotcrete mechanism 10 is transferred to the horizontal slide 2, and the shotcrete mechanism 10 is assembled by clamping the motor.

[0054] Step 5: Manually fix the spraying range limiting plate 20 to the upper part of the polished stone slab base 13. Start the spraying mechanism 10 and drive the moving base 2-5 to move back and forth, so that the spraying mechanism 10 moves at a uniform speed above the polished stone slab base 13. Open the nozzle 11 to spray the thin spray material evenly into the spray receiving hole 21 of the spraying range limiting plate. After the spray receiving hole 21 is completely filled, close the nozzle 11. Drive the moving base 2-5 to move the spraying mechanism 10 to the bottom of the corresponding storage groove. According to the previous step, complete the storage of the spraying mechanism 10. Manually remove the thin spray material around the spray receiving hole 21, and let the stone base, thin spray material and spraying range limiting plate stand for 3 hours to allow the thin spray material to fully adhere to the stone base.

[0055] Step 6: After 3 hours, the thin-spray material has initially solidified. Manually remove the spraying range restriction plate, taking care not to damage the formed thin-spray material. Manually and evenly apply epoxy resin to the drawing unit 7-3 and quickly connect it to the upper surface of the thin-spray material. Let it stand for 2-3 hours until the epoxy resin solidifies.

[0056] Step 7: Complete the assembly of the pulling mechanism 6 according to the operation in Step 4. Drive the moving base 2-5 through the main control unit to move the pulling mechanism 6 back and forth, so that the connecting end of the pulling device 7 is aligned with the connecting end of the first row of pulling units 7-3 below. Drive the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder through the main control unit to raise the worktable 4 and firmly connect the pulling unit 7-3 to the pulling device 7. Start the pulling device 7 through the main control unit. The pulling device 7 rotates the nut 7-1, thereby shortening the screw part 7-2 to achieve pulling. Obtain the first set of adhesion force data through the pulling device 7, and then reset the pulling device 7.

[0057] Step 8: Remove the first row of pull-out units 7-3, adjust the pull-out mechanism 6 to connect the pull-out instrument 7 with the second row of pull-out units 7-3, start the pull-out instrument 7, and obtain the second set of adhesion force data. Repeat this operation until all pull-out units 7-3 are tested.

[0058] Step 9: Turn off the equipment, clean the workbench, and dispose of the waste liquid in waste liquid tank 15.

Claims

1. An apparatus for measuring the interfacial adhesion force of thin-sprayed materials on substrates with different morphologies, characterized in that: The system includes support frames (1) spaced apart on the left and right, and a workbench (4) between the two support frames (1). A movable groove (3) for mounting the workbench (4) is provided on the opposite side of the support frame (1). The vertical extension height of the movable groove (3) is greater than the thickness of the workbench (4). A height-adjusting hydraulic cylinder is provided in the movable groove (3) located below the workbench (4). The height-adjusting hydraulic cylinder is used to adjust the height of the workbench (4). Fasteners (14) for fixing the stone base (13) are provided on the workbench (4). It also includes a grinding mechanism (8), a spraying mechanism (10), and a pulling mechanism (6). The grinding mechanism (8), the spraying mechanism (10), and the pulling mechanism (6) all include working arms. The working arm of the grinding mechanism (8) is provided with multiple grinding wheels (9). The working arm of the spraying mechanism (10) is provided with multiple nozzles (11) for spraying out thin sprayed material. The working arm of the pulling mechanism (6) is provided with multiple pullers (7) for detecting the adhesion force of the thin sprayed material. A horizontal slide groove (2) is provided between the two support frames (1) and located above the moving groove (3). A moving clamp (23) for driving the working arm to move is slidably connected in the horizontal slide groove (2) on both sides. The moving clamp (23) includes a moving base (2-5), which is equipped with a moving mechanism. The moving base (2-5) is provided with a clamp (2-4) for clamping the working arm. The clamp (2-4) is equipped with a clamping motor. The working arm is driven to move back and forth through the moving base (2-5) so as to perform grinding, spraying and pull-out tests on the stone substrate (13). The shotcrete mechanism (10) also includes a shotcrete range limiting plate (20), which is used to be installed on the stone base (13) during shotcrete. The shotcrete range limiting plate (20) has a plurality of spray holes (21) for storing thin shotcrete material and shaping the thin shotcrete material. Each of the two support frames (1) is provided with a vertical storage groove for the grinding mechanism (8), the spraying mechanism (10) and the pulling mechanism (6). The bottom of each storage groove is connected to the horizontal groove (2). The two ends of the working arm are slidably connected in the corresponding storage groove. Each storage groove is provided with a lifting mechanism (1-3) at the top. The end of the lifting mechanism (1-3) is provided with an electromagnet (1-4). The ends of all working arms are provided with magnetically attracted parts that can be attracted by the electromagnet (1-4). The grinding mechanism (8), the spraying mechanism (10) and the pulling mechanism (6) are driven to move up and down in the storage groove through the lifting mechanism (1-3). The top of the horizontal slide (2) is provided with light emitters (2-2) on both the front and back sides of each storage slide. The front and back sides of the movable base (2-5) are provided with light receivers (2-3) on both the front and back sides of the light emitters (2-2). When the light receivers (2-3) on both the front and back sides receive the light from the light emitters (2-2) at the same time, the movable base (2-5) stops, so that the gripper (2-4) can be located directly below the storage slide. The lifting mechanism (1-3) is a lifting hydraulic cylinder, which is equipped with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, and the inlet pipe is equipped with a one-way valve (1-5). It also includes a main control unit (19), the lifting drive input terminals of the lifting mechanisms (1-3) are all connected to the lifting drive output terminals of the main control unit (19), the position detection signal output terminal of the light receiver (2-3) is connected to the position detection signal input terminal of the main control unit (19), and the movement signal input terminal of the moving mechanism is connected to the movement signal output terminal of the main control unit (19). The electromagnet (1-4) drive signal input terminal is connected to the main control unit (19) drive signal output terminal, the clamping motor clamping drive input terminal is connected to the main control unit (19) clamping drive output terminal, and the pull-out instrument (7) detection signal output terminal is connected to the main control unit (19) detection signal input terminal. Below the workbench (4) is a waste liquid tank (15), and the waste liquid tank (15) is provided with a drain port (16). The working arm of the shotcrete mechanism (10) is hollow inside to form a liquid supply channel. Each nozzle (11) is connected to the liquid supply channel. The working arm of the shotcrete mechanism (10) is provided with a feed inlet (12) of the liquid supply channel. The feed inlet (12) is connected to the liquid storage tank (17) containing the thin shotcrete material through the liquid supply pipe (18). The bottom side of the working arm of the grinding mechanism (8) is recessed with a notch for installing grinding wheels (9). All grinding wheels (9) are installed in the notch, and all grinding wheels (9) are equipped with splicing shafts (9-3). All splicing shafts (9-3) are coaxially connected together through splicing structure to form a series of grinding wheels (9). A grinding motor (9-1) is installed on one side of the notch. The output end of the grinding motor (9-1) is fixed together with the end of the splicing shaft (9-3) on one side edge. The other side of the notch is provided with a mounting hole for the end of the splicing shaft (9-3) on the other side edge to be installed. The splicing structure includes a spline shaft (9-4) and a spline sleeve respectively disposed on the splicing ends of two adjacent splicing shafts (9-3), and the two adjacent splicing shafts (9-3) are splined together by the spline shaft (9-4) and the spline sleeve; The grinding mechanism (8) is equipped with multiple grinding wheels (9) with different grinding tips. The grinding wheels (9) are detachably connected to the splicing shaft (9-3). The splicing shaft (9-3) has a circumferentially protruding mounting skirt (9-5) extending outward. The grinding wheel (9) has a through hole in the middle for the splicing shaft (9-3) to pass through. After the grinding wheel (9) abuts against the mounting skirt (9-5), it is fixed to the mounting skirt (9-5) by mounting bolts. The working arm of the grinding mechanism (8) is also equipped with a dust spray head (22), which is connected to a water source. There are multiple spraying range limiting plates (20), and their thicknesses are all different.

2. The apparatus for measuring the interfacial adhesion force of thin-sprayed materials under substrates with different morphologies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the drawing instruments (7) is the same as the number of rows of the spray holes (21), and the drawing mechanism (6) is equipped with several sets of drawing units (7-3), which are used to be installed on the thin sprayed material after forming.

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