A structured light illumination mode switching device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of structural light illumination mode switching devices, comprising: spatial filter and switching device, wherein, spatial filter is fixedly arranged on the light beam path of light source, and multiple filter holes are opened on spatial filter;Switching device is arranged on the side of spatial filter away from light source, and switching device includes light-blocking structure and driving mechanism for driving light-blocking structure movement;Light-blocking structure includes multiple light-blocking pieces, and light-blocking piece is suitable for shielding at least part filter hole on spatial filter, and the position of filter hole corresponding to different light-blocking pieces is different, and driving mechanism is suitable for controlling corresponding light-blocking piece to move to the coincident position corresponding to spatial filter according to the difference of illumination mode.This structure is fixed in optical system by spatial filter, different light-blocking pieces correspond to different illumination modes, and driving mechanism is used to control the switching of multiple light-blocking pieces, without human intervention, with the advantages of automatic switching, low cost, simple operation, low adjustment difficulty and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microscopic imaging technology, and more specifically to a structured light illumination mode switching device. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional optical microscopy imaging systems are limited by the diffraction limit in terms of spatial resolution, making it impossible to observe microstructures smaller than 200 nm in the visible light band. In recent years, a series of far-field optical super-resolution microscopy methods have been proposed. Super-resolution microscopy techniques mainly include stimulated emission depletion microscopy, single-molecule localization microscopy, structured illumination microscopy (SIM), and derived nonlinear SIM, among others. These techniques have brought significant breakthroughs to biomedical research. Structured illumination super-resolution microscopy, with its advantages of high spatiotemporal resolution, three-dimensional super-resolution, and universal fluorescent dyes, has become an indispensable technique in biomedical research.

[0003] SIM uses structured illumination light to illuminate the sample to excite fluorescence information. By acquiring multiple sample images modulated by structured light of different directions and phases, a super-resolution reconstruction algorithm is finally used to obtain a super-resolution image of the sample, which improves the spatial resolution to twice that of traditional microscopic optical systems.

[0004] Traditional spatial filters typically employ a spatial aperture structure, where an opening is made at the desired gate location to allow the corresponding diffracted beam to pass through. This method is only suitable for one imaging mode; changing the imaging mode requires replacing the aperture structure. However, SIM (Super-Signal Imaging System) has extremely high requirements for the quality of the illumination beam. The diffracted beam must pass accurately through the aperture; otherwise, beam asymmetry and stray light will affect the quality of the illumination light on the sample surface, thus impacting the quality of the super-resolution image. Therefore, when switching illumination modes, users often need to manually replace the aperture structure and precisely adjust the optical path to ensure that the required diffracted beams pass accurately through the aperture. This approach leads to poor system compatibility with imaging modes, complex operation, and high adjustment difficulty. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that when it is necessary to switch the lighting mode, the user often needs to manually replace the filter aperture structure and make precise adjustments to the optical path to ensure that the required diffracted beams pass through the filter aperture accurately, which leads to poor system compatibility, complicated operation and high adjustment difficulty.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a structured light illumination mode switching device, comprising:

[0007] A spatial filter is fixedly installed in the beam path of the light source, and the spatial filter has multiple filter holes.

[0008] A switching device is disposed on the side of the spatial filter away from the light source. The switching device includes a light-blocking structure and a driving mechanism for driving the light-blocking structure to move.

[0009] The light-blocking structure includes multiple light-blocking plates, which are adapted to block at least part of the filter holes on the spatial filter. Different light-blocking plates block different filter holes. The driving mechanism is adapted to control the corresponding light-blocking plates to move to the overlapping position with the spatial filter according to different lighting modes, so as to block the filter holes at the corresponding positions and realize the switching between different lighting modes.

[0010] Optionally, the aforementioned filter aperture includes a first filter aperture formed at the center of the spatial filter plate, and a plurality of second filter apertures disposed around the outer periphery of the first filter aperture;

[0011] Multiple second filter holes are distributed sequentially on the circumference of at least two concentric circles with different radii, with the first filter hole as the center, and the second filter holes on the same circumference are evenly spaced.

[0012] The light-blocking plate is adapted to block the first filter hole and at least one second filter hole on the circumference.

[0013] Optionally, the interval angle between two adjacent second filter holes on different circumferences is the same, and the second filter holes on two adjacent circumferences are set in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0014] Optionally, the aforementioned second filter hole includes a first ring of filter holes, a second ring of filter holes, and a third ring of filter holes arranged at intervals from the inside out with the first filter hole as the center; each of the first ring of filter holes, the second ring of filter holes, and the third ring of filter holes is provided with at least two pairs of second filter holes arranged symmetrically about the center.

[0015] Optionally, the light-blocking sheet is provided with light-transmitting holes, including a first light-transmitting hole corresponding to the first filter hole and a second light-transmitting hole corresponding to the second filter hole.

[0016] Optionally, the light-blocking sheet mentioned above includes a first light-blocking sheet, which has a first light-transmitting hole and a second light-transmitting hole corresponding to the second filter hole on the second ring of filter holes, so that light can pass through the first filter hole and the second filter hole on the second ring of filter holes.

[0017] Optionally, the light-blocking structure described above includes a second light-blocking sheet, on which a second light-transmitting hole is provided;

[0018] The second light-transmitting hole on the second light-blocking plate is configured to correspond to the second filter hole on the third ring of filter holes, so that light passes through the second filter hole on the third ring of filter holes.

[0019] Optionally, the above-mentioned light-blocking structure includes a third light-blocking sheet; the third light-blocking sheet has a second light-transmitting hole;

[0020] The second light-transmitting hole on the third light-blocking plate is set to correspond to the second filter hole on the second ring of filter holes and a portion of the second filter holes in the first ring of filter holes, so that light passes through one of all the second filter holes on the second ring of filter holes and one of the portion of the second filter holes in the first ring of filter holes.

[0021] Wherein, the second filter holes on the first ring of filter holes are set to be m pairs, and the partial second filter holes are any m / 2 adjacent second filter holes in the m pairs of second filter holes.

[0022] Optionally, the aperture of the light-transmitting hole on the light-blocking sheet is larger than the aperture of the filter hole on the spatial filter sheet;

[0023] And, the aperture of the second light-transmitting hole on the light-blocking sheet is smaller than the spacing between two adjacent second filter holes;

[0024] The light-blocking structure is opposite to and spaced apart from the spatial filter.

[0025] Optionally, the filter hole on the spatial filter is a light-transmitting area, and the other areas on the spatial filter are light-blocking areas; the light-transmitting hole on the light-blocking sheet is a light-transmitting area, and the other areas on the light-blocking sheet are light-blocking areas.

[0026] The light transmittance of the light-blocking area should be less than or equal to 0.05%, and the light transmittance of the light-transmitting area should be greater than or equal to 99.5%; the aperture of the filter hole is 10-100μm, the aperture of the light-transmitting hole is 50-500μm, and the edges of the filter hole and the light-transmitting hole should be smooth and burr-free; the thickness of the spatial filter and the light-blocking sheet is set to 0.1-1mm.

[0027] Optionally, the light-blocking structure described above also includes a mounting plate, and a plurality of the light-blocking sheets are spaced apart on the mounting plate along a straight line or a circumferential direction;

[0028] The driving mechanism is connected to the mounting plate and is adapted to drive the mounting plate to move linearly or rotate, so as to move the corresponding light-blocking sheet to the position corresponding to the spatial filter sheet and block the filter hole at the corresponding position to switch different lighting modes.

[0029] Optionally, the mounting plate described above has a strip-shaped structure, and a plurality of light-blocking sheets are sequentially spaced on the mounting plate along the length direction of the mounting plate;

[0030] The drive mechanism includes a lead screw motor or a linear motor, the lead screw motor or linear motor includes a power part and a moving part that moves linearly under the drive of the power part, and one end of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the moving part;

[0031] The power unit drives the moving part to move the mounting plate, so that the corresponding light-blocking plate on the mounting plate moves to the position corresponding to the spatial filter, thereby realizing the switching between different lighting modes.

[0032] Optionally, the mounting plate described above has a circular plate structure, and a plurality of light-blocking sheets are sequentially spaced on the mounting plate along the circumferential direction of the mounting plate;

[0033] The drive mechanism includes a power component and a transmission component. The transmission component includes a drive wheel fixed on the output shaft of the power component, a driven wheel fixed at the center of the mounting plate, and a transmission belt connecting the drive wheel and the driven wheel.

[0034] The power component drives the transmission component to rotate the mounting plate, causing the corresponding light-blocking plate on the mounting plate to move to the position corresponding to the spatial filter, thereby realizing the switching between different lighting modes.

[0035] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages:

[0036] 1. This invention provides a structured light illumination mode switching device, comprising: a spatial filter and a switching device, wherein the spatial filter is fixedly disposed on the beam path of the light source, and the spatial filter has multiple filter holes; the switching device is disposed on the side of the spatial filter away from the light source, and the switching device includes a light-blocking structure and a driving mechanism for driving the light-blocking structure to move; the light-blocking structure includes multiple light-blocking plates, which are adapted to block at least some of the filter holes on the spatial filter, and the positions of the filter holes blocked by different light-blocking plates are different; the driving mechanism is adapted to control the corresponding light-blocking plates to move to the corresponding overlapping position with the spatial filter according to the different illumination modes, so as to block the filter holes at the corresponding positions to realize the switching between different illumination modes.

[0037] This structure incorporates a spatial filter and a switching device. The spatial filter is fixedly positioned along the beam path of the light source, specifically on the light-emitting side of the lens assembly. The spatial filter is a sheet-like structure with filtering holes. The switching device is located on the side of the spatial filter furthest from the light source. The switching device includes a light-blocking structure and a driving mechanism. The light-blocking structure, fixed to the driving mechanism, comprises multiple light-blocking plates, also sheet-like, with different plates corresponding to different filtering holes. The driving mechanism moves the light-blocking structure to move the different light-blocking plates to the end of the spatial filter furthest from the light source. In the direction of the optical path, the different light-blocking plates... Do not move the light-blocking plate to the position overlapping with the spatial filter. The light-blocking plate is used to block the filter holes on the spatial filter. Different light-blocking plates block different filter holes, so that light can only pass through the unblocked filter holes. Different filter holes result in different illumination modes. Therefore, different light-blocking plates correspond to different illumination modes. Compared with the traditional manual replacement of spatial filters, this application fixes the spatial filter in the optical path system and precisely adjusts the position of the spatial filter so that the diffracted beams corresponding to different illumination modes can accurately pass through the filter holes without subsequent movement and adjustment of the spatial filter, which can prevent misalignment caused by its displacement. Different light-blocking plates correspond to different illumination modes and are used to block the beams that are not needed for that illumination mode. The drive mechanism is used to control the switching of multiple light-blocking plates without human intervention. The precision and efficiency of mechanical adjustment are superior to manual adjustment, and it has the advantages of automatic switching, low cost, simple operation, low adjustment difficulty, and strong scalability.

[0038] 2. The filter aperture provided by the present invention includes a first filter aperture formed at the center of a spatial filter plate, and a plurality of second filter apertures disposed on the outer periphery of the first filter aperture; the plurality of second filter apertures are sequentially distributed on the circumference of at least two concentric circles with different radii, with the first filter aperture as the center, and the second filter apertures on the same circumference are evenly spaced; a light-blocking plate is adapted to block the first filter aperture and at least one of the second filter apertures on the circumference, or the light-blocking plate is adapted to block the first filter aperture, or the light-blocking plate is adapted to block at least one of the second filter apertures on the circumference. The interval angle between two adjacent second filter apertures on different circumferences is the same, and the second filter apertures on two adjacent circumferences are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The second filter aperture includes a first ring of filter apertures, a second ring of filter apertures, and a third ring of filter apertures arranged at intervals from the inside to the outside with the first filter aperture as the center; at least two sets of oppositely arranged second filter apertures are provided on each of the first ring of filter apertures, the second ring of filter apertures, and the third ring of filter apertures.

[0039] This structure, by setting a first light-blocking plate, a second light-blocking plate, and a third light-blocking plate, respectively corresponding to different illumination modes, ensures that the light-blocking plate corresponding to each illumination mode can guarantee that only the diffraction beam required by that mode can pass through, thus avoiding the situation where the illumination mode is incorrect and thus super-resolution cannot be achieved.

[0040] 3. In this embodiment, the filter holes on the spatial filter are light-transmitting areas, and the other areas on the spatial filter are light-blocking areas; the light-transmitting holes on the light-blocking sheet are light-transmitting areas, and the other areas on the light-blocking sheet are light-blocking areas;

[0041] The light transmittance of the light-blocking area should be less than or equal to 0.05%, and the light transmittance of the light-transmitting area should be greater than or equal to 99.5%; the aperture of the filter hole should be 10-100μm, the aperture of the light-transmitting hole should be 50-500μm, and the edges of the filter hole and the light-transmitting hole should be smooth and burr-free; the thickness of the spatial filter and the light-blocking sheet should be set to 0.1-1mm.

[0042] This structure, by incorporating light-transmitting holes, uses optical glass (0.1-1mm thick) as the spatial filter. The light-blocking and spatial filters are divided into light-blocking and light-transmitting areas. The light-transmitting areas are the light-transmitting and filtering holes, while the light-blocking areas are the areas of the spatial filter excluding the light-transmitting holes and the light-blocking sheet excluding the light-transmitting holes. The surface of the light-blocking areas is treated with a mask and ink coating to ensure that the surface transmittance is less than or equal to 0.05%, while the transmittance of the light-transmitting areas is greater than or equal to 99.5%, preventing interference light from affecting the illumination mode through the light-blocking sheet. Alternatively, the spatial filter can be made of polar-oxidized blackened aluminum alloy or other metal materials, with a thickness of 0.1mm-1mm. Through-holes are machined on this substrate, with the diameter of the filtering and light-transmitting holes ranging from 10μm to 100μm, and the edges smooth and burr-free. The thickness of the spatial filter should not be excessive to avoid scattering or blocking of the selected diffracted beam. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial filter provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial filter and light-blocking plate provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A front axle side view of the spatial filter, the light-blocking plates arranged in a straight direction, and the driving structure provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 A rear-axis side view of the spatial filter, the light-blocking plates arranged in a straight direction, and the driving structure provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 A front-axis side view of the spatial filter, the light-blocking plates arranged in the circumferential direction, and the driving structure provided for this invention;

[0049] Figure 6 A rear-axis side view of the spatial filter, the light-blocking plates arranged in the circumferential direction, and the driving structure provided for this invention;

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0051] 1-Spatial filter; 11-Filter aperture; 111-First filter aperture; 112-Second filter aperture;

[0052] 2 - Switching device; 21 - Light blocking structure; 211 - Light blocking plate; 2111 - First light blocking plate; 2112 - Second light blocking plate; 2113 - Third light blocking plate; 212 - Light transmission hole; 213 - Mounting plate; 22 - Drive mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0056] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] This embodiment provides a structured light illumination mode switching device, such as... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it includes: a spatial filter 1 and a switching device 2. The spatial filter 1 is fixedly disposed on the beam path of the light source and has multiple filter holes 11. The switching device 2 is disposed on the side of the spatial filter 1 away from the light source. The switching device 2 includes a light-blocking structure 21 and a driving mechanism 22 for driving the light-blocking structure 21 to move. The light-blocking structure 21 includes multiple light-blocking plates 211. The light-blocking plates 211 are adapted to block at least some of the filter holes 11 on the spatial filter 1, and the positions of the filter holes 11 blocked by different light-blocking plates 211 are different. The driving mechanism 22 is adapted to control the corresponding light-blocking plates 211 to move to the corresponding overlapping position with the spatial filter 1 according to the different lighting modes, so as to block the filter holes 11 at the corresponding positions and realize the switching between different lighting modes.

[0059] This structure incorporates a spatial filter 1 and a switching device 2. The spatial filter 1 is fixedly positioned on the beam path of the light source, specifically on the light-emitting side of the lens assembly. The spatial filter 1 is a sheet-like structure with filter holes 11. The switching device 2 is located on the side of the spatial filter 1 furthest from the light source. The switching device 2 includes a light-blocking structure 21 and a driving mechanism 22. The light-blocking structure 21 is fixed to the driving mechanism 22 and includes multiple light-blocking plates 211, each also sheet-like. Different light-blocking plates 211 block different filter holes 11. The driving mechanism 22 drives the light-blocking structure 21 to move different light-blocking plates 211 to the end of the spatial filter 1 furthest from the light source, along the direction of the light path. Different light-blocking plates 211 are moved to positions overlapping with the spatial filter 1. The light-blocking plates 211 are used to block the filter holes 11 on the spatial filter 1. Different light-blocking plates 211 block different filter holes 11, so that light can only pass through the unblocked filter holes 11. Different filter holes 11 are passed through, resulting in different illumination modes. Therefore, different light-blocking plates 211 correspond to different illumination modes. Compared with the traditional manual replacement of the spatial filter 1, this application fixes the spatial filter 1 in the optical path system and precisely adjusts the position of the spatial filter 1, so that the diffracted beams corresponding to different illumination modes can accurately pass through the filter holes 11 without subsequent movement and adjustment of the spatial filter 1, which can prevent the inaccurate positioning caused by its displacement. Different light-blocking plates 211 correspond to different lighting modes and are used to block the light beams that are not needed for that lighting mode. The drive mechanism 22 is used to control the switching of multiple light-blocking plates 211 without human intervention. The precision and efficiency of mechanical adjustment are better than manual adjustment. It has the advantages of automatic switching, low cost, simple operation, low adjustment difficulty, and strong scalability.

[0060] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown; the filter aperture 11 includes a first filter aperture 111 formed at the center of the spatial filter plate 1, and a plurality of second filter apertures 112 disposed on the outer periphery of the first filter aperture 111; the plurality of second filter apertures 112 are distributed sequentially on the circumference of at least two concentric circles with different radii, with the first filter aperture 111 as the center, and the second filter apertures 112 on the same circumference are evenly spaced; the light-blocking plate 211 is adapted to block the first filter aperture 111 and at least one of the second filter apertures 112 on the circumference, or the light-blocking plate 211 is adapted to block the first filter aperture 111, or the light-blocking plate 211 is adapted to block at least one of the second filter apertures 112 on the circumference. The interval angle between two adjacent second filter apertures 112 on different circumferences is the same, and the second filter apertures 112 on two adjacent circumferences are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The second filter hole 112 includes a first ring of filter holes, a second ring of filter holes, and a third ring of filter holes arranged at intervals from the inside out with the first filter hole 111 as the center; each of the first ring of filter holes, the second ring of filter holes, and the third ring of filter holes is provided with at least two pairs of second filter holes 112 arranged symmetrically about the center.

[0061] The filter aperture 11 in this structure includes a first filter aperture 111 and a second filter aperture 112. The first filter aperture 111 is located at the center of the spatial filter plate 1, and the second filter aperture 112 is located outside the first filter aperture 111. The second filter aperture 112 is distributed in a circular pattern. The second filter aperture 112 is distributed on the circumference of at least two concentric circles with different radii centered on the first filter aperture 111. Specifically, there can be three concentric circles. The second filter aperture 112 on each concentric circle is evenly spaced at equal angles. The interval angle between two adjacent second filter apertures 112 on different circumferences is the same.

[0062] To achieve two-dimensional super-resolution, structured light from three or two directions with equal angular intervals is generally used to illuminate the sample. Therefore, the interval angle between two adjacent second filter holes 112 can be 90° or 60°. When the interval angle is 90°, each ring has four second filter holes 112; when the interval angle is 60°, each ring has six second filter holes 112, and the second filter holes 112 on adjacent concentric circles are set in a one-to-one correspondence, and the opening direction of the second filter holes 112 on adjacent concentric circles is consistent. Specifically, taking an interval angle of 60° as an example, ... Figure 1 As shown, the second filter hole 112 on the innermost ring, which is the first ring of second filter holes 112, forms three arrangement directions with the first filter hole 111: one horizontal straight line and two inclined straight lines. The second filter hole 112 on the outermost ring is the third ring of second filter holes 112, and the second filter hole 112 on the middle ring is the second ring of second filter holes 112. The third ring of second filter holes 112 and the second ring of second filter holes 112 are also located in these three arrangement directions.

[0063] In different lighting modes, the light-blocking plate 211 blocks different filter holes. Specifically, the light-blocking plate 211 can block the first filter hole 111 and part of the second filter hole 112, allowing only part of the second filter hole 112 to transmit light; or the light-blocking plate 211 can block all the second filter holes 112, allowing only the middle first filter hole 111 to transmit light; or the light-blocking plate 211 can block part of the second filter hole 112, allowing the first filter hole 111 and part of the second filter hole 112 to transmit light, thus corresponding to different lighting modes.

[0064] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown; the light-blocking sheet is provided with a light-transmitting hole 212, the light-transmitting hole 212 includes a first light-transmitting hole provided corresponding to the first filter hole 111 and a second light-transmitting hole provided corresponding to the second filter hole 112; or only the first light-transmitting hole provided corresponding to the first filter hole 111 is opened, or the second light-transmitting hole provided corresponding to the second filter hole 112 is opened;

[0065] The light-blocking sheet includes a first light-blocking sheet 2111, which has a first light-transmitting hole and a second light-transmitting hole corresponding to the second filter hole 112 on the second ring of filter holes, or only has a first light-transmitting hole, or only has a second light-transmitting hole corresponding to the second filter hole 112 on the second ring of filter holes; so that light can pass through the first filter hole 111 and the second filter hole 112 on the second ring of filter holes, or only pass through the first filter hole, or only pass through the second filter hole on the second ring of filter holes.

[0066] The light-blocking structure 21 includes a second light-blocking sheet 2112; a second light-transmitting hole is correspondingly opened on the second light-blocking sheet 2112; the second light-transmitting hole on the second light-blocking sheet 2112 is set to correspond to the second filter hole 112 on the third ring of filter holes, so that light passes through the second filter hole 112 on the third ring of filter holes.

[0067] The light-blocking structure 21 includes a third light-blocking sheet 2113; the third light-blocking sheet 2113 has a second light-transmitting hole, and the second light-transmitting hole on the third light-blocking sheet 2113 is configured to correspond to the second filter hole 112 on the second ring of filter holes and a portion of the second filter hole 112 in the first ring of filter holes so that light passes through one of the second filter hole 112 on the second ring of filter holes and a portion of the second filter hole 112 in the first ring of filter holes; wherein, the second filter hole 112 on the first ring of filter holes is set to be m pairs, and the portion of the second filter hole 112 is any m / 2 adjacent second filter holes 112 in the m pairs of second filter holes 112.

[0068] This structure incorporates a first light-blocking plate 2111 with a light-transmitting aperture 212. The light-transmitting aperture 212 includes a first light-transmitting aperture corresponding to the first filter aperture 111 and a second light-transmitting aperture corresponding to the second filter aperture 112. The first light-transmitting aperture is only provided for the first filter aperture 111, and the diffraction order of the light wave allowed through the first filter aperture 111 is 0. The light wave passes through both the first filter aperture 111 and the light-transmitting aperture 212, resulting in a WF (wide-field) illumination mode, enabling wide-field imaging of the sample.

[0069] The light-transmitting hole 212 on the first light-blocking plate 2111 can also be opened only to correspond to all the second filter holes 112 on the second ring of filter holes, which is the second light-transmitting hole; the diffraction order of the light wave allowed to pass through the second filter holes 112 on the second ring of filter holes is ±1 order. The light wave passes through the second filter holes 112 on the second ring of filter holes and the second light-transmitting hole corresponding to the second filter holes 112 on the second ring of filter holes. The final illumination mode is the 2D-SIM mode, that is, the two-dimensional structured light illumination mode, which can realize super-resolution observation of any horizontal two-dimensional plane of the sample;

[0070] The light-transmitting hole 212 on the first light-blocking plate 2111 can be opened simultaneously corresponding to all the second filter holes 112 and the first filter hole 111 on the second ring of filter holes, and the first light-transmitting hole and the second light-transmitting hole set corresponding to all the second filter holes 112 on the second ring of filter holes are opened simultaneously. The diffraction order of the light wave allowed to pass through the second filter hole 112 on the second ring of filter holes is ±1 order, and the diffraction order of the light wave allowed to pass through the first filter hole 111 is 0 order. This structure can allow light waves of 0 order and ±1 order diffraction order to pass through at the same time. The final illumination mode is the symmetrical three-beam 3D-SIM mode, that is, the symmetrical three-beam three-dimensional structured light illumination mode, which can realize three-dimensional super-resolution observation of the sample.

[0071] The light-transmitting hole 212 on the second light-blocking plate 2112 can be opened corresponding to the second filter hole 112 on the third ring of filter holes. That is, the second light-transmitting hole is set corresponding to the second filter hole 112 on the third ring of filter holes. The diffraction order of the light wave allowed to pass through the second filter hole 112 on the third ring of filter holes is ±1 order. The light wave passes through the second filter hole 112 on the third ring of filter holes. The corresponding illumination mode is TIRF-SIM mode, that is, total internal reflection structured light illumination mode, which can realize super-resolution observation of the two-dimensional plane of the sample adjacent to the surface of the cover glass.

[0072] The second light-transmitting hole on the third light-blocking plate 2113 corresponds to the second filter hole 112 on the second ring of filter holes; and a portion of the second filter holes 112 in the first ring of filter holes are set, that is, one corresponding second filter hole 112 is selected from each pair of opposite second filter holes 112 in the first ring of filter holes. For example, the second filter holes 112 on the first ring of filter holes are set to m pairs, and the portion of the second filter holes 112 is any m / 2 adjacent second filter holes 112 in the m pairs of second filter holes 112; so that light passes through the second filter hole on the second ring of filter holes. The light passes through the wave aperture 112 and the corresponding second light-transmitting aperture, and through one of the m different arrangement directions of the first ring of filter apertures, resulting in a total of m / 2 second filter apertures. The diffraction order of the second filter aperture 112 on the second ring of filter apertures is ±1 order, and the diffraction order of the second filter aperture 112 on the first ring of filter apertures is ±2 order. The corresponding illumination mode is the asymmetric three-beam 3D-SIM mode, that is, the asymmetric three-beam three-dimensional structured light illumination mode, which can realize three-dimensional super-resolution observation of the sample with higher temporal resolution.

[0073] The distances from the center of the different second filter holes 112 to the center of the first filter hole 111 are as follows:

[0074]

[0075] in, The second filter hole 112 corresponds to the first The angle between the diffracted beam and the input optical axis; This is the focal length of the lens assembly preceding the spatial filter 1.

[0076] By setting the first light-blocking plate 2111, the second light-blocking plate 2112, and the third light-blocking plate 2113, which correspond to different illumination modes, it is ensured that the light-blocking plate 211 corresponding to each illumination mode can ensure that only the diffraction beam required by that mode passes through, thus avoiding the situation where the illumination mode is incorrect and super-resolution cannot be achieved.

[0077] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown; the aperture of the light-transmitting hole 212 on the light-blocking plate 211 is larger than the aperture of the filter hole 11 on the spatial filter plate 1, and the aperture of the second light-transmitting hole on the light-blocking plate 211 is smaller than the distance between two adjacent second filter holes; and the light-blocking structure 21 is opposite to the spatial filter plate 1 and is spaced apart.

[0078] This structure, by setting the aperture of the light-transmitting hole 212 on the light-blocking plate 211 to be larger than the aperture of the filter hole 11 on the spatial filter plate 1, allows the light beam to more easily pass through the light-transmitting hole 212 after passing through the filter hole 11. Furthermore, by setting the aperture smaller than the spacing between two adjacent second filter holes, it prevents light beams from passing through two filter holes 11 through one light-transmitting hole 212, which could lead to an incorrect illumination pattern. This ensures the accuracy of the illumination pattern and minimizes the positioning accuracy requirements of the light-blocking plate 211. The light-blocking structure 21 is positioned opposite and spaced apart from the spatial filter plate 1, ensuring smooth movement of the light-blocking structure 21 and preventing it from touching the spatial filter plate 1 and causing damage to both.

[0079] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown; the filter hole 11 on the spatial filter 1 is the light-transmitting area, and the other areas on the spatial filter 1 are light-blocking areas; the light-transmitting hole 212 on the light-blocking plate 211 is the light-transmitting area, and the other areas on the light-blocking plate 211 are light-blocking areas;

[0080] The light transmittance of the light-blocking area should be less than or equal to 0.05%, and the light transmittance of the light-transmitting area should be greater than or equal to 99.5%. The aperture of the filter hole 11 is 10-100μm, and the aperture of the light-transmitting hole 212 is 50-500μm. The edges of the filter hole 11 and the light-transmitting hole 212 should be smooth and burr-free. The thickness of the spatial filter 1 and the light-blocking plate 211 is set to 0.1-1mm.

[0081] This structure, by setting a light-transmitting hole 212, allows the spatial filter 1, which can be made of optical glass with a thickness of 0.1-1mm, to divide the light-blocking plate 211 and the spatial filter 1 into a light-blocking area and a light-transmitting area. The light-transmitting area is the light-transmitting hole 212 and the filter hole 11, while the light-blocking area is the area of ​​the spatial filter 1 excluding the light-transmitting hole 212 and the area of ​​the light-blocking plate 211 excluding the light-transmitting hole 212. The surface of the light-blocking area is treated with a mask and ink coating to ensure that the surface transmittance is less than or equal to 0.05%, and that the transmittance of the light-transmitting area is greater than or equal to 99.5%, to prevent interference light from passing through the light-blocking plate 211 and affecting the lighting mode. The spatial filter 1 can also be made of aluminum alloy or other metal materials with a polar anodized black finish, with a thickness of 0.1mm-1mm, and through holes are processed on this substrate. The diameter of the filter hole 11 and the light-transmitting hole 212 is 10μm-100μm, and the edges are smooth and burr-free. The thickness of the spatial filter 1 should not be too thick to avoid adverse effects such as scattering and blocking on the selected diffracted beam.

[0082] In this embodiment, as Figures 3 to 6As shown; the light-blocking structure 21 also includes a mounting plate 213, and multiple light-blocking plates 211 are spaced apart on the mounting plate 213 along a straight line or circumferential direction; the driving mechanism 22 is connected to the mounting plate 213 and is adapted to drive the mounting plate 213 to move linearly or rotate, so as to move the corresponding light-blocking plate 211 to the position corresponding to the spatial filter 1 and block the filter hole 11 at the corresponding position to switch different lighting modes.

[0083] In one embodiment, the mounting plate 213 is a strip-shaped structure, and a plurality of light-blocking sheets 211 are sequentially and spaced apart on the mounting plate 213 along the length direction of the mounting plate 213;

[0084] The drive mechanism 22 includes a lead screw motor or a linear motor. The lead screw motor or linear motor includes a power part and a moving part that moves linearly under the drive of the power part. One end of the mounting plate 213 is fixedly connected to the moving part.

[0085] The power unit drives the moving part to move the mounting plate 213, so that the corresponding light-blocking plate 211 on the mounting plate 213 moves to the position corresponding to the spatial filter 1, thereby realizing the switching between different lighting modes.

[0086] In another embodiment, the mounting plate 213 is a circular plate structure, and a plurality of light-blocking sheets 211 are sequentially and spaced apart on the mounting plate 213 along the circumferential direction of the mounting plate 213;

[0087] The drive mechanism 22 includes a power component and a transmission component. The transmission component includes a drive wheel fixed on the output shaft of the power component, a driven wheel fixed at the center of the mounting plate, and a transmission belt connecting the drive wheel and the driven wheel.

[0088] The power component drives the transmission component to rotate the mounting plate 213, causing the corresponding light-blocking plate 211 on the mounting plate 213 to move to the position corresponding to the spatial filter 1, so as to realize the switching between different lighting modes.

[0089] This structure uses a mounting plate 213 to fix multiple light-blocking plates 211 on the mounting plate 213. Corresponding to five lighting modes, five light-blocking plates 211 can be selected, namely three first light-blocking plates 2111, one second light-blocking plate 2112 and one third light-blocking plate 2113. It can also include a fully blocking light-blocking plate 211. The multiple light-blocking plates 211 are arranged at intervals along the straight line and the circumferential direction on the mounting plate 213. The interval arrangement can be a straight line array or a circumferential array.

[0090] When multiple light-blocking plates 211 are fixed on the mounting plate 213 along a straight line, the mounting plate 213 is a strip-shaped plate structure. The driving mechanism 22 includes a lead screw electrode or a linear electrode. The lead screw motor or linear motor includes a power part and a moving part that moves linearly under the drive of the power part. The output end of the driving mechanism 22 is fixed with a lead screw and a lead screw nut. The lower end of the connecting plate is fixed on the lead screw nut. The mounting plate 213 is fixed on the upper end of the connecting plate. The driving mechanism 22 drives the lead screw and the lead screw nut to move, and then drives the mounting plate 213 to move along the guide rail direction through the connecting plate to adjust the position of multiple light-blocking plates 211, so that different light-blocking plates 211 coincide with the spatial filter 1 to switch the lighting mode.

[0091] When multiple light-blocking plates 211 are fixed sequentially at intervals along the circumferential direction on the mounting plate 213, the mounting plate 213 has a circular plate structure; the drive mechanism 22 includes a rotary motor, a drive wheel fixed on the output shaft of the power component, a driven wheel fixed at the center position of the mounting plate, and a transmission belt connecting the drive wheel and the driven wheel; the rotation of the power component drives the drive wheel to rotate, and then drives the driven wheel to rotate through the transmission belt, and finally drives the mounting plate 213 to rotate, so that different light-blocking plates 211 rotate to the position of overlapping with the spatial filter 1 to switch the lighting mode.

[0092] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A structured light illumination mode switching device, characterized in that, include: A spatial filter (1) is fixedly installed on the beam path of the light source, and a plurality of filter holes (11) are provided on the spatial filter (1). The switching device (2) is disposed on the side of the spatial filter (1) away from the light source. The switching device (2) includes a light-blocking structure (21) and a driving mechanism (22) for driving the light-blocking structure (21) to move. The light-blocking structure (21) includes multiple light-blocking plates (211), which are adapted to block at least part of the filter holes (11) on the spatial filter (1). The positions of the filter holes (11) blocked by different light-blocking plates (211) are different. The driving mechanism (22) is adapted to control the corresponding light-blocking plates (211) to move to the overlapping position corresponding to the spatial filter (1) according to the different lighting modes, so as to block the filter holes (11) at the corresponding positions and realize the switching between different lighting modes. The filter hole (11) includes a first filter hole (111) opened at the center of the spatial filter (1) and a plurality of second filter holes (112) disposed on the outer periphery of the first filter hole (111). Multiple second filter holes (112) are distributed sequentially on the circumference of at least two concentric circles with different radii, with the first filter hole (111) as the center, and the second filter holes (112) located on the same circumference are evenly spaced. The light-blocking plate (211) is adapted to block the first filter hole (111) and at least one second filter hole (112) on the circumference. The interval angle between two adjacent second filter holes (112) on different circumferences is the same, and the second filter holes (112) on two adjacent circumferences are set in a one-to-one correspondence; The second filter hole (112) includes a first ring of filter holes, a second ring of filter holes, and a third ring of filter holes arranged at intervals from the inside to the outside with the first filter hole (111) as the center; At least two pairs of second filter holes (112) are provided on the first ring of filter holes, the second ring of filter holes and the third ring of filter holes, respectively, which are symmetrically arranged about the center. The light-blocking sheet is provided with a light-transmitting hole (212), the light-transmitting hole (212) includes a first light-transmitting hole provided corresponding to the first filter hole (111), and a second light-transmitting hole provided corresponding to the second filter hole (112); The aperture of the light-transmitting hole (212) on the light-blocking plate (211) is larger than the aperture of the filter hole (11) on the spatial filter plate (1); And, the aperture of the second light-transmitting hole on the light-blocking plate (211) is smaller than the hole spacing between two adjacent second filter holes (112); The light-blocking structure (21) is opposite to and spaced apart from the spatial filter (1).

2. The structured light illumination mode switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-blocking sheet includes a first light-blocking sheet (2111), which has a first light-transmitting hole and a second light-transmitting hole corresponding to the second filter hole (112) on the second ring of filter holes, so that light can pass through the first filter hole (111) and the second filter hole (112) on the second ring of filter holes.

3. The structured light illumination mode switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-blocking structure (21) includes a second light-blocking sheet (2112), and the second light-blocking sheet (2112) is provided with a second light-transmitting hole; The second light-transmitting hole on the second light-blocking plate (2112) is set to correspond to the second filter hole (112) on the third ring of filter holes, so that light passes through the second filter hole (112) on the third ring of filter holes.

4. The structured light illumination mode switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-blocking structure (21) includes a third light-blocking sheet (2113); the third light-blocking sheet (2113) has a second light-transmitting hole; The second light-transmitting hole on the third light-blocking plate (2113) is set to correspond to the second filter hole (112) on the second ring of filter holes and a portion of the second filter hole (112) in the first ring of filter holes, so that light passes through one of all the second filter holes (112) on the second ring of filter holes and a portion of the second filter hole (112) in the first ring of filter holes; Wherein, the second filter holes (112) on the first ring of filter holes are set to be m pairs, and the part of the second filter holes (112) is any m / 2 adjacent second filter holes (112) in the m pairs of second filter holes (112).

5. The structured light illumination mode switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The filter hole (11) on the spatial filter (1) is a light-transmitting area, and the other areas on the spatial filter (1) are light-blocking areas; the light-transmitting hole (212) on the light-blocking plate (211) is a light-transmitting area, and the other areas on the light-blocking plate (211) are light-blocking areas. Wherein, the light transmittance of the light-blocking area should be less than or equal to 0.05%, and the light transmittance of the light-transmitting area should be greater than or equal to 99.5%; the aperture of the filter hole (11) is 10-100μm, the aperture of the light-transmitting hole (212) is 50-500μm, and the edges of the filter hole (11) and the light-transmitting hole (212) should be smooth and burr-free; the thickness of the spatial filter (1) and the light-blocking plate (211) is set to 0.1-1mm.

6. The structured light illumination mode switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The light-blocking structure (21) also includes a mounting plate (213), and a plurality of light-blocking sheets (211) are spaced apart on the mounting plate (213) along a straight line or a circumferential direction; The drive mechanism (22) is connected to the mounting plate (213) and is adapted to drive the mounting plate (213) to move linearly or rotate, so as to move the corresponding light-blocking plate (211) to the position corresponding to the spatial filter (1) and block the filter hole (11) at the corresponding position to switch different lighting modes.

7. The structured light illumination mode switching device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting plate (213) has a strip-shaped structure, and a plurality of light-blocking sheets (211) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length of the mounting plate (213); The drive mechanism (22) includes a lead screw motor or a linear motor, the lead screw motor or linear motor includes a power part and a moving part that moves linearly under the drive of the power part, and one end of the mounting plate (213) is fixedly connected to the moving part; The power unit drives the moving part to move the mounting plate (213), so that the corresponding light-blocking plate (211) on the mounting plate (213) moves to the position corresponding to the spatial filter (1), thereby realizing the switching between different lighting modes.

8. The structured light illumination mode switching device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting plate (213) is a circular plate structure, and a plurality of light-blocking plates (211) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the mounting plate (213); The drive mechanism (22) includes a power component and a transmission component. The transmission component includes a drive wheel fixed on the output shaft of the power component, a driven wheel fixed at the center of the mounting plate, and a transmission belt connecting the drive wheel and the driven wheel. The power component drives the transmission component to rotate the mounting plate (213), causing the corresponding light-blocking plate (211) on the mounting plate (213) to move to the position corresponding to the spatial filter (1), so as to realize the switching between different lighting modes.

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