A polyvinyl chloride alloy material, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a polyvinyl chloride alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of polymer materials. The polyvinyl chloride alloy material of the present invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of PVC resin, 20-50 parts of ASA resin, 5-30 parts of pure monomer resin, and 6-15 parts of chlorinated polyethylene; the softening point of the pure monomer resin is 70-150°C. The present invention adds chlorinated polyethylene and pure monomer resin to PVC resin and ASA resin to improve the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, and in particular to a polyvinyl chloride alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] PVC (polyvinyl chloride resin) is a commonly used thermoplastic resin with a wide range of applications in daily life. From a global perspective, PVC is the second largest general-purpose plastic, second only to polyethylene in consumption. PVC has excellent comprehensive properties such as good mechanical properties, flame retardancy, chemical corrosion resistance, wear resistance, insulation, etc., and is inexpensive and has abundant raw material sources. Therefore, it is widely used in building materials and other fields; but PVC also has disadvantages such as poor thermal stability, poor weather resistance, and poor processing performance. ASA (acrylonitrile-styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer resin) has the characteristics of high weather resistance and hardness without being brittle. The PVC / ASA plastic alloy obtained by blending PVC and ASA can combine the advantages of PVC and ASA and has good weather resistance. However, due to the differences in processing and performance between ASA and PVC, the two have different thermal expansion rates and shrinkage rates, which can easily cause co-extrusion interlayer deformation and weld cracking in actual applications, resulting in poor wear resistance of PVC / ASA alloy. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a polyvinyl chloride alloy material with high wear resistance and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a polyvinyl chloride alloy material, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of PVC resin, 20-50 parts of ASA resin, 5-30 parts of pure monomer resin, 6-15 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, and 1-5 parts by weight of a stabilizer; the softening point of the pure monomer resin is 70-150°C.

[0005] The pure monomer resin is an aromatic petroleum resin, which is obtained by polymerizing a pure aromatic petroleum monomer, namely, α-methylstyrene monomer.

[0006] In one embodiment, the polyvinyl chloride alloy material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of PVC resin, 25-40 parts of ASA resin, 12-18 parts of pure monomer resin, 8-12 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, and 2-3 parts by weight of a stabilizer.

[0007] In one embodiment, the pure monomer resin has a softening point of 85-115°C.

[0008] In the present disclosure, the softening point of the pure monomer resin can be 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, 100°C, 105°C, 110°C, 115°C, 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, 135°C, 140°C, 145°C, 150°C; it can also be a range consisting of any two of the above values. Preferably, the softening point of the pure monomer resin is 85-115°C; more preferably, the softening point of the pure monomer resin is 95-105°C.

[0009] It should be noted that the softening point of the pure monomer resin in the present disclosure is measured according to the softening point of hot melt adhesives in GB / T15332-94.

[0010] In the present disclosure, the weight parts of pure monomer resin can be 5 parts, 7 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 23 parts, 25 parts, 27 parts, 30 parts; it can also be a range consisting of any two of the above values. Preferably, the weight parts of pure monomer resin is 12-18 parts.

[0011] The essence of polymer wear is that under the action of external friction, the molecular chain segments slip or break, causing the material to be transferred to the surface of the counterpart in the form of sheets, resulting in pure adhesive wear. The hardness and shear strength of polymers are lower than those of metal materials. When polymers rub against metal materials, the wear is mainly due to the polymer itself.

[0012] Pure monomer resin is added to the PVC / ASA system. On the one hand, the pure monomer resin can promote the plasticization of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material during the preparation process of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material, improve the fluidity of the PVC / ASA system, reduce the resistance of the profile mold, improve the glossiness of the surface of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material, reduce the wear of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material, and improve the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material; on the other hand, the pure monomer resin has good compatibility with the PVC resin and the ASA resin, so that when the polyvinyl chloride alloy material generates heat by friction with the metal, a protective film is formed on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material to block the friction between the polyvinyl chloride alloy material and the metal, and synergize with the chlorinated polyethylene to improve the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material.

[0013] The inventors found in experiments that the softening point and addition amount of pure monomer resin affect the performance of polyvinyl chloride alloy materials. If the softening point of pure monomer resin is too low, the polyvinyl chloride alloy material cannot form a protective film when it generates heat by friction with metal, thereby reducing the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material; if the softening point of pure monomer resin is too high, it is closer to the thermal decomposition temperature of PVC material, which will have an adverse effect on the processability of the alloy system on the one hand, and on the other hand, the softening point is too high, resulting in the inability of the pure monomer resin to fully melt during the alloy production process, thereby reducing the plasticization promotion of the alloy system.

[0014] If too much pure monomer resin is added, the interaction between the molecular chains of polyvinyl chloride will be weakened, causing the PVC / ASA system to slip more easily when subjected to external friction, thereby increasing the amount of wear; if too little pure monomer resin is added, the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material will be less improved.

[0015] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the pure monomer resin to the chlorinated polyethylene is (3-0.5):1; preferably (2.5-1):1.

[0016] In the present disclosure, the weight ratio of pure monomer resin and chlorinated polyethylene can be 5:1, 4.5:1, 4:1, 3.5:1, 3:1, 2.5:1, 2:1, 1.5:1, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3; it can also be a range consisting of any two of the above values; preferably (3-0.5):1, more preferably (2.5-1):1. The present invention discloses that adding chlorinated polyethylene to a PVC / ASA system can make the performance of the PVC / ASA system more balanced. The chlorinated polyethylene has good compatibility with the PVC resin and the ASA resin, which is beneficial to the mutual penetration between the molecular chains of the PVC resin and the ASA resin, and improves the interaction force between the molecular chains of polyvinyl chloride, so that when the PVC / ASA system is subjected to external friction, the occurrence of slippage is reduced, and the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material is improved; however, since the chlorinated polyethylene is an elastomeric material, adding the chlorinated polyethylene to the PVC / ASA system will reduce the surface hardness of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material and reduce the improvement effect of the chlorinated polyethylene on the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material; the weight ratio of the pure monomer resin and the chlorinated polyethylene affects the wear resistance of the product. If the weight ratio of the pure monomer resin and the chlorinated polyethylene is too high or too low, the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material will decrease to a certain extent. The inventors found in actual experiments that when the weight ratio of the pure monomer resin and the chlorinated polyethylene adopts the above preferred weight ratio, the wear resistance of the prepared polyvinyl chloride alloy material is high.

[0017] In one embodiment, the stabilizer is at least one of a calcium zinc stabilizer, a lead salt stabilizer, an organotin stabilizer, and a barium zinc stabilizer. Considering the environmental friendliness and stability of the stabilizer, an organotin stabilizer is preferred in the present disclosure.

[0018] In one embodiment, the polyvinyl chloride alloy material further comprises 2-8 parts by weight of a flux, preferably, the weight of the flux is 3-5 parts by weight.

[0019] In one embodiment, the flux is an acrylate processing aid, an α-methylstyrene processing aid, a fluorine elastic processing aid, or a silicone processing aid. The processing aid can improve processing melting properties. The present disclosure prefers acrylate processing aids.

[0020] In one embodiment, the average molecular weight of the pure monomer resin is 1000-20000, for example, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 9000, 10000, 13000, 15000, 17000, 20000, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0021] On the other hand, a method for preparing the polyvinyl chloride alloy material is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0022] After the components are uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion, they are added into a screw extruder and melt-extruded and granulated at 110-170° C. to obtain a polyvinyl chloride alloy material.

[0023] In one embodiment, during the melt extrusion granulation, the set temperatures of the screw extruder from the feed port to the die are: zone 1 temperature 105-115°C, zone 2 temperature 105-115°C, zone 3 temperature 115-125°C, zone 4 temperature 125-135°C, zone 5 temperature 135-145°C, zone 6 temperature 145-155°C, zone 7 temperature 155-165°C, zone 8 temperature 145-155°C, zone 9 temperature 135-145°C; the screw speed is 200-450rpm.

[0024] On the other hand, the present disclosure also provides applications of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material in transportation vehicles, electronic appliances, and construction materials.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present disclosure are as follows: the present disclosure provides a polyvinyl chloride alloy material, wherein chlorinated polyethylene and pure monomer resin are added to PVC resin and ASA resin, so as to improve the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present disclosure, the present disclosure will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and comparative examples, the purpose of which is to understand the content of the present disclosure in detail, rather than to limit the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. The experimental reagents and instruments involved in the implementation of the present disclosure are all commonly used ordinary reagents and instruments unless otherwise specified.

[0027] The raw materials used in the embodiments and comparative examples are described below, but are not limited to these materials:

[0028] PVC resin: PVC TL-1000, LG;

[0029] ASA resin: XC-180, Kumho;

[0030] Pure monomer resin 1: softening point is 100℃, 3100, Eastman;

[0031] Pure monomer resin 2: softening point is 85℃, 3085, Eastman;

[0032] Pure monomer resin 3: softening point is 115℃, F115, Eastman;

[0033] Pure monomer resin 4: softening point is 70°C, 3070, Eastman;

[0034] Pure monomer resin 5: softening point is 150℃, 155, Eastman;

[0035] Pure monomer resin 6: softening point is 100°C, MK100, Cologne;

[0036] Pure monomer resin 7: softening point is 60℃, 4560, Tengshun;

[0037] Pure monomer resin 8: softening point is 160°C, 160, Eastman;

[0038] Chlorinated polyethylene: CPE-132C, Coley;

[0039] Organic tin stabilizer: SW-977, Benxing;

[0040] Acrylate processing aids: methyl methacrylate processing aids, PA20, Zhongyuan.

[0041] Examples and Comparative Examples

[0042] The components and weight proportions of the polyvinyl chloride alloy materials of the embodiment and the comparative example are shown in Table 1 and Table 2. The preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride alloy materials of the embodiment and the comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) Weigh various components according to the ratio;

[0044] (2) adding PVC resin and organotin stabilizer to a high-speed mixer and mixing until the temperature of the high-speed mixer reaches 90° C. to obtain a mixture A; then adding ASA resin, pure monomer resin, chlorinated polyethylene, and acrylate processing aid to the mixture A and mixing until the temperature of the high-speed mixer reaches 120° C. to obtain a mixture B;

[0045] (3) Adding mixture B into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation to obtain a polyvinyl chloride alloy material; during the melt extrusion and granulation, the set temperatures of the twin-screw extruder from the feed port to the die are: zone 1 temperature 110° C., zone 2 temperature 110° C., zone 3 temperature 120° C., zone 4 temperature 130° C., zone 5 temperature 140° C., zone 6 temperature 150° C., zone 7 temperature 160° C., zone 8 temperature 150° C., zone 9 temperature 140° C.; the screw speed is 300 rpm.

[0046] Wear resistance test: The polyvinyl chloride alloy material is injected into a sample of 7mm×6mm×30mm by a plastic injection molding machine, and the sample is placed vertically on a vertical universal friction and wear testing machine for testing. The test conditions are as follows: the speed is 200r / min, the load is 50N, the loading time is 30min, and the wear amount is expressed in g / m 2 ; The test results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0047] Table 1

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] Table 2

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] It can be seen from Table 1 that the wear loss of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material prepared in the embodiment of the present disclosure is ≤67g / m 2 .

[0054] From the comparison between Example 5, Examples 8-12 and Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that the use of pure monomer resin with a softening point of 85-115° C. further improves the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy.

[0055] By comparing Example 2, Examples 4-7 and Comparative Examples 3-4, it can be seen that when the weight portion of pure monomer resin is 5-30 parts, the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy is good, and when the weight portion of pure monomer resin is 12-18 parts, the wear resistance of the prepared polyvinyl chloride alloy material is better.

[0056] By comparing Example 5 and Examples 13-16, it can be seen that when the mass ratio of pure monomer resin to chlorinated polyethylene is (3-0.5):1, the wear resistance of the prepared polyvinyl chloride alloy material is good; when the mass ratio of pure monomer resin to chlorinated polyethylene is (2.5-1):1, the wear resistance of the prepared polyvinyl chloride alloy material is even better.

[0057] It can be seen from Example 5 and Comparative Examples 5-7 that the chlorinated polyethylene and the pure monomer resin in the present disclosure have a synergistic effect, and the wear resistance of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material is poor without either one of them.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solution of the present disclosure rather than to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present disclosure can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A polyvinyl chloride alloy material, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of PVC resin, 20-50 parts of ASA resin, 5-30 parts of pure monomer resin, 6-15 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, and 1-5 parts by weight of stabilizer; the softening point of the pure monomer resin is 70-150 DEG C; and the pure monomer resin is aromatic petroleum resin.

2. The polyvinyl chloride alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The softening point of the pure monomer resin is 85-115°C.

3. The polyvinyl chloride alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight portion of the pure monomer resin is 12-18 parts.

4. The polyvinyl chloride alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the pure monomer resin to the chlorinated polyethylene is (3-0.5):

1.

5. The polyvinyl chloride alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the pure monomer resin to the chlorinated polyethylene is (2.5-1):

1.

6. The polyvinyl chloride alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer is at least one of a calcium zinc stabilizer, a lead salt stabilizer, an organic tin stabilizer, and a barium zinc stabilizer.

7. The polyvinyl chloride alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyvinyl chloride alloy material also includes 2-8 parts by weight of flux.

8. The polyvinyl chloride alloy material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flux is an acrylic ester processing aid, an α-methylstyrene processing aid, a fluorine elastic processing aid, and an organosilicon processing aid.

9. A method for preparing a polyvinyl chloride alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After the components are uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion, they are added into a screw extruder and melt-extruded and granulated at 110-170° C. to obtain a polyvinyl chloride alloy material.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: During the melt extrusion granulation, the setting temperatures of the screw extruder from the feeding port to the die are: zone one temperature 105-115°C, zone two temperature 105-115°C, zone three temperature 115-125°C, zone four temperature 125-135°C, zone five temperature 135-145°C, zone six temperature 145-155°C, zone seven temperature 155-165°C, zone eight temperature 145-155°C, zone nine temperature 135-145°C; the screw speed is 200-450rpm.

11. Application of the polyvinyl chloride alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in transportation vehicles, electronic appliances, and construction materials.

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