Copper electrowinning cell arrangement

Abstract

This invention relates to a copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus, comprising: an electrolytic refining cell body extending horizontally in a trough-like structure having a bottom surface and side walls; the electrolytic refining cell body having two ends, one end being an inlet for the liquid to be electrolyzed, and the other end being an outlet for the liquid after electrolysis; a lower inlet pipe and an upper inlet pipe, the lower inlet pipe and the upper inlet pipe being disposed at the inlet end of the electrolytic refining cell body; a lower outlet collection box and an upper outlet overflow box, the lower outlet collection box and the upper outlet overflow box being disposed at the outlet end of the electrolytic refining cell body; the lower outlet collection box having a U-shaped horizontal cross-section and being vertically fixedly connected to the side wall of the outlet end of the electrolytic refining cell body to form a cylindrical structure, and having an overflow port on its upper part near the interior of the electrolytic refining cell body; the upper outlet overflow box being connected to the lower outlet collection box. The copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus according to the present invention can realize the switching between "bottom in, top out" and "top in, bottom out" circulation modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of copper electrolytic refining technology, and more specifically, to a copper electrolytic refining cell device with switchable circulation mode. Background Technology

[0002] In copper electrolytic refining production, the electrolytic refining cell is one of the main production equipment, used to hold anode copper, cathode copper and electrolyte, and is the main place where the electrolytic reaction takes place.

[0003] In the copper electrolytic refining reaction, the anode dissolves, the cathode precipitates, and the insoluble material at the anode forms anode sludge, most of which settles to the bottom of the electrolytic refining tank, while a small portion floats or remains suspended in the electrolyte. Without external force, the movement of copper ions and anions / cations is facilitated by the free diffusion of the electric field and temperature, easily leading to concentration polarization (anode enrichment, cathode depletion), which affects the electrolytic reaction, resulting in increased energy consumption and decreased product quality. Copper electrolytic refining tanks are typically equipped with circulation pipes, with electrolyte flowing into the tank at one end and out at the other, achieving electrolyte circulation. This accelerates the electrolyte flow between the anode and cathode to reduce concentration polarization. Simultaneously, the presence of electrolyte circulation also helps stabilize and homogenize the composition and temperature within the electrolytic tank, which is beneficial for the electrolytic reaction.

[0004] In existing technologies, copper electrolytic refining cells employ two circulation methods: "top-in, bottom-out" and "bottom-in, top-out." For example, Chinese patent CN201821962226, "A Copper Electrolytic Cell," uses a "top-in, bottom-out" method where the electrolyte flow direction aligns with the anode sludge settling direction, which is beneficial for anode sludge settling but less effective in ensuring uniform temperature and composition distribution within the electrolytic refining cell. Similarly, Chinese patent CN201920168997, "Copper Electrolytic Cell," uses a "bottom-in, top-out" method, which promotes uniform temperature and composition distribution within the electrolytic refining cell, but its flow direction is opposite to that of the anode sludge settling, hindering settling. Excessive influent can cause the bottom anode sludge to agitate, contaminating the copper cathode. The electrolytic cells and corresponding circulation methods described in these two patents can only achieve one "top-in, bottom-out" or "bottom-in, top-out" electrolyte circulation mode, without the ability to freely switch between the two. Furthermore, switching requires modification of the electrolytic cell and reinstallation of piping.

[0005] With the continued growth of copper consumption, the related field of scrap copper recycling is also expanding. The composition of raw materials for copper electrolytic refining anodes is becoming increasingly complex and diversified. Therefore, rationally selecting the circulation method of copper electrolytic refining cells is beneficial to the stability of copper electrolytic production. Currently, the mainstream copper electrolytic refining cells in China primarily use a "bottom-in, top-out" circulation mode, which is incompatible with the "top-in, bottom-out" circulation mode. Switching between the two requires modification and alteration of the circulation pipelines, which not only affects production but also incurs significant and repetitive costs.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a copper electrolytic refining cell solution that can quickly and freely switch between "top-in, bottom-out" and "bottom-in, top-out" circulation modes. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem that this invention aims to solve is that existing copper electrolytic refining cells use either a "bottom-in, top-out" or "top-in, bottom-out" circulation mode, which is incompatible with each other. If the two circulation modes are switched according to production needs, the circulation pipeline needs to be modified and upgraded, which not only affects production but also requires a large amount of repeated investment.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a copper electrolytic refining cell device, comprising: an electrolytic refining cell body, which is a horizontally extending trough-shaped structure with a bottom surface and side walls; the electrolytic refining cell body has two ends, one end being an inlet for the liquid to be electrolyzed, and the other end being an outlet for the liquid after electrolysis; a lower inlet pipe and an upper inlet pipe, which are disposed at the inlet end of the electrolytic refining cell body for inputting the liquid to be electrolyzed; wherein the outlet of the lower inlet pipe for inputting the liquid to be electrolyzed is located below half the vertical height of the electrolytic refining cell body, for inputting liquid from the lower part of the electrolytic refining cell body. The outlet of the upper liquid inlet pipe for inputting the liquid to be electrolyzed is located above half the vertical height of the electrolytic refining tank, for inputting liquid from the upper part of the tank. The lower liquid outlet collection box and the upper liquid outlet overflow box are located at the outlet end of the electrolytic refining tank, for outputting the liquid to be electrolyzed. The lower liquid outlet collection box is a U-shaped trough structure, vertically fixed to the side wall of the outlet end of the electrolytic refining tank, forming a cylindrical structure. The bottom and top of the lower liquid outlet collection box are open, and an overflow port is formed on the upper part of the lower liquid outlet collection box near the interior of the electrolytic refining tank. The lower edge is located below the electrolyte level line; the upper overflow box is located on the upper side of the lower overflow collection box and opposite to the inside of the electrolytic refining tank. The upper overflow box is connected to the lower overflow collection box. During copper electrolysis, the electrolyte enters the electrolytic refining tank through the lower or upper inlet pipe from the inlet end of the tank. After electrolytic refining, the electrolyte continues to flow to the outlet end of the tank and then flows out through the lower overflow collection box and the upper overflow box. When the lower inlet pipe is opened and the upper inlet pipe is closed, the electrolyte flows into the electrolytic refining tank through the lower inlet pipe. The electrolyte flows from the inlet end to the outlet end. When the upper overflow port of the lower liquid collection box is opened, the electrolyte overflows into the upper liquid overflow box and finally overflows out of the electrolyte refining tank, thus forming a "bottom-in, top-out" circulation. Specifically, when the upper liquid inlet pipe is opened and the lower liquid inlet pipe is closed, the electrolyte flows into the electrolytic refining tank through the upper liquid inlet pipe and diffuses from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end. When the upper overflow port of the lower liquid collection box is closed, the electrolyte flows in through the bottom opening of the lower liquid collection box, flows upward along the lower liquid collection box, enters the upper liquid overflow box, and finally overflows out of the electrolyte refining tank, forming a "top-in, bottom-out" circulation, thereby realizing the switching of the circulation mode of the copper refining electrolytic cell.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the outlet for the liquid to be electrolyzed in the lower inlet pipe can be set within the range of one-fifth to two-fifths of the vertical height of the electrolytic refining tank.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the liquid to be electrolyzed in the upper liquid inlet pipe can be set at the liquid level of the electrolyte in the electrolytic refining tank.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the lower liquid inlet pipe and the upper liquid inlet pipe may be respectively equipped with valves for switching on and off.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper overflow port of the lower liquid collection box may be provided with a baffle for opening and closing the upper overflow port.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the baffle can be slidably and fixedly adjusted by a slot and fastener provided on the lower liquid collection box, thereby setting the upper overflow port to an open or closed state.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, drain ports may be provided on the upper two sides of the lower liquid collection box, and the drain ports are used to discharge floating matter at the electrolyte surface line position.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the upper liquid inlet pipe can be connected to a 90° elbow.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the lower liquid inlet pipe can be connected to a tee.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the top of the liquid collection box can be flush with the upper edge of the electrolytic cell.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention can achieve at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The copper electrolytic refining cell provided by this invention has two inlet pipes with different outlet positions at one end, allowing free switching between "top inlet" and "bottom inlet" for the inlet method. An outlet device is provided at the other end of the electrolytic cell, allowing free switching between "bottom outlet" and "top outlet" for the outlet method. By controlling the switching between these two methods, the flow and convection of the electrolyte within the electrolytic refining cell can be switched between "top inlet, bottom outlet" and "bottom inlet, top outlet". The structure is simple, with pipes and devices only at both ends of the electrolytic refining cell; no additional pipes or auxiliary components are needed on the sides or bottom of the electrolytic cell. The copper electrolytic refining cell according to this invention ensures uniform temperature and composition distribution within the cell, while also facilitating anode sludge settling. It allows for targeted selection based on the usage of copper anode plates, particularly promoting the sedimentation of copper anode sludge and reducing the occurrence of large-scale particle problems caused by copper anode sludge floating on the electrolyte surface. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a top view showing a copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The main view;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB-direction sectional view;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 CC view of the liquid collection box. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in the specification and claims of this patent application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not indicate a limitation of quantity, but rather indicate the presence of at least one.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a top view showing a copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The main view; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view along axis AA; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB-direction sectional view.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the copper electrolytic refining cell device includes: an electrolytic refining cell body 1, a lower liquid inlet pipe 2, an upper liquid inlet pipe 3, a lower liquid outlet collection box 6, and an upper liquid outlet overflow box 10.

[0030] The electrolytic refining tank 1 is a horizontally extending tank-shaped structure with a bottom and side walls. The electrolytic refining tank is an upward-opening tank. The electrolytic refining tank 1 has two ends, one end being the inlet end into which the liquid to be electrolyzed flows, and the other end being the outlet end into which the liquid after electrolysis flows out.

[0031] The lower liquid inlet pipe 2 and the upper liquid inlet pipe 3 are installed at the liquid inlet end of the electrolytic refining tank 1 for inputting the liquid to be electrolyzed. The outlet of the lower liquid inlet pipe 2 for inputting the liquid to be electrolyzed is located below half the vertical height of the electrolytic refining tank 1, for inputting liquid from the lower part of the electrolytic refining tank 1. The outlet of the upper liquid inlet pipe 3 for inputting the liquid to be electrolyzed is located above half the vertical height of the electrolytic refining tank 1, for inputting liquid from the upper part of the electrolytic refining tank 1.

[0032] The lower liquid collection box 6 and the upper liquid overflow box 10 are installed at the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic refining tank 1 for outputting the liquid to be electrolyzed. The lower liquid collection box 6 is a trough-shaped structure with a horizontal cross section of U. The lower liquid collection box 6 is vertically fixed to the side wall of the liquid outlet end of the electrolytic refining tank 1 to form a cylindrical structure. The bottom and top of the lower liquid collection box 6 are open, and an overflow port 7 is formed on the upper part of the lower liquid collection box 6 near the inside of the electrolytic refining tank 1. The lower edge of the overflow port 7 is below the electrolyte level line. The upper liquid overflow box 10 is located on the upper side of the lower liquid collection box 6 and on the side opposite to the inside of the electrolytic refining tank 1. The upper liquid overflow box 10 is connected to the lower liquid collection box 6.

[0033] During copper electrolysis, the electrolyte enters the electrolytic refining tank 1 through the lower inlet pipe 2 or the upper inlet pipe 3. After electrolytic refining, the electrolyte continues to flow to the outlet of the electrolytic refining tank 1 and then flows out through the lower outlet collection box 6 and the upper outlet overflow box 10.

[0034] When the lower inlet pipe 2 is opened and the upper inlet pipe 3 is closed, the electrolyte flows into the electrolytic refining tank through the lower inlet pipe 2. The electrolyte diffuses from the inlet end to the outlet end. When the upper overflow port 7 of the lower outlet collection box 6 is opened, the electrolyte overflows through the overflow port 7 into the upper outlet overflow box 10, and finally overflows out of the electrolytic refining tank, thus forming a "bottom-in, top-out" cycle. When the upper inlet pipe 3 is opened and the lower inlet pipe 2 is closed, the electrolyte flows into the electrolytic refining tank through the upper inlet pipe 3. The electrolyte diffuses from the inlet end to the outlet end. When the upper overflow port 7 of the lower outlet collection box 6 is closed, the electrolyte flows in through the bottom opening of the lower outlet collection box 6, flows upward along the lower outlet collection box 6, then enters the upper outlet overflow box 10, and finally overflows out of the electrolytic refining tank, forming a "top-in, bottom-out" cycle, thus realizing the switching of the circulation mode of the copper refining electrolytic tank.

[0035] According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, the outlet of the liquid to be electrolyzed in the lower liquid inlet pipe 2 is located within one-fifth to two-fifths of the vertical height of the electrolytic refining tank 1.

[0036] According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, the outlet of the liquid to be electrolyzed in the upper liquid inlet pipe 3 is located at the liquid level of the electrolyte in the electrolytic refining tank 1.

[0037] According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, the lower inlet pipe 2 and the upper inlet pipe 3 are respectively provided with valves for switching on and off. These valves can be used to control whether the upper inlet pipe 3 and the lower inlet pipe 2 are switched on or off individually, or simultaneously.

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 CC view of the liquid collection box.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the upper overflow port 7 of the lower liquid collection box 6 is equipped with a baffle 11 for opening and closing the upper overflow port 7.

[0040] According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, the baffle 11 is slidable and fixedly adjusted by a slot and fastener 13 provided on the lower liquid collection box 6, thereby setting the upper overflow port 7 to an open or closed state. Preferably, the overflow port 7 is 30-40 mm wide and the immersion liquid level line is 940-50 mm, and the overflow drain ports 8 on both sides are 3-5 mm wide and the immersion liquid level line is 920-40 mm.

[0041] According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, drain ports 8 are respectively provided on the upper two sides of the lower liquid collection box 6, and the drain ports 8 are used to discharge the floating matter at the electrolyte page line position.

[0042] According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, the upper inlet pipe outlet 5 is connected to a 90° elbow. The inner diameter of the upper inlet pipe 3 can be set to 65 mm. The 90° elbow connected to the upper inlet pipe outlet 5 points towards the side wall of the electrolytic cell. Preferably, the center of the outlet section of the elbow connected to the upper inlet pipe 3 can be set at ±30 to 50 mm of the electrolyte level in the electrolytic refining cell.

[0043] According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, the lower inlet pipe outlet 4 is connected to a tee. The inner diameter of the lower inlet pipe 2 can be set to 65 mm. The tee of the lower inlet pipe outlet 4 is horizontal to the inner wall of the electrolytic refining tank end. Preferably, the center of the cross-section of the lower inlet pipe outlet 4 is permanently submerged 1000-1200 mm below the electrolyte level in the electrolytic refining tank.

[0044] According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, the top of the lower outlet liquid collection box 6 is flush with the upper edge of the electrolytic cell. The vertical length of the lower outlet liquid collection box 6 is 1100-1200 mm. Preferably, the upper cross-section of the lower outlet liquid collection box 6 can be set to a width of 300-350 mm and a side length of 50-60 mm; the lower cross-section of the lower outlet liquid collection box 6 is 500-550 mm wide and a side length of 60-70 mm. Preferably, the overall thickness of the lower outlet liquid collection box 6 is 2-5 mm, and the thickness of the overflow port 7 baffle 11 is 2-3 mm.

[0045] The copper electrolytic refining cell provided by this invention has two inlet pipes with different outlet positions at one end, allowing free switching between "top inlet" and "bottom inlet" for the inlet method. An outlet device is provided at the other end of the electrolytic cell, allowing free switching between "bottom outlet" and "top outlet" for the outlet method. By controlling the switching between these two methods, the flow and convection of the electrolyte within the electrolytic refining cell can be switched between "top inlet, bottom outlet" and "bottom inlet, top outlet". The structure is simple, with pipes and devices only at both ends of the electrolytic refining cell; no additional pipes or auxiliary components are needed on the sides or bottom of the electrolytic cell. The copper electrolytic refining cell according to this invention ensures uniform temperature and composition distribution within the cell, while also facilitating anode sludge settling. It allows for targeted selection based on the usage of copper anode plates, particularly promoting the sedimentation of copper anode sludge and reducing the occurrence of large-scale particle problems caused by copper anode sludge floating on the electrolyte surface.

[0046] In use, the internal dimensions of the electrolytic refining tank 1 are approximately 5.83 meters long, 1.15 meters wide, and 1.4 meters deep. The electrolytic refining tank has a lower inlet pipe 2 and an upper inlet pipe 3 at the inlet end. The lower inlet pipe outlet 4 is connected to a tee, and the upper inlet pipe outlet 5 is connected to a 90° elbow. Both the elbow and the tee are parallel to the electrolytic tank wall at the inlet end. The outlet end is equipped with a lower outlet collection box 6 and an upper outlet overflow box 10. The lower outlet collection box 6 has an overflow port 7 and a baffle 11 on its front side. The baffle 11 can slide downwards or upwards on the lower outlet collection box 6 via a slot and fastener 13, thus opening and closing the overflow port 7. The lower outlet collection box 6 has two drain ports 8 on each side. During operation, copper anode plates and cathodes are alternately placed inside the electrolytic refining cell, which can accommodate 56 copper anodes and 55 cathodes. The electrolyte is connected to the main electrolyte inlet pipe of each system through a high-level tank. The main pipe is connected to the inlet branch pipes of each electrolytic refining cell. The branch pipes are connected to the upper inlet pipe 3 and the lower inlet pipe 2 through Y-type tees. Each inlet pipe is controlled by a valve.

[0047] Furthermore, when selecting the "bottom-in, top-out" circulation method, the valve of the lower inlet pipe 2 is opened, and the valve of the upper inlet pipe 3 is closed. The electrolyte flows into the electrolytic refining tank through the lower inlet pipe 2. The electrolyte diffuses from the inlet end to the outlet end. The overflow port 7 baffle 11 of the lower outlet collection box 6 is adjusted by sliding the slot and fastener 13 to fully open the overflow port 7 of the lower outlet collection box 6. The electrolyte overflows through the overflow port 7 into the upper outlet overflow box 10 of the electrolytic refining tank. Finally, it overflows out of the electrolyte refining tank, completing the "bottom-in, top-out" circulation.

[0048] Furthermore, in the "top-in, bottom-out" circulation mode, the valve of the upper inlet pipe 3 is opened, and the valve of the lower inlet pipe 2 is closed. The electrolyte flows into the electrolytic refining tank through the upper inlet pipe 3. The electrolyte diffuses from the inlet end to the outlet end. The overflow port 7 baffle 11 of the lower outlet collection box 6 is adjusted by the slot and fastener 13 to completely close the overflow port 7 of the lower outlet collection box 6, and the electrolyte is basically shut off by overflowing from the lower outlet collection box 6. A U-shaped tube effect is formed between the lower outlet collection box 6 and the upper outlet overflow box 10 of the electrolytic refining tank. The electrolyte flows in from the lower part of the lower outlet collection box 6, passes through the lower part of the lower outlet collection box 6, and then enters the upper outlet overflow box 10 of the electrolytic refining tank. Finally, it overflows out of the electrolyte refining tank, completing the "top-in, bottom-out" circulation.

[0049] Furthermore, when switching from the "bottom in, top out" cycle to the "top in, bottom out" cycle, the valve of the lower inlet pipe 2 is closed at the inlet end, and the valve of the upper inlet pipe 3 is opened. At the outlet end, the baffle 11 of the overflow port 7 of the lower outlet collection box 6 is adjusted from fully open to fully closed by sliding the slot and fastener 13. After the operation is completed, the "bottom in, top out" cycle is switched to the "top in, bottom out" cycle.

[0050] Furthermore, when switching from the "top in, bottom out" cycle, a "bottom in, top out" cycle can be initiated. At the inlet end, close the valve of the upper inlet pipe 3 and open the valve of the lower inlet pipe 2. At the outlet end, adjust the overflow port 7 baffle 11 of the lower outlet collection box 6 from a fully closed state to a fully open state by sliding the slot and fastener 13. Once this is completed, the cycle can be switched from "top in, bottom out" to "bottom in, top out".

[0051] To prevent the accumulation of floating and suspended matter at the liquid level in the electrolytic cell during the "top-in, bottom-out" circulation, drain ports 8 are provided on both sides of the lower outlet collection box 6 to discharge the floating matter at the liquid level. Furthermore, the width of the drain ports 8 on both sides of the lower outlet collection box 6 is set to 3-5 mm, which does not affect the circulation effect of the "top-in, bottom-out" method.

[0052] To improve the electrolyte flow at the surface of the electrolytic refining cell during the "top-in, bottom-out" circulation mode and to promote uniform composition of the upper electrolyte, the overflow port 7 baffle 11 of the lower outlet collection box 6 is adjusted between fully closed and partially open by sliding the slot and fastener 13. Based on the actual production situation in the electrolytic cell, a "top-in, top-bottom dual-out" circulation mode is achieved, which effectively promotes uniform composition of the upper and lower electrolyte.

[0053] Experiments were conducted using the copper electrolytic refining cell provided by this invention, and comparative experiments were performed using copper anode plates of the same composition.

[0054] The composition of the copper anode plate is as follows:

[0055]

[0056] During use, this type of anode plate will generate a large number of floating anode mud particles, which will be adsorbed onto the cathode copper, causing copper particles to form on the cathode copper plate surface. This will lead to a short circuit between the anode and cathode, which will not only affect the quality of the cathode copper, but also reduce production and increase power consumption.

[0057] The results are shown in the table below:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Experimental data shows that, without using the electrolytic refining cell apparatus described in this invention, the average grade A copper content of the cathode copper is 84.68%, while with the electrolytic refining cell apparatus described in this invention, the average grade A copper content of the cathode copper is 94.74%. The difference is significant.

[0061] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus, comprising: The electrolytic refining tank body is a horizontally extending tank-shaped structure with a bottom surface and side walls. The electrolytic refining tank body has two ends, one end being the inlet end into which the liquid to be electrolyzed flows in, and the other end being the outlet end into which the liquid after electrolysis flows out. The lower and upper liquid inlet pipes are located at the liquid inlet ends of the electrolytic refining tank body and are used to input the liquid to be electrolyzed. The outlet of the lower liquid inlet pipe for inputting the liquid to be electrolyzed is located below half the vertical height of the electrolytic refining tank body, for inputting liquid from the lower part of the electrolytic refining tank body. The outlet of the upper liquid inlet pipe for inputting the liquid to be electrolyzed is located above half the vertical height of the electrolytic refining tank body, for inputting liquid from the upper part of the electrolytic refining tank body. A lower liquid outlet collection box and an upper liquid outlet overflow box are disposed at the outlet end of the electrolytic refining tank for discharging the liquid to be electrolyzed. The lower liquid outlet collection box is a U-shaped horizontal cross-section trough structure, vertically fixed to the side wall of the outlet end of the electrolytic refining tank to form a cylindrical structure. The bottom and top of the lower liquid outlet collection box are open, and an overflow port is formed on the upper part of the lower liquid outlet collection box near the interior of the electrolytic refining tank. The lower edge of the overflow port opening is below the electrolyte level line. The upper liquid outlet overflow box is located on the upper side of the lower liquid outlet collection box and opposite to the interior of the electrolytic refining tank. The upper liquid outlet overflow box is connected to the lower liquid outlet collection box. During copper electrolysis, the electrolyte enters the electrolytic refining tank through the lower or upper inlet pipe at the inlet end of the tank body. After electrolytic refining, the electrolyte continues to flow to the outlet end of the electrolytic refining tank body, and then flows out through the lower outlet collection box and the upper outlet overflow box. When the lower inlet pipe is opened and the upper inlet pipe is closed, the electrolyte flows into the electrolytic refining tank through the lower inlet pipe. The electrolyte diffuses from the inlet end to the outlet end. When the upper overflow port of the lower outlet collection box is opened, the electrolyte overflows into the upper outlet overflow box and finally overflows out of the electrolyte refining tank, thus forming a "bottom inlet, top outlet" circulation. When the upper inlet pipe is opened and the lower inlet pipe is closed, the electrolyte flows into the electrolytic refining cell through the upper inlet pipe. The electrolyte diffuses from the inlet end to the outlet end. When the upper overflow port of the lower outlet collection box is closed, the electrolyte flows in through the bottom opening of the lower outlet collection box, flows upward along the lower outlet collection box, enters the upper outlet overflow box, and finally overflows out of the electrolytic refining cell, forming an "upper inlet, lower outlet" cycle, thereby realizing the switching of the circulation mode of the copper refining electrolytic cell.

2. The copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, The outlet of the lower liquid inlet pipe for inputting the liquid to be electrolyzed is located within one-fifth to two-fifths of the vertical height of the electrolytic refining tank.

3. The copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, The outlet of the upper liquid inlet pipe, which is used to input the liquid to be electrolyzed, is located at the liquid level of the electrolyte in the electrolytic refining tank.

4. The copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, The lower and upper inlet pipes are each equipped with valves for switching on and off.

5. The copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, The overflow port of the lower liquid collection box is equipped with a baffle for opening and closing the overflow port.

6. The copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus as described in claim 5, wherein, The baffle is slidable and fixed by a slot and fasteners on the lower liquid collection box, thereby setting the upper overflow port to an open or closed state.

7. The copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, The upper two sides of the lower liquid collection box are respectively provided with drain ports, which are used to discharge floating objects at the electrolyte surface line position.

8. The copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, The upper liquid inlet pipe outlet is connected to a 90° elbow.

9. The copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, The lower inlet pipe outlet is connected to a tee.

10. The copper electrolytic refining cell apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein, The top of the liquid collection box is flush with the upper edge of the electrolytic cell.

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