An explosive cutting device for directional drilling of large diameter gas transmission crossing pipe strings

Abstract

The application provides an explosion cutting device for directional drilling of a large-diameter gas transmission crossing pipe column, which comprises, from top to bottom, a transmission assembly, a wiring assembly, an initiation assembly and a shaped cutting device, and cables are arranged in the transmission assembly and the wiring assembly. The small-diameter oil pipe of the transmission assembly carries the annular shaped cutting device, and after the shaped charge is detonated by the transmission of the current through the wiring assembly and the initiation assembly, a metal jet is formed to cut the pipe column at the upper end of the stuck position. Compared with the existing re-drilling construction method, the device can efficiently solve the sticking fault of the directional drilling construction crossing pipe column, reduces the construction period, reduces the operation cost and labor, and avoids the waste of manpower and material resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of handling accidents caused by stuck gas pipelines during directional drilling construction, and relates to pipeline cutting devices, specifically an explosive cutting device for large-diameter gas pipelines in directional drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of natural gas and shale gas, the construction of gas storage facilities and long-distance gas pipelines has become increasingly demanding. Under certain special geological conditions, directional drilling is required to cross gas pipelines. However, during directional drilling, pipe jamming frequently occurs, preventing further operations. Currently, in China, when this happens, the usual practice is to abandon the faulty pipe and re-drill around the existing directional borehole. This increases the construction period, operating costs, and wastes manpower and resources. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an explosive cutting device for large-diameter gas transmission pipelines in directional drilling, thereby solving the technical problems in existing technologies where it is difficult to handle pipeline jamming during directional drilling, requiring re-drilling, which leads to increased construction period, higher operating costs, and wasted manpower and resources.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] An explosive cutting device for directional drilling of large-diameter gas transmission pipelines includes a transmission assembly, a wiring assembly, an initiation assembly, and a shaped charge cutter connected sequentially from top to bottom. Cables are installed inside the transmission assembly and the wiring assembly.

[0006] The shaped charge cutter includes an upper cutter connector, the top of which is connected to the detonation shell of the detonation assembly. The bottom of the upper cutter connector is detachably mounted on the top of an intermediate connector, the bottom of which is located at the center of the shaped charge shell. The shaped charge shell is a hollow tube structure in the shape of a ring. An inner cutting ring is integrally formed inside the shaped charge shell. A charging hole is opened on the top surface of the shaped charge shell, and an annular sealing cap is detachably installed at the charging hole. The space enclosed by the annular sealing cap, the inner side of the inner cutting ring, and the shaped charge shell is the shaped charge cavity. Multiple connecting pipes are arranged radially between the shaped charge shell and the intermediate connector. The inner and outer ends of the connecting pipes are open. The inner end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the intermediate connector and communicates with it. The outer end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of the shaped charge shell and communicates with the shaped charge cavity.

[0007] The cutter is filled with explosives in the upper connector, a first detonator in the middle connector, a second detonator in the connecting pipe, and a shaped charge in the shaped charge chamber. The top of the explosive is in contact with the bottom of the detonator, the bottom of the explosive is in contact with the top of the first detonator, the bottom of the first detonator is in contact with the inside of the second detonator, and the outside of the second detonator is in contact with the shaped charge.

[0008] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0009] The bottom end of the shaped charge shell is fixedly connected to a cutter guide sleeve.

[0010] The outer surface of the top of the cutter connector is provided with threads and a sealing ring mounting groove; the outer surface of the top of the intermediate connector is provided with threads and a sealing ring mounting groove.

[0011] The central angle formed by the intermediate connector and the two adjacent connecting pipes is α, and the multiple connecting pipes are evenly distributed with equal central angles.

[0012] The outer end face of the inner cutting ring is a concave V-shaped structure, and the concave part is an arc-shaped structure.

[0013] The transmission assembly includes multiple oil pipes connected sequentially from top to bottom. The bottom of the oil pipe at the bottom is fixedly connected to the transmission housing. A cable sealing sleeve is provided inside the bottom of the oil pipe. A cable fixing sleeve is provided inside the cable sealing sleeve. A cable is provided inside the cable fixing sleeve. The top end of the cable extends upward through the top end of the oil pipe, and the bottom end of the cable extends downward through the transmission housing and into the wiring assembly.

[0014] The wiring assembly includes a wiring housing, the top of which is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the transmission housing of the transmission assembly; a wiring insulating sleeve is provided inside the wiring housing, a rotating conductive seat is rotatably installed inside the top of the wiring insulating sleeve, a cable terminal block is interference-connected inside the rotating conductive seat, and the bottom end of the cable is fixedly installed inside the cable terminal block; a pressure screw is installed inside the bottom of the wiring insulating sleeve, the pressure screw is located directly below the rotating conductive seat, and the top of the pressure screw is in contact with the bottom surface of the rotating conductive seat.

[0015] The cable terminal block has a through hole at its center, through which the bottom end of the cable passes and is fixedly installed inside the cable terminal block by a wiring fixing screw.

[0016] The detonation assembly includes a detonation housing, the top of which is fixedly installed inside the bottom of a wiring housing. A detonation insulating sleeve is fixedly installed inside the top of the detonation housing, and a conductive pin is installed inside the top of the insulating sleeve. The tip of the conductive pin contacts the wiring assembly. A spring is installed inside the bottom of the insulating sleeve, and the tip of the spring contacts the bottom of the conductive pin. A wiring fixing seat is fixedly installed inside the detonation housing below the insulating sleeve. A detonator is filled inside the wiring fixing seat, with the tip of the detonator extending into the insulating sleeve and the bottom of the detonator contacting the shaped charge cutter.

[0017] The present invention also protects the energy-concentrating cutter as described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0019] The explosive cutting device of the present invention for large-diameter gas transmission pipelines in directional drilling employs a small-diameter oil pipe in the transmission assembly to carry an annular shaped charge cutter. After the shaped charge is detonated by the wiring assembly and the detonation assembly, a metal jet is formed, achieving cutting of the pipeline at the upper end of the jammed location. Compared with the existing construction method of re-drilling, the device of the present invention can efficiently solve the problem of jammed pipelines in directional drilling, reduce the construction period, lower operating costs and manpower, and avoid waste of human and material resources. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the energy-concentrating cutter.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the energy-concentrating cutter.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an explosive cutting device used for directional drilling of large-diameter gas transmission pipelines.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring assembly.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the detonation assembly.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a construction diagram illustrating the use of the explosive cutting device of the present invention to cut a target tubing.

[0027] Figure 8 The cutting effect of the explosive cutting device of the present invention on the target tubing.

[0028] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1-Transmission component, 2-Wiring component, 3-Detonation component, 4-Shaped charge cutter, 5-Cable, 6-Target string.

[0029] 101-oil pipe, 102-transmission housing, 103-cable sealing sleeve, 104-cable fixing sleeve.

[0030] 201-Wiring housing, 202-Wiring insulation sleeve, 203-Rotating conductive base, 204-Cable terminal block, 205-Pressure screw, 206-Wiring fixing screw.

[0031] 301-Detonating casing, 302-Detonating insulating sleeve, 303-Conductive pin, 304-Spring, 305-Wire fixing base, 306-Detonating body.

[0032] 401-Upper connector of cutter, 402-Intermediate connector, 403-Shaped charge housing, 404-Inner cutting ring, 405-Annular sealing cap, 406-Connecting pipe, 407-Explosive, 408-First detonator, 409-Second detonator, 410-Shaped charge, 411-Cutter guide sleeve.

[0033] The specific content of the present invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In this invention: directional drilling large-diameter gas transmission pipeline refers to a pipeline with a diameter of 510 mm or more, used for transporting gases such as natural gas and shale gas.

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all components in this invention are components known in the art, such as:

[0036] The tubing 101 uses conventional small-diameter tubing known in the prior art, preferably tubing with a diameter of 60.3 mm.

[0037] Cable 5 is a conventional rigid cable known in the prior art.

[0038] The detonator 306 adopts a conventional detonator known in the prior art, preferably a detonating charge or a detonator.

[0039] The first detonator 408 and the second detonator 409 use conventional detonators known in the prior art.

[0040] The shaped charge 410 uses conventional shaped charges known in the prior art.

[0041] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] This embodiment provides a shaped charge cutter, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a cutter upper connector 401, the bottom of which is detachably mounted on the top of an intermediate connector 402. The bottom of the intermediate connector 402 is located at the center of a shaped charge housing 403. The shaped charge housing 403 is a hollow tube structure in the shape of a ring. An inner cutting ring 404 is integrally formed inside the shaped charge housing 403. A loading hole is opened on the top surface of the shaped charge housing 403, and an annular sealing cap 405 is detachably mounted at the loading hole. The space enclosed by the annular sealing cap 405, the inner side of the inner cutting ring 404, and the shaped charge housing 403 is the shaped charge cavity. Multiple connecting pipes 406 are arranged radially between the shaped charge housing 403 and the intermediate connector 402. The inner and outer ends of the connecting pipes 406 are... The connecting tube 406 is open; the inner end of the connecting tube 406 is fixedly connected to the intermediate connecting head 402 and communicates with the intermediate connecting head 402; the outer end of the connecting tube 406 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the shaped charge shell 403 and communicates with the shaped charge cavity; the upper connector 401 of the cutter is filled with explosive 407, the intermediate connecting head 402 is filled with the first detonator 408, the connecting tube 406 is filled with the second detonator 409, and the shaped charge cavity is filled with shaped charge 410; the top of the explosive 407 is in contact with the bottom of the detonator 306, the bottom of the explosive 407 is in contact with the top of the first detonator 408, the bottom of the first detonator 408 is in contact with the inner side of the second detonator 409, and the outer side of the second detonator 409 is in contact with the shaped charge 410.

[0044] In this embodiment, the upper connector 401, intermediate connector 402, shaped charge housing 403, connecting pipe 406, and cutter guide sleeve 411 of the cutter are all made of metal. The connecting pipe 406 has a double-layered tube to ensure the strength of the overall structure. The intermediate connector 402, shaped charge housing 403, connecting pipe 406, and cutter guide sleeve 411 are fixedly connected together by welding to further ensure the strength and stability of the overall structure.

[0045] In this embodiment, the current transmitted by the transmission component 1, the wiring component 2 and the detonation component 3 can detonate the explosive 407, the first detonator 408, the second detonator 409 and the shaped charge 410, thereby enabling the shaped charge cutter 4 to cut the target tube.

[0046] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a cutter guide sleeve 411 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shaped charge housing 403. In this embodiment, the cutter guide sleeve 411 is used to guide the lower end of the cutting target tubing.

[0047] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outer surface of the top of the upper connector 401 of the cutter is provided with threads and a sealing ring mounting groove to achieve a reliable sealed connection with the detonating casing 301. The outer surface of the top of the intermediate connector 402 is provided with threads and a sealing ring mounting groove to achieve a reliable sealed connection with the upper connector 401 of the cutter.

[0048] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the central angle formed by the intermediate connector 402 and the two adjacent connecting pipes 406 is α, and the multiple connecting pipes 406 are evenly distributed with equal central angles. In this embodiment, there are three connecting pipes 406, and α is 120°.

[0049] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outer end face of the inner cutting ring 404 is a concave V-shaped structure, and the concave part is an arc-shaped structure. In this embodiment, the inner cutting ring 404 is made of copper. The structure of the inner cutting ring 404 facilitates the formation of a metal jet, thereby achieving the cutting of the target tube column.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] This embodiment provides an explosive cutting device for directional drilling of large-diameter gas transmission pipelines, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes a transmission component 1, a wiring component 2, an initiation component 3, and a shaped charge cutter 4 connected sequentially from top to bottom. Cables 5 are installed inside the transmission component 1 and the wiring component 2. The shaped charge cutter 4 is the shaped charge cutter of Embodiment 1.

[0052] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the transmission assembly 1 includes multiple oil pipes 101 connected sequentially from top to bottom. The bottom of the oil pipe 101 at the bottom is fixedly connected to the transmission housing 102. A cable sealing sleeve 103 is provided inside the bottom of the oil pipe 101. A cable fixing sleeve 104 is provided inside the cable sealing sleeve 103. A cable 5 is provided inside the cable fixing sleeve 104. The top end of the cable 5 passes through the top end of the oil pipe 101 and extends downward through the transmission housing 102 and into the wiring assembly 2.

[0053] In this embodiment, the surface of the oil pipe 101 is provided with threads and a sealing ring mounting groove, which can realize threaded sealing connection between multiple oil pipes 101. The oil pipe 101 at the bottom is connected to the transmission housing 102 by welding.

[0054] In this embodiment, the cable sealing sleeve 103 is made of rubber, and the cable fixing sleeve 104 is made of metal. The structure formed by the two can achieve the fixed connection and sealing of the cable 5. It should be noted that the cable fixing sleeve 104 does not restrict the rotation of the cable 5, but only serves to limit the cable 5 to prevent it from shifting significantly to the left or right.

[0055] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the wiring assembly 2 includes a wiring housing 201, the top of which is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the transmission housing 102 of the transmission assembly 1; a wiring insulating sleeve 202 is provided inside the wiring housing 201, a rotating conductive seat 203 is rotatably installed inside the top of the wiring insulating sleeve 202, a cable terminal block 204 is interference-connected inside the rotating conductive seat 203, and the bottom end of the cable 5 is fixedly installed inside the cable terminal block 204; a pressure screw 205 is installed inside the bottom of the wiring insulating sleeve 202, the pressure screw 205 is located directly below the rotating conductive seat 203, and the top of the pressure screw 205 is in contact with the bottom surface of the rotating conductive seat 203.

[0056] In this embodiment, the wiring assembly 2 is used to connect and conduct with the detonation assembly 3 to realize the ground-based remote detonation of the shaped charge cutter 4 that is inserted into the cutting target column.

[0057] In this embodiment, the wiring insulation sleeve 202 can isolate the internal conductive structure from the metal wiring shell 201.

[0058] In this embodiment, the rotating conductive base 203 is installed using a conventional rotatable method, such as bearing mounting. The pressure screw 205 reliably contacts the rotating conductive base 203, enabling circuit connection, but the pressure screw 205 does not restrict the rotation of the rotating conductive base 203. During the lowering of the cutter, when the cable 5 rotates, it will drive the rotating conductive base 203 and the cable terminal block 204 to rotate together. The structure composed of the rotating conductive base 203, the cable terminal block 204, and the pressure screw 205 can both connect the circuit and ensure that the cable 5 rotates automatically, preventing the cable 5 from twisting and breaking, thereby avoiding circuit breakage or short circuit.

[0059] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a through hole is provided at the center of the cable terminal block 204. The bottom end of the cable 5 passes through the through hole and is fixedly installed in the cable terminal block 204 by a wiring fixing screw 206. The wiring fixing screw 206 can ensure the stable fixation of the cable 5.

[0060] As one specific solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the detonation assembly 3 includes a detonation housing 301, the top of which is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the wiring housing 201; a detonation insulating sleeve 302 is fixedly installed inside the top of the detonation housing 301, and a conductive pin 303 is installed inside the top of the detonation insulating sleeve 302. The top of the conductive pin 303 contacts the pressure screw 205 of the wiring assembly 2. A spring 304 is provided inside the bottom of the detonation insulating sleeve 302, and the top of the spring 304 contacts the bottom of the conductive pin 303; a wiring fixing seat 305 is fixedly installed inside the detonation housing 301 below the detonation insulating sleeve 302, and a detonator 306 is filled inside the wiring fixing seat 305. The top of the detonator 306 extends into the detonation insulating sleeve 302, and the bottom of the detonator 306 contacts the shaped charge cutter 4.

[0061] In this embodiment, the surface of the detonating housing 301 is provided with threads and a sealing ring mounting groove for achieving a threaded and sealed connection with the wiring assembly 2. The conductive pin 303 makes reliable conductive contact with the compression screw 205 at the bottom of the wiring assembly 2 via a spring 304, and simultaneously connects to the lead wire of the detonator 306, thus connecting the entire detonation circuit.

[0062] Effect verification:

[0063] Taking a stuck 510mm diameter tubing string encountered during directional drilling as an example, the explosive cutting device of this invention is used to cut the stuck tubing string. The downhole construction process is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the specific process is as follows:

[0064] The shaped charge 410 is loaded into the shaped charge chamber, and the annular sealing cap 405 is closed. Then, the first detonator 408 and the second detonator 409 are loaded into the intermediate connector 402 and the connecting pipe 406. The explosive 407 is loaded into the upper connector 401 of the cutter, completing the assembly of the shaped charge cutter 4. From bottom to top, the shaped charge cutter 4, the detonating assembly 3, and the wiring assembly 2 are connected to the lowest small-diameter oil pipe 101. First, the device with one oil pipe 101 is lowered into the target pipe 6 that is stuck. Then, another oil pipe 101 is connected to the upper end of the lowest oil pipe 101. Before connecting the oil pipes 101, the connecting cable 5 is connected and fixed and sealed. Then, the two 101s are connected. The entire tool string is transported into the drill rod using a drilling rig. This process is repeated until the entire cutting device is transported to the cutting position by the drilling rig. The cutting device is detonated using a special detonator on the ground to cut the 510mm diameter pipe. After cutting, the cut device is removed using a drilling rig. Finally, the 510mm diameter pipe string is removed using the drilling rig to complete the construction. The effect of the cut pipe string is as follows. Figure 8 As shown, from Figure 8 The results show that the tubular cutting was successfully achieved.

Claims

1. An explosive cutting device for directional drilling of large-diameter gas transmission pipelines, characterized in that, It includes a transmission assembly (1), a wiring assembly (2), an initiation assembly (3) and a shaped charge cutter (4) connected from top to bottom. Cables (5) are installed inside the transmission assembly (1) and the wiring assembly (2). The shaped charge cutter (4) includes a cutter upper connector (401), the top of which is connected to the detonation housing (301) of the detonation assembly (3), and the bottom of which is detachably installed on the top of the intermediate connector (402), the bottom of which is located at the center of the shaped charge housing (403). The shaped charge housing (403) is a hollow tube structure in the shape of a ring, and an inner cutting ring (404) is fixedly installed inside the shaped charge housing (403). A charging hole is opened on the top surface of the shaped charge housing (403), and the charging hole is detachable. The device is equipped with an annular sealing cap (405). The space enclosed by the annular sealing cap (405), the inner side of the inner cutting ring (404), and the shaped charge housing (403) is the shaped charge cavity. Multiple connecting pipes (406) are arranged radially between the shaped charge housing (403) and the intermediate connector (402). The inner and outer ends of the connecting pipes (406) are open. The inner end of the connecting pipe (406) is fixedly connected to the intermediate connector (402) and communicates with the intermediate connector (402). The outer end of the connecting pipe (406) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the shaped charge housing (403) and communicates with the shaped charge cavity. The cutter's upper connector (401) is filled with explosive (407), the middle connector (402) is filled with a first detonator (408), the connecting pipe (406) is filled with a second detonator (409), and the shaped charge cavity is filled with a shaped charge (410); the top of the explosive (407) is in contact with the bottom of the detonator (306), the bottom of the explosive (407) is in contact with the top of the first detonator (408), the bottom of the first detonator (408) is in contact with the inner side of the second detonator (409), and the outer side of the second detonator (409) is in contact with the shaped charge (410); The wiring assembly (2) includes a wiring housing (201), the top of which is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the transmission housing (102) of the transmission assembly (1); a wiring insulating sleeve (202) is provided inside the wiring housing (201), a rotating conductive seat (203) is rotatably installed inside the top of the wiring insulating sleeve (202), a cable terminal block (204) is interference-connected inside the rotating conductive seat (203), and the bottom end of the cable (5) is fixedly installed inside the cable terminal block (204); a pressure screw (205) is installed inside the bottom of the wiring insulating sleeve (202), the pressure screw (205) is located directly below the rotating conductive seat (203), and the top of the pressure screw (205) is in contact with the bottom surface of the rotating conductive seat (203); The detonation assembly (3) includes a detonation housing (301), the top of which is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the wiring housing (201); a detonation insulating sleeve (302) is fixedly installed inside the top of the detonation housing (301), a conductive pin (303) is installed inside the top of the detonation insulating sleeve (302), the top of the conductive pin (303) is in contact with the wiring assembly (2), a spring (304) is provided inside the bottom of the detonation insulating sleeve (302), the top of the spring (304) is in contact with the bottom of the conductive pin (303); a wiring fixing seat (305) is fixedly installed inside the detonation housing (301) below the detonation insulating sleeve (302), a detonator (306) is filled inside the wiring fixing seat (305), the top of the detonator (306) extends into the detonation insulating sleeve (302), and the bottom of the detonator (306) is in contact with the shaped charge cutter (4).

2. The explosive cutting device for directional drilling large-diameter gas transmission pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the shaped charge housing (403) is fixedly connected to a cutter guide sleeve (411).

3. The explosive cutting device for directional drilling large-diameter gas transmission pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the top of the cutter connector (401) is provided with threads and a sealing ring mounting groove; the outer surface of the top of the intermediate connector (402) is provided with threads and a sealing ring mounting groove.

4. The explosive cutting device for directional drilling large-diameter gas transmission pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The central angle formed by the intermediate connector (402) and the two adjacent connecting pipes (406) is α, and the multiple connecting pipes (406) are evenly distributed with equal central angles.

5. The explosive cutting device for directional drilling large-diameter gas transmission pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer end face of the inner cutting ring (404) is a concave V-shaped structure, and the concave part is an arc-shaped structure.

6. The explosive cutting device for directional drilling large-diameter gas transmission pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (1) includes multiple oil pipes (101) connected sequentially from top to bottom. The bottom of the oil pipe (101) at the bottom is fixedly connected to the transmission housing (102). A cable sealing sleeve (103) is provided inside the bottom of the oil pipe (101). A cable fixing sleeve (104) is provided inside the cable sealing sleeve (103). A cable (5) is provided inside the cable fixing sleeve (104). The top end of the cable (5) extends upward through the top end of the oil pipe (101), and the bottom end of the cable (5) extends downward through the transmission housing (102) and into the wiring assembly (2).

7. The explosive cutting device for directional drilling large-diameter gas transmission pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cable connector (204) has a through hole at its center. The bottom end of the cable (5) passes through the through hole and is fixedly installed in the cable connector (204) by a wiring fixing screw (206).

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