Nuclear power air conditioning unit heat exchanger

Abstract

The application discloses a nuclear power air conditioning unit heat exchanger, and relates to the technical field of air conditioning heat exchangers, comprising a mounting frame, a plurality of heat conduction pipes connected head to tail are arranged in the mounting frame in a vertical direction, a group of fins are sleeved on the circumferential surface of each heat conduction pipe, each group of fins is provided with a plurality of fins, a first heat dissipation channel is formed between two left and right adjacent fins in each group of fins, and a second heat dissipation channel is formed between two upper and lower adjacent heat conduction pipes. The application synchronously controls the area of all the first heat dissipation channels, realizes accurate control of heat exchange capacity, avoids temperature difference formed on the heat conduction pipes due to uneven contact with air flow, guides the air flow generated by the fan by arranging the air deflector, makes the area with higher temperature on the fins contact with the air flow more, improves the heat exchange efficiency, prolongs the service life of the heat conduction pipes, and makes the service life of the heat exchanger meet the requirements of long-term operation and high requirements of the nuclear power unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air conditioning heat exchanger technology, and particularly to a heat exchanger for nuclear power air conditioning units. Background Technology

[0002] A finned radiator is a common type of heat exchanger used to transfer heat from one fluid to another, typically for cooling or heating. Its main characteristic is the addition of a series of metal fins to the heat exchange pipes or surfaces, which increase the heat exchange surface area and thus improve heat dissipation efficiency. In air conditioning heat exchanger applications, it is primarily used for cooling fluids.

[0003] In heat exchanger systems, the amount of heat exchanged is typically regulated by adjusting the temperature or flow rate of the heat transfer medium (such as hot water or steam) in the inlet pipe. While this method is effective in controlling the heat exchange process, the regulating valves involved are prone to leaks after prolonged use. This not only increases the complexity of maintenance but may also pose safety hazards, especially in critical areas such as nuclear power plants, where these issues can adversely affect the normal operation of the system.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned issues, Chinese Patent No. CN103344033B discloses an air conditioning heat exchanger, comprising a square mounting frame plate, with several heat exchange tubes arranged side by side inside the mounting frame plate, and heat dissipation fins connected in series on the heat exchange tubes. The characteristic feature is that the heat exchange tubes are divided into at least two groups, with the first and last heat exchange tubes of each group connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe on one side of the mounting frame plate. The gap between each group of heat exchange tubes and the mounting frame plate or adjacent heat exchange tube groups forms an air duct. Each group of heat exchange tubes is provided with a heat exchange air volume adjustment device on both the upper and lower sides that can adjust the size of the air duct and the ventilation volume of the heat exchange tubes.

[0005] Although the aforementioned patents have solved the leakage problem of the regulating valve, the heat exchange air volume regulating device causes a temperature difference between the heat pipes. This temperature difference leads to uneven thermal stress inside the heat pipes, which ultimately causes material fatigue and deterioration, especially at the connection between the beginning and end of the heat pipes, thereby reducing the service life of the heat pipes. Based on this, the present invention proposes a heat exchanger for nuclear power air conditioning units. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat exchanger for nuclear power air conditioning units to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A heat exchanger for a nuclear power air conditioning unit includes a mounting frame. Inside the mounting frame, several heat-conducting pipes are arranged vertically in sequence. The first and last heat-conducting pipes are connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe located on one side of the mounting frame, respectively. Each heat-conducting pipe has a set of fins fitted on its circumference. Several fins are provided in each set. A first heat dissipation channel is formed between two adjacent fins on the left and right sides in each set of fins, and a second heat dissipation channel is formed between two adjacent heat-conducting pipes on the top and bottom sides. As the area of ​​several first heat dissipation channels increases simultaneously, the area of ​​the second heat dissipation channel gradually decreases; as the area of ​​several first heat dissipation channels decreases simultaneously, the area of ​​the second heat dissipation channel gradually increases.

[0008] Preferably, the fins are fixedly sleeved onto the heat pipe; In each group of fins, there are circular rings arranged between two adjacent fins on the left and right. A through groove is opened on one side of the circular ring, and an air bag is installed in the through groove. The air bag is connected to the first air pipe. All the first air pipes are connected to the air inlet pipe, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the pneumatic controller.

[0009] Preferably, a first baffle is slidably mounted in the mounting frame along the vertical direction, and the first baffle is located directly behind the heat pipe. Several evenly distributed first ventilation areas are opened on the first baffle along the vertical direction, and a first shielding area is provided between two adjacent first ventilation areas.

[0010] Preferably, a sleeve is arranged directly below the first baffle, a piston is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve, a piston rod is fixedly installed at the upper end of the piston, the upper end of the piston rod movably passes through the sleeve and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first baffle, a second air pipe is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sleeve, and the second air pipe communicates with the inner cavity of the sleeve, and the other end of the second air pipe communicates with the air inlet pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the fins are slidably sleeved on the heat pipe; The second baffle is slidably mounted vertically inside the mounting frame and is located directly behind the fins. The end face of the second baffle near the fins has an array of guide grooves that are the same number as the number of heat pipes. The number of guide grooves in each group is the same as the number of fins in a group. A set of guide grooves consists of a vertical guide groove and several inclined guide grooves with progressively increasing inclination. The inclined guide grooves are inclined toward the direction of the vertical guide groove. The vertical groove and the inclined grooves are at the same height in the vertical direction. Each guide groove is slidably connected to the corresponding fin.

[0012] Preferably, the second baffle is provided with a second shielding area in the same number as the heat conduction pipes, the guide groove is located on the second shielding area, and a second ventilation area is provided between two adjacent second shielding areas.

[0013] Preferably, each vertical guide groove is located on the side closest to the direction of heat source flow.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a fan arranged directly behind the mounting frame.

[0015] Preferably, an air guide hood is installed between the fan and the mounting frame. The air guide hood has several horizontally inclined horizontal air guide plates arranged inside, and the distance between two adjacent horizontal air guide plates gradually decreases in the direction away from the water inlet pipe. The air guide hood also has several vertically inclined vertical air guide plates arranged inside, and the distance between two adjacent vertical air guide plates gradually decreases in the direction away from the heat source.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention synchronously controls the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel formed between all adjacent fins. As the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel increases, the heat exchange gradually increases. This method not only achieves precise control of the heat exchange, but also avoids the temperature difference caused by uneven airflow on the heat pipe, reducing the probability of heat pipe damage and enabling the heat exchanger to meet the requirements of nuclear power units that need to operate for a long time and have high requirements.

[0017] (2) In this invention, if the fins are fixedly installed, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel is controlled by the expansion and contraction of the airbag. When the airbag expands, the first baffle moves upward in the vertical direction, so that the first ventilation area and the second heat dissipation channel overlap, ensuring the basic ventilation of the heat pipe. When the airbag contracts, the first baffle moves downward in the vertical direction to reset, so that the first shielding area and the second heat dissipation area overlap, guiding the airflow to the first heat dissipation channel and improving the heat exchange efficiency. If the fins are slidably installed, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel is adjusted by the mutual movement between the fins. The movement between the fins is achieved by the movement of the second baffle in the vertical direction. When the second baffle moves upward, the distance between two adjacent fins decreases, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel decreases, and the second ventilation area overlaps with the second heat dissipation channel, ensuring the basic ventilation of the heat pipe. When the second baffle moves downward, the distance between two adjacent fins increases, the area of ​​the first heat exchange channel increases, and the adjacent second shielding area overlaps with the second heat dissipation channel, guiding the airflow to the first heat dissipation channel and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0018] (3) In this invention, the airflow generated by the fan is guided by the air guide shroud, so that the area with higher temperature on the fins comes into more contact with the airflow, which can transfer heat more effectively, improve heat exchange efficiency, and reduce energy loss. At the same time, by balancing the temperature at different locations, the temperature gradient inside the heat pipe can be reduced, which helps to reduce the thermal stress inside the heat pipe and extend the service life of the heat pipe. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the entire heat exchanger proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the entire heat exchanger from another perspective, as presented in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first baffle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat pipe structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ring mounting structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the ring and the heat pipe in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first trachea, the second trachea, and the air inlet pipe in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the increased heat exchange state when the fins are installed in a sliding manner in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the reduced heat exchange state when the fins are installed in a sliding manner in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the fins are installed in a sliding manner in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the guide groove in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the guide groove in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air guide cover in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Mounting frame; 11. Inlet water pipe; 12. Outlet water pipe; 2. Heat pipe; 3. Fins; 31. Ring; 32. Through groove; 33. Airbag; 34. First air pipe; 35. Air inlet pipe; 36. Limiting rod; 37. Guide block; 4. Air guide shroud; 41. Horizontal air guide plate; 42. Vertical air guide plate; 5. Fan; 6. First baffle; 61. First ventilation area; 62. First shielding area; 63. Guide rod; 64. Spring; 65. Sleeve; 66. Piston rod; 67. Piston; 68. Second air pipe; 7. Second baffle; 71. Second ventilation area; 72. Second shielding area; 73. Guide groove; 74. Rotary cylinder; 75. Two-link rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-15This embodiment proposes a heat exchanger for a nuclear power plant air conditioning unit, including a mounting frame 1. Several horizontally arranged heat-conducting pipes 2 are sequentially arranged vertically inside the mounting frame 1, with adjacent heat-conducting pipes 2 connected end-to-end. The first and last heat-conducting pipes 2 are respectively connected to an inlet pipe 11 and an outlet pipe 12 located on one side of the mounting frame 1. Each heat-conducting pipe 2 has a set of fins 3 fitted onto its circumference. Several fins 3 are arranged in each set. A first heat dissipation channel is formed between two adjacent fins 3 in each set, and a second heat dissipation channel is formed between two adjacent heat-conducting pipes 2. When the heat exchanger is working, the heat source fluid flows in through the inlet pipe 11 and conducts heat to the fins 3. Heat exchange is completed between the fins 3 and the airflow flowing through the first and second heat dissipation channels. The cooled fluid is discharged through the outlet pipe 12. In practical applications, the heat exchanger typically adjusts its heat exchange capacity by regulating the temperature of the hot water or the steam flow rate within the inlet pipe 11. While this method effectively regulates the heat exchange capacity, the regulating valves for hot water or steam flow can leak during long-term use, leading to significant maintenance workload, safety hazards, and disruption to the normal operation of the nuclear power unit. To address these issues, existing technologies adjust the heat exchange capacity by controlling the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel. Since airflow is essential for the heat exchanger's operation, the presence of the second heat dissipation channel effectively prevents overheating and damage to the heat pipe 2. For example, to increase the heat exchange capacity, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel is increased, allowing the airflow to fully contact the fins 3, while the area of ​​the second heat dissipation channel is reduced, causing the airflow to concentrate in the first channel and improving heat dissipation efficiency. Conversely, to decrease the heat exchange capacity, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel is reduced, decreasing heat exchange efficiency, while the area of ​​the second heat dissipation channel is increased to provide basic ventilation for the heat pipe 2, preventing overheating and damage.

[0023] When controlling the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel, if a shield is arranged on the outside of the first heat dissipation channel to shield it, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel can be controlled by adjusting the area of ​​the shield. However, in this adjustment method, there is a temperature difference between the shielded and unshielded first heat dissipation channels. This temperature difference will cause uneven thermal stress inside the heat pipe 2, which will lead to material fatigue and deterioration of the heat pipe 2, thereby reducing its lifespan. This is a serious problem for long-term operation and high-requirement nuclear power unit applications. Therefore, the present invention synchronously controls the area of ​​each first heat dissipation channel to avoid local overheating of the heat pipe 2.

[0024] Since the first heat dissipation channel is located between two adjacent fins 3, the following two schemes can be divided according to the installation method of the fins 3: In the first scheme, the fins 3 are fixedly sleeved on the heat-conducting pipe 2. Specifically, in each group of fins 3, a ring 31 is arranged between two adjacent fins 3 on the left and right. A through groove 32 is opened on one side of the ring 31. An air bag 33 is installed in the through groove 32. The air bag 33 is connected to a first air pipe 34. All the first air pipes 34 are connected to an air inlet pipe 35. The other end of the air inlet pipe 35 is connected to a pneumatic controller. The pneumatic controller is not shown in the figure. The pneumatic controller adopts the existing known equipment. Since it is not the focus of the technical solution claimed in this application, it will not be described in detail. When the heat exchanger is not in operation, the pneumatic controller inputs positive pressure into the air bladder 33 through the air inlet pipe 35. The air bladder 33 expands and completely seals the first heat dissipation channel, preventing dust from accumulating on the fins 3. When the heat exchanger is in operation, the pneumatic controller inputs negative pressure into the air bladder 33 through the air inlet pipe 35. The air bladder 33 contracts, increasing the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel. As the heat exchange increases, the degree of contraction of the air bladder 33 also increases until the air bladder 33 is completely contracted into the through slot 32. At this time, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel is at its maximum, which facilitates full contact between the fins 3 and the airflow, realizing heat exchange between the heat source and the cold airflow.

[0025] Based on the above solution, when increasing the heat exchange capacity, the heat exchange efficiency will be reduced because the second heat dissipation channel will divert some of the airflow. Therefore, the present invention has a first baffle 6 slidably mounted in the mounting frame 1 along the vertical direction, and the first baffle 6 is located directly behind the heat pipe 2. Several evenly distributed first ventilation areas 61 are opened on the first baffle 6 along the vertical direction, and a first shielding area 62 is provided between two adjacent first ventilation areas 61. When the heat exchanger is not in operation, the first ventilation area 61 is located directly behind the second heat dissipation channel, and the first shielding area 62 is located directly behind the first heat dissipation channel. As the heat exchange increases, the first baffle 6 moves vertically upward, causing the first ventilation area 61 to move to the rear of the first heat dissipation channel, ensuring that airflow enters the first heat dissipation channel through the first ventilation area 61. Meanwhile, the first shielding area 62 moves to the rear of the second heat dissipation channel, gradually blocking the second heat dissipation channel and guiding the airflow into the first heat dissipation channel, increasing the heat exchange efficiency in the first heat dissipation channel. As the heat exchange increases, the first baffle 6 moves vertically downward to reset, shielding the first heat dissipation channel through the first shielding area 62, reducing the heat exchange efficiency. The first ventilation area 61 gradually overlaps with the second heat dissipation channel, ensuring basic ventilation and preventing the heat pipe 2 from overheating and being damaged. To reduce the obstruction of airflow by the first shielding area 62, in this embodiment, the end face of the first shielding area 62 near the airflow is set as an arc surface inclined towards the first shielding area 62, used to guide the airflow into the first heat dissipation channel.

[0026] To save on manufacturing costs, this solution uses a single power unit to drive the linear motion of the first baffle 6 in the vertical direction and the expansion and contraction of the airbag 33. Specifically, a sleeve 65 is arranged directly below the first baffle 6. In this embodiment, a groove is provided in the mounting frame 1 corresponding to the position of the sleeve 65. The sleeve 65 is fixedly installed in the groove. A piston 67 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve 65. A piston rod 66 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the piston 67. The upper end of the piston rod 66 moves through the sleeve 65 and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first baffle 6. A second air pipe 68 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sleeve 65 and communicates with the inner cavity of the sleeve 65. The other end of the second air pipe 68 communicates with the air inlet pipe 35. When the heat exchanger is not in operation, the pneumatic controller inputs positive pressure into the inner cavity of the sleeve 65 through the second air pipe 68. The gas pushes the piston 67 to move upward. The piston 67 drives the first baffle 6 to move vertically upward through the piston rod 66, so that the first ventilation area 61 moves to the rear of the first heat dissipation channel, ensuring that the airflow enters the first heat dissipation channel through the first ventilation area 61. Meanwhile, the first shielding area 62 moves to the rear of the second heat dissipation channel, gradually blocking the second heat dissipation channel and guiding the airflow into the first heat dissipation channel. As the heat exchange capacity increases, the pneumatic controller inputs negative pressure into the inner cavity of the sleeve 65 through the second air pipe 68. The first baffle 6 moves downward and resets under the action of gravity, blocking the first heat dissipation channel through the first shielding area 62, reducing the heat exchange efficiency. Meanwhile, the first ventilation area 61 and the second heat dissipation channel gradually overlap, ensuring basic ventilation and preventing the heat pipe 2 from overheating and being damaged.

[0027] To prevent the first baffle 6 from moving unevenly due to friction and other factors, this embodiment has a vertically arranged guide rod 63 installed at the top of the mounting frame 1. The guide rod 63 moves through the first baffle 6, and a spring 64 is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the guide rod 63. When the first baffle 6 moves upward, the spring 64 is compressed, generating a downward thrust. When the pneumatic controller inputs negative pressure, the first baffle 6 moves downward and resets under the elastic force of the spring 64.

[0028] In the second scheme, the fins 3 are slidably fitted onto the heat pipes 2. Specifically, a second baffle 7 is slidably mounted vertically inside the mounting frame 1, and the second baffle 7 is located directly behind the fins 3. The end face of the second baffle 7 near the fins 3 has an array of guide grooves 73, the same number as the number of heat pipes 2. The number of guide grooves 73 in each group is the same as the number of fins 3 in a group. Figure 13As shown, a set of guide grooves 73 consists of a vertical guide groove and several inclined guide grooves with progressively increasing inclination. The inclined guide grooves are inclined towards the vertical guide groove, and the vertical groove and the inclined grooves are at the same height in the vertical direction. Each guide groove 73 is slidably connected to the corresponding fin 3. In this embodiment, a guide block 37 is integrally formed and protrudes outward on the circumferential surface of the fin 3, and the guide block 37 is slidably connected to the guide groove 73. When it is necessary to reduce the heat exchange, the second baffle 7 moves downward in the vertical direction, and each fin 3 slides in the corresponding guide groove, so that the distance between two adjacent fins 3 decreases synchronously, that is, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel decreases, thus reducing the heat exchange. Similarly, when it is necessary to increase the heat exchange, the second baffle 7 moves upward in the vertical direction, and the distance between two adjacent fins 3 increases synchronously, that is, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel increases, thus increasing the heat exchange, achieving precise control of the heat exchange. To prevent the fins 3 from rotating during operation, the present invention provides a limiting rod 36 inside the mounting frame 1, parallel to the heat pipe 2. The limiting rod 36 ensures that the fins 3 can only move linearly along the axial direction of the heat pipe 2.

[0029] In practical applications, due to the large number of fins 3 in a set, the tilt angle of the inclined guide groove, which is far from the vertical guide groove, is too large. When the second baffle 7 moves a short distance vertically, the fins 3, which are slidably connected to the inclined guide groove, move a longer distance horizontally. This easily leads to deformation and damage of the fins 3 due to uneven stress. Therefore, if... Figure 14 As shown, the present invention divides each group of guide grooves 73 into several groups evenly to avoid the tilt angle of the inclined guide grooves located on the outer side being too large, thereby reducing the probability of damage to the fins 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the driving device for driving the second baffle 7 to move vertically is a rotary cylinder 74. Specifically, a rotary cylinder 74 is installed at the upper end of the mounting frame 1. A two-link rod 75 is fixedly sleeved on the movable end of the rotary cylinder 74, and the other end of the two-link rod 75 is rotatably connected to the second baffle 7. By rotating the movable end of the rotary cylinder 74 counterclockwise, the movable end also drives the two-link rod 75 to rotate synchronously, and the end of the rod 76 drives the second baffle 7 to move upward vertically.

[0031] Similarly, when the heat exchange capacity increases, the second heat dissipation channel will divert some airflow, resulting in a decrease in heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, this invention provides a second shielding area 72 on the second baffle 7, the same number as the heat pipes 2. The guide groove 73 is located on the second shielding area 72, and a second ventilation area 71 is provided between two adjacent second shielding areas 72. When the heat exchanger is not working, the second ventilation area 71 is located directly behind the second heat dissipation channel, and the second shielding area 72 is located directly behind the first heat dissipation channel. At this time, the guide block 37 is located at the bottom of the guide groove 73, that is, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel is the smallest. As the heat exchange capacity increases, the second baffle 7 moves downward in the vertical direction, the area of ​​the first heat dissipation channel gradually increases, and the second shielding area 72 gradually shields the second heat dissipation channel, guiding the airflow into the first heat dissipation channel. The second ventilation area 71 gradually overlaps with the first heat dissipation channel, so that the fins 3 are in full contact with the airflow, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0032] Based on the above scheme, since the temperature of the heat source inside the heat pipe 2 gradually decreases with the flow direction of the heat source (i.e., the heat source temperature is highest at the inlet pipe 11 and lowest at the outlet pipe 12), in order to guide more airflow to contact the fins 3 at higher temperatures, in this invention, the fins 3 on each heat pipe 2 move horizontally towards the direction of heat source flow, such as... Figure 14 As shown, each vertical guide groove is located on the side closest to the direction of heat source flow.

[0033] Furthermore, the heat exchanger for the nuclear power air conditioning unit proposed in this invention also includes a fan 5 arranged directly behind the mounting frame 1, which generates airflow. The fan 5 uses currently known equipment, and since it is not the focus of the technical solution claimed in this application, it will not be described in detail.

[0034] Based on the above scheme, when the heat exchanger is working, all heat pipes 2 exhibit varying temperatures: those near the inlet pipe 11 are at higher temperatures, those further away from the inlet pipe 11 are at lower temperatures, those near the heat source flow direction are at higher temperatures, and those further away from the heat source flow direction are at lower temperatures. To guide the airflow generated by the fan 5 to contact the higher-temperature heat pipes 2, such as... Figure 15As shown, in this invention, an air guide shroud 4 is installed between the fan 5 and the mounting frame 1. The air guide shroud 4 has several horizontally inclined horizontal air guide plates 41 arranged inside, and the distance between two adjacent horizontal air guide plates 41 gradually decreases in the direction away from the water inlet pipe 11. The air guide shroud 4 also has several vertically inclined vertical air guide plates 42 arranged inside, and the distance between two adjacent vertical air guide plates 42 gradually decreases in the direction away from the heat source. The horizontal air guide plates 41 and vertical air guide plates 42 divide the inner cavity of the air guide shroud 4 into several flow channels, and the area of ​​the flow channels decreases as the temperature of the heat pipe 2 decreases, ensuring that more airflow contacts the heat pipe 2 with a higher temperature, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0035] In the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," "another," and "yet another" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of embodiments of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger for a nuclear power plant air conditioning unit, comprising a mounting frame (1), wherein several heat-conducting pipes (2) are arranged vertically inside the mounting frame (1), the first heat-conducting pipe (2) and the last heat-conducting pipe (2) are respectively connected to an inlet pipe (11) and an outlet pipe (12) located on one side of the mounting frame (1), and a set of fins (3) is fitted onto the circumferential surface of each heat-conducting pipe (2), wherein several fins (3) are provided in the set, characterized in that: In each group of fins (3), a first heat dissipation channel is formed between two adjacent fins (3) on the left and right, and a second heat dissipation channel is formed between two adjacent heat pipes (2) on the top and bottom; as the area of ​​several first heat dissipation channels increases synchronously, the area of ​​the second heat dissipation channel gradually decreases; as the area of ​​several first heat dissipation channels decreases synchronously, the area of ​​the second heat dissipation channel gradually increases. The fins (3) are fixedly sleeved on the heat-conducting pipe (2); in each group of fins (3), there are two adjacent fins (3) with a ring (31) arranged between them. A through groove (32) is opened on one side of the ring (31). An air bag (33) is installed in the through groove (32). The air bag (33) is connected to the first air pipe (34). All the first air pipes (34) are connected to the air inlet pipe (35). The other end of the air inlet pipe (35) is connected to the pneumatic controller.

2. The heat exchanger for a nuclear power plant air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first baffle (6) is slidably mounted in the vertical direction inside the mounting frame (1), and the first baffle (6) is located directly behind the heat pipe (2). Several first ventilation areas (61) are evenly distributed on the first baffle (6) in the vertical direction, and a first shielding area (62) is provided between two adjacent first ventilation areas (61).

3. A heat exchanger for a nuclear power plant air conditioning unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sleeve (65) is arranged directly below the first baffle (6). A piston (67) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve (65). A piston rod (66) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the piston (67). The upper end of the piston rod (66) moves through the sleeve (65) and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first baffle (6). A second air pipe (68) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sleeve (65). The second air pipe (68) communicates with the inner cavity of the sleeve (65). The other end of the second air pipe (68) communicates with the air inlet pipe (35).

4. A heat exchanger for a nuclear power plant air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fins (3) are slidably sleeved on the heat pipe (2); The second baffle (7) is slidably mounted in the vertical direction inside the mounting frame (1), and the second baffle (7) is located directly behind the fin (3). The end face of the second baffle (7) near the fin (3) is provided with an array of guide grooves (73) the same number as the heat pipe (2). The number of guide grooves (73) in each group is the same as the number of fins (3) in a group. A set of guide grooves (73) consists of a vertical guide groove and several inclined guide grooves with increasing inclination. The inclined guide grooves are inclined toward the direction of the vertical guide groove. The vertical groove and the inclined grooves are at the same height in the vertical direction. Each guide groove (73) is slidably connected to the corresponding fin (3).

5. A heat exchanger for a nuclear power plant air conditioning unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second baffle (7) is provided with the same number of second shielding areas (72) as the heat conduction pipes (2), the guide groove (73) is located on the second shielding area (72), and a second ventilation area (71) is provided between two adjacent second shielding areas (72).

6. A heat exchanger for a nuclear power plant air conditioning unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each vertical guide groove is located on the side closest to the direction of heat source flow.

7. A heat exchanger for a nuclear power plant air conditioning unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fan (5) located directly behind the mounting frame (1).

8. A heat exchanger for a nuclear power plant air conditioning unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: A guide hood (4) is installed between the fan (5) and the mounting frame (1). Inside the guide hood (4) are several horizontal guide plates (41) that are horizontal and inclined downwards. The distance between two adjacent horizontal guide plates (41) gradually decreases in the direction away from the water inlet pipe (11). Inside the guide hood (4) are also several vertical guide plates (42) that are vertical and inclined towards the flow of heat source. The distance between two adjacent vertical guide plates (42) gradually decreases in the direction away from the flow of heat source.

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