A binocular stereo polarimetric interferometric imaging spectrometer

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of spectral instruments, in particular to a binocular stereoscopic polarization interference imaging spectrometer which comprises a scanning mirror, a collimating mirror, a binocular mirror, a diaphragm array, a multiple imaging lens array, a polaroid array, a static interference system, a relay imaging system and a plane array detector; the static interference system comprises a beam splitter, a two-way symmetric multi-stage microreflector and a step multi-stage microreflector; multiple imaging of a target is realized through each device in a front imaging system, and the two-way symmetric multi-stage microreflector and the step multi-stage microreflector are used in the interference system to realize step division of an interference order and multi-dimensional phase modulation of a multiple image field, so that the spatial dimension utilization rate of the plane array detector is improved, the number of image elements of a single interference channel is not affected while the spectral resolution is improved, imaging defocus and stray light problems caused by too large sampling intervals of the multi-stage microreflector are avoided, and the imaging effect of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spectroscopic instrument technology, and in particular to a binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous improvement of social and technological development, the demand for multi-dimensional, high-performance imaging detection instruments in important fields such as military reconnaissance, agricultural remote sensing, environmental monitoring, resource exploration, and space exploration has become increasingly urgent. However, traditional imaging detection technologies often only acquire two-dimensional spatial information of a target in a specific wavelength band, resulting in a relatively singular information acquisition dimension, which is insufficient to meet the application needs of many fields for comprehensive multi-dimensional and multi-angle descriptions of targets. For example, in the field of agricultural remote sensing, imaging technology typically only meets the needs of simple agricultural monitoring, and is insufficient to meet the application needs of estimating the sugar content, temperature, and humidity of agricultural products, fine crop classification and identification, and yield estimation. In the field of military reconnaissance, due to the development of camouflage technology towards multi-functional and multi-spectral stealth, targets and backgrounds can be nearly "of the same color and spectrum" within a certain wavelength range, making traditional thermal infrared imaging reconnaissance methods difficult to effectively identify. In the field of environmental monitoring, commonly used telemetry methods can usually only estimate the two-dimensional spatial distribution of pollutant column concentrations, and cannot obtain the overall morphology of the air mass, thus failing to calculate the total amount of pollutants.

[0003] Currently, multi-dimensional imaging detection technologies include binocular stereo vision imaging, spectral imaging, and polarization imaging. These technologies add dimensions such as target depth, spectrum, and polarization to the two-dimensional spatial information, enhancing detection and recognition capabilities. However, with the increasing widespread application of these technologies, their limitations have become more apparent. For example, binocular stereo vision imaging results in sparse point cloud reconstruction and poor imaging quality when facing highly reflective, transparent, or low-texture targets; polarization imaging has limited ability to identify multi-component targets; and spectral imaging performs poorly on targets with complex structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the problem of simultaneous detection of multi-dimensional information in complex scenarios by proposing a binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer. This spectrometer simultaneously acquires three-dimensional spatial information, one-dimensional polarization information, and one-dimensional spectral information of a target scene through binocular polarization multi-imaging coupling transmission and interferometric modulation. Employing a multi-dimensional information cross-fusion extraction algorithm, it obtains target spatial positioning accuracy, surface texture details, and enhanced dense point clouds. It achieves steady-state detection of five-dimensional spectral polarization information, exhibiting characteristics of multi-dimensional information, high perception, and high stability, and possesses broad application prospects.

[0005] This invention provides a binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer, which includes a scanning mirror, a collimating mirror, a binocular mirror, an aperture array, a multiple imaging lens array, a polarizer array, a static interferometer system, a relay imaging system, and an area array detector.

[0006] The scanning mirror is used to scan the target under test to obtain the initial light field information of the dual field of view of the target under test; the collimating mirror is used to collimate the dual field of view parallel beam;

[0007] The binocular mirror divides the dual-field parallel beam into a first imaging channel and a second imaging channel to form a binocular field imaging channel; the binocular mirror also stitches the dual-field parallel beam into a coaxial beam.

[0008] The aperture array and the multiple imaging lens array are used to perform aperture segmentation on the light field of the binocular field imaging channel to achieve binocular multiple stereo imaging.

[0009] The polarizer array is used to polarize the target image field of each imaging channel to form a binocular multi-dimensional polarized image field with different polarization states.

[0010] The static interference system is used to spatially segment and phase-modulate the target light field of each imaging channel to form a binocular multi-dimensional polarization interference image field.

[0011] The relay imaging system is used to couple the target light field in each imaging channel to the area array detector to form a binocular multi-dimensional polarization interference image array with different polarization states.

[0012] Preferably, the static interference system includes a beam splitter, a dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror, and a step-type multi-stage micromirror; the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror and the step-type multi-stage micromirror are orthogonally arranged.

[0013] Preferably, the beam splitter is an infrared beam splitter with a beam splitting ratio of 1:1 and the beam splitter is set at 45° to the optical axis.

[0014] Preferably, the beam splitter divides the target image field intensity into a first coherent beam and a second coherent beam, and the first coherent beam and the second coherent beam are respectively incident on the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror and the step-type multi-stage micromirror.

[0015] After the first coherent beam undergoes two-dimensional phase modulation through the sub-stepped reflective surfaces at different spatial positions of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror, it returns to the beam splitter and encounters the second correlated beam reflected back to the beam splitter by the step-multi-stage micromirror, resulting in interference.

[0016] Preferably, the total number of lateral steps in the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror is consistent with the number of interference channels; the number of longitudinal steps in the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror is consistent with the number of imaging channels.

[0017] Preferably, the number of sub-steps on one side of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror is N, and the number of longitudinal sub-steps of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror is 4×N; the number of sub-steps on one side N corresponds to the number of interference channels in a single imaging channel; the number of transverse sub-steps of the step-type multi-stage micromirror is M, and the number of imaging channels is 4×M.

[0018] Preferably, the sub-step height of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror is d, and the sampling interval of the optical path difference is Δ = 2d.

[0019] Preferably, the optical path difference between the interference channels corresponding to the longitudinal m-th and n-th sub-steps of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror and the step-index multi-stage micromirror is expressed as:

[0020] δ(m,n)=2(Nm-n)d.

[0021] Preferably, there is a parallax between the first imaging channel and the second imaging channel.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention addresses the problems of sparse point cloud reconstruction and poor imaging when facing highly reflective, transparent, and low-texture targets; weak ability of polarization imaging to identify multi-component targets; and poor imaging effect of spectral imaging for complex structural targets. It proposes a binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer. Multiple imaging of the target is achieved through a collimating mirror, binocular mirrors, aperture array, lens array, and polarizer array in the front imaging system. In the interferometric system, dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirrors and step-step multi-stage micromirrors are used to achieve interferometric sub-step segmentation and multi-dimensional phase modulation of multiple image fields, improving the spatial dimensionality utilization of the area array detector. While improving spectral resolution, the number of pixels in a single interferometric channel is not affected. Furthermore, it avoids imaging defocus and stray light introduced from the sides of the sub-steps that may be caused by excessively large sampling intervals of the multi-stage micromirrors, ensuring the system's imaging performance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a basic structural diagram of a binocular stereo polarization interferometry imaging spectrometer according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is an optical path diagram of a binocular stereo polarization interferometry imaging spectrometer according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a step-type multi-stage micromirror structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path difference distribution mode of a binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel target scene interferometric image array received on an area array detector according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of multi-dimensional cubic data received by the area array detector through scanning the target scene according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the data cube decoupling dimension according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the extracted and stitched target left field of view panoramic image according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of extracting and stitching the target right field of view panoramic image according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional image of a target obtained according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 1. Scanning mirror; 2. Collimating mirror; 3. Binocular mirror; 4. Aperture array; 5. Multiple imaging lens array; 6. Polarizer array; 7. Beam splitter; 8. Dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror; 9. Step-type multi-stage micromirror; 10. Relay imaging system; 11. Area array detector. Detailed Implementation

[0037] In the following description, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description below, the same modules are denoted by the same reference numerals. Where the same reference numerals are used, their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, their detailed description will not be repeated.

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0039] This invention provides a binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer, such as... Figure 1 The diagram shown is a basic structural diagram of a binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer in a specific embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the main structure of the binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer includes a scanning mirror 1, a collimating mirror 2, a binocular mirror 3, an aperture array 4, a multiple imaging lens array 5, a polarizer array 6, a static interferometric system, a relay imaging system 10, and an area array detector 11; wherein, the static interferometric system includes a beam splitter 7, a dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror 8, and a step-level multi-stage micromirror 9. Specifically, the scanning mirror 1 is used to scan the target scene, allowing the image of the target scene to traverse all interference channels and complete the optical path difference accumulation; the collimating mirror 2 is used to collimate the two fields of view of the target light field into two parallel beams; the binocular mirror 3 is used to stitch the two parallel beams of different fields of view of the target light field into a coaxial beam, and also divides the parallel beams of the two fields of view into a first imaging channel and a second imaging channel, forming a binocular field of view imaging channel; there is parallax between the first imaging channel and the second imaging channel; the aperture array 4 is used to prevent crosstalk between the imaging channels; the multiple imaging lens array 5 is used to divide the target light field into multiple independent imaging channels, realizing multiple array imaging of the target under test at its image-side focal plane; the polarizer array 6 is used to... Multiple independent imaging channels of the target light field are polarization-modulated; beam splitter 7 is used to divide the light field into two parts with equal intensity; dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirrors 8 are used to perform multi-dimensional phase modulation of the target image field with step-index multi-stage micromirrors 9. The total number of horizontal levels of dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirrors 8 corresponds to the number of interference channels, and the vertical level of dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirrors 8 corresponds to the number of imaging channels (level 2 is used as an example in the figure); step-index multi-stage micromirrors 9 are used to perform multi-dimensional phase modulation of the target image field with dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirrors 8; relay imaging system 10 is used to couple the target light field in each channel to the area array detector 11 to form an interferometric image array of the target; area array detector 11 is used to receive the interferometric image information of the target.

[0040] Figure 2The optical path diagram of the binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer in a specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows: The scanning mirror 1 scans the target to obtain the initial light field information of the two fields of view of the target. The collimating mirror 2 collimates the two parallel beams of different axes, and then the binocular mirror 3 obtains a coaxial parallel beam. The light field is then divided into M independent imaging channels by the aperture array 4 and the multiple imaging lens array 5, achieving multi-array imaging of the target at its image-side focal plane. The polarization state of the light field is adjusted by the polarizer array 6, and then the beam splitter 7 equally divides the target image field intensity, which is then incident on the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micro-mirrors 8 and 9, respectively. Multi-dimensional phase modulation of the target image field is performed to form 4*M*N interference channels, where each N interference channel corresponds to one imaging channel. Finally, the target light field in each channel is coupled to the area array detector 11 via the relay imaging system 10 to form a dual-field-of-view polarization interferometric image array of the target.

[0041] In a specific implementation, at a certain moment, the dual-field-of-view light field of the target scene is reflected by the scanning mirror 1 into the spectrometer system. At the collimating mirror 2, it is collimated into two parallel beams with different fields of view, thus obtaining dual-field-of-view parallel beams. These beams are coupled into coaxial parallel beams by the binocular mirror 3 and then pass through a 4×M aperture array 4, forming 4×M non-interfering parallel beams. Multiple imaging is then performed by a multi-imaging lens array 5 with 4×M imaging channels, dividing the light field into 4×M independent imaging channels. A polarizer array 6 (each field of view corresponds to 4 polarization channels with different polarization directions, and each polarization channel corresponds to 2 imaging channels) is used to perform binocular imaging. The image fields of each imaging channel are polarized and modulated to form a multi-polarized image field of the target under test on its image-side focal plane. Then, the multi-polarized image field reaches the beam splitter 7, which is placed at 45° to the optical axis and has a splitting ratio of 1:1. The beam splitter 7 divides the target image field intensity into two coherent beams, which are respectively incident on the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micro-reflector 8 and the step-step multi-stage micro-reflector 9. After two-dimensional phase modulation by the sub-step reflection surfaces at different spatial positions of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micro-reflector 8, the beam returns to the beam splitter 7 and meets again with the beam reflected back to the beam splitter 7 by the step-step multi-stage micro-reflector 9, and interference occurs. Finally, the beam is imaged to the area array detector 11 through the relay imaging system 10.

[0042] In a specific implementation, the post-processing method for image data acquired by the binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer provided by the present invention includes: first, based on the gray-scale distribution differences between image units of different interference orders, a reasonable image unit edge detection method is used to segment and extract interference image units from the multidimensional data cube; then, optical path difference matching is performed based on the target contrast characteristics within the unit; finally, feature registration is performed on the matched image units to obtain the decoupled binocular polarization image sequence and polarization interference primitive sequence. Further dimensionality reduction of the two-dimensional interference primitive sequence yields a one-dimensional polarization interference intensity sequence for subsequent spectral reconstruction. This fully demonstrates that the binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer provided by the present invention, after decoupling the acquired raw data, obtains a binocular polarization image sequence and a polarization interference intensity sequence, which can be dimensionality reduced using the interference intensity sequence before spectral reconstruction.

[0043] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel target scene interference image array received by an area array detector in a specific embodiment of the present invention. In the diagram, each imaging channel in the vertical direction forms the same image, and each interference fringe in the horizontal direction corresponds to a different interference channel. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of multi-dimensional cubic data received by the area array detector through scanning the target scene according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. It is mainly composed of two fields of view (left and right), four polarization channels under each field of view, and 2*N interference channels superimposed under each polarization channel; from... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As can be seen, in the binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer of the present invention, a single frame image of a multidimensional data cubic data structure for a complete scanning cycle contains spatial and interferometric dimensions, and is divided into 4×M imaging channels. Each pair of imaging channels corresponds to a complete polarization channel, and a polarization state in a specific direction is superimposed. Figure 6 Two imaging channels are located vertically adjacent to each other and whose polarization states are aligned. Each set of four polarization channels corresponds to one field of view channel. Figure 6 The eight imaging channels with the same color outlines on both sides are the underlying data units, which are interferometric primitives arranged sequentially in the interferometric dimension and step-divided in the spatial dimension based on the interferometric order (distribution pattern as follows). Figure 6 (As shown); the system accumulates data in the time dimension through scanning imaging, and after a complete scanning cycle, it obtains a complete multidimensional data cube of the target.

[0044] Specific implementation methods, Figure 3 and Figure 4The figures show schematic diagrams of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror 8 and the step-type multi-stage micromirror 9, respectively, in specific embodiments of the present invention. As can be seen from the figures, the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror 8 has 4×N longitudinal sub-steps (4×5 in the schematic diagram), with N sub-steps on one side corresponding to the number of interference channels in a single imaging channel. The step-type multi-stage micromirror 9 has M transverse sub-steps (4 in the schematic diagram), constituting 4×M imaging channels in the system. The longitudinal sub-steps have the same width, and their height follows the Nyquist sampling theorem, i.e., the sampling interval... The optical path difference sampling interval should be less than or equal to half the minimum wavelength. The sub-step height of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror 8 is d, so the sampling interval for the optical path difference is Δ = 2d. To ensure sampling continuity after the step-sequence division of the interference order and to achieve optical path difference complementarity among the interference order sequences, the height difference between adjacent sub-step reflective surfaces of the same order in the step-sequence multi-stage micromirror 9 is N×d, forming 2×N optical path difference sampling units. Combined with the order M of the step-sequence multi-stage micromirror 9, the image field is modulated into an interference image field array with 4×M×N interference channels. Its optical path difference distribution pattern is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path difference distribution mode of a binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The parameters of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror and the step-index multi-stage micromirror correspond, with the numbers representing the order of interference orders. As shown in the figure, the optical path difference distribution is mainly divided into four parts: top, bottom, left, and right. Each part is further divided into two interconnected interference regions, with the interference orders on one side of the region's edge adjacent to those on the other side, ensuring a continuous total interference order within each part. Specifically, the optical path difference between the longitudinal m-th and n-th sub-steps of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror 8 and the step-index multi-stage micromirror 9 can be expressed as:

[0045] δ(m,n)=2(Nm-n)d

[0046] Finally, the interferometric image field array is coupled and transmitted to the area array detector 11 via the relay imaging system 10 to form a dual-field-of-view polarization interferometric image array of the target, such as Figure 6 As shown, within one scanning cycle, the target under test can traverse all 4×M×N interference channels, 4×M imaging channels, and 2 field-of-view channels through scanning mirror 1. By extracting and processing all interference channels containing the target under test from the interference image data, the interference modulation image sequence information of the target can be obtained, as detailed below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0047] In specific implementation methods, Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the decoupling dimension of the data cube according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. The binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer provided by the present invention acquires multi-dimensional data cubes within one scanning cycle. After decoupling processing, the key data obtained are shown on the left. The left side shows the multi-channel polarization interferometric sequence image obtained after data decoupling, and the spectrum of each channel can be reconstructed based on the sequence image. The right side shows the polarization panoramic image of each channel, and three-dimensional reconstruction and polarization image fusion can be performed based on the panoramic images of different channels. Specifically, the target image field within one scanning cycle is divided and stitched to obtain the polarization panoramic image and the interferometric primitive sequence image. Through the simulated images of the polarization panoramic image and the interferometric primitive sequence image, it is shown that the binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer provided by the present invention can acquire polarization dimension, spectral dimension and dual-field-of-view image dimension information.

[0048] In a specific implementation, the data processing principle of the binocular stereo polarization interferometry imaging spectrometer provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0049] Let the interferometric image array corresponding to the target radiated light signal be I(x), where x = 1, 2, 3, ..., 2 × N. Interferometric data processing is performed on the interferometric image array I(x) to obtain the interferometric intensity sequence I'(x) corresponding to the target radiated light signal. Finally, a discrete Fourier transform is performed on the interferometric intensity sequence I'(x).

[0050]

[0051] The spectral information of the target radiation light signal can then be reconstructed, where ν = 1 / λ is the spatial frequency of the excitation light signal, and B(ν) is the power spectral density distribution function (spectrum) of the excitation light signal.

[0052] In a specific implementation, the target image field within one scanning cycle is extracted and stitched together by traversing a single interference channel using a scanning mirror to obtain a dual-field-of-view polarized panoramic image of the target, such as... Figure 9 and Figure 10 The figures shown are schematic diagrams of dual-field panoramic images of the target's left and right fields of view extracted and stitched according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] By performing disparity matching on the panoramic images of the left and right fields of view, a disparity map of the target scene is obtained. Based on the rotation and translation matrices of the two fields of view, the stereo rotation matrix and stereo translation vector are obtained:

[0054] R = R r (R l ) -1 T = T r +RT l

[0055] Where R and T are the solid rotation matrix and the solid translation vector, respectively, Rr and T r These are the rotation matrix and translation vector of the right field of view, R. l and T l These are the rotation matrix and translation vector of the left field of view, respectively.

[0056] After rotating and translating the original dual-field panoramic image, the left and right images are matched to obtain a disparity image, and the disparity is used to calculate the 3D point cloud:

[0057]

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Where (x1, y1, z1) refers to the 3D coordinates of the target scene in the world coordinate system, b refers to the baseline length of the two fields of view, (u1, v1) is the pixel coordinate of the target scene in the left field of view, (u2, v2) is the pixel coordinate of the target in the right field of view, (u0, v0) is the principal point of the image pixel coordinate system, (a x ,a y () are camera intrinsic parameters.

[0061] After calculation, the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point are obtained, enabling stereoscopic imaging of the target scene, such as... Figure 11 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the target three-dimensional imaging obtained in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] For a polarized panoramic image of the target scene, the Stokes vector representation is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Degree of polarization and angle of polarization:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] The polarization information of the target radiated light signal can then be reconstructed, where I0 and I... 45 I g0 I 135 The images are polarization images with four different polarization angles. S0, S1, and S2 are three Stokes vector images, DOLP is the degree of polarization image, and AOLP is the polarization angle image.

[0068] To address the problem that spatiotemporal joint modulation Fourier transform imaging spectrometers cannot acquire depth information of target scenes when expanding the detection dimensions of weak targets, this invention proposes a binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer. Multiple imaging of the target is achieved through a collimating mirror, binocular mirrors, aperture array, lens array, and polarizer array in the front imaging system. Furthermore, multidimensional phase modulation of multiple image fields and a step-series multi-level micromirror are utilized in the interferometric system to achieve multidimensional phase modulation of multiple image fields and a step-series distribution of interferometric orders. This improves the spatial dimensionality utilization of the area array detector, simultaneously acquiring three-dimensional spatial information and one-dimensional spectral information of the target scene, and achieving steady-state detection of four-dimensional spectral information. It features multiple information dimensions, high perception, and high stability, and has broad application prospects.

[0069] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer, characterized in that, The binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer includes a scanning mirror, a collimating mirror, a binocular mirror, an aperture array, a multiple imaging lens array, a polarizer array, a static interferometry system, a relay imaging system, and an area array detector. The scanning mirror is used to scan the target under test to obtain the initial light field information of the dual field of view of the target under test; the collimating mirror is used to collimate the dual field of view parallel beam; The binocular reflector divides the dual-field parallel beam into a first imaging channel and a second imaging channel to form a binocular field imaging channel. The binocular reflector stitches the two parallel beams of view into a coaxial beam; The aperture array and the multiple imaging lens array are used to perform aperture segmentation on the light field of the binocular field imaging channel to achieve binocular multiple stereo imaging. The polarizer array is used to polarize the target image field of each imaging channel to form a binocular multi-dimensional polarized image field with different polarization states. The static interference system is used to spatially segment and phase-modulate the target light field of each imaging channel to form a binocular multi-dimensional polarization interference image field. The relay imaging system is used to couple the target light field in each imaging channel to the area array detector to form a binocular multi-dimensional polarization interference image array with different polarization states.

2. The binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The static interference system includes a beam splitter, a dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror, and a step-type multi-stage micromirror; the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror and the step-type multi-stage micromirror are orthogonally arranged.

3. The binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The beam splitter is an infrared beam splitter with a splitting ratio of 1:1 and is set at 45° to the optical axis.

4. The binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The beam splitter divides the target image field intensity into a first coherent beam and a second coherent beam, and the first coherent beam and the second coherent beam are respectively incident on the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micro-reflector and the step-type multi-stage micro-reflector. After the first coherent beam undergoes two-dimensional phase modulation through the sub-stepped reflective surfaces at different spatial positions of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micro-reflector, it returns to the beam splitter and encounters the second coherent beam reflected back to the beam splitter by the step-multi-stage micro-reflector, resulting in interference.

5. The binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The total number of lateral steps in the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror is consistent with the number of interference channels; the number of longitudinal steps in the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror is consistent with the number of imaging channels.

6. The binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror has N sub-steps on one side and 4×N longitudinal sub-steps in the vertical direction. The number of sub-steps on one side N corresponds to the number of interference channels in a single imaging channel. The step-type multi-stage micromirror has M transverse sub-steps and 4×M imaging channels.

7. The binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The sub-step height of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micromirror is d, and the sampling interval of the optical path difference is Δ = 2d.

8. The binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The optical path difference between the interference channels corresponding to the longitudinal m-th and n-th sub-steps of the dual-path symmetrical multi-stage micro-reflector and the step-index multi-stage micro-reflector is expressed as: δ(m,n)=2(Nm-n)d.

9. The binocular stereo polarization interferometric imaging spectrometer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, There is a parallax between the first imaging channel and the second imaging channel.

Images